1
1. ---- who will become schizophrenic. .
A) There seems to be a genetic predisposition
B) A cure is nowhere in sight
C) Neither doctors nor scientists can accurately
predict
D) They confuse the real and the imaginary
E) Treatment of the disorder is improving
2. In general, when credit demand is low, ----. .
A) it is not sensible to take out loans during deflation
B) following the wrong guideline could have been
catastrophic
C) interest rates measure the cost of credit, not the
price of money
D) interest rates are correspondingly low
E) precautionary savings were rising at this time
3. ---- that engineers do not restrict themselves to
technical matters. .
A) The engineering curriculum has long required
B) Many potential leaders were of the opinion
C) The courses involved substantial reading and
writing assignments
D) The aim was to attract a wider audience
E) He acquired a sophisticated knowledge of scientific
and technical matters
4. ---- even though shes still not prepared to
forgive herself. .
A) The wrong person got blamed
B) After all, she committed an error, not a crime
C) Others were also involved in the affair
D) A lot of people have forgiven her
E) She was wrongly accused
5. When glucose or fatty acids are limited, ----..
A) each antibody is designed to destroy just one
invader
B) cells are forced to use amino acids for energy and
glucose
C) plant proteins are of lower quality than animal
proteins
D) the body would have no storage site for extra
amino acids
E) in a normal, healthy individual, most diseases
never have a chance to get started
6. Laxatives provide an example ----. .
A) of how drugs can interfere with nutrient absorption
B) if they are taken daily over a long period of time
C) when the acidity of the digestive tract was affected
D) since the rate of absorption was excessive
E) that stimulate the secretion of digestive juices
7. Because energy production expends resources
and causes pollution, ----..
A) we depend upon nature to provide the basics of
life, such as food and oxygen
B) many resources are used once and then thrown
away
C) modern technical challenges are seldom met by
scientists
D) scientists and engineers must work to develop
energy-efficient processes
E) engineers must solve problems without even
understanding the underlying theory
8. If only she had come up with some positive
suggestions, ----..
A) the scheme certainly had very many drawbacks
B) nobody else is likely to complain
C) so far this is the best thesis to be submitted
D) the others will already have been rejected
E) I wouldnt have minded her criticism of the project
9. ---- while such African languages as Hausa and
Swahili continued to serve the everyday needs of
the masses..
A) During the colonial era in Africa, English became
the shared language of the administration and a
Western-educated lite
B) In colonial Africa, the teaching of English literature
is no longer popular
C) Modern African writers have found it necessary to
adapt certain aspects of English
D) Today, English is the official language of sixteen
countries in Africa
E) English as a second language has been taught in
Africa for nearly four hundred years
10. ---- but cannot be proved and is difficult to
assess..
A) The influence of Samuel Johnsons Dictionary of the
English Language on the development of the
language has been widely assumed
B) Samuel Johnsons Dictionary of the English
Language played a role in propagating a standard
spelling among the less literate
C) Samuel Johnson was an enthusiastic reader of
classical and English literature from his earliest
years
D) It took Samuel Johnson eight or nine years to
complete work on his Dictionary of the English
Language
E) With his Dictionary of the English Language,
Samuel Johnson provided a powerful but
conservative model of language usage
11. Before the 21st century has run its course, ----..
A) the powers of computers have expanded vastly due
to advanced research
B) countless technologies not envisioned yet will be
available to us
C) a great deal of scientific effort is being made to find
solutions to complex problems
D) most people in developed countries enjoy a state of
true health throughout their lives
E) our knowledge of the world around us has
improved to a great extent
12. Neanderthals were a recent evolutionary human
relative ----..
A) who lived in Europe and became extinct 30,000-
40,000 years ago
B) as researchers studying human origins debated this
question for decades
C) which are muscular and robust, with a brain similar
to ours in size
D) while the relationship between humans and
Neanderthals may best be described as sister
species
E) despite the fact that they had hands as nimble as
those of present-day humans, with a thumb and
fingers
13. The Welsh language has changed so little
through the centuries ----..
A) whose annual Eisteddfod celebration honours its
best poets and writers
B) that an educated Welshman can still read the
Welsh of the Middle Ages
C) as more and more English families settle in Wales,
bringing their habits with them
D) although Wales recently formed its own national
assembly
E) unless it embodies the kind, unambitious nature of
the Welsh people
14. By 1809, Swedens military power had waned to
such an extent ----..
A) as a new constitution transferred power from the
king to Parliament
B) so that it could no longer continue as a great power
C) that the country was forced to surrender part of its
territory to Russia
D) in that nearly one million Swedes migrated, mostly
to America
E) even though the Swedes had contributed to
