UCAYALI & ENE

BASINS
Technical
Report
As part of

The Hydrocarbon Potential of the Southern

Sub-Andean Basins Project
Ucayali, Ene and Madre de Dios Basins

by

PARSEP
Proyecto de Asistencia para la Reglamentacin del Sector
Energtico del Per

TEKNICA PERUPETRO S.A.

Gary Wine (Project Leader) Elmer Martnez (Senior

Bob Parker (Senior Geophysicist) Geophysicist/Perupetro Coordinator)
Justo Fernandez (Senior Geologist)
Ysabel Caldern (Geologist)
Carlos Galdos (Geophysicist)

December 2002
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................0

FIGURES......................................................................................................................3
TABLES........................................................................................................................5
ENCLOSURES ............................................................................................................5
APPENDIX...................................................................................................................6
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................8
1.0 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................10
2.0 SCOPE OF PROJECT .......................................................................................12
3.0 PREVIOUS WORK IN THE STUDY AREA ..................................................15
4.0 GEOLOGY OF THE UCAYALI/ENE AREA ................................................17
4.1 GENERAL BASIN DESRIPTION...................................................................17
4.2 REGIONAL GEOLOGY..................................................................................18
4.2.1 Pre-Andean System ....................................................................................18
4.2.2 Andean System ...........................................................................................22
4.3 GEOLOGY OF THE UCYALI/ENE PROJECT AREA..................................26
4.3.1 Project Overview .......................................................................................26
4.3.2 Stratigraphy of the Ucayali/Ene Area........................................................28
4.3.2.1 Basement.............................................................................................29
4.3.2.2 Ordovician...........................................................................................29
4.3.2.3 Silurian................................................................................................29
4.3.2.4 Devonian - Cabanillas Group.............................................................29
4.3.2.6 Late Carboniferous to Early Permian - Tarma/Copacabana Group...31
4.3.2.7 Late Permian .......................................................................................36
Shinai Member.............................................................................................39
Red Bed Group/Mainique ............................................................................39
Permian/Cretaceous Basin Evolution Camisea Area................................41
4.3.2.8 Triassic to Jurassic ..............................................................................41
Mitu..............................................................................................................41
Pucar Group ...............................................................................................42
Evaporites (Salt)...........................................................................................43
Sarayaquillo .................................................................................................44
4.3.2.9 Cretaceous...........................................................................................45
Cushabatay...................................................................................................46
Agua Caliente...............................................................................................48
Chonta ..........................................................................................................48
Vivian Formation .........................................................................................49
4.3.2.10 Tertiary..............................................................................................49
4.3.3 Structural Analysis of the Ucayali/Ene Area ..............................................50
4.3.3.1 Devonian Faults ..................................................................................51
4.3.3.2 Late Paleozoic Faults/Structures.........................................................51
4.3.3.3 Late Andean Foreland Faults/Structures.............................................52
4.3.3.4 Cushabatay High.................................................................................52

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 4.3.3.5 Contaya Arch ......................................................................................54
4.3.3.6 Shira Mountains ..................................................................................54
4.3.3.7 Fold and thrust belt of the Ene and western Ucayali Basin ................55
North and Central Areas ..............................................................................55
Oxapampa and Ene Basin Areas..................................................................55
Camisea Area ...............................................................................................61
4.3.3.8 Structural Profiles ...............................................................................64
Section A (Enclosure 3a) .............................................................................64
Section B (Enclosure 3b) .............................................................................65
Section C (Enclosure 3c) .............................................................................65
Section D (Enclosure 3d) .............................................................................66
Section E (Enclosure 3e)..............................................................................66
Section F (Enclosure 3f) ..............................................................................66
5.0 GEOPHYSICS ....................................................................................................68
5.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................68
5.2 DATA QUALITY.............................................................................................69
5.3 WELL TIES ......................................................................................................69
5.3.1 Ucayali North.............................................................................................69
5.3.2 Ucayalii South............................................................................................69
5.4 HORIZONS INTERPRETED ..........................................................................70
5.5 MAPS PLOTTED.............................................................................................70
5.5.1 General Comments.....................................................................................71
5.5.2 Time Structure Maps Ucayali North.......................................................72
5.5.2.1 Pozo (Figure 30, Enclosure 4a)...........................................................72
5.5.2.2 Base Cretaceous (Figure 31, Enclosure 4b)........................................74
5.5.2.3 Copacabana (Figure 32, Enclosure 4c) ................................................74
5.5.2.4 Contaya (Figure 33, Enclosure 4d) .....................................................74
5.5.3 Isochron Maps Ucayali North ................................................................74
5.5.3.1 Pozo to Base Cretaceous (Figure 34, Enclosure 4e). ..........................74
5.5.3.2 Base Cretaceous Contaya Isochron (Figure 35, Enclosure 4f) ........74
5.5.4 Time Structures Maps Ucayali South .....................................................75
5.5.4.1 Upper Cretaceous (Figure 36, Enclosure 5a)......................................75
5.5.4.2 Base Cretaceous (Figure 37, Enclosure 5b)........................................75
5.5.4.3 Tarma (Figure 38, Enclosure 5c) .........................................................76
5.5.4.4 Top Devonian (Figure 39, Enclosure 5d) ............................................76
5.5.4.5 Basement (Figure 40, Enclosure 5e)...................................................78
5.5.5 Isochron Maps Ucayali South.................................................................79
5.5.5.1 Cretaceous Isochron (Upper to Base) (Figure 41, Enclosure 5f).........79
5.5.5.2 Upper Cretaceous Tarma Isochron (Figure 42, Enclosure 5g) ........79
5.5.5.3 Lower Paleozoic (Devonian-Basement) Isochron (Figure 43,
Enclosure 5h) ...................................................................................................79
5.5.6 Cretaceous Channel Play Ucayali South................................................81
5.5.7 Future work to be done ..............................................................................82
6.0 WELL SUMMARY ............................................................................................83
7.0 PETROLEUM GEOLOGY ...............................................................................84
7.1 GEOCHEMISTRY ...........................................................................................84
7.1.1 General ......................................................................................................84
7.1.2 Source Rocks..............................................................................................84

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 7.2 RESERVOIRS/SEALS.....................................................................................85
7.3 PROSPECTS/LEADS.......................................................................................87
7.3.1 Structural Prospects...................................................................................87
7.3.1.1 Rashaya Norte.....................................................................................87
7.3.1.2 Rio Caco Sur .......................................................................................88
7.3.2 Stratigraphic Leads....................................................................................89
7.3.2.1 Cushabatay South Pucar Lead (CSPL) .............................................89
7.3.2.2 Mashansha Channel ............................................................................91
8.0 CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................92
9.0 SELECTED REFERENCES .............................................................................94

FIGURES
Figure 1: Area of investigation of the PARSEP Group for the Southern Sub-Andean Basins of
Peru. ......................................................................................................................10
Figure 2: Location of the Seismic and Wells utilized in the study of the Ucayali Basin .............13
Figure 3: Location of Madre de Dios Basin area and the available seismic data (in red) ..........14
Figure 4: Stratigraphic Columns for the Sub-Andean Basins of Peru, highlighting the Ucayali
Basin......................................................................................................................19
Figure 5: Composite seismic line through the South-Central portion of the Ucayali Basin
showing a) the magnitude of the Devonian-Ordovician (?) rift Basins, b) the onlap
relationship of the Carboniferous Ambo onto the Eohercynian Unconformity, and c) the
truncation of the Paleozoic sequences beneath the Nevadan Unconformity at the Base of
Cretaceous..............................................................................................................20
Figure 6: Seismic Line in the south central Ucayali Basin showing a significant amount of
erosion on the pre Ambo sequences (Devonian) beneath the Eohercynian Unconformity (dk.
blue reflector). ........................................................................................................21
Figure 7: Seismic line OR-95-08 in the northern Contaya Arch area showing the evolution of a
Late Permian to early Mesozoic extensional basin through the use of different datums
(flattenings) (after PARSEP, 2002) ............................................................................24
Figure 8: (After Tankard, 2001) Late Triassic Middle Jurassic paleogeography. The locus of
sedimentation was the extensional tract between the Contaya (csz) and Shionayacu (ssz)
shear zones. Isopachs show that the stratigraphy terminated abruptly against NE-striking
faults, and for this reason they are described as basin sidewall faults. psz, Pucalpa shear
zone; sol, Solimoes Basin. .........................................................................................25
Figure 9: Isochron map of the Ambo Group in the southern Ucayali Basin ............................30
Figure 10: An example of a 50 to 60 meter anhydrite unit within the upper Copacabana section
that has been repeated by a thrust fault. The log on the right is the hanging wall section
and the one on the right, the footwall section. Note: The repeated section has been
removed in the Huaya 3X well in the stratigraphic stratigraphic cross-sections 1 and 2....32
Figure 11: West to East seismic line through the Panguana well showing a) how the Copacabana
has been erosionally reduced beneath the Base Cretaceous unconformity and b) The
anomalously thick section of pre-Ambo sediments intersected in the Panguana well. The
Basement pick is very interpretive and base largely on the results of the Panguana 1X well.
..............................................................................................................................32
Figure 12: Distribution of the Ene Formation as mapped seismically in the Ucayali Basin. The
seismic line shown in Figure 14 is located on this map ..................................................34
Figure 13: NW/SE stratigraphic cross-section flattened in the Upper Permian unconformity
shows the late Permian post Tarma/Copacabana Group stratigraphy. Orellana 1X is in the
SE Maraon Basin. ..................................................................................................35

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Figure 14: Seismic line CP739801 (located on Figure 12) through a thick preserved Permian
section in the Northern Ucayali Basin. In an alternative interpretation, the Top
Copacabana was picked at an alternative reflector, the pink mk below the Grn Sdst. If this
surface were a significant unconformity, as it would appear from this seismic
interpretation, this horizon would most likely represent the Devonian unconformity so
readily visible in the southern Ucayali Basin, thereby supporting the interpretation
presented above. ......................................................................................................36
Figure 15: Stratigraphic cross-section flattened on Base Cretaceous shows detailed late Permian
stratigraphy. Note excellent log correlation in Shinai, and two 10 m. thick anhydrite beds in
the Middle Mudstone Formation and anhydrite beds in the Noi Sandstone Patsite Member.
..............................................................................................................................37
Figure 16: Evolution of the post-Copacabana Permian and Cretaceous sequences in the Camisea
area through flattenings in Noi, Shinai, Lower Nia, Mid Mudstone or Base-Cretaceous,
Agua Caliente, Chonta and Vivian Formations ...........................................................40
Figure 17: Isochron Map of the salt swells in the western Ucayali Basin. Cold colors represent
thins and hot colors represent thicks. .........................................................................44
Figure 18: Seismic line across the Aguaytia structure showing the presence of salt (?) within an
Andean inverted, early Mesozoic-aged graben. ...........................................................45
Figure 19: Isopach of the Cretaceous in the Ucayali Basin from well control with the significant
pinchout (onlap) edges of the Cretaceous sequences highlighted. Note the dramatic
thinning of the Cretaceous from northwest to southeast. ..............................................47
Figure 20: Seismic Profile 3 from PARSEP (2002a), extending from the Huallaga Basin (left) to
the Ucayali Basin (right) showing the interpreted inverted nature of the Cushabatay High,
late Permian-early Triassic half graben. .....................................................................53
Figure 21: Map of the Shira Mountains (Pajonal High), Pachitea Basin and the Oxapamapa and
Ene Basin Fold and thrust Belt showing the major tectonic features (after Elf, 1996a). Elf
has divided the Ene Basin into three regions, the northern, central and southern Ene Basins
..............................................................................................................................56
Figure 22: Structural profile through the central Ene Basin modeled from the interpretation of
seismic line Elf96-09 (after Elf, 1996c). In this region, the principal detachment surface and
zone of multiple imbrications, is interpreted to be within the Cabanillas Formation. The
Elf interpretation has the western margin of the Shira Mountains as an old high
controlled by a series of down to the west normal faults of substantial displacement that
acted as a buttress to eastern the advancing thrust front. .............................................57
Figure 23: Magnetic Map (reduced to pole total field) of the Ene Basin showing the contrast in
magnetic characteristics been the northern Ene Basin and the Central and Southern Basins
across the Tambo Fault zone. ....................................................................................58
Figure 24: Evolution of the of the Tambo Fault zone (After Elf, 1996a) Two alternative
explanations with the inactive paleogeographic limit scenario being favored. ..................59
Figure 25: Location of present day seismicity in the Ene Basin and surrounding area (from Elf,
1996c). ...................................................................................................................60
Figure 26: Late Cretaceous Tertiary paleogeography in which the locus of subsidence and
deposition was the Maraon Oriente basin area. co, Contaya high; cob, boundary
between continental and oceanic crust; csz, Contaya shear zone; cu, Cushabatay high; Cv,
Cordillera Vilcabamba range and shear zone; fc, Fitzcarrald anticline; Hu, Huallaga basin;
j-n, Jambeli-Naranjal shear zone; MdD, Madre de Dios range; Pr, Progreso basin; s, oil
seeps; Sa, Santiago basin; Ta, Talara basin; Tr, Trujillo basin; Uc, Ucayali basin; vu,
Vuana fault. (after Tankard 2002). ............................................................................62
Figure 27: Series of three seismic lines aligned on the San Martin Anticline showing the
northeast propogation of the thrust front into the southern Ucayali Basin from west to east.
..............................................................................................................................63
Figure 28: Radar image of western regions of the Ucayali Basin crossed by Section C. Section B
is located parallel to D but just off the map to the north. ..............................................65
Figure 29: Seismic SHL-UBA-22 showing the San Martin structure on the South end of the line,
and an un-drilled structure just over half way along the line. The two red horizons mark
the Cretaceous interval. The blue pick is Top Devonian, the cyan is Basement. ...............72
Figure 30: Pozo Time Structure, Ucayali North. ..................................................................73

