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Design of Structural Steel Joints: Dr. Klaus Weynand Prof. Jean-Pierre Jaspart
Design of Structural Steel Joints: Dr. Klaus Weynand Prof. Jean-Pierre Jaspart
Steel Joints
Background information
Design guidelines
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
4 Welded connections
Design of Structural
Steel Joints
Introduction
Integration of joints into
structural design process
Moment resistant joints
Simple joints
Design tools
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
S j,ini
cd
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
? ?
Characterization Classification
Modelling Idealization
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Characterization
Search for a unified approach whatever the material
M
?
?
?
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Beam-to-beam
Column bases
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Splices
End plates
Cleats
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Economy
Reduced fabrication, transportation and erection costs
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Characterization (1)
Search for a unified approach
M
?
?
?
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Characterization (2)
Eurocode 3 Part 1-8
Beam-to-beam joints, splices, beam-to-column joints and column
bases:
welded connections
bolted connections (anchors for column bases)
First step
Identification of the
active components
F F F
Second step: F3,Rd
F2,Rd
F1,Rd
Response of the
E k1 E k2 E k3
components
M M j ,Rd min Fi ,Rd z
Third step: Mj,Rd E z2
Assembly of the S j ,ini
1
components Sj,ini
k
cd i
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
? ?
Characterization Classification
Modelling Idealization
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Classification (1) Mj
Rigid
Rigid
Stiffness
Semi-rigid
Semi-rigid
Sj,ini
Pinned
Pinned
Classification
Boundaries for boundaries
stiffness
Initialinitial
Joint joint stiffness
stiffness
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Classification (2) Mj
Full resistance
Full-strength
Resistance
Mj,Rd
Partial-strength
Partial resistance
Pinned
Pinned
Boundaries for
Classification strength
boundaries
Joint
Jointresistance
strength
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Classification (3)
Ductility
Mj
Brittle
Semi-ductile
Ductile
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
? ?
Characterization Classification
Modelling Idealization
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Modelling
JOINT BEAM-TO-COLUMN JOINTS BEAM COLUMN
MODELLING MAJOR AXIS BENDING SPLICES BASES
SIMPLE
SEMI-
CONTINUOUS
CONTINUOUS
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
? ?
Characterization Classification
Modelling Idealization
Design of Structural
Steel Joints
Introduction
Integration of joints into
structural design process
Moment resistant joints
Simple joints
Design tools
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Example
Single sided beam-to-column joint configuration, bolted end-plate connection
w= 4 M16 8.8
30 80 30 15
p=60 V
u=10 M 0 1,0
+ + 3 M 1 1,0
120 240 M
IPE220
+ + 10
60 HEB140
140 5
Material: S 235
To be evaluated:
Design moment resistance , initial stiffness
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
General data
Equivalent T-stub in tension
Ft
Column
Ft /4 Ft /4
hwc hc 2t fc 2rc 140 2 12 2 12 92mm
Ft /4 m e
Avc Ac 2bc t fc twc 2rc
4295,6 2 140 12 7 2 12 12 1307,6mm
Ft 2/4 l eff
w t fc 80 7
m 0,8 rc 0,812 26,9mm
2 2
bc w 140 80
e 30mm
2 2
General data
Beam w= 4 M16 8.8
30 80 30 15
p=60 u=10
+ + 3
120 240 z
IPE220
+ + 10
60
5
Lever arm 140
t fb 9, 2
z hb u p 220 10 60 165, 4 mm
2 2
W pl , yb f yb 285.406 235106
M c ,Rd (classe 1 section) 67,07 kNm
M0 1,0
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
General data
End plate mp2
w twb 80 5,9 mp
mp 0,8 2aw 0,8 2 3 33,66mm
2 2
bp w 140 80
ep 30mm
2 2
t 2p f yp 152 235
m pl , p 0, 25 0, 25 13.218 Nmm / mm
M0 1,0
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