Europes Age of Enlightenment with advances in
science
15. Road and rail connections in Italy are generally
better in the north, ----. .
A) because between the snowy peaks of the Alps and
the rugged shores of Sicily lies a whole series of
regions, each with its distinctive culture
B) but there are many other attractive historic towns
and cities
C) but people speak of two Italies: the rich industrial
North and the poorer agricultural South
D) just as the government has allocated extra funds
for road repairs
E) where Milan, Bologna and Verona are the key
transport centres
16. Though the smell of fumes in an aircraft cockpit
may not always spell danger, ----..
A) a forced landing could have been avoided
B) even a small sensor can detect a wide range of
chemicals
C) harmless fumes had been caused by a small leak of
oil
D) it is guaranteed to alarm the pilot
E) such a detector can easily be fitted into an aircraft
17. Because children enjoy the process of play, ----..
A) various other options had been taken into
consideration
B) they are not primarily focused on achieving a
product or achieving a goal
C) group demands begin to grow steadily
D) many alternative approaches also had to be tested
E) the acquisition of social skills is a positive asset
18. ---- when countered by antistress measures such
as exercising, enjoying time with friends and
cultivating a hobby..
A) The ladder of success is a hard one
B) There must be a balance between tension and
relaxation
C) Workloads seem lighter
D) Relaxation techniques are easy to learn
E) Stress can be understood in a variety of ways
19. If there is too much mineral accumulation in the
compost, ----..
A) roots get burnt and plants die
B) some plants need less fertilizer than others
C) the flowering season was greatly reduced
D) most plants grow far more quickly in wet areas
E) the growing conditions also need to be considered
20. ---- that the reasons for introducing the new-
design dollar bills were the persistent reports of
high quality counterfeits circulating in the Middle
East..
A) Following a US Secret Service probe, the US
Federal Reserve has wondered
B) Enormous quantities of dollar bills are held in
reserve in the US and overseas
C) All of them are old allegations made by the US
Federal Reserve
D) The US governments currency policy has been
sharply criticised
E) It has been claimed, but never confirmed by the US
Federal Reserve,
21. The United Nations officially recognized the
greenhouse effect in 1995, ----..
A) when its International Panel on Climate noted that
human activity had a discernible influence on
global temperatures
B) as the economies of developing nations will grow
over the next few decades
C) if developing nations were exempted from the
Kyoto Agreement
D) since the US government announced that it would
not participate in Kyoto Agreement
E) that the participating nations must make large and
costly changes in their energy systems
22. Oxygen, sugars and amino acids are allowed into
the brain ----..
A) as toxins could severely impair the brains
functioning
B) which provided early evidence of the blood-brain
barrier
C) but most other substances are kept out
D) that controls which molecules in the bloodstream
can enter the brain
E) just as no other organ is equally efficient
23. Africa Report is a weekly TV programme ----..
A) unless it showcases the very best in Africa
B) that focuses on business and investment in Africa
C) though it covers everything from economic reform to
rewarding investment opportunities
D) so it has 250 million viewers in Africa alone
E) as it is brought to you by the worlds leading business
channel
24. Environmentalists are criticizing the patent office
for delaying its decision on some new measuring
instruments ----..
A) while the guidelines have been consistently ignored
B) if applications for patents on plants are on the
increase
C) before objections were filed against patents on a
herbicide resistant plant
D) since they believe that these are urgently needed
to detect certain problems
E) as if the controversy had actually died down
25. ----, they operate as effective carriers and may
pass it on to other birds which are more
susceptible. .
A) Though many migratory birds are immune to the
effects of the avian flu virus
B) Since many residents of outlying villages have
refused to carry out the culling of their chickens to
prevent the spread of avian flu
C) Despite the fact that the avian flu virus is spread,
primarily, by migratory birds
D) As symptoms of bird flu in humans are similar to
those of common flu
E) If the spread of the avian flu virus through
populations of wild birds remains unchecked
26. Until China becomes the most powerful nation in
the world, with Chinese spoken universally, ----..
A) the problems of wide variations in English may well
be lessened
B) English will remain the primary language of science
and diplomacy
C) many countries in the world have shifted to printing
their scientific journals only in English
D) immigrants to the United States or Britain acquire
English rapidly and well
E) people who speak English and another language
have an advantage over those who speak only
English
27. ---- what makes Hong Kong so exhilarating..
A) Its hard to explain
B) Many travellers are curious
C) One soon becomes aware
D) It has been debated
E) We have been much impressed
28. ----, yet it is not possible to go much further 32. Climate change may alter the genetic
without any breakthroughs in battery composition of species, ----..
technology..