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Figure 31: Base Cretaceous Time Structure, Ucayali North. .................................................73
Figure 32: Copacabana Time Structure, Ucayali North. .......................................................73
Figure 33: Contaya Time Structure, Ucayali North..............................................................73
Figure 34: Pozo-Base Cretaceous Isochron (Ucayali North)..................................................73
Figure 35: Base Cretaceous Contaya Isochron (Ucayali North) ...........................................73
Figure 36: Upper Cretaceous Time Structure, Ucayali South. ..............................................75
Figure 37: Base Cretaceous Structure Time, Ucayali South..................................................76
Figure 38: Tarma Time Structure, Ucayali South. .............................................................77
Figure 39: Top Devonian Time Structure, Ucayali South. ....................................................77
Figure 40: Basement Time Structure, Ucayali South. ..........................................................78
Figure 41: Cretaceous Isochron, Ucayali South. ..................................................................79
Figure 42: Upper Cretaceous Tarma Isochron, Ucayali South. ...........................................80
Figure 43: Lower Paleozoic Isochron, Ucayali South. ...........................................................80
Figure 44: Seismic Lines rep35-124, 126 and 128 (top to bottom), over the channel feature
discussed in the text. Note the high amplitude event in the middle of the channel on line 126.
..............................................................................................................................81
Figure 45: Cretaceous channel Isochron, Ucayali South. ......................................................82
Figure 46: TWT Map on Base of Cretaceous along the Runuya/Rio Caco/Tamaya anticline
showing the undrilled structure remaining at Rio Caco Sur ..........................................88
Figure 47: Seismic line across the Rio Caco structure highlighted on the preceding Figure. .....89
Figure 48: Location of Seismic Line CP739801 ...................................................................89
Figure 49: Seismic line CP739801 through the CSPL lead, a Pucar play where high energy
carbonates are expected to have been deposited over a Copacabana erosional high. The
upper section is a time section, the middle section is flattened on the Base Cretaceous and
the bottom section is flattened on the Pucar. .............................................................90

TABLES

Table 1: Seismic surveys used in the Ucayali study .............................................................68

Table 2: Wells used for synthetic seismogram ties (Ucayali South). ........................................69

ENCLOSURES
Only in Hardcopy (in digital to request)
1. Ucayali Basin Location Maps
a. Location map of blocks, wells, and seismic
b. Location map of cross-sections, wells, and seismic
c. Location map of geological profiles, Enclosures 2(a to c) wells, and seismic
2. Geological Maps of the Ucayali to Madre de Dios Basins with wells and seismic
a. Northern Ucayali Basin (southern Maraon Basin, Huallaga Basin, Contaya
Arch)
b. Central Ucayali Basin (Oxapampa, northern Shira Mountains, La Colpa)
c. Southern Ucayali and Ene Basins (southern Shira Mountains, Camisea)
d. Northern Madre de Dios Basin (Karene, Cariyacu, Brazilian and Bolivian
Borders)
e. Southern Madre de Dios Basin (fold belt, Candamo 1X)
3. Geological Profiles

5
 a. Structural Section A-A' from SW to NE (Fold thrust belt, SE Cushabatay High,
Santa Clara, Orellana)
b. Structural Section B-B' from SWW to NEE (Fold thrust belt, Pisqui area,
Cashiboya south)
c. Structural Section C-C' from W to E (Fold thrust belt, Aguaytia, Moa Divisor)
d. Structural Section D-D' from W to E (Fold thrust belt, Chio, Agua Caliente,
East Tamaya)
e. Structural Section E-E' from W to E (Oxapampa Area, Shira mountains)
f. Structural Section F-F from SSW to NNE (Camisea, Panguana)
4. Northern Ucayali Basin Seismic Maps
a. TWT time structure Map Pozo
b. TWT time structure Map Base Cretaceous
c. TWT time structure Map Cabanillas
d. TWT time structure Map Contaya
e. Isochron Pozo to Base Cretaceous
f. Isochron Base Cretaceous to Contaya
5. Southern Ucayali Basin Seismic Maps
a. TWT time structure Map Upper Cretaceous
b. TWT time structure Map Base Cretaceous
c. TWT time structure Map Tarma
d. TWT time structure Map Top Devonian
e. TWT time structure Map Basement
f. Isochron Cretaceous
g. Isochron Upper Cretaceous to Tarma
h. Isochron Top Devonian to Basement

Digital (to request)

6. Ucayali Basin SEGY Data on Exabyte Tape
7. CDs containing
a. Report
b. Appendices and Enclosures

APPENDIX
Hardcopy
1. Wells drilled in the Ucayali Basin and their status
2. Cross sections across the Ucayali Basin
a. Section 1: Orellana to Cashiboya Sur
b. Section 2: Orellana to Panguana
c. Section 3: Pisqui to Chonta
d. Section 4: Coninca to San Martin
e. Section 5: Pisqui to Mina San Vicente Area
f. Section 6: Chio to Cashiboya Sur
g. Section 7: Chio to Shahuinto
h. Section 8: Mina San Vicente Area to Shahuinto
i. Section 9: Camisea Pongo Mainique to Panguana
j. Section 10: Shahuinto to San Martin
k. Location Map of Stratigraphic Cross-Sections
3. Graphical presentation of wells drilled between 1990 and 2002 in the Ucayali Basin and
the Camisea Discovery Wells
a. Agua Caliente 31X
b. Cachiyacu 1X
c. Chio 1X
d. Insaya 1X
e. Mashansha 1X
f. Pagoreni 1X
g. Panguana 1X
h. Rashaya Sur 1X

6
 i. San Alejandro 1X
j. Shahuinto 1X
k. Camisea - Cashiriari 1X
l. Camisea - San Martin 1X

Digital (CD - Enclosure 7b)

4. Listing of PARSEP Seismic Lines in SEGY Excel Spreadsheet
5. Access Well Database of Ucayali New Field Wildcats (NFW) Access DB
6. Composite Well Logs LAS Files of Ucayali NFW
7. Northern Ucayali Seismic Interpretation ASCII Data
a. Horizon File
b. Fault File
8. Southern Ucayali Seismic Interpretation ASCII Data
a. Horizon File
b. Fault File
9. Ucayali Basin SEGY Seismic Navigational Data

7
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Project Description

The Ucayali/Ene Basin Report is another in a series of reports generated by PARSEP

(Projecto de Asistencia para La Reglamentacion del Sector Energetico del Peru), on
the hydrocarbon potential of the Sub-Andean basins of Peru. The methodology is
similar to the Maranon and other basinal reports already generated. The data, both
well and seismic (from the archives of PeruPetro), was generated in digital format so
that the work could be done on computer workstations for speed and efficiency.

Geology

The Ucayali Basin is one of the sub-Andean Basins of Peru with a prospective area of
105,000 km2 and some 5,000m of sedimentary infill. The Basin borders on the
Brazilian Shield to the east and extends 650 km in length south from the Maraon
Basin to the Madre de Dios Basin and 250 km in width east from the Fold Thrust Belt
to beyond the Brazilian border. In the context of this study, the Ene Basin is
considered to be simply a continuation of the thin-skinned deformation front which
extends south from the Huallaga Basin and through the Oxapampa wells located
directly north of the Ene Basin as it is currently defined.

The Ucayali Basin includes thick sedimentary stratigraphic sequences that extend far
beyond the present Ucayali Basin and merge with the greater Maraon and the Acre
and Solimoes basins in Brazil and eventually pinch out onto the Brazilian and Guiana
Shields. The geological evolution of the greater Ucayali Basin area is controlled by
two regional tectonic systems recognized in the sub-Andean basins of Peru. The first,
the pre-Andean System, encompasses three cycles of Ordovician, Devonian and
Permo-Carboniferous ages overlying the Precambrian basement of the Guyana and
Brazilian Shields. The second, the Andean System, was initiated with the beginning
of subduction along the western margin of Peru. It encompasses several mega-
stratigraphic sequences and numerous minor sedimentary cycles, ranging from Late
Permian to the Present.

The dominant structural form of the Basin is major basement-involved thrusting

which in many cases is the result of reactivated Paleozoic normal faults, and along its
western margin, it is one of detached thrusts along almost its entirety. The western
thrust front can be divided into three segments; the northern Ucayali FTB, the
Oxapampa/Ene FTB and the Camisea FTB. The first two are separated by a lateral
ramp and the later two are divided by the Shira Mountains.

At present, three oilfields (Agua Caliente, Maquia and Pacaya) and five gas-
condensate fields (Aguaytia, San Martin, Cashiriari, Pagoreni and Mipaya) have been
discovered in the Ucayali Basin. Maquia and Agua Caliente fields are currently the
only producing oil fields, with the Pacaya Field being shut-in. Of the four gas
condensate fields only Aguaytia is on production although the Camisea fields are
under development and expected to be on production in the near future. The main

8
reservoirs in the Basin are Cretaceous continental and marine sandstones with
subordinate Upper Permian lacustrine, eolian and restricted marine sandstones.

Wells

Standardized composite well logs were generated for all the wells with available logs,
and used to create a grid of cross-sections over the Basin. Approximately 40 wells
were used in this study.

Seismic

As the well coverage in this basin is relatively sparse, the study is largely driven by
seismic interpretation. This meant that the seismic data had to be loaded onto
workstations for interpretation. Upon doing so it was found that several of the data
sets did not tie properly. A considerable amount of time was lost in analyzing the
errors and correcting the positional data to a standard datum in this case, a UTM
WGS-84 grid and re-loading all the data. The seismic data was interpreted in two
sections, designated Ucayali North and Ucayali South. The northern half was
interpreted and mapped using Kernel Technologys WinPics software on a PC
platform; Ucayali South was interpreted and mapped on Schlumberger GeoQuest
IESX software on a Sun Platform running in a UNIX environment.

Interpretation

The interpretation for the Ucayali project is supported by ten regional stratigraphic
cross sections, designed to include almost all the wells in the Basin and six regional
structural profiles. A total of ten two-way time structure maps were generated from
the geophysical interpretation, along with six Isochron maps.

An attempt has been made within the time framework of this study to produce a
standardized stratigraphic column for the Ucayali Basin. This attempt has been
partially successful, but there are still a number of unanswered questions that may
form the basis of further study.

The Ucayali/Ene Basin Study was intended to be a regional work, integrating as much
data as possible within the Basin to investigate whether new exploration concepts,
etc., could be defined. It was not intended to be an exploration exercise where the
ultimate goal is in defining drillable prospects. Ultimately however, in a study such
as this, certain prospects and leads do emerge. During the process of this evaluation
two structural prospects and two stratigraphic leads were defined. It should be noted
that there are numerous other structural leads in the Basin and these have been well
documented in other Perupetro reports. The two stratigraphic leads, the Mashansha
Channel Play and the Cushabatay South Pucar play, on the other hand are new
concepts and believed to be only partially representative of what can be found when a
concentrated effort in exploring for stratigraphic traps is applied.

9
 1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Southern Sub-Andean Basin Project is the last of several by the PARSEP Group
on the evaluation of the hydrocarbon potential of the Sub-Andean Basins of Peru.
PARSEP is an acronym for Proyecto de Asistencia para La Reglamentacin del
Sector Energtico del Per and is a joint venture between the governments of Peru
and Canada. The parties comprising PARSEP are: the Canadian International
Development Agency (CIDA), the Canadian Petroleum Institute (CPI), Teknica
Overseas Ltd. (TOL), and PERUPETRO. The technical work on this project is being
done by personal from TOL and PERUPETRO. The basins evaluated previously
were in Northeastern Peru, and included the Huallaga, Santiago and Maraon Basins.

Southern Sub-Andean
Basins of Peru
Study Area

Figure 1: Area of investigation of the PARSEP Group for the Southern Sub-Andean Basins of
Peru.

This phase of the project was originally proposed to complete three independent
studies on the Ucayali, Ene and Madre de Dios Basins. The Ene Basin after
reviewing the regional geology, however is considered for all intensive purposes to be
part of the Ucayali Basin by the PARSEP Group and consequently its evaluation has
been incorporated within contents of this study. There was a debate whether to
include the Madre de Dios Basin as well but it was ultimately decided to do a separate
report on this Basin. This restructuring has resulted in this PARSEP study being
called the Ucayali/Ene Basin Technical Report

10
Unlike the previous PARSEP studies, the one on the Ucayali/Ene Basin is not as
complete an evaluation as the one done for the Maraon Basin (PARSEP 2002) in that
certain sections such as geochemistry, basin modeling and prospective areas have
been reduced or omitted. The emphasis of the last years work has been on data
gathering, quality controlling and correcting the data, and in defining the stratigraphic
and structural framework of the Basin. Despite receiving critical data sets needed for
the interpretation within the last month of the study to complete this analysis, most of
these objectives have been met. This study represents an excellent staging point from
which a more detailed examination of the Basin can be continued.

All the SEGY data utilized in this project was supplied by Perupetro and was
interpreted primarily utilizing a Schlumberger GeoQuest UNIX based seismic
interpretation software and with Kernel Technologys WinPICs PC based seismic
interpretation software. The seismic data was tied (bulk-shifted, phase rotated and
amplitude-tied) utilizing Kernel Technologys SMAC software. On the geological
side, Geographixs and DigiRule software were used extensively for mapping, well log
preparation and cross-section construction. Microsoft Access was utilized to design a
standardized, exportable well database in the same format carried forward from the
previous PARSEP Studies.

The PARSEP Team would like to thank Perupetro, CPI and Teknica for their
technical and logistical support on this project and CIDA for making this project a
possibility through their financial support.

11
 2.0 SCOPE OF PROJECT

When this project was initiated it was intended to be a regional geological and
geophysical evaluation of the southeastern Peruvian Sub-Andean Basins focusing on
the identification of new play types. It was hoped not to be a rework of previous
Ucayali/Ene Basin studies of which there have been a number of excellent ones. The
focus was to examine the Basin in slightly a different manner than others had before
in the past. The manner in which to do this was though the interpretation of a
seamless digital seismic and well data set, with each being tied to one another
combined with an analysis of the exploratory drilling history in the Basin since 1990.
Supplementing the work done by the PARSEP Group were two additional studies:

1. Geochemical: by Hans Von Der Dick, ChemTerra International Ltd.

2. Tectonic: by Tony Tankard, Tankard Enterprises

Although both of these studies were originally initiated for the Maraon Basin study
(PARSEP, 2002), they were sufficiently regional in nature to have application for this
evaluation of the Ucayali Basin.

One of the more time consuming aspects of this evaluation was the standardization
and quality control of the data. Digital curve data was compiled and corrected for
each of the New Field Wildcats in the Basin (Figure 2). A composite log for each
well was constructed, which if available included a Caliper, SP, Gamma Ray, Deep
and Shallow Resistivity, Density, Neutron and Sonic curve. These composite logs are
available as an LAS file as part of this report. A series of 9 cross-sections were strung
across the Basin to standardize the stratigraphy that was to be utilized in the
geological mapping module of this project. Where possible, a synthetic for each of
the wells was made and tied to seismic. A standardized well database in Access was
developed in which is included every new field wildcat well in the Basin with
standardized well tops, and other information when available was input.

