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Railway Engineering-11 - Stations, Yards & Equipment PDF
Railway Engineering-11 - Stations, Yards & Equipment PDF
CONTENTS
1. Purpose of a Railway Station
2. Selection of Site for a Railway Station
3. Classification of Railway Stations
4. Types of Yards
5. Equipment at Railway Station
INTRODUCTION
1. ADEQUATE LAND
There should be adequate land available for the station building, not
only for the proposed line but also for any future expansion.
The proposed area should also be without any religious buildings.
3. ALIGNMENT
The station site should preferably have a straight alignment so that
the various signals are clearly visible.
5. EASY ACCESSIBILITY
The station site should be easily accessible.
The site should be near villages and towns.
Nearby villages should be connected to the station by means of
approach roads for the convenience of passengers.
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
1. OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
1. OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
WHAT IS BLOCK STATION?
accidents.
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
1. OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
CLASS A BLOCK STATION
rapidly
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
1. OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
CLASS A BLOCK STATION
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
1. OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
CLASS B BLOCK STATION
By providing a warner on the outer arm post, this station can also
1. OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
CLASS B BLOCK STATION
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
1. OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
CLASS C BLOCK STATION
passengers is done.
1. OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
CLASS C BLOCK STATION
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
(a) Halts
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
A. HALTS
A halt is the simplest station where trains can stop on a railway line.
There is no yard or station building or staff provided for such types
of stations
Some selected trains are allotted a stoppage line of a minute or two
at such stations to enable passengers to entrain or detrain.
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
A. HALTS
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
B. FLAG STATION
A flag station is more important as a stop-over for trains than a halt
and is provided with a station building and staff
A flag station is usually provided with a small waiting hall and
booking office, platforms and benches, and arrangements for
drinking water.
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
C. WAYSIDE OR CROSSING STATION
A crossing station has arrangements for controlling the movement
of trains on block sections.
A crossing station facilitate the crossing of trains going in opposite
directions so that there may be a more rapid movement of trains.
The main operations performed at these stations include attending
to the passing and crossing of trains, giving precedence to
important trains, and other miscellaneous works done for stopping
passenger trains.
Slow passenger trains mostly stop at small stations whereas mail
and express trains stop at major stations.
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
C. WAYSIDE OR CROSSING STATION
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
D. JUNCTION STATIONS
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
D. JUNCTION STATIONS
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
D. JUNCTION STATIONS
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
E. TERMINAL STATIONS
for the engine of an incoming train to turn around and move from
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
E. TERMINAL STATIONS
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS
2. FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
E. TERMINAL STATIONS
YARDS
A) COACHING YARD
of passengers
YARDS
A) COACHING YARD
YARDS
B) GOODS YARD
Separate goods sidings are provided with the platforms for the
B) GOODS YARD
YARDS
C) LOCOMOTIVE YARD
are serviced simultaneously and are readily available for hauling the
trains.
C) LOCOMOTIVE YARD
YARDS
E) MARSHALLING YARD
The marshalling yard is a yard where goods trains are received and
sorted out, and new trains are formed and finally dispatched to
various destinations
E) MARSHALLING YARD
E) MARSHALLING YARD
FUNCTIONS
Reception of trains
Trains are received in the reception yards with the help of various lines.
Sorting of trains
Trains are normally sorted with the help of a hump with a shunting neck
and sorting sidings.
Departure of trains
Trains depart from departure yards where various lines are provided for
this very purpose.
Separate yards may be provided to deal with up and down traffic as well
as through trains, which need not be sorted out.
YARDS
E) MARSHALLING YARD
MARSHALLING YARDS
TYPES
FLAT YARD
In this type of yard, all the tracks are laid almost level and the
wagons are relocated for sorting, etc., with the help of an engine.
TYPES
GRAVITATION YARD
In this yard, the level of the natural ground is such that it is possible
The tracks are so laid that the wagons move to the siding assigned
engine power
MARSHALLING YARDS
TYPES
HUMP YARD
earthwork.
The wagons are pushed up to the summit of the hump with the help
of an engine from where they slide down and reach the sidings
CATCH SIDING
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
PLATFORMS
Passenger platforms
Goods platforms
These platforms are provided for the loading and unloading of goods
and parcels onto and from wagons.
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
Foot over bridges are provided for the movement of passengers and light
baggage from one platform to another.
Bulky or heavy goods are taken from one platform to another by means of
a handcarts, which are carried across the tracks near the end of the
platform in order to reach the requisite platform.
Some stations are also provided with subways for the movement of the
passengers and goods between platforms.
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
CRANES
Cranes are normally provided in goods sheds to load and unload bulky or
heavy material such as heavy machines and logs from wagons
WEIGH BRIDGE
WEIGH BRIDGE
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
LOADING GAUGE
End loading ramps are provided to allow the unloading of the wagons at
their rear end.
Such ramps are also used for unloading cars and other mobile vehicles.
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
ASHPITS
Ashpits are provided to collect the ashes falling from the locomotives
EXAMINATION PITS
Examination pits (also called outgoing pits) are used both for fire de-
ashing before the locomotives leave the sheds and for outgoing engine
examination and repairs.
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
ASHPITS
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
DROP PITS
Drop pits are provided in order to enable the wheels of the locomotives to
be removed for examination, repairs, and renewals.
WATER COLUMNS
Water columns are provided in locomotive yards as well as at various
stations, where engines are required to be watered and fuelled.
TURNTABLE
A turntable is a device used for changing the direction of a locomotive.
It is normally provided at terminal stations, locomotive yards, and
marshalling yards.
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
TURNTABLE
WATER COLUMNS
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
Buffer Stop
Buffer stops or snag dead ends are provided at the end of a siding to
ensure that the vehicles stop while still on the track and do not go off it.
The buffer stop is a type of barrier placed across the track which stops the
vehicles from going beyond the selected point
Scotch block
A scotch block is a wooden block placed on the rail and properly held in its
place with the help of a device to form an obstruction. Once it is clamped
in position, the scotch block does not allow a vehicle to move beyond it.
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
SCOTCH BLOCK
BUFFER STOP
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
DERAILING SWITCH
A derailing switch consists of a half-switch, i.e., only a tongue rail, which in its
open position faces away from the stock rail, leaving a gap in between, and
this causes a discontinuity in the track
SAND HUMP
This is possibly the most improved method of isolating and stopping a moving
vehicle without causing much damage to it.
FOULING MARK
A fouling mark is provided between two converging tracks at the point beyond
which the centre-to-centre distance of the track is less than the stipulated
minimum distance.
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
DERAILING SWITCH
EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AT RAILWAY
STATIONS
FOULING MARK