A) but assessment of any shift in this respect requires

A) Electric cars dont make economic sense in view of genetic data sampled over time
the harsh environmental regulations in force
B) even though, for most species, environmental
B) Electric cars have simply been a technological conditions have some impact on breeding
failure
C) despite the fact that recent analyses clearly show
C) Hybrid cars are certainly a step in the right the magnitude and direction of genetic shifts in
direction various populations

D) Any fuel savings resulting from electric or hybrid D) which, according to the evidence available, is
cars are likely to be offset by the cost of the cars geographically widespread from North Africa to
themselves Scandinavia

E) One fears that the hybrid car may be yet another E) so long as one can observe the genetic impact that
technological failure environmental differences have on living beings

29. ---- because he had led the country into four wars 33. ----, street crime in major Asian cities is still less
which he had lost, and brought economic ruin to common than in most European cities..
his people..

A) Since the governments are concerned

A) Serbia experienced widespread corruption under
Milosevic, who ruled the country as a dictator B) Because severe measures had been taken

B) Many Serbians felt humiliated by the atrocities C) Though it is rising sharply

commited in Bosnia by the Milosevic government
D) If one were to admit it
C) Milosevics rule in Serbia literally meant political
tyranny, which led to pro-democracy protests in the E) Before reliable statistical data can be obtained
country

D) Milosevic, the ex-president of Serbia, was protested 34. As he grew older, ----..
nationwide and then removed from power
A) he grew less active and less dogmatic
E) Today Serbias writers constantly remind their
people of the shameful past of their country under
B) hell start to interfere less with the affairs of the
Milosevic
company

30. Many of the larger companies in Somalia have C) hes not grown any wiser
issued shares, ----..
D) he now seems determined to assert his authority

A) if the lack of a government in the country poses a E) the more he plays the role of the big businessman
wide range of problems

B) since the local telecom offers the best and 35. ---- since the break-up of the Soviet Union..
cheapest phone service in Africa
A) Millions of Ukrainians have gone abroad in search
C) although there is no stock exchange or financial
of a living
authority of any sort in the country
B) Ukrainian migrants often took on menial jobs
D) but business leaders have taken steps to increase
the countrys foreign-trade capacity
C) Many Ukrainian women had been tempted
overseas by promises of glamorous careers
E) even if foreign aid might have benefits as well as
drawbacks
D) There were Ukrainian immigrants in Western
Europe working on farms
31. Traditionally, textbooks on British government
and politics have focused on institutions and E) From time to time Ukraine felt threatened
behaviour ----.. politically

A) whether it is appropriate to describe the British 36. The UN insists ----..

Constitution as uncodified rather than unwritten
A) even though Chinas economic growth must have
B) in case political institutions and issues are
had a perverse effect on democratization
inseparable and need to be discussed together
B) because China had underinvested in crucial social
C) just as a brief analysis of the leading types of
services, especially education and public health
government found in the modern world was left out
C) that China is under an unconditional obligation to
D) because one had to explore in detail the impact of
prohibit torture and ill-treatment
Thatcherism upon British politics
D) as Koreas political system is more likely to
E) while ignoring the controversies and issues which
experience decay than democracy
are the fundamentals of politics
E) since civil wars have devastated African
economies, leaving millions dead and millions more
displaced
37. The European Central Bank cant raise rates ----..
A) just as they would have benefited Europes largest
economies
B) because the Eurozones two largest economies,
France and Germany, need lower interest rates to
spur growth
C) since the European countries were particularly
scared of an approaching crash
D) while, in Spain, interest rates on mortgages were
almost zero
E) so long as real estate in Ireland and Spain had been
overvalued by 15 and 13 per cent respectively
38. ----, Afghanistan is still a country on edge..
A) As the UN Security Council passed two resolutions
in 1999 and 2000, demanding the Taliban cease
their support for terrorism
B) Unless President Hamid Karzai had an army of
20,000
C) Since 50 per cent of voters braved threats of
insurgent attacks to vote in the September
parliamentary elections
D) Ever since the Taliban seized control of Kabul in
September 1996
E) Four years after the US and its allies ousted the
Taliban from power
39. Although the British Royal Navy claims that it
was not operating any warships in the area at
the time, ----..
A) underwater noise hasnt been fully recognized as a
form of pollution
B) it must have been military sonar that killed the
whales and dolphins
C) there are no hard and fast guidelines for seismic
surveys
D) the UK would have had 25 warships which carried
active sonar
E) a number of marine mammals beached themselves
during this American military operation
40. Half of the increase in EU Aid for Trade is
specifically targeted toward the African,
Caribbean and Pacific countries (ACP), ----..
A) unless the European Commission set up this
programme to promote investment and technology
flow in these countries
B) although the EU has used trade to advance its
development cooperation objectives in the ACP
nations for decades
C) with which the EU is negotiating regional Economic
Partnership Agreements designed to remove all
tariff and quota barriers to the EU market
D) which could have enabled the least-developed
countries to use trade more effectively to achieve
their development goals
E) because the European Commission allocated
billions of dollars for cooperation with non-ACP
countries
41. ----, but just over 1 per cent of them spend the
night in Umbria, in the south of Tuscany..
A) Visitors to Lake Trasimeno will see few other
tourists
B) Perugia is home to a world-famous jazz festival in
the summer and a chocolate festival in the fall
C) In the town of Deruta, handmade gift-items fill
many shop Windows
D) Tuscany attracts more than 12 per cent of all
visitors to Italy
E) Scenic stone hilltowns such as Assisi and Gubbio
are among the main attractions
42. ----, where they are often seen floating in the
water like logs, with only their nostrils, eyes, and
ears above the surface..
A) The Mississippi alligator, the American crocodile,
and the Chinese alligator are the only other species
B) Crocodiles are found near swamps, lakes, and
rivers in Asia, Africa, Australia, and Central America
C) As recently as several decades ago, crocodiles
were plentiful in much of the tropics and subtropics
D) This would have helped crocodiles to adapt to
different environments
E) Crocodiles can grow up to 7 metres in length, and
have long, powerful tails that propel them when
swimming
43. While some argue that the Elgin Marbles, ----, are
more carefully preserved there, the Grek
government does not accept the legality of the
sale that took place in 1816 and believes they
belong in Athens..
A) after they were acquired from the Otoman
authorities of the time
B) since they are also called the Parthenon Marbles
C) so they are very famous indeed
D) which are kept in the British Museum in London
E) as if they were sold to the British nation
44. A colour-blind person cannot see any difference
between two colours ----..
A) while to people with normal sight they are clearly
different
B) as if red and green were completely different
C) if this were the case with traffic-lights
D) since this is a potentially dangerous situation
E) whether the top light or the bottom light signals
stop
45. All the major cities and islands of Spain have 49. Should the cabin pressure somehow be lost, ----..
airports, ----..