The principal seismic data set utilized and interpreted in the project consisted of over
14,000 kilometers of 2D SEGY data, which represents coverage throughout most of
the Basin (Figure 2). Perhaps one of the more notable accomplishments of this study
was in the assemblage of this data set. Seismic data acquisition on this project began
in November 2001 and has continued on through to the time of this writing. Clearly
the lack of readily accessible data in the earlier stages of this project was a major
roadblock for the group with respect to the completion of this study. A further
complication was the realization that after 50% of the data had been loaded and
partially interpreted on the workstation, was that the navigational data supplied to the
group was incorrect. To correct this Perupetro brought in a contractor to correct the
errors by going back to the original field records and maps. All data was then
standardized to a UTM WGS-84 grid, and reloaded. Despite all these quality control
steps, the data set although much better than what was previously available, is far
from being perfect. One of the current discrepancies is between wells and seismic
locations as there is not an exact 1 to 1

12
 SantaSanta
ClaraClara
1A 1X
Rayo 1X

Huaya 4X
Insaya 1X
Huaya 3X

Maquia 1X
Cachiyacu 1X

Amaquiria 1X
Pacaya 1X
Inuya 1X

Cashiboya 1A

Cashiboya Sur 1X

Pisqui 1X
Coninca 1X
Coninca 2X
Tiruntan 1X

Tahuaya 1X

Rashaya Sur 1X

Aguaytia 1X
Zorrillo 1X

Aguaytia Sur 4XD

Neshuya 1X

San Alejandro 1X Tamaya 1X

Chio 1X
Agua Caliente
Agua Caliente 1A
1X

Chonta 1X

Huallaga
Platanal 1X

Northern Ucayali
Sanuya 1X

Shahuinto 1X
Rio Caco 1X

Fold and Thrust

La Colpa 1X

Belt
Runuya 1X

Shira Mountains
Oxapampa 17C 1

Oxapampa 19 1
Oxapampa 19 2

Oxapampa 07 2
Oxapampa 07 1 Oxapampa/ Ene
Fold and Thrust Mashansha 1X

Belt

Sepa 1X Panguana 1X

Camisea
Ene Mipaya 1X

Fold and
Basin Pagoreni 1X

San Martin 1X Thrust

Armihuari 4X
Cashiriari 3X

0 km 50 km

0 Miles 30 Miles

Figure 2: Location of the Seismic and Wells utilized in the study of the Ucayali Basin

13
correlation. Well coordinates were obtained from a multitude of sources utilizing
different grid systems. After converting the locations to a UTM WGS-84 grid, a best-
fit approach was taken utilizing various data sets as certain groups of wells from one
data set fell nicely on seismic line intersections in one part of the Basin and not in
another. Clearly this is an issue that needs to be addressed in future studies.

As mentioned previously, the study as it was originally proposed was to include

separate reports on the Ene and Madre de Dios Basins. Within the Ene Basin there
are only six seismic lines available all showing considerable structuration as a result
of intense imbricate faulting and consequently there was little in which to support a
separate report. In the context of this study, the Ene Basin is considered to be simply
a continuation of the thin-skinned deformation front which extends south from the
Huallaga Basin and through the Oxapampa wells located directly north of the Ene
Basin as it is currently defined. This thrust front in part overrides the Shira
Mountains, an older positive feature, which ultimately dissects the front, separating
the Oxapampa-Ene segment from the Camisea segment. As such, the Ene Basin and
Ucayali Basin analysis has been incorporated into one single report.

Sepa 1X
Panguana 1X

Mipaya 1X

Pagoreni 1X

San Martin 1X

Armihuari 4X
Cashiriari 3X
Cariyacu 1X

Los Amigos 1X

Puerto Primo 1

Pariamanu 1X

Karene 1X

Candamo 1X

Candamo 1X Well

Figure 3: Location of Madre de Dios Basin area and the available seismic data (in red)

The Madre de Dios Basin (Figure 3) however is somewhat more isolated from the
Ucayali than is the Ene Basin as well as being seismically disconnected (no real
contiguous data sets) from it as well. As a result this Basin will be covered within its
own separate report. The well data sets (Las and Access) of the Madre de Dios Basin,
however is included within the Ucayali data set on CD in the Appendices of this
report.

14
 3.0 PREVIOUS WORK IN THE STUDY AREA

Drilling activity in the sub-Andean Basins of Peru began in 1937 with the drilling of
Ganso Azul #1 to test the Agua Caliente surface structure located in the Ucayali
Basin. This well discovered oil pay in the Cretaceous Cushabatay Formation at 311
meters. The well was twinned and flowed 2000 BOPD of 43o API oil with an open
choke. Five more wells were drilled on the structure eventually proving up 14.7
MMBO. Subsequent to the development of the Agua Caliente Field, during the 40s
and 50s, numerous companies were doing fieldwork in the sub-Andean Basins of
Peru and as a result several more wells were drilled. The next discovery, however,
was not until 1957 with the discovery of the Maquia Field. This was made by the El
Oriente Oil Company just west of the Contaya Arch in the northern Ucayali Basin.
This small field (20 MMBO) was put on stream with the 37o API oil being barged to
refineries in Iquitos and Pucallpa.

Contemporaneously with this discovery, the Cerro De Pasco Petroleum Corp. drilled
five dry holes with gas shows near Oxapampa within the Ucayali fold and thrust belt
to the west of the Shira Mountains. During this time in 1962, Mobil made a gas
condensate discovery with Cretaceous reservoirs at Aguaytia in the central Ucayali
Basin. This field did not live up to its initial promise and plans for a gas pipeline to
Lima were cancelled.

Through most of the remainder of the 60s and into the early 70s, exploration was
virtually none existent as the petroleum concession system had been annulled by
decree. By the beginning of the 1970s the Peruvian Sub-Andean production from
Maquia and Agua Caliente, at 2,500 BOPD, comprised less than five percent of the
countrys output.

The Sub-Andean Basins of Peru in 70s saw a renewed interest in exploration with
significant discoveries being made in the Maraon Basin of northeastern Peru and the
Oriente Basin of Ecuador. During this time, six exploratory wells were drilled in the
Ucayali Basin, one each by El Oriente and Hispanoil and four by Burmah Oil. All
were D&A. To the south of the Ucayali Basin in the Madre de Dios Basin, in the
mid-70s, Cities Service and Andes Petroleum shot seismic and between them drilled
five dry holes.

In the southern Ucayali Basin, Shell Oil in 1978/80 after extensive field geological
studies, signed blocks 38 and 42. Their first well within the foreland area of Basin,
Sepa 1X recovered a small amount of oil from the Carboniferous before it was
ultimately abandoned. This was followed up with the San Martin 1X well within the
fold and thrust belt of the Ucayali in 1983 which flowed 41 MMCFGPD Gas and
1,626 BCPD from a Cretaceous/Permian section. The next wildcat by Shell,
Cashiriari 1X was drilled in 1986 and flowed 56.7 MMCFGPD and 1,553 BCPD from
a section similar to that tested by the San Martin 1X well. One appraisal each of these
two fields was drilled indication reserves over 8 TCF gas and 300 MMB condensate,
with considerable upside. Shell also made several other gas discoveries afterwards
but nothing replicating the success of the San Martin and Cashiriari discoveries. By
1988, however, Shell had been unable to reach an agreement with respect to
developing these discoveries and ceased all exploration activities. At this time, Shell

15
also relinquished the Madre de Dios Basin foothills acreage where they have recorded
500 km of seismic. Other activity in the Basin during the 80s included 4 wells by
Petroperu and 2 by Occidental Petroleum. Despite the occurrence of significant oil
shows in several of these wells, all were plugged and abandoned.

The 90s saw Petroperu drill their last well in the Basin, the Cachiyacu 1X well in the
northern Ucayali Basin in 1992. Shortly there afterwards, the legal framework, which
currently governs the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbons, was passed in
August 1993 allowing companies to operate under either a Service or License
contract. In November 1993, the Peruvian government set up a new state agency,
Perupetro, to deal with contract negotiations, on the governments behalf, talking over
Pertroperus former role. As a result, industrys interest in Peru was heightened and
several new blocks were signed. Activity further increased in 1996, which also saw
the initialization of the privatization process of Petroperu. Although never completed,
Petroperu sold all their producing properties and left the upstream sector. Drilling
and leasing remained active through the rest of 90s. Six exploratory wells were
drilled during this time with no success. During this time Shell returned to once more
make an attempt of making the Camisea project a reality, which included the drilling
of the Pagoreni 1X gas/condensate discovery well in the area, but negotiations broke
down with the government, and Shell abandoned the project.

The concession containing the giant Camisea gas project was won by Pluspetrol in the
year 2000. They have worked since then on bringing the project closer to production.
The only exploratory well drilled in the Basin was done so by Repsol in the central
portion of the Basin in 2002. It was plugged as a dry hole with oil shows in the
Paleozoic section.

A chronological listing of new field wildcats drilled in the Ucayali Basin is presented
in Appendix 1.

16
 4.0 GEOLOGY OF THE UCAYALI/ENE AREA

4.1 GENERAL BASIN DESRIPTION

The Ucayali Basin is one of the sub-Andean Basins of Peru (Figure 1) with a
prospective area of 105,000 km2 and some 5,000m of sedimentary infill. The Basin
borders on the Brazilian Shield to the east and extends 650 km in length south from
the Maraon Basin to the Madre de Dios Basin and 250 km in width east from the
Fold Thrust Belt to beyond the Brazilian border. It has been discontinuously explored
since 1939 with much of the basin still remaining under-explored.

Seismic and well data indicates that an almost complete composite sedimentary
section of Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic ages was deposited in the Basin.
However, the Basins present configuration shows a discontinuous preservation of the
pre-Cretaceous sedimentary succession overlying the crystalline Basement revealing a
complex tectonic evolution that involved most phases of the Caledonian and
Hercynian pre-Andean and Andean aged tectonic events.

The sedimentary fill of the Ucayali Basin is fairly similar to the southeast Maraon
Basin, comprising up to 3000m of Tertiary continental molasses clastics overlying
westerly thickening wedges of mainly marine Cretaceous Jurassic and Triassic, and an
extremely variable section of Paleozoic. The principal difference between the two
basins are; a) the thinning of the Cretaceous section from north to south as it onlaps a
progressively elevated Paleozoic section (Figure 19), and b) a dramatic thickening of
the Paleozoic section through a southerly thickening of Devonian and a Carboniferous
Ambo section, and increased erosional preservation of Permian sediments beneath the
Cretaceous unconformity.

The dominant structural form of the Basin is major basement-involved thrusting

which in many cases is the result of reactivated Paleozoic normal faults, and along its
western margin, it is one of detached thrusts along almost its entirety. The western
thrust front is interrupted north of the Oxapampa area by an inferred lateral ramp with
the northern section being offset to the west, and south of the Ene Basin by the Shira
uplift, which separates it from the Camisea Fold and Thrust Belt (FTB). This later
segment contains the giant Cashiriari and San Martin Gas Fields. For clarification
purposes, this study considers the Ene Basin to be just a continuation of the
Oxapampa fold belt west of and abutting against the Shira Mountains to its east.

At present, three oilfields (Agua Caliente, Maquia and Pacaya) and five gas-
condensate fields (Aguaytia, San Martin, Cashiriari, Pagoreni and Mipaya) have been
discovered in the Ucayali Basin. Maquia and Agua Caliente fields are currently the
only producing oil fields, with the Pacaya Field being shut-in. Of the five gas
condensate fields only Aguaytia is on production although the Camisea fields are
under development and expected to be on production in the near future. The main
reservoirs in the Basin are Cretaceous continental and marine sandstones with
subordinate Upper Permian lacustrine, eolian and restricted marine sandstones.

Despite the insignificant current oil production (approx 600 bopd) from three small oil
and gas fields, the presence of the giant Camisea Field (13 TCF of gas and over 500

17
MMBC) in the southernmost part of the Basin has offered sufficient encouragement to
keep companies exploring for hydrocarbons in the Basin. Many large structures are
still untested and the presence of light oil shows encountered in the majority of the
wells mark this region as one of the more promising onshore areas in Peru.

The available data appears to indicate that the lower Paleozoic section has fair
reservoir potential and some possible oil source potential (Cabanillas) in parts of the
Basin, which has not been adequately tested. The Upper Paleozoic section
(Carboniferous and Permian) exhibit good source rock potential in the shales of the
Ambo Group and Ene Formation, and fair to good reservoir quality potential in the
sandstones of the Ambo and Tarma Groups (Green Sandstones) and Ene Formations.
The Mesozoic section, although thinning from north to south, also has good quality
reservoirs within the Oriente Group and Chonta and Vivian Formations.

4.2 REGIONAL GEOLOGY

The Ucayali Basin includes thick sedimentary stratigraphic sequences that extend far
beyond the present Ucayali Basin and merge with the greater Maraon and the Acre
and Solimoes basins in Brazil and eventually pinch out onto the Brazilian and Guiana
Shields. The geological evolution of the greater Ucayali Basin area is controlled by
two regional tectonic systems recognized in the sub-Andean basins of Peru. The first,
the pre-Andean System, encompasses three cycles of Ordovician, Devonian and
Permo-Carboniferous ages overlying the Precambrian basement of the Guyana and
Brazilian Shields. The second, the Andean System, was initiated with the beginning
of subduction along the western margin of Peru. It encompasses several mega-
stratigraphic sequences and numerous minor sedimentary cycles, ranging from Late
Permian to the Present. The stratigraphic column that has been used by PARSEP in
the Ucayali Basin is representative of all NE Peru and is presented in Figure 4.

4.2.1 Pre-Andean System

The pre-Andean tectonic cycle includes Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian and the
Permo-Carboniferous cycles all overlying crystalline/metamorphic Basement. This
tectonic system preserved discontinuous successions of Ambo/Cabanillas/Contaya
and a more continuous Tarma/Copacabana/ and Ene/Red Bed Groups which reveal
complex tectonics that includes a possible pre-Cabanillas rifting and peneplanation
and a late Permian uplift and erosional episode.

Ordovician aged sediments initiate the pre-Andean cycle and are represented by the
siliciclastic Contaya Formation. In NE Peru, as found within the Maraon Basin, the
Contaya Formation has a thickness of up to 150m. A maximum thickness of 4500m,
however, has been reported for the cycle in the Eastern Range of southern Peru. The
Contaya Formation outcrops in the Contaya Mountains of the northern Ucayali Basin.

Although not within the studied basins, next in the succession is the Silurian, which is
represented by argillites, flysch and tillites, and can reach thicknesses up to 1000m in
southern Peru (Laubacher, 1978). The Silurian cycle merges with that of the
Devonian, which is comprised of sediments of the Cabanillas Group. Cabanillas aged
sediments have been deposited in the Madre de Dios, Ucayali and Maraon Basins.