General data
End plate
mp 33,66
1 0,53
mp ep 33,66 30
mp2 35,14
2 0,55
mp ep 33,66 30
5,5
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
General data
Bolts
1
Lb t fc t p 0,5 hbolt hnut 12 15 10 14,8 2 4 47, 4mm
2
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Resistance
0,9 Avc f y ,cw 0,9 1307,6 235 103
Vwc ,Rd 159,7 kN
F 3 M 0 3 1,0
Vwp Transformation parameter
M Assumption : 1
z Vwc ,Rd 159,7
FRd ,1 159,7 kN
Vwp 1
F
Stiffness coefficient
0,38 Avc 0,381307,6
k1 3,004mm
h 1165, 4
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
1 1
1 0,713
11,3 beff ,c ,wc twc / Avc 11,3 161, 27 7 1307,6
2 2
FRd ,2 kwc beff ,c ,wc twc f y ,wc / M 1 1 0,713 1161,27 7 23510 3 1,0 189,1kN
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Stiffness coefficient
Fi ki E i
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
1 1
1 0,749
11,3 beff ,t ,wc twc / Avc 11,3 145,1 7 1307,6
2 2
FRd ,3 beff ,t ,wc twc f y ,wc / M 0 0,749 145,1 7 235103 1,0 178,7 kN
Stiffness coefficient
Ft
Ft /4 Ft /4
Ft /4 m e
Ft /4 l eff
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Row 1
Row 2
Row 3
Row 3
w= 4 M16 8.8
30 80 30 15
p=60 u=10
V
+ + Row 1
3
120 240 M
IPE220 Row 2
+ + 10
60 HEB140
140 5
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Resistance
FRd ,4 min Ffc ,Rd ,t1 ; Ffc ,Rd ,t 2 ; Ffc ,Rd ,t 3 138,5kN
Stiffness coefficient
4leff ,t , p m pl , p 4 18513.218
Mode 1: Fep ,Rd ,1 103 291kN
mp 33,66
Stiffness coefficient
Resistance
FRd ,7 M c ,Rd / hb t fb
67,07
318, 2kN
210,8103
Stiffness coefficient
k7
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Resistance
FRd ,8 beff ,t ,wb twb f yb / M 0 185 5,9 235 103 1,0 256,5kN
Stiffness coefficient
k8
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Resistance
Stiffness coefficient
As 157
k10 1,6 1,6 5,30mm
Lb 47, 4
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Relevant component
M j,Rd
Stiffness
Initial stiffness
S j,ini
210000 165, 42 106
S j ,ini E h / 1 ki
2
6234 kNm / rad
1 1 1 1 1 1
i
3,004 8,589 7,728 11,59 14,73 5,30
Secant stiffness
M
M j,Rd
Sj,ini
2/3Mj,Rd
Sj Secant stiffness
Ersatzsteifigkeit:
S j = S j,ini /
Design of Structural
Steel Joints
Introduction
Integration of joints into
structural design process
Moment resistant joints
Simple joints
Design tools
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Braced frame
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
V0 M=0
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Background information
Design guidelines
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Mj
Rigid Sj,ini <<
Semi-rigid
Nominally pinned
Limits for classification of joints by stiffness
Initial stiffness of the joint
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Semi-rigid
Nominally pinned
Limits for classification of joints by stiffness
Initial stiffness of the joint
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Supposed
loading path
V
VRd
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Bolts in shear
End-plate in bearing
End-plate in shear (gross section)
End-plate in shear (net section)
End-plate in shear block
End-plate in bending
Beam web in shear
Welds in shear
Column flange in bearing
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Bending moment
Bolts in tension
Compression force
avail Rotation
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
hp
db hb
hp db
tp
he avail
he
tp
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
d f yp
2,8 for the end-plate
tp fub
d f ycf
2,8 for the supporting column
tp fub
Dedicated software
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Design assumption
Rigid joint
Frame analysis
MEd = 220 kNm
Failure mode:
End plate in bending
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Failure mode:
Column web panel in shear
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Failure mode:
Column web panel in shear
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Failure mode:
Column web panel in shear
Design of Structural
Steel Joints