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International Symposium in Geotechnical Analysis and Structural Design
International Symposium in Geotechnical Analysis and Structural Design
Table of Contents
Introduction
Introduction
Underground constructions
Tunnels
Final remarks
Final remarks
Soil-structure interaction
s1s3 [MN/m]
Whats the problem?
settlements
differential settlements
tilting
M A I N
Flerbrcke
80 kN/m2
Frankfurt Limestone
800 kN/m2
Commerzbank
Introduction High-rise buildings Tunnels Final remarks 7
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rolf Katzenbach Institute and Laboratory of Geotechnics
Frankfurt
clay
Frankfurt
limestone
Displacement [mm]
100
80
Concrete 70,60 msl
60
40
5m
20
Upper Osterberg Cell
0
-20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Lower Osterberg Cell
Load [MN]
59,00 msl
D = 1.7 m
Introduction High-rise buildings Tunnels Final remarks 9
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rolf Katzenbach Institute and Laboratory of Geotechnics
1010
Intermediary and lower segment
00
-10
-10
-20
-20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Load [MN]
Introduction High-rise buildings Tunnels Final remarks 10
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rolf Katzenbach Institute and Laboratory of Geotechnics
Displacement [mm]
40
20
Concrete 70,60 msl
0
-20
-40
Upper Osterberg Cell
-60
5m -80
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Lower Osterberg Cell
Load [MN]
59,00 msl
D = 1.7 m
30
30
20
20 Maximum skin friction (improved)
10
10 qs = 1,040 kN/m
Verschiebung [mm]
00
Intermediary
mittleres segment
Pfahlsegment
-10
-10
unteres Pfahlsegment
Lower segment
-20
-20
-30
-30
-40
-40 Maximum base pressure
-50
-50
qb = 7,000 kN/m
-60
-60
-70
-70
00 55 10
10 15
15 20
20 25
25 30
30
Sum of load: 78 MN Last[MN]
Load [MN]
Load test:
- max. 32 MN
- max. settlement of pile head: 0.7 cm
Introduction High-rise buildings Tunnels Final remarks 13
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rolf Katzenbach Institute and Laboratory of Geotechnics
F L
s 2
EA
s E A
L
0.5 F
E = 31,000 MN/m2
A = 1.3 m2
used pile length 18 m
F = 32 MN
s = 0.7 cm
used length
of test pile:
18 m
full length
of test pile:
40 m
1,007 m
Skin friction:
> 660 kN/m2
Base resistance:
> 4,280 kN/m2
Upper pile
segment
March 2014
Introduction High-rise buildings Tunnels Final remarks 25
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rolf Katzenbach Institute and Laboratory of Geotechnics
November 2015
Pile resistance:
Rpile,k,j s Rb,k,j s Rs,k,j s
Raft resistance:
CPRF coefficient:
m
R
j 1
pile , k , j (s)
CPRF
Rtot ,k ( s)
ISSMGE
Technical Committee TC 212 Deep Foundations
.
.
. Details:
International www.issmge.org/tc212
CPRF-Guideline
Settlements:
Savings in costs of
pile production 5.9 Mio. US$
CO2 reduction: 2,500 t
Introduction High-rise buildings Tunnels Final remarks 34
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rolf Katzenbach Institute and Laboratory of Geotechnics
Optimisation by
construction
in 2 directions:
Tow-down method
Struts
Primary Column
Excavation
Savings in costs of
pile production: 3.9 Mio. US$
CO2 reduction: 2,200 t
High-quality Independent
design and construction peer review & controlling
(4-eye-principle)
- adequate soil investigation - during planning phase
- soil-structure-interaction - during construction phase
- observational method - if necessary during service
- etc. phase (long-term behaviour)
Station
La Sagrera
Sagrada
Familia
Casa
Mil
Station
Sants
Gap 1: 3 cm
Gap 2: 6 cm
Gap 3: 29 cm
Gap 4: 10 cm
45
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rolf Katzenbach Institute and Laboratory of Geotechnics
Sagrada Familia
Casa Mil
1 km
Final remarks
52