18
 Santiago PARSEP Maraon PARSEP PARSEP
Ucayali North

AGE
Parsep NE Peru Oxy Petroperu Huallaga Ucayali and Ene Ucayali South
Q Corrientes Corrientes
Nieva M araon Upper Red M araon Capas Rojas
Pebas Beds Pebas Superiores Ipururo Ipururo
Upper Puca Chambira Chambira Chambira Chambira
Pozo Shale Pozo Shale Pozo Shale Pozo Shale Pozo Shale Pozo Shale
TERTIARY

Pozo

Pozo
Pozo Sand Pozo Sand Pozo Sand Pozo Sand Pozo Pozo Sand Pozo Sand
Lower Puca

Santiago SS Yahuarango Lower Red Yahuarango Capas Rojas Yahuarango Yahuarango Yahuarango
Beds Inferiores

Upper Vivian Basal Tertiary Upper Vivian Casa Blanca Upper Vivian Upper Vivian
Cachiyacu Huchpayacu Huchpayacu Cachiyacu Huchpayacu Cachiyacu
Cachiyacu Cachiyacu
Vivian

Cachiyacu Cachiyacu Cachiyacu

Lower Vivian
Vivian Lower Vivian Vivian Lower Vivian Vivian Vivian Lower Vivian
Pona
Lupuna
CRETACEOUS

Upper Chonta Chonta shale Upper Cetico

Chonta Lmst Chonta Lmst Caliza Chonta Chonta Chonta Chonta
Chonta Sand
Chonta
Chonta

Low ChontaSd
Lower Chonta BasalChontaSd Lower Cetico
Agua Caliente (1)
Agua Caliente Agua Caliente Agua Caliente Agua Caliente Agua Caliente Agua Caliente

Raya Raya Raya Raya Raya Raya

Cushabatay Cushabatay Cushabatay Cushabatay Cushabatay Cushabatay Cushabatay
Sarayaquillo

Sarayaquillo
Sarayaquill

Red Beds Absent

Sarayaquillo Sarayaquillo Sarayaquillo Sarayaquillo
JURAS

Red Beds Red Beds

Evaporitic Unit
Evaporitic Unit Evaporitic Unit
Condorsinga Condorsinga Condorsinga
Pucar Pucar Pucar Pucar
Pucar

Pucar

Pucar

Aramachay Aramachay Aramachay

TRIAS

Chambara Chambara Chambara Pucar (Pongo M ainique)

Red Upper SS Fm
Mitu M itu Mitu Mitu M itu M itu M itu Bed M id Mudstone Fm
Group Lower SS Fm (2)
Shinai M ember
Ene Ene Ene Ene Ene Ene Ene Ene Noipatsite Mbr
ORD DEV CARB PERM

Ene SS M br
Copacabana Copacabana Copacabana Copacabana Copacabana Copacabana /Tarma Copacabana /Tarma
? Tarma Tarma Tarma Copacabana /Tarma Green Sandstone Green Sandstone
Ambo Ambo Ambo Ambo Ambo Ambo Ambo

Cabanillas Cabanillas Cabanillas Cabanillas Cabanillas Cabanillas

Contaya Contaya Contaya Contaya Contaya Contaya

Basement
(1) Basal Chonta + Upper Nia Kaatsirinkari (2) Low er Nia Kaatsirinkari

Figure 4: Stratigraphic Columns for the Sub-Andean Basins of Peru, highlighting the Ucayali Basin

In the south of Peru, Devonian sediments reach thicknesses of up to 2000m, while in

northern Peru, the maximum thickness attained is 1000m. Unlike the Maraon Basin,
rocks of Devonian age are quite extensive in the Ucayali Basin, particularly in its
southern half and have been encountered in a number of wells, and thick sequences
can be seismically identified in the South-Central Ucayali Basin. An example of such
is shown in Figure 5 where up to 600 msec of Devonian sediments (and possibly
older) can be mapped within a series of isolated half grabens.

19
Figure 5: Composite seismic line through the South-Central portion of the Ucayali Basin showing
a) the magnitude of the Devonian-Ordovician (?) rift Basins, b) the onlap relationship of the
Carboniferous Ambo onto the Eohercynian Unconformity, and c) the truncation of the Paleozoic
sequences beneath the Nevadan Unconformity at the Base of Cretaceous

20
Figure 6: Seismic Line in the south central Ucayali Basin showing a significant amount of erosion
on the pre Ambo sequences (Devonian) beneath the Eohercynian Unconformity (dk. blue reflector).

21
In Late Devonian, the large Arequipa granitic terrain docked into the western South
American Continent. The Pisco Abancay deflection is more or less coincidental with
the north boundary of this block and the southern boundary is in turn marked by the
Africa deflection in northern Chile (Anadarko, 1999). The docking of this large
terrain probably produced the Eo-Hercynean compression in the Late Devonian and
resulted in a major unconformity underlying sediments of Carboniferous age (Figure
6). The Eo-Hercynean compressional event affected the Ucayali Basin directly as it
produced a swarm of northsouth oriented faults. Many of them are left lateral
transpressive, and accommodated the Arequipa Massif as it docked into place. These
north-south faults are very important as they established the structural grain of the
weakness in the basement of the Ucayali Basin and have been reactivated in one
fashion or another every time the area was subject to diastrophism. For instance the
north-south grain has been affected by structural inversion through wrenching, caused
by Andean compressive episodes in the Late Cretaceous and Tertiary.

The Permo-Carboniferous is next in the succession and is found resting

unconformably over the Devonian Cycle (Figure 6) and/or Ordovician sediments and
Basement in the uplifted areas. Rocks of this age have a widespread distribution
throughout the Andean Range, the subsurface of the Peruvian eastern basins, and in
the Brazilian Acre and Solimoes Basins. In the Peruvian basins, the earliest
Carboniferous sedimentation began with the Ambo Group, which was deposited as
continental to shallow marine, fine-grained sandstones, with interbedded siltstones,
gray shales, and occasional thin coal beds. These sediments are followed vertically by
the thin transgressive, clastic-rich Tarma Formation, which is overlain, usually
conformably, by the normally thick, massive shelf carbonates of the Copacabana
Formation.

The Tarma-Copacabana Group is widely distributed in most of the Andean basins. It

is predominantly a marine carbonate sequence although the cycle begins with a basal
fine- to coarse-grained sandstone, the Green Sandstone Unit. This is overlain by a
thick sequence of dark gray, fossiliferous limestones (wackestones, packstones and
grainstones), and thin interbeds of dark gray shales and anhydrites. The unit contains
several intervals with characteristic fusulinid forams of Permian age. The
Copacabana limestones covered most of Sub-Andean Peru with the exception of the
Contaya Arch and several other structural highs, where the Cretaceous overlies rocks
of lower Paleozoic age. The Copacabana Formation in turn, was conformably
overlain by the Ene Formation, a sequence containing black organic rich shales,
dolomites and minor sandstones.

4.2.2 Andean System

The Andean System was initiated simultaneously with the beginning of subduction
along the Pacific margin. A major change in the tectonic regime along the
northwestern border of the South-American plate promoted isostatic rearrangements.
In a global scale, the initial phase of the Andean System developed during the
Pangaea break up (M. Barros & E. Carneiro, 1991). The development of the Andean
subduction zone during late Permian to early Triassic times is supported by geological
information gathered by Audebaud, et. al. (1976) along the Peruvian Eastern Range,
where they recognized a Permo-Triassic continental volcanic arc. The volcanic
Lavasen Formation, which is seen in outcrops unconformably underlying the Mitu

22
Group to the west of the Huallaga Basin (Serie A: Carta Geologica Nacional,
INGEMMET Bulletin No. 56, 1995) could be a remnant of this arc. The Lavasen
Formation is also found intruding older rocks such as the Ambo Formation. Its lower
member is a volcanic-sedimentary sequence with interbedded red clastics. The upper
member is comprised of thick lava flows and breccias.

In a study done for PARSEP on the Tectonic Framework of Basin Evolution in Peru
(A. Tankard, 2001), Tankard correlates the Juru Orogeny with the onset of our
above-defined Andean System. Towards the end of the Permian, relaxation of the
earlier extensional basin forming stresses that culminated in the deposition of the late
Permian aged Formations were interrupted by a regional uplift and a pronounced
unconformity that marks a first order sequence boundary after Ene-Red Bed Group
accumulation. This event is believed by Tankard (2001) to correspond to the Juru
event identified in the Acre and Solimoes Basins of the Brazilian upper Amazon.
Tankard (2001) describes a three-part cycle of basin formation and sedimentation that
is repeated throughout the Phanerozoic of South America. Typically each cycle
consists of (1) an early phase of rift-controlled subsidence and deposition of relatively
coarser-grained clastics, (2) abandonment of individual fault controlled subsidence
and yoking together of the various depocenters into a shallow epeiric basin, and
deposition of a widespread cover of finer clastics and potential petroleum source
rocks, and (3) a marked change in the stress fields resulting in structural inversion,
uplift and Orogeny.

The Late Permian Middle Jurassic tectono-stratigraphic cover accumulated in a

compartmentalized basin complex. This is demonstrated seismically in Figure 7 and
in map form, in Figure 8 (Late Triassic Middle Jurassic). The cover succession
consists of Mitu red beds in isolated rift segments, accumulation of finer-grained
Pucar clastics, limestones and evaporites, and termination in the widespread
Sarayaquillo blanket. Initiation of subsidence and deposition of the Mitu Formation is
attributed to a process of orogenic collapse following the late Hercynican Juru
Orogeny.

A regional supratidal sabkha environment developed at the transition between the

Pucar and Sarayaquillo Formations, which marks the beginning of the continental
and shallow marine deposition. Of stratigraphic significance to the western
Ucayali/Ene Basin area is the evaporitic unit associated with the sabkha deposition.
This unit has been tentatively named the Callanayacu Formation by Advantage who
completed extensive fieldwork in the fold and thrust belt between the Huallaga and
southern Maraon Basins (Advantage 2001). In the Peruvian Fold and Thrust Belt
this evaporitic unit can be traced over a distance of at least 700 km. These deposits
were intersected in subsurface by the Oxapampa 7-1 and Chio 1X wells in the central
part of the Ucayali Basin (Appendix 2e to 2h), and by the Putuime 1X well of the
Santiago Basin in its north. In between, extensive deposits of evaporites have been
identified in outcrop in the Huallaga Basin, and in the Fold Thrust Belt of the
westernmost Ucayali Basin. With further regression of the Jurassic sea the Pucar and
Callanayacu Formations were overlain by Middle to Late Jurassic continental red
beds of the Sarayaquillo Formation.

23
 Sarayaquillo Cretaceous
Pucar
Ene
Copacabana Mitu

Unflattened section

Cretaceous
Sarayaquillo Ene
Pucar
Mitu

Copacabana

Flattened on Base Cretaceous Unconformity

Sarayaquillo Cretaceous
Pucar Ene
Mitu
Copacabana

Flattened on Pucar Formation

Figure 7: Seismic line OR-95-08 in the northern Contaya Arch area showing the evolution of a Late
Permian to early Mesozoic extensional basin through the use of different datums (flattenings) (after
PARSEP, 2002)

24
Figure 8: (After Tankard, 2001) Late Triassic Middle Jurassic paleogeography. The locus of
sedimentation was the extensional tract between the Contaya (csz) and Shionayacu (ssz) shear zones.
Isopachs show that the stratigraphy terminated abruptly against NE-striking faults, and for this
reason they are described as basin sidewall faults. psz, Pucalpa shear zone; sol, Solimoes Basin.

25
Termination of the Sarayaquillo deposition coincides with the later part of the
Jurassic, which is represented by the regional Nevadan unconformity over which lies
sediments of Cretaceous age. This is a boundary generally well recognized on
seismic, below which the Jurassic is seen to thicken westward and locally subcrop
with considerable angularity. Cretaceous deposition was initiated in the greater
Maraon/Ucayali Basin during Neocomian-Aptian times and was characterized by a
westerly thickening wedge of fluvial to marginal clastics occasionally punctuated by
carbonate sedimentation.

The Cretaceous epeiric sea deposition terminated during the Late Cretaceous with the
arrival of the first pulses of the Andean Orogeny (Peruvian and Incaic Phases) at
which time through to Middle Eocene time, molasse-styled deposition dominated the
Basin. This was punctuated during the Late Eocene to Early Oligocene by a marine
transgression that resulted in the deposition of the Pozo Formation, which is restricted
to the northern basins and to the north Ucayali. Molasse deposition resumed in the
Late Oligocene, which culminated during the Miocene Quechua deformation and has
continued through to the present.

4.3 GEOLOGY OF THE UCAYALI/ENE PROJECT AREA

4.3.1 Project Overview

PARSEP constructed a digital database from geological/geophysical data gathered

from an extensive set of old and recent exploration activities that were made available
to the group through the Perupetro technical archives. It was this database that was
updated and subsequently used as the basis for the geological interpretation of the
Ucayali/Ene Basin. The main database consists of wire-line logs and data from 40
new field wildcats and over 15,000 km of 2D seismic data. The seismic data set
provided for the Ene Basin was of an earlier processed version than the one used by
Elf in their evaluation of the Block 66 and was of considerably less quality. As a
result, the Elf interpretation was utilized for the evaluation of the Ene Basin area.

