ABSTRACTS

(Addendum)
 CONFERENCE PROGRAMME

DATE/TIME PAPER ID VENUE

2017-01-03-0158 LAWANG
08/08/2017
11:05pm-12:50pm
2017-02-15-0139 SERAI

2017-05-27-0190 LAWANG
09/08/2017
03:50pm-05:30pm
2017-05-27-0191 LAWANG

IGNITE-AICCE17 | AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2017

 CIVIL ENGINEERING : ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
2017-01-03-0158

Effect of Acid Detergent Fiber in Hydrothermally

Pretreated Sewage Sludge on Anaerobic Digestion Process

Rikiya Takasaki1), Lee Cheng Yuan1),, Hirotsugu Kamahara2),,

Youichi Atsuta1), Hiroyuki Daimon2), a)

1)
Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University
of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka. Tempaku-cho, Toyohasi, Aichi, 441-
8580, Japan
2)
Center for International Relations, Institute for Global Network
Innovation in Technology Education, Toyohashi University of
Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-
8580, Japan
a)
Corresponding author: daimon@cir.ignite.tut.ac.jp

Abstract. Hydrothermal treatment is one of the pre-treatment method for anaerobic

digestion. The application of hydrothermal treatment to sewage sludge of wastewater
treatment plant has been succeeded to enhance the biogas production. The purpose of this
study is to quantitatively clarify the effect of hydrothermal treatment on anaerobic digestion
process focusing on acid detergent fiber (ADF) in sewage sludge, which is low
biodegradability. The hydrothermal treatment experiment was carried out for 15 minutes
between 160 C and 200 C respectively. The ADF content was decreased after
hydrothermal treatment compared with untreated sludge. However, ADF content was
increased when raising the treatment temperature from 160 C to 200 C. During batch
anaerobic digestion experiment, untreated and treated sludge were examined for 10 days
under 38 C, and all samples were fed once based on volatile solids of samples. From batch
anaerobic digestion experiment, as ADF content in sewage sludge increased, the total
biogas production decreased. It was found that ADF content in sewage sludge influence on
anaerobic digestion. Therefore, ADF could be one of the indicator to evaluate the effect of
hydrothermal treatment to sewage sludge on anaerobic digestion.

1 IGNITE-AICCE17 | AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2017

 ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING : NANOELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
2017-01-15-0139

Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Doped Zinc Oxide

Nanostructure for Biosensor Application

Fatinhanani Abd Rahman1),a) and Foo Kai Loong1)

1)
Institute of Nanoelectronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis,
01000 Kangar, Perlis
a)
Corresponding author: fhar92@yahoo.com
.
Abstract. Zinc oxide (ZnO), a representative of group II-IV metal-oxide
semiconductor material with its wide direct band-gap (3.37eV) and high exciton
binding energy (60meV) which providing the advantages of their electrical and
optical properties. Due to these unique properties, ZnO is widely studied in the
current research community. In addition, the fabrication of doped ZnO thin films
have been reported could significantly enhance the device sensitivity by Au
adsorption. Thus, this work demonstrated the process development of gold doped
zinc oxide (Au-ZnO) thin films using sol-gel method. The effect of different Au
thickness layer deposited onto ZnO thin films are studied by using various
characterization method. The structural properties of ZnO thin films before and
after modified with Au layer were investigated by using scanning electron
microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX). The results show that the
prepared ZnO thin films have spherically shaped structures and homogenous
surface. The optical properties of ZnO thin films and Au-ZnO thin films were also
characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS). The results indicated
the existence of the ZnO characteristic at transmittance peak of 380 nm and 750
cm-1, respectively. The formation of Au-ZnO was further confirmed by obtained the
characteristic Au transmittance band at wavelength ranged from 500 nm to 600
nm.

2 IGNITE-AICCE17 | AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2017

 HOUSING, BUILDING, AND PLANNING : LOCAL BUILDING BY-LAWS
RELATING TO ADVANCEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY
2017-05-27-0190

Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) of School Classrooms: The

Case Study in Malaysia

Muna Hanim Abdul Samad1,a), Zalena Abdul Aziz1 and Mohd Hafizal
Mohd Isa1
1
School of Housing, Building and Planning
Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
a)
Corresponding author : mhanim@usm.my

Abstract. Thermal Comfort is one of the key criteria for occupants

comfort and productivity in a building. In schools, it is vital for a conduciveness
for teaching and learning environment. Thermal comfort is dependent on air
temperature, humidity, radiation, internal lighting, air movement, activities,
clothing and climatic change and is part of the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)
components which have significant effects on occupants. The main concern over
energy and running cost has meant that most public schools in Malaysia are
designed for natural ventilation and not air-conditioning. The building envelope
plays a significant role in reducing the radiant heat and keeps the interior cooler
than the outdoor temperature for acceptable thermal comfort level. The
requirement of Industrial Building System (IBS) as the envelope system for school
building in Malaysia could affect the role of envelope as a climate moderator. This
paper is based on a research conducted on two schools in Malaysia of varied
construction materials as the building envelopes to ascertain the thermal comfort
level of the classrooms. Elements of IEQ such as air temperature, air movement,
daylighting and noise level were taken of various classrooms to fulfill the required
objectives of determining the level of quality. The data collected and analysed
from the study shows that in terms of air temperature which range from 28C to
34.5C, the schools do not achieve the recommended comfort level for tropical
climate. Results also show either too much glare or insufficient daylighting,
unsatisfactory level of air movement and exceed the threshold on recommended
noise level. This research also concluded that the use of materials and orientation
in the school design are the major determinant factors towards good IEQ levels in
school buildings.

3 IGNITE-AICCE17 | AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2017

 HOUSING, BUILDING, AND PLANNING : LOCAL BUILDING BY-LAWS
RELATING TO ADVANCEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY
2017-05-27-0191

Means of Escape Provisions and Evacuation Simulation of Public

Building in Malaysia and Singapore

Muna Hanim Abdul Samad 1, a) Nooriati Taib1 and Choo Siew Ying1
1
School of Housing, Building and Planning
Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

Corresponding author : mhanim@usm.my

a)

Abstract. The Uniform Building By-law 1984 of Malaysia is the legal

document governing fire safety requirements in buildings. Its prescriptive nature
has deemed the requirements out dated from the viewpoint of current
performance based approach in most developed countries. The means of escape
provisions is a critical requirement to safeguard occupants safety in fire especially
in public buildings. As stipulated in the UBBL 1984, the means of escape provisions
includes sufficient escape routes, travel distance, protection of escape routes, etc.
designated as means to allow occupants to escape within a safe period. This
research aims at investigating on the effectiveness of those provisions in public
buildings during evacuation process involving massive crowd during emergencies.
This research includes a scenario-based study on evacuation processes using two
software which are PyroSim, a crowd modelling software to conduct smoke study
and Pathfinder to stimulate evacuation model of building in Malaysia and
Singapore as comparative study. The results show that the case study buildings
designed according to Malaysian UBBL 1984 and Singapore Firecode, 2013
respectively provide relative safe means of escape. The simulations of fire and
smoke and coupled with simulation of evacuation have demonstrated that though
there are adequate exits designated according to fire requirements, however the
impact of the geometry of atriums on the behavior of fire and smoke have
significant effect on escape time especially for unfamiliar user of the premises.

4 IGNITE-AICCE17 | AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2017