A) the oxygen canisters located above the passenger

A) but buses will be a faster and more frequently used seats in a plane provide oxygen to the passengers
option between smaller towns through masks

B) until Spain has an increasingly efficient
transportation system
C) even if both the road and rail networks were
greatly improved during the 1980s and in the run-
up to the Barcelona Olympics in 1992
D) so in much of rural Spain, public transportation is
limited and a car is the most practical solution for
getting around
E) though only a few of them cater to international
flights
B) the oxygen-generator canisters must be replaced
periodically to ensure that they will operate
properly when needed
C) the oxygen canister contains a core of sodium
chlorate, which is activated by a small explosive
charge
D) the airline maintenance rules made it clear that a
bright yellow safety cap must be installed on the
oxygen canisters
E) a small explosion was initiated when a passenger
pulled the oxygen mask toward herself

46. In the US in 1882, Peter J. McGuire, who is

generally given credit for the idea of Labor Day, 50. Although stem cells are found in many tissues, -
suggested to the Central Labor Union of New ---..
York ----..

A) they have great potential to treat diseases

A) if there was any particular significance for the date
B) that there should be a holiday honouring American
workers
C) whether the significance of Labor Day in the US
had changed
D) whereas, in many other countries, May Day serves
a similar purpose
B) the most promising ones seem to be those in bone
marrow
C) specialists have been very enthusiastic
D) special staining techniques revealed that the cells
were indeed dividing
E) the results of that study have yet to be announced

E) when the first Monday in September was to be

known as Labor Day

47. Germany is similar in many ways to France, Italy

and the UK ----..

A) unless it attaches primary importance to both

multilateral and bilateral diplomacy

B) as though the EU were essentially in control of

environmental policies

C) where the foreign policy process in Germany had to

agree to a compromise in recent years

D) although this had led to arguments concerning the

proper role of the German Foreign Ministry in
shaping and implementing policy

E) in that it is one of just a few European states which

attempt to maintain worldwide representation

48. Shortly after the Golden Gate Bridge was

opened, ----. .

A) some aesthetic and artistic concerns may have

dominated the visual design of the bridge

B) it has been an enormously successful bridge by

most aesthetic and functional criteria

C) its roadway proved to be overly flexible under

certain wind conditions

D) the design of the bridges towers was tested on

scale models, and construction of the bridge
started

E) a number of such structures were acting similarly

SORU CEVAP SORU CEVAP

1 C 41 D

2 D 42 B

3 A 43 D

4 D 44 A

5 B 45 E

6 A 46 B

7 D 47 E

8 E 48 C

9 A 49 A

10 A 50 B

11 B

12 A

13 B

14 C

15 E

16 D

17 B

18 C

19 A

20 E

21 A

22 C

23 B

24 D

25 A

26 B

27 A

28 C

29 D

30 C

31 E

32 A

33 C

34 A

35 A

36 C

37 B

38 E

39 B

40 C