The Ucayali project is largely comprised of five subprojects: a) Collection and

standardization of geological information; b) The stratigraphic cross-section grid
project utilizing the data from (a); c) Collection of SEGY seismic data, navigational
data corrections and tying the various data sets; d) Geophysical interpretation; and e)
Structural profiles.

a) Collection and standardization of geological information Geological well

data and tops were collected and put into an ACCESS data base that was used
as the preliminary data set for interpretation. This information was gathered
from literature and PARSEP correlated well logs. The database was
continually updated reflecting changes and additions as the interpretation
progressed. The final ACCESS database is included as Appendix 5 in this
report and LAS files of the composite wells logs used for the interpretation as
Appendix 6. In the Maraon Basin study done by PARSEP (2002), numerous
geological maps were created from a similar type database and presented as
enclosures in the report. The tectonic style, significant pre-Cretaceous uplifts
and erosion, lack of significant well control and the biased sampling of what

26
 was tested by those few wells, were not conducive to the creation of
meaningful geological maps from well data. As a result, only seismic was
utilized for generation of the maps in this project. The one exception was an
isopach of the Cretaceous, which was created simply to show the regional
thinning of the mapped interval from north to south in the Ucayali Basin.
This map is presented in Figure 19 within section 4.3.2.8

b) The stratigraphic cross-section grid project - The cross-section grid consists

of ten regional stratigraphic sections (Enclosure 1b), which was designed to
include almost all the wells in the Basin. The sections were created to
construct the regional stratigraphic framework of the Basin, particularly
within the pre-Cretaceous section and are referred to extensively in the
stratigraphy section 4.3.2, and presented as Appendices 2a to 2j in this report.

c) Collection of SEGY seismic data, navigational data corrections and tying the
various data sets This section is discussed in detail in the Geophysics
Section 5.0 of this report.

d) Geophysical interpretation The geophysical interpretation was done in two

parts, the northern Ucayali which extends from the southern Maraon Basin
to just north of the Oxapampa wells in the western part of the Basin and north
of the La Colpa well in the eastern part of the Basin. The division represents
a discontinuity in two largely continuous data sets of almost equal size.
Additionally, changes in geology between the northern and southern Basins
resulted in different reflectors and intervals in both areas to be mapped. In the
northern Basin, TWT maps were made on, Pozo, Base Cretaceous,
Copacabana, and Contaya and isochrons of the Pozo to Base Cretaceous, Base
Cretaceous and Top to Base of the Jurassic salt intervals, while in the south,
TWT maps were made on the Upper Cretaceous (near Chonta), Base
Cretaceous, Tarma, Devonian and Basement and isochrons Cretaceous,
Upper Cretaceous to Tarma and Top Devonian to Basement. These maps are
all discussed in detail with the Geophysical Section 5.0 of this report. Three
other geophysical maps are included in this report that were done
independently of the regional geophysical mapping project. They were a
TWT map on the top of the Ene (Figure 12) created largely to show the
distribution of the Formation throughout the Basin, an isochron of the Ambo
section in the southern Ucayali (Figure 9) to emphasis the probable Ambo
source kitchen area for the Camisea area and a lower Cretaceous channel map
(Figure 45) in the area of the Mashansha well in the southern Ucayali Basin

e) Structural profile project The structural profile study for the Ucayali/Ene
Area was completed through the compilation of the available seismic data,
exploratory wells, geological field data and maps, and the PARSEP seismic
mapping. Generally speaking, the six dip sections through the Basin were
constructed by tying the geological field data from the Ingemmet quadrangle
maps in the Andean fold and thrust belt to the west, with the seismic and well
data in the sub-surface of the Ucayali Basin to the East. Additionally, both
geological and geophysical interpretations available through various reports
within the Perupetro archives were also utilized in areas of minimal PARSEP
data coverage. The geological profiles are presented in Enclosures 3a to 3f

27
 and discussed in detail in section 4.3.3 . One additional section, (Figure 22) is
also presented in this report as a representative structure profile through the
Ene Basin, 1f, that has been taken from Elfs Final report on Block 66 (Elf,
1996).

4.3.2 Stratigraphy of the Ucayali/Ene Area

One of the intentions of this study was to standardize the stratigraphy of the Ucayali
Basin as presented in Figure 4. The most critical and difficult aspect of this exercise
was the tying of correlations between the northern Ucayali Basin and the Mainique
Gorge/Camisea area of the southern Ucayali Basin. In the later, important
modifications were introduced by Shell (1997) within the Permian and Cretaceous
stratigraphic sections after the Camisea gas discoveries. The modifications made by
PARSEP are in line with our intent to present a consistent digital database to facilitate
mapping and interpretation. Discussions are presented where previous assumptions
and conclusions were found to be contradictory (or in question) through our
evaluation of the data. The intention is to keep the stratigraphy as simple as possible
without introducing unknown or contradictory names. Unfortunately, at the
termination of this project there are still a number of unanswered questions relevant to
stratigraphy that may form the basis for future studies.

The composite stratigraphic column present in the Ucayali Basin includes a thick
sedimentary succession of early and late Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic age
(Figure 4) and the stratigraphic cross-sections presented in the report show the
widespread distribution of all these units throughout most of the Basin. It is
interesting to note, however, that the sections show no single area drilled to date, with
a complete stratigraphic section preserved. Where this may be found is in the
foredeep area just east of the Fold Thrust Belt west of the Pisqui - Rashaya Sur
Aguaytia structural trend, and in the deep basinal area of the northern Ucayali Basin
south and west respectively of the Cushabatay and Contaya highs.

The Camisea discoveries of the southern Ucayali Basin in the 80s, allowed for
detailed stratigraphic studies to be completed that defined the extension and
termination of the early Cretaceous units and the stratigraphy in the Cretaceous/pre-
Cretaceous section overlying the Copacabana Group. These discoveries introduced a
controversy that we do not intend to solve with the present means allocated to the
project. In this report, PARSEP uses Shell (1997) Cretaceous age units with name
modifications below the Vivian and its late Permian age units and names overlying
the Copacabana Group. The major characteristics of these stratigraphic intervals that
are presented in this report for investigators not familiar with the data, are from the
knowledge gained after the Camisea discoveries and updated through the additional
work done by Shell in the late 90`s. Additionally, the lesser-known deeper Paleozoic
stratigraphy is reviewed and condensed, since it also constitutes a potential play type
throughout much of the Basin.

The following section discusses the Ucayali Basin mega-sequences Paleozoic, Late
Permian to Jurassic (Rift/Sag Phase), Cretaceous and Tertiary beginning first with a
brief section on Basement.

28
4.3.2.1 Basement

Few descriptions on Basement rocks have been presented in the greater Ucayali Basin
area. One reference, however describes the Basement east of the Contaya Arch across
the border in Brazil (Ingemmet 1997, Bull 101,) at Xingu Complex which is
composed of granitic and dioritic gneisses and metamorphics with a K/Ar age of 911
13 and 877 42 my. Several wells in the Basin penetrated Basement such as in the
Agua Caliente 1X well north of the Shira Mountains and the Platanal 1X, La Colpa
1X, Shahuinto 1X, Runuya 1X, Sepa 1X and Mashansha 1X wells east of the Shira
Mountains in the south Ucayali (stratigraphic cross-sections 2, 4, 7, 8 and 10).

In the Ene Basin area, Basement has been described from outcrops to its west as being
Precambrian crystalline and possible sedimentary to metasedimentary rocks.

4.3.2.2 Ordovician

The pre-Andean System begins with the Ordovician cycle and is represented by the
Contaya Formation, a unit of gray and black laminated hard slates, which overlies
Basement. A maximum thickness of 4500m has been reported for the cycle in the
Eastern Range of southern Peru. The Contaya Formation outcrops in the Contaya
Arch (150m thick) and 35km south of the Oxapampa wells in the northern and
southern Ucayali Basin, respectively. It has been drilled in the Agua Caliente 1X well
and possibly in the Cashiboya South well (stratigraphic cross-sections 2, 3, and 4) and
its presence is interpreted by seismic across the northern Ucayali Basin.

Other than the occurrence south of the Oxapampa wells referred to above, no Contaya
aged rocks have been recognized in the Ene Basin area.

4.3.2.3 Silurian

Next in the succession is the Silurian cycle which is represented by argillites, flysch
and tillites, and can reach thicknesses up to 1000m in southern Peru (Laubacher,
1978). A portion of the monotonous clastic sequences drilled by Panguana 1X and
Sepa 1X wells in the southern Ucayali may represent this cycle (stratigraphic cross-
sections 2 and 4) although the actual date of these sediments is unknown. The Silurian
depositional cycle ends with an erosional episode that is the result of tectonic
movement during the Caledonian/Taconian Orogeny in the Peruvian Oriente. The
Silurian cycle merges with that of the Devonian Cabanillas Group that has been
deposited in the Madre de Dios, Ucayali and Maraon Basins.

4.3.2.4 Devonian - Cabanillas Group

Sediments of Devonian age have a widespread distribution reaching a thickness of up

to 2000m in the south of Peru, while in northern Peru the maximum thickness seen is
1000m. Rocks of the Cabanillas Group of Devonian age constitute a well defined unit
in the study area, and are found in outcrops in the Mainique Gorge and in the Sepa 1X
and Panguana 1X wells in the south, and the Rashaya Sur 1X and Cashiboya 1A wells
in the north (stratigraphic cross-sections 2, 4, 9 and 10). The presence of this unit is
interpreted by seismic throughout much of the subsurface in both the southern and

29
northern Ucayali Basin. The presence of Cabanillas aged rocks in the Ene Basin area
is likely although this has never been conclusively confirmed (Elf, 1996).

The Cabanillas Group is comprised of dark gray mudstones, shales, siltstones and
sandstones. The mudstones are dark gray, micaceous, and iron-rich, weathering to red
with a sulfurous stain. Generally, the unit is considered to have been deposited in
moderately deep water as turbidite and hemi-pelagic deposits, which change upwards
into sediments representative of shallow water deposition. In outcrops to the west of
the Camisea fields, the upper section is represented by coarsening upward sequences
recording episodes of progradation from shelf to deltaic sedimentation and eventually
into sediments representative of a shallow basin environment. Each period of
progradation ends in a flooding event that deposits a potentially organic-rich source
rock facies that characterizes the Cabanillas sediments. The Cabanillas is absent in
the northern Shira Mountains-Agua Caliente and to the east of this area in the
Platanal-Shahuinto-Mashansha area (stratigraphic cross-sections 7, 8 and 10).

4.3.2.5 Early Carboniferous - Ambo Group

Possible Ambo Basin

Hingeline

Figure 9: Isochron map of the Ambo Group in the southern Ucayali Basin

30
In the Peruvian basins, the earliest Carboniferous sedimentation began with the Ambo
Group. The Ambo Group is well known in the southern portion of the Basin where it
is generally found overlying the Devonian Cabanillas Group and/or Basement. A
gross thickness of 813m in the south diminishes to less than 300m in the La Colpa
well area (stratigraphic cross-sections 7, 9 and 10). Its distribution in the northern
portion of the Basin is not well known. From the seismic mapping completed by
PARSEP, the Ambo Group is seen to thicken dramatically from north to south in the
southern Ucayali Basin (Figure 9) with the Ambo sediments onlapping the underlying
unconformity surface on Devonian and/or older horizons. In the area of the
Mashansha well and to its north, the Ambo is very thin and in some areas, completely
absent where basement paleo-highs exist. Moving from this area to south in the
Camisea area, the Ambo section thickens dramatically to where over 600msec of
Ambo section can be mapped overlying the Devonian. It is currently interpreted that
the Camisea fold and thrust belt may be controlled by a major hingeline that was
active during Ambo deposition as the Ambo section is seen to increase dramatically in
thickness in close proximity to the termination of the Camisea fold and thrust belt.
Additionally, it is believed that in the area of thick Ambo deposition, the Ambo was
also one of the principal detachment surfaces for the decollement structures in the
Camisea area.

The Ambo consists predominantly of coarse and fine-grained terrigeneous sandstones

with interbedded siltstones, gray shales, and with coal or organic rich interbeds
deposited as continental to shallow marine and fluvial deposits. The coal and organic
rich beds represent the initial transgression of the early Carboniferous Ambo Group.
The unit includes a tidal/estuarine inter-deltaic lower section, a deltaic middle section
and an inter-deltaic upper section. The middle deltaic portion has commonly TOCs
of 1.0 and locally over 8.0, and 18.0 wt% mainly humid organic matter with potential
gas and oil generation capabilities. The Ambo Group is identified as the main source
rock of the Camisea gas/condensate fields. These sediments are overlain by the thin
transgressive, clastic-rich Tarma Formation (with its widely distributed basal Green
Sandstone unit).

The Ambo identified in the Ene Basin corresponds to a shallow siliciclastic platform
from upper offshore facies to dominant delta front deposits (Elf, 1996). In its more
distal facies, the Ambo consists of amalgamated storm beds that contain greenish
sands containing coaly debris.

4.3.2.6 Late Carboniferous to Early Permian - Tarma/Copacabana Group

The Tarma/Copacabana Group is by far the most widely distributed pre-Cretaceous

unit in the sub-Andean basins, including the Ucayali and Ene Basins. Generally it is
difficult to place an exact upper contact for the Tarma Group and the two units
together are consequently often referred to together, as the Tarma/Copacabana Group.
A separation of the Tarma and Copacabana groups can be established locally where
the Tarma Group includes more clastic interbeds as in the Mainique Gorge area of the
southern Ucayali Basin. The lower unit of the Tarma Group is a clastic unit that
includes green sandstones, red siltstones, silty mudstones and anhydrite beds reaching
80 m. in thickness. The basal clastic unit of this interval is called the Green
Sandstone member, which typically has good porosity and good reservoir potential. It
is a green to brown, fine to very coarse cross-bedded, moderately sorted, glauconitic

31
 HUAYA 3X HUAYA 3X

1600

2100

MITU?
THRUST FAULT I
2200
1700

ENE 1800

2300

COPACABANA 1900

2400

ANH 2000

2500

2100

2600

2200

2700
THRUST FAULT I
Figure 10: An example of a 50 to 60 meter anhydrite unit within the upper Copacabana section that
has been repeated by a thrust fault. The log on the right is the hanging wall section and the one on
the right, the footwall section. Note: The repeated section has been removed in the Huaya 3X well
in the stratigraphic stratigraphic cross-sections 1 and 2.

Chonta
Base Cretaceous/Copacabana
Tarma
Ambo
Devonian

Basement

Figure 11: West to East seismic line through the Panguana well showing a) how the Copacabana
has been erosionally reduced beneath the Base Cretaceous unconformity and b) The anomalously
thick section of pre-Ambo sediments intersected in the Panguana well. The Basement pick is very
interpretive and base largely on the results of the Panguana 1X well.

32
and chloritic sandstone. There is a sharp contact between the Green Sandstone and
the underlying Ambo Group.

The green colored clastics diminish upwards and the upper part of the Tarma Group
comprises micritic wackestones and dark gray mudstones establishing a gradational
contact with the overlying carbonates of the Copacabana Group. The carbonates
become a sequence of thick units of dark gray micritic and sparite carbonates, white
to light brown crystalline dolomites, cross-bedded oolites, wackestones and cherts
with distinctive fusulinid rich horizons in the upper part (Mainique Gorge, Agua
Caliente and San Alejandro 1X wells). The group also include some clean 1 to 3
meter-thick anhydrite beds, occasionally 5 m thick, as in the upper Tarma Group in La
Colpa 1X well and in the bottom 2/3 in the San Martin 1X well. In the 1950-2050m
interval of the Huaya 3X well a 50-60m thick anhydrite unit was intersected within
the Copacabana section and is repeated between 2430-2500m by a thrust fault at
2200m (Figure 10).

Thickness varies from 640 - 960m in the northern portion of the Ucayali Basin (see
wells Huaya 3X, La Colpa 1X, Runuya 1X and Agua Caliente 1X in stratigraphic
cross-sections 2 and 4) to 860 - 940m in outcrop in the Mainique Gorge and Atalaya
areas (stratigraphic cross-section 9) and 990m in the Camisea San Martin 1X well
(stratigraphic cross-sections 4 and 9), in the southern Ucayali Basin. Locally, the unit
is partially reduced by erosion along the crests of Paleozoic aged structures such as in
the Coninca 2X well were the Tarma/Copacabana has a thickness of 333m
(stratigraphic cross-section 3) and in the Panguana 1X well where it has been reduced
to 166m as demonstrated in stratigraphic cross-section 9 and seismically in Figure 10,
or it has been completely stripped by erosion as in the Cashiboya area, (stratigraphic
cross-section 1).

In the area over the Contaya arch where there is no Copacabana, it is presently
unknown whether the Contaya Arch was a positive feature during Copacabana
deposition, (the result of an earlier tectonic uplift and the unit was not deposited as
suggested by Mathalone (1994)) or whether it is simple a result of uplift and complete
erosion as referred to in the examples above. If the latter is true, the Contaya Arch
became a positive feature in Late Permian time.

The Copacabana contains organic-rich dark gray to black mudstones deposited under
flooding or anoxic conditions with source rock characteristics. Dolomitic
wackestones interbedded with brown sandstones at various levels in the whole unit
produce strong to faint oil smell in fresh broken surfaces. These intervals have TOC
of 2.0 wt% and are mature for oil and gas generation in the Mainique Gorge, Shell
(1997). Near the top, the carbonates are bioturbated and burrowed and are found
underlying the basal Ene Formation mudstone, with no evidence of karsts or breccias.
In the Huaya 3X well there is a common presence of dolomites observed near the
anhydrite beds. These dolomites are brown gray and dark gray, locally vugular,
micritic, oolitic and pelletoidal, which are remnants of the original limestones prior to
dolomitization. The anhydrite/porous dolomite/organic rich carbonate association
may constitute a potential petroleum system in this part of the Basin.

33
Figure 12: Distribution of the Ene Formation as mapped seismically in the Ucayali Basin. The
seismic line shown in Figure 14 is located on this map

34
Figure 13: NW/SE stratigraphic cross-section flattened in the Upper Permian unconformity shows
the late Permian post Tarma/Copacabana Group stratigraphy. Orellana 1X is in the SE Maraon
Basin.

35
4.3.2.7 Late Permian Ene Red Bed Group

The late Permian Ene Formation and the Red Bed Group conformable overly the
Tarma/Copacabana Group and unconformably underlie the Cretaceous in the Camisea
area, the area around the Tamaya well, and in a deep trough south of the Cushabatay
Mountains and west of the Contaya Arch where seismic data reveal the presence of a
thick Permian section of probable Ene age that extents into the areas drilled by the
Orellana and Huaya wells. A map showing the seismically mapped distribution of
Ene sediments is shown in Figure 12 and in its stratigraphic occurrence is shown in
Figure 13. A seismic line through the northern Ene thick is shown in Figure 14.
SW NE

Pozo
Chonta
Agua Caliente
Ene
Base Cretaceous
Top Paleozoic Copacabana

Cabanillas Grn Sdst

Contaya

Basement

Figure 14: Seismic line CP739801 (located on Figure 12) through a thick preserved Permian
section in the Northern Ucayali Basin. In an alternative interpretation, the Top Copacabana was
picked at an alternative reflector, the pink mk below the Grn Sdst. If this surface were a significant
unconformity, as it would appear from this seismic interpretation, this horizon would most likely
represent the Devonian unconformity so readily visible in the southern Ucayali Basin, thereby
supporting the interpretation presented above.

These units will be covered with more detail later in this report since their age, has
been redefined after the Camisea gas/condensate discoveries in the late 80`s and
updated in the late 90s and it is not available in published literature. Previously
much of this section was described as belonging to the Cretaceous Oriente Group.The
extension of the late Permian age Formations to the west and SW of the Shira
Mountains and adjacent and north of the Ene Basin is largely unknown and will
require detailed field work. This is particularly true in the western Shira Mountains
area where an abnormally thick Cretaceous Oriente Group (with individual
Cushabatay, Raya and Agua Caliente Formations) and Chonta Formation are
reportedly found, overlying the Copacabana Group (INGEMMET, 1997). The lower
part of this section may have been a misinterpreted Permian section as originally was
the case in the Camisea area.

36
Figure 15: Stratigraphic cross-section flattened on Base Cretaceous shows detailed late Permian
stratigraphy. Note excellent log correlation in Shinai, and two 10 m. thick anhydrite beds in the
Middle Mudstone Formation and anhydrite beds in the Noi Sandstone Patsite Member.

37
Ene Formation

Presence of the Ene Formation is confirmed in outcrops in the eastern Shira

Mountains from south of the Runuya 1X well down to the Mainique Gorge and in
subsurface in the Camisea wells and in many wells in the eastern Ucayali Basin. Its
presence is well known in the outcrops of the Ene Basin where is has been recognized
as a potentially prolific source rock.

Thickness of this formation varies substantially, being controlled by depth of erosion

of the late Permian and Base Cretaceous unconformities. It is best preserved in the
south Ucayali in the Sepa/Camisea/Mainique Gorge area where the unit is divided in
three members (Shell, 1997), the Ene Sandstone, Noipatsite and Shinai Members with
a thickness between 150 to 220 m, as shown in Figure 15 and stratigraphic cross-
sections 4, 9 and 10.

The Ene Sandstone and Noipatsite Members are two 70-150 meter-thick sandstone
bodies similar in rock character, and resting on a basal dark gray 6 meter-thick
organic rich source rock mudstone with strong petroleum odor in fresh fractures. The
mudstone overlies the Copacabana Group limestones with no signs of karstification or
brecciation. This mudstone changes to black and dark gray siltstone in the area east
of the north Shira Mountains and it disappears in the north Ucayali. West and to the
NW of the Contaya Arch, a uniform 160-200m thick sandstone member possibly
equivalent to Ene Sandstone/Noi Sandstone is preserved overlying the Copacabana
Group in the Huaya 3X (identified by PARSEP based on lithostratigraphic regional
correlation) and by Coastal in the SE Maraon Orellana 1X wells (stratigraphic cross-
sections 1 and 2 and Figure 13).

The Ene sandstones in the Huaya 3X well are white, cream to light gray, very fine to
medium-grained, sub-angular to rounded, with siliceous cement and non-calcareous.
The Ene Formation (1690-1850m) overlies the Copacabana Group and it is capped by
a conglomerate/sandstone unit (1620-1690m), which is overlain by a finer clastic red
bed section (1620-1400m) tentatively assigned by PARSEP to the Mitu Group and
Pucar, respectively. The conglomerate has clasts of granitic gneiss with quartz and
feldspar phenocrysts and a medium to coarse quartz-feldspar and lithic fragments
matrix. The Ene-Mitu-Pucar clastic sequence (1400-1850m), thus defined, was
originally named Sarayaquillo Formation underlying the Cushabatay Formation and
overlying the Copacabana Group in previous reports in the Huaya 3X. Additionally,
PARSEP structural/stratigraphic interpretation in this well defines a repeated section
of the Ene Formation and the upper limestones and anhydrites of the Copacabana
Group as shown in Figure 10.

In the Ene Basin, the Ene Formation consists of four units, a basal black shale
overlain by a sandstone, then an upper black shale, overlaid by a dolomitic interval.
As such it is more or less identical to the Ene identified in the southern Ucayali Basin
(Camisea area). In the Ene Basin region the depositional setting for the Ene
corresponds to a marginal marine (lagoonal) to coastal plain setting, with lagoonal
black shales, fluvial to estuarine sandstones, and peritidal, possibly evaporitic
dolomite.

38
Shinai Member

The Shinai Member is a 70-100 meter-thick organic-rich carbonate mudstone with

algal laminates, oolites and wackstone carbonates preserved south of the Runuya 1X
well (stratigraphic cross-section 4). Stable basin conditions allowed the unit to extend
laterally with minor lithological changes, providing a distinctively characteristic
horizon for log correlation in the Sepa/Camisea area (Figure 15).

Red Bed Group/Mainique

Biostratigraphic analyses in the Mainique Gorge/Camisea area reveal the presence of

an uppermost sequence of late Permian age in the southern Ucayali Basin. This is the
Red Bed Group, which is equivalent to the Mainique Group, and found overlying the
Ene Formation (Shell, 1997). From bottom to top, this sequence is made up of the
Lower Sandstone, the Middle Mudstone and the Upper Sandstone Units, as shown in
the stratigraphic cross-sections 4, 9 and 10 and in Figure 15. This sequence was
recognized in older literature as the Oriente Group, where each of the units
represented the Cushabatay, Raya and Agua Caliente Formations, respectively. Its
presence is restricted to the SW of the Runuya-Mashansha-Panguana structural trend.
The unconformity at the base of Cretaceous has stripped off much of this section in
the San Martin, Cashiriari and Pagoreni fields, leaving only the Lower Sandstone
Formation or Lower Niakaatsirinkari Formation, in contact with the Agua Caliente
Formation of Cretaceous age.

Lower Sandstone The Lower Sandstone Formation (Lower Niakaatsirinkari

Formation) consists of massive arkosic to sub-arkosic, medium to coarse-grained
arenites, with meter-scale cross-bedding suggesting an eolian origin although no
frosted quartz grains were detected in outcrops. The dune complex is truncated from
W to E (stratigraphic cross-sections 4 and 10) beneath the Cretaceous unconformity
and based on paleo-current data, migrates westwards into a sabkha environment
(Shell, 1998). The lower and upper contacts with the Shinai Member and with the
Middle Mudstone Formation are sharp planar surfaces, as seen in outcrops and in
wells Sepa 1X, Mipaya 1X, Pagoreni 1X and Armihuary 1X wells (stratigraphic
cross-sections 4 and 10 and Figure 15). These wells have a maximum thickness of 90
to 130m, which contrast with the approximately 40m of the lowermost section
preserved below the Cretaceous unconformity in the remaining wells in the San
Martin and Cashiriari fields (Figure 15). Petrographic examination in selected
intervals reveal its thinly laminated nature, and the alternation of well-sorted laminae
with bimodally sorted laminae and the absence of detrital clays. This is also
suggestive of an eolian origin.

Middle Mudstone The Middle Mudstone Formation is well developed in the

Mainique Gorge and in the Mipaya 1X well, as shown in the stratigraphic cross-
section 9 and Figure 15 where it is found to be 175 and 90m, respectively. The unit
consists of a predominantly red mudstone, with a middle unit of red calcareous and
dolomitic mudstones, thin micritic carbonates with rare anhydrite pseudomorphs in
outcrops and with two very distinctive 10m thick massive anhydrite beds as seen in
the Mipaya 1X well.

39
Figure 16: Evolution of the post-Copacabana Permian and Cretaceous sequences in the Camisea area
through flattenings in Noi, Shinai, Lower Nia, Mid Mudstone or Base-Cretaceous, Agua Caliente, Chonta
and Vivian Formations

40
Upper Sandstone The Upper Sandstone Formation is only present in outcrops in
the Mainique Gorge area, overlying in sharp planar contact the Middle Mudstone
Formation, and underlying the Pucar Group (stratigraphic cross-section 9). It is a
massive, medium to fine-grained unit with some coarse granular to pebbly layers and
feldspathic sandstones moderately to well sorted. Trough and tabular cross-bedding
up to several meters in thickness and petrographic examination suggests an eolian
origin for several intervals.

Permian/Cretaceous Basin Evolution Camisea Area

Figure 16 is a representation of the evolution of the late Permian and Cretaceous basin
in the Camisea area through a series of flattening at various levels. Refer to Figure 15
for location of the Figure. The bottom section flattened on the Noipatsite Member,
shows a thickening of this reservoir in the San Martin and Cashiriari fields. These
units were not drilled in Pagoreni. The following section flattened on the Shinai
Member, demonstrates the uniform nature of this unit, which makes it an excellent
correlation surface in the area. In the following section a thin Lower Niakaatsirinkari
or Lower Sandstone Formation is preserved below the Cretaceous, except in the
Armihuary 1X and Pagoreni 1X wells to the NW, where quite a thick section remains.
The flattening on the Base Cretaceous shows both the removal of most of the Middle
Mudstone Formation and an important portion of the Lower Niakaatsirinkari
Formation. The Agua Caliente flattening shows the sand-to-sand relationship with
underlying Lower Sandstone Formation, which together form a single reservoir in
Camisea. Generally there is a consistent thickness of Agua Caliente Formation
throughout the area although there is some minor thinning seen over the Cashiriari
field to the east. The final flattening, on the Chonta Formation, demonstrates the
presence of an excellent regional seal for the Cretaceous and Permian reservoirs. A
flattening on the Vivian (not shown) does not change appreciably from the one at
Chonta time. In general, the Cretaceous and Permian formations have an excellent
correlation over a distance in excess of 150km.

4.3.2.8 Triassic to Jurassic

The early episodes of the Andean tectonic system are preserved in the western and
NW extremes of the Ucayali Basin, where deep latest Permian/Jurassic basins were
formed. These basins contain sequences of syn rift continentally derived sediments of
the Mitu Group, overlain by a Triassic to Jurassic-aged marine to transitional unit
dominated by carbonate deposition and evaporites, the Pucar Group. The Pucar is
overlain by regressive continental redbeds of the Jurassic aged, Sarayaquillo
Formation, which was deposited prior to the early Cretaceous regional episode of
erosion and peneplanation, as shown in the stratigraphic cross-sections 1, 2, 5, 6, 7
and 8. The Permo/Jurassic mega-stratigraphic sequence is covered by a Cretaceous
foreland and Tertiary foredeep sedimentary cover.

Mitu

The Mitu Formation is considered to be the syn-rift sequence associated with the
initial opening of the combined proto-Maraon/Ucayali Basin. Within the Maraon
Basin and surrounding areas it is deposited in a series of grabens (Figures 7) formed
within a rifted Paleozoic section. From observations made during PARSEP

41
sponsored field trips (PARSEP 2002), the contact between it and the overlying Pucar
was observed to be conformable in several locations implying the two are part of the
same mega-sequence. However, in most literature and published stratigraphic
columns, the Mitu is often described as an unconformity bound unit and
depositionally, separate from the Pucar Group.

A thick Mitu Group was drilled by the Orellana 1X well in the SE Maraon Basin just
to the north of the Ucayali Basin. In the northern Ucayali Basin itself a thin
conglomerate with gneiss and granite pebbles, intersected by the Huaya 3X well is
tentatively assigned to this group. With this exception, the Mitu Group has not been
drilled in the Ucayali Basin and its occurrence is restricted to the Fold Thrust Belt
where common outcrops are reported.

The identification of the Mitu in the Ene Basin is considered ambiguous, as is the
identification of most redbed sequences in this complex structural area. Typically the
Mitu represents redbed deposition within a complex horst and graben to pull apart
setting close to fault scarps. Very coarse-grained and immature breccias have
generally been attributed to the Mitu in this region although they might very well
represent a local subfacies of the Sarayaquillo when close to Jurassic basin boundary
faults.

Pucar Group

The Pucar overall, represents the maximum flooding event of a major mega-
sequence with the Chambara and lower Aramachay Formations forming the lower
transgressive cycle and the upper Aramachay and Condorsinga/Sarayaquillo
Formations forming the upper regressive cycle. The Condorsinga Formation is
overlain conformably by the newly defined (Advantage, 2001), predominantly
evaporitic, Callanayacu Formation or by red beds of the Sarayaquillo Formation.

In the Ucayali Basin the eastern Pucar shoreline has a NS trend from approximately
just west of the Contaya Arch to the Agua Caliente field north of the Shira Mountains,
with the hinterland being located to the east. As interpreted by some, the Pucar
depression was a restricted basin partially isolated from the open sea by early positive
movement on the NWSE trending proto-Maraon high that acted as a subtle barrier
during basin development. An alternative explanation and the one supported by the
various PARSEP studies, is that the basin was segmented into a series of smaller
wrench related restrictive depocenters and that a good percentage of the deposited
evaporites were the result of sabkha deposition. Excellent examples of pre-existing
structural features controlling depositional patterns and facies distributions of Pucar
were presented by PARSEP (2002) in the Shanusi 1X well.

The distribution of the Pucar Group is restricted to subsurface occurrences in the

northwest and western portions of the Ucayali Basin, and in outcrops in the Fold
Thrust Belt. The Pucar as seen in outcrop, is a marine sequence that changes to a
continental facies and pinches out in its eastern occurrences. The exception to this is
the Aramachay Formation of the Pucar Group which maintains its marine organic-
rich character in the San Alejandro 1X and Agua Caliente 31D-1X wells as shown in
stratigraphic cross-Sections 3 and 7 (Appendix 2c and 2g). The Condorsinga
Formation of the upper Pucar Group was penetrated by the San Alejandro 1X and

42
was found to be a siliciclastic rich unit resting on the Aramachay Formation, which in
turn unconformably overlies the Copacabana Group. The Chambara Formation, of
the lower Pucar Group, pinches out to the west of the San Alejandro 1X well. In the
northeastern Ucayali Basin, the Pucar Group is recognized in the subsurface as in the
Huaya 3X well, as mainly a siliciclastic unit. The Pucar section intersected in the
Huaya 3X well is a red and brown red sequence of interbedded mudstone, siltstone
and sandstones. The mudstones are found in laminated beds, and the sandstones as
fine to very fine, occasionally medium-grained, and subangular with argillaceous
matrix and locally calcareous. The siltstone is sandy, micaceous, and locally
calcareous.

A less known carbonate/evaporitic sequence is recognized in the southern Ucayali

Basin in the southernmost Oxapampa wells, as shown in the stratigraphic cross-
sections 1, 2, 5-8 (Appendices 2a, b, e, f, g, and h). A 25m thick sandstone remnant
of Rhaetian-Hetangian age was found by Shell (1997) in the Mainique Gorge and
represents a unique occurrence of the Pucar Group east of the Shira Mountains. This
sequence is shown on stratigraphic cross-section 9 (Appendix 2i).

The Pucar has only been observed within the carbonate facies in the NW part of the
Ene Basin area. The possible presence of an uppermost Pucar is also anticipated
between the San Matias uplift and the Pachitea Basin, where black shales with sandy
levels containing evaporitic molds (Elf, 1996), have been identified. These could
represent the upper transitional facies from marine (Pucar) to continental
(Sarayaquillo) deposition. How this interval correlates to the Aramachay identified in
the San Alejandro well as both are described with very similar lithologies, will require
further investigation. The black shales of this latter interval in the Ene Basin are
barren due to overheating. These shales do, however, constitute the principal
decollement level at the base of the allochtonous unit of the San Matias thrust. Elf
concluded the Pucar Formation in this area records an intertonguing between internal
platform carbonates and related coast sabkha facies in which an influence of siliclastic
input is recorded. These observations support well, the regional analysis on the
Pucar as presented in this and previous PARSEP reports.

Evaporites (Salt)

In the northern and central Ucayali Basin, the evaporite section is generally present
only within the western areas of the Basin boundaries and can be readily identified
seismically (Appendix 3c, Figure 4) and mapped (Figure 17). The greatest
thicknesses are seen west of the Pisqui Rashaya structural trend in the northern
Ucayali Basin and within the disturbed belt west of the San Matias thrust where a salt
section has been penetrated by the Oxapampa 7-1 well. The salt occurrences appear
to be confined by a major Paleozoic northeast trending fault system with normal
displacement that was associated with the breakup of the stable platform, during Mitu
time. West of Rashaya Sur (Appendix 3g Figure 3) on the seismic line shown in
Appendix 3g Figure 5, such a fault with normal displacement of approximately 1
second of throw can be identified with the lower Mesozoic evaporitic section being
limited to the hanging wall block. It is believed that a series of isolated deep grabens
were formed during Mitu time and because of their restricted nature, were conducive
to the development of significant evaporite deposits. In other words, the evaporites
identified in the Ucayali Basin may largely be restricted to these depocenters and

43
consequently not more blanket-like in occurrence as they have been described in the
previous PARSEP works (PARSEP, 2002 a, b). A further example supporting this
can be documented East of the Pisqui Rashaya structural trend, where areally small
pods of evaporites can be found in isolated inverted half grabens as in the productive
Aguaytia structure as shown in Figure 18.

Figure 17: Isochron Map of the salt swells in the western Ucayali Basin. Cold colors
represent thins and hot colors represent thicks.

Sarayaquillo

With further regression of the Jurassic sea the Pucar Formation and evaporitic unit
were overlain by Middle to Late Jurassic continental red beds of the Sarayaquillo
Formation. Termination of the Sarayaquillo deposition coincides with the end of the
Jurassic, which is represented by the regional Nevadan unconformity over which lies
sediments of Cretaceous age.

44
 Aguaytia 1X

Seismic Line G31-163

Pozo
Chonta
TD Sarayaquillo
Agua Caliente
Base Cretaceous
Salt
Pucar
Copacabana
Cabanillas
Contaya

Figure 18: Seismic line across the Aguaytia structure showing the presence of salt (?) within an
Andean inverted, early Mesozoic-aged graben.

The Sarayaquillo Formation in the Ucayali Basin is largely restricted to northern

Ucayali, centered around the Contaya Arch, and in the north to central western
Ucayali Basin where thick sections of the sequence can be found overlying the salt on
the hanging walls of the large displacement pre-Mesozoic normal faults such as the
ones described in the previous section west of Rashaya Sur (Appendix 3g Figure 3).
The Sarayaquillo is virtually absent from the southern Ucayali Basin.

In the Ene Basin a considerable thickness of Sarayaquillo has been identified.

Although the basal contact of the Sarayaquillo with the Pucar is difficult to define in
this area, the lower Sarayaquillo was described by Elf (1996) as corresponding to a
lower coastal plain or lagoonal setting. The middle sequences were extremely
characteristic of the unit containing 100s of meters of conglomerate characteristic of
a distal alluvial fan or braidplain progradation, while the upper, was sandier and
representative of meandering channel and crevasse splay deposits corresponding to a
low gradient flood plain setting. Elf also suggested that even though all conglomeritic
series with oriented pebble structures were assigned to the Middle Sarayaquillo this
may also be representative of a more distal facies of a Mitu Breccia facies.

4.3.2.9 Cretaceous

The reader is referred to extensive and excellent studies done to date on the
Cretaceous stratigraphy in the Ucayali Basin in such works as Robertson Research
(RRI)s Petroleos del Per (1990) and Shell (1997) and in the Ene Basin, in Elf
(1996b). The objective of this PARSEP study was to correlate time units across the
Basin that could be tied back to seismic. The methodology to do so and the results are
described in detail in the preceding section. Within the context of the regional

45
stratigraphic cross-section grid and geological mapping that was done for this project,
the subtle details of the Cretaceous stratigraphy that are needed to further understand
its importance in defining hydrocarbon trapping geometries, were not examined.
Through the length of this study, digital well data was collected to further supplement
the Ucayali Basin database in preparation for such future studies.

An important observation emphasized in this study is the change between the

Mesozoic and late Paleozoic stratigraphy in the northern and southern Ucayali Basins
and across major structural features (hingelines) that show evidence of syn-
depositional influences. On this later point, several notable examples of structures
contemporaneous with Cretaceous sedimentation were described in both the Santiago
and Maraon Basins (PARSEP, 2002). Similar observations were also made by Elf in
the Ene Basin (Elf, 1996), who stated that synsedimentary block faulting is inferred in
the Basin in order to explain the rapid and important thickness variations from west to
east during Cretaceous time. Elf also noted (1996a) that the present day western
border of the Ene Basin does not correspond to the deepest part of the Cretaceous
Basin as was once thought. Rather, the basin probably thickened toward the west and
may have even been even thicker yet westward of the present-day Ene Basin where it
is now eroded.

The Cretaceous mega-sequence covers the entire Ucayali Basin with regional thinning
to the south as demonstrated in Cretaceous isopach map shown in Figure 19 and
stratigraphic cross-sections 2, 4, 6 and 8. The lower Cretaceous Cushabatay and Raya
Formations are seen to onlap the Cretaceous unconformity between Platanal and La
Colpa wells (stratigraphic cross-section 2) and between the Runuya and Sepa wells
(stratigraphic cross-section 4). The Cushabatay and Raya wedges align in a NE/SW
trend as shown in the subcrop lines drawn on Figure 19. In any case, the Cushabatay
and Raya Formations are present west of the N/S alignment formed by wells La Colpa
1X, Shahuinto 1X, Mashansha 1X and Sepa 1X (stratigraphic cross-section 10). The
regional lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic correlation and interpretation in these
stratigraphic cross-sections extend the uppermost section of the Agua Caliente
Formation to the southernmost Ucayali Basin including the Camisea area. PARSEP
places the top of this formation at the top of Shells Basal Chonta Sandstone and,
therefore, it also includes the sandstone unit of Cretaceous age designed as Upper Nia
as defined by Shell (1997). Stratigraphic cross-section 10 includes twelve wells east
of the Cushabatay and Raya wedges, which very clearly demonstrates the relationship
between the Agua Caliente Formation in the wells and the pre-Cretaceous sequence.
PARSEPs preliminary interpretation shows the Mashansha 1X well with a very thin
Agua Caliente Formation overlying the Copacabana Group.

Cushabatay

The Cushabatay is limited to the northern and western Ucayali Basin as noted above,
and the Ene Basin. Thickness variations of the Formation range from a maximum of
just over 400m in the Santa Clara 1X well of the Contaya Arch area (stratigraphic
cross-section 1) to over 200m in the Ene Basin and to 0m as the formation pinches out
to the south and east in the Ucayali and possibly over the central and southern Shira

46
Figure 19: Isopach of the Cretaceous in the Ucayali Basin from well control with the significant
pinchout (onlap) edges of the Cretaceous sequences highlighted. Note the dramatic thinning of the
Cretaceous from northwest to southeast.

47
Mountains (Elf, 1996b). The Formation forms a sharp-based fining upwards unit of
sandstones unconformably overlying the Sarayaquillo Formation. It consists of a
thick amalgamation of braided to low sinuosity channel belt sandstones. This broad,
laterally continuous sand body is overlain by the marine to restricted marine shales of
the Raya Formation, which end the broad transgressive trend recorded by the
Cushabatay.

Agua Caliente

The Upper Agua Caliente is seen onlapping Paleozoic aged units in the southern
Ucayali Basin as the entire Cretaceous section thins from North to South (Figure 19).

In the Camisea fields, we interpret the top of this unit to be equivalent to the top of the
Chonta Basal Sand of Shell nomenclature. It is found beneath a continuous shale unit
that can be correlated throughout the area, although the lithostratigraphic top of this
interval may in fact extend upwards into what Shell has designated the Lower Chonta
interval. If so it would therefore represent the upward continuation of a predominant
transgressive sequence of sandstones channels and mudstones.

In the Ene Basin, Elf refers the Agua Caliente as the Iscozacin (Elf, 1996b). Here the
Formation shows a shallowing upward trend toward littoral sandstones. These
sandstones are interbedded within illite-dominated formations. This package is
overlain by a 300m thick sequence of extremely shaly lower coastal plain facies
containing minor channel and crevasse splay sands. Field observations (Elf 1996)
show that the Iscozacin (Agua Caliente) acted as a decollement level with internal
deformations and duplications.

Chonta

Overall the Chonta Formation represents the end of a regional transgression and the
beginning of a regressive episode. The maximum flooding surface that occurred
during Chonta deposition more or less represents the division between the Upper and
Lower Chonta intervals. During the period of maximum flooding, marine conditions
were prevalent throughout the entire Ucayali Basin and deposition during this time
was restricted primarily to marine shales and limestones. In the Camisea area this
interval has excellent seal characteristics, containing several anhydrites beds within its
upper section.

The Chonta thins to the east and SE towards the Basin borders (stratigraphic cross-
sections 4 and 8) and it reaches a minimum drilled thickness of 150m. In the
easternmost well in the Basin, Panguana 1X, the Chonta has still maintained a high
shale content which comprises approximately 50% the section (stratigraphic cross-
sections 2 and 9) which is probably sufficient for it to maintain reasonable sealing
characteristics.

The Chonta Formation in the Ene Basin is made up of a thick (500-700m) thinly
bedded carbonate mudstone accumulation. It is clearly transgressive on the top of the
Agua Caliente with a backstepping of a siliciclastic dominate shelf, followed by an
aggradation of marine carbonate platform interrupted by a regressive event and finally

48
a regressive siliciclastic dominated shelf, which is cut at its top by a major
unconformity.

Vivian Formation

The nearshore regionally extensive Vivian sandstone complex is subdivided into 3

units, with the two sand sequences, the Upper and Lower Vivian being separated by
the Cachiyacu interval. The sands are quartz arenites, white, very fine to very coarse
-grained, poorly cemented with quartz overgrowths, and moderate to good
intergranular porosity. The Upper Vivian typically has kaolinitic authigenic clays
while the Lower Vivian sandstone as noted primarily in the southern Ucayali Basin,
has a much cleaner sand character. Channel sandstones develop in the base of both
sandstone units and rest on erosive contacts over their respective lower mudstones
units. The Cachiyacu represents the end of a transgressional cycle (fining upward
sequence) that begins with deposition of the Lower Sand. The Cachiyacu cycle
represents a period of considerable stratigraphic variability as it contain numerous
shales and discontinuous sands that have remained protected from fresh water
flushing which is more common than not in the Vivian section throughout the Basin.

The Vivian in the Ene Basin is found overlying the Chonta, separated by a significant
erosional unconformity and consists of channel sands that grade upward into a lower
coastal plain facies. These lower sandstones have been designated as the Lower
Vivian sandstone. The coastal plain interval shows an overall increase in marine
influences and is eventually overlain by a shoreface sandstone termed the Upper
Vivian. After a brief period of emersion there is further marine influence with the
deposition of marls and carbonated sandstones to sandy limestones, which is what has
been designated as the Cachiyacu by Elf (1996b). This is different from the
interpretation of PARSEP who regionally have called the interbedded shale package
between the Upper and Lower Vivian the Cachiyacu.

4.3.2.10 Tertiary

The Tertiary section consists of a wedge shape foredeep deposit of red bed cycles,
with poor hydrocarbon potential that is widely distributed throughout the Basin
overlying sediments of Cretaceous age. Paleocene aged sediments are normally
described overlying the Vivian Formation. Elf (1996b) has the Cachiyacu in the
Ene Basin as being overlain conformably by a regressive succession of lagoonal to
continental shale facies. The transition from the Cachiyacu is gradual, through a
rapid increase in reddened intervals until a there is a total disappearance of any gray
facies. As a consequence the boundary between the Cachiyacu and the Tertiary
sediments cannot be defined precisely as this facies boundary is probably somewhat
diachronous (Elf 1996b).

The sediments of Tertiary age consist of Paleocene/Pliocene Upper and Lower Red
Bed sequences separated by the Pozo Shale and Pozo Sand. The Pozo shale/Pozo
Sandstone couplet form one the strongest seismic events in the Maraon Basin and
can be mapped into the northern Ucayali Basin. This event represents a regional
marine incursion in the northern Sub-Andean basins and is coincidental in time with
important events of hydrocarbon generation. The Upper Red Bed unit includes the
Ipururo and Chambira Formations. In the south Ucayali Basin the Tertiary sediments

49
consist of an Upper Red Bed Member of red and red brown sandy and silty clays
interbedded with pale gray clays with sandstone units up to 15m thick and
conglomerates, truncated at an angular unconformity by river deposits. This unit is
underlain by a Conglomerate Member of Miocene age consisting of a thick sequence
of numerous channel conglomerates with well rounded mainly Paleozoic clasts,
sandstones, clays and coaly and silicified tree fragments. An underlying Sandstone
Member forms a coarsening upward sequence of gray and yellow lithic channeled
sandstones interbedded with red and brown clays.

As mentioned previously, the Pozo Shale and Pozo Sand units are identifiable only in
the northern Ucayali Basin although time equivalent markers can be mapped further
south of this limit. The Pozo Shale consists of olive green claystone resting on the
Pozo Sandstone made up of greenish gray sandstones, fine grained, silty, friable,
tuffaceous, micaceous and carbonaceous.

The Yahuarango or Lower Red Bed Member of Paleocene age is made up of red and
purple clays with nodular carbonate rich layers and contains Paleocene charofites in
the Camisea area. Lithic sandstone beds become more common upwards and it
grades transitionally into the Sandstone Member. Red brown and green siltstone and
mudstone are common in the northern portion of the Basin.

4.3.3 Structural Analysis of the Ucayali/Ene Area

The tectonic history of the Ucayali Basin is complex with the most significant events
spanning a period ranging from the Devonian to late Tertiary. This was discussed in a
preceding section (4.2 Regional Geology). Through this complex evolution a
number of prominent tectonic features were developed that give the Basin its present
geometry as well as having influenced sedimentation at various stages of Basin
development. This section of the report will focus on those elements that could be
documented and studied with the data at hand, which are listed below.

1. Devonian Faults
2. Late Paleozoic Faults (Mitu rifting) and Associated Structures
3. Late Andean Faults (Quechua III) and Associated Structures
4. Cushabatay High
5. Contaya Arch
6. Shira Mountains
7. Fold and thrust belt of the Ene and western Ucayali Basin
a. North and Central Areas
b. Oxapampa and Ene Basin Areas
c. Camisea Area

In this analysis of the Ucayali Basin a series of six structural profiles across the Basin
were constructed and are presented as Enclosures 3a to 3f on which many of the
above features can be observed. A brief description on these profiles is presented in
the section following this one.

50
4.3.3.1 Devonian Faults

Within the Ucayali Basin, Devonian faulting was only really observed in the southern
sector of the Basin. Two ages of faulting can clearly be documented. The earliest
represents a series of extensional faults that created deep half grabens during the
Devonian (and possibly earlier) that contain significant thickness of pre-
Carboniferous sediments. This is best seen on the seismic line displayed in Figure 5.
Additionally, the Devonian to Basement Isochron shown in Enclosure 5h, clearly
maps the areas of Devonian graben development within the southern Ucayali
foreland. Three very significant features, all with a north-south alignment can be seen
in the area between the Mashansha and Panguana wells. It is possible that these
depressions may be local source kitchens containing organically rich Cabanillas
Shales but further work will be required to confirm this as a possibility.

The second fault type (Figure 6) is in response to the Eo-Hercynean compression in

the Late Devonian, which resulted in a major unconformity separating sediments of
Devonian and Carboniferous age. This compressional event as supported by some,
produced a swarm of northsouth oriented faults that established the structural grain
of the weakness in the basement of the Ucayali Basin (Anadarko, 1999). In the
preceding paragraph, however evidence is stated that this north-south trend may have
been established well before the Eo-Hercynean compression and what has been
interpreted as a result of this later tectonism, is just a reactivation of an older fault set.

4.3.3.2 Late Paleozoic Faults/Structures

Almost the entire Ucayali Basin shows remnants of the late Permian extensional
event. Similar Paleozoic block faulting and preservation was observed to the north in
the SE Maraon Basin (PARSEP, 2002b). This tectonic event is one of the most
significant events that happened in the Ucayali Basin and is particularly important
when viewed from a hydrocarbon exploration perspective. The reasons for this are
the following:

1. Many of the major structural features in the Ucayali Basin such as the Contaya
Arch and Shira Mountains owe their ancestral history to the late Permian
extension as they were initiated as significant horst blocks during this time.
- Early structural growth allows for the capture and containment of earlier
migrating oil, as structures with just an Andean history, do not.
2. Within the graben areas, thick sequences of Carboniferous to late Permian
sediments containing source rock and reservoir sequences were protected from
later peneplation by early Cretaceous erosion.
3. Regionally low areas and isolated grabens that were areas of lower Mesozoic
sedimentation and preservation were created. Included in this would be thick
salt sequences within lower Mesozoic restricted basins, and the deposition of
the Pucar Group, which is considered to be the principal source rock in the
northern Ucayali.
4. Development of subtle highs and lows that have influenced deposition
environments and hence, reservoir development. The best example of this is
within the Pucar section as intersected by the Shanusi 1X well in the
Southern Maraon Basin (PARSEP, 2002a). An example similar to this is
presented in Section 7.3.2.1

51
Orientation of the late Permian faults generally appears to be in a northerly direction
with a tendency to favor a NNE orientation, i.e. Aguaytia. Features such as the
Contaya Arch and the Shira Mountains, which were supposedly to have been initiated
as horsts during this time, have a more of a NNW (Shira) and NW (Contaya)
orientation but this may be reflecting more of a later superimposed Andean imprint.

Very often these late Permian faults were reactived during the Andean Orogeny as
inversion features such as Aguaytia, or through a further accentuation of the older
high block. However, in many instances as seen in the figures shown within
Appendix 3h (Rashaya Sur), there is little to no reactivation. The Coninca-Pisqui
Anticlinal trend is a good example where the older NNW trending faults show little
reactivation and, where they do, it is only in a strike-slip manner, where they act as
relays between NW trending en echelon Andean faults (Appendix 3h).

4.3.3.3 Late Andean Foreland Faults/Structures

Generally speaking the late Andean aged faults of the Ucayali Basin and their
associated structures, are well documented. They often have a strong surface
expression, can be readily mapped seismically with most seismic programs having
been designed to better define these features, and finally, it is the Andean aged
structures on which almost all of the wells in the Basin have been drilled.

In the northern Ucayali Basin, several very prominent structural trends exist that are
generally just a result of Late Andean tectonics. The first is the Pisqui Coninca
Rashaya Sur trend near the eastern border of the Basin, and the second is the Maquia
Cashiboya trend near the eastern border. Both have the very distinctive NW
Andean orientation, and, as yet, production has been established only on the Maquia
Cashiboya trend.

In the southern Ucayli Basin the most significant pure Andean aged structure is Sepa,
which was drilled by Shell in the 1980s. The only other structure comparable in size
in the foreland Basins of Peru would be the Loreto Structure of the southern Maraon
Basin.

Many other Andean aged features such as Aguaytia, the Tamaya Rio Caco trend, in
the central Maraon, and the large mega-structures such as the Shira Mountains and
the Contaya arch are also present, but they are largely reactivations of older
structures.

4.3.3.4 Cushabatay High

The Cushabatay High is a very prominent structural feature with Jurassic Sarayaquillo
exposed on the surface, bordering the northern Ucayali Basin (Enclosure 2a). The
interpretation of PARSEP (2002a) has the Cushabatay High as very a significant half
graben filled with sediments of Pucar and Mitu age that developed concomitantly
with the NW SE trending horsts and grabens seen in the foreland of the Maraon
Basin in response to the Permo-Triassic extensional event. The Cushabatay graben
was filled with a very thick succession of Mitu overlain by Pucar, Sarayaquillo and
Cretaceous sediments that was later inverted some time between the latest-most

52
Figure 20: Seismic Profile 3 from PARSEP (2002a), extending from the Huallaga Basin (left) to the
Ucayali Basin (right) showing the interpreted inverted nature of the Cushabatay High, late Permian-
early Triassic half graben.

53
Cretaceous and pre-Chazuta/Shanusi thrusting in the late Tertiary of the southern
Maraon Basin (Figure 20). As this structure was in place prior to the forward-most
advancement of the fold and thrust belt, it acted as a buttress to any further eastward
advancement of the FTB into the Basin in much the same manner as the Tiraco Dome
to its north and Shira Mountains to its south.

4.3.3.5 Contaya Arch

The Contaya Arch is a roughly N-S trending structure that represents the northeastern
limit of the Ucayali Basin, separating it from the southern Maraon Basin (Enclosure
2a). The Contaya Arch has typically been called an ancestral horsted structure with
its origins beginning in the Permo-Triassic and Jurassic, then uplifted by compression
in the Neogene (SPT, 1993). Some have postulated that it may have even originated
as early as the Devonian (SPT, 1993). Whether this is the origin of the Contaya arch
or it is a product of a late Cretaceous-early Triassic inversion as interpreted for the
Cushabatay High, or a product of continued wrenching along the proposed NE
trending Contaya Shear zone, which separates the Maraon and Ucayali Basins as
proposed by Tankard (2001), is a subject for future debates.

4.3.3.6 Shira Mountains

The Shira Mountains and their subsurface extension to the north is perhaps the most
prominent tectonic element in the Ucayali. On the surface, this feature trends
NNW/SSE from the central north Ucayali down south, to the west of the Camisea
area. Its subsurface extension to the north extends into the Cashiboya/Maquia and
Contaya Arch areas following the surface Ucayali River alignment. This regional
structural alignment coincides with the Sarayaquillo and Pucar eastern wedges that
divides the Ucayali Basin into a deep western basin with a thick sedimentary section
containing a thick early Mesozoic section, and a shallower eastern basin where the
Cretaceous is found directly overlying the Paleozoic.

On the surface, the Shira Mountains divide the southern basin into a larger eastern
portion, and a western portion that includes the Oxapampa/Ene fold and thrust belt
and the Pachitea sub-basin.

Some of the initial geological maps available prior to the 1996 field work done by Elf
along the west central Shira uplift, indicated that all the Mesozoic series was present
but reduced in thickness. Field data along seismic lines 96-ENE-03, 5, 7 and 9
(Enclosures 2c) indicate that only Upper Cretaceous (Cachiyacu, Vivian) is present,
which in turn is found resting unconformably on the Permo-Carboniferous series
(Ambo, Tarma, Copacabana). The Ene Formation was not identified. These
observations were supported by gravity data, which suggests that the crystalline
basement is shallower in the Shira uplift and that the overlying sedimentary cover is
thinner than in the surrounding area (Elf, 1996)

In summary the Shira Mountains are interpreted to be an ancestral horst block formed
during late Permian time (Mitu rifting) and is found to have the latest Cretaceous
sediments overlying rocks of Paleozoic age. This would imply either:

54
 1. A late onlap of the Cretaceous onto a Paleozoic high that had remained
emergent through most of the Mesozoic, or;
2. A major erosion of most of the Cretaceous during the Peruvian tectonic phase.

The final event affecting the Shira Mountains was the significant uplift that occurred
in later Neogene which elevated the mountains to a considerable height.

Of importance are the observations that the Shira Mountains are seen cutting the
western Ucayali FTB into two discontinuous segments, and is clearly seen to be
acting as a buttress to any further eastward advancement of the Oxapampa/Ene FTB.
It would therefore seems safe to conclude that there was significant uplift in the
Tertiary of Shira Mountains in an event or series of events that pre-date the latest
deformation seen in the Oxapampa/Ene and Camisea FTBs (Figure 22). This is
similar to what has been suggested for the Cushabatay High as well (PARSEP, 2002a)

4.3.3.7 Fold and thrust belt of the Ene and western Ucayali Basin

North and Central Areas

The fold and thrust belt of the northern Ucayali begins with the Chazuta thrust located
to the west of the Cushabatay High, which continues south and is found separating the
Huallaga Basin from the Ucayali Basin. From previous studies (PARSEP 2002), it
was determined that the movement on Chazuta Thrust represents approximately 45km
of horizontal shortening. The Chazuta thrust is controlled by seismic in the Huallaga
Basin (PARSEP 2002a) but there is little subsurface control south of this area and
published quadrangle maps of Ingemmet (Appendix 2a and 2b) were utilized for the
following interpretation.

At approximately the westernmost point of seismic line CP739802 (Appendix 2a) the
thrust belt is offset to the east by what is interpreted to be a northwest trending lateral
ramp after which the fold belt trends almost north to south to near the Oxapampa Area
(Appendix 2a and 2d). The interpretation of the thrust front from the Ingemmet data
in the northern Ucayali is shown on Enclosures 3a to 3d. Structural Section A
(Enclosure 3a) shows a west verging fault detaching at depth into a east verging blind
thrust. Structural Sections B and C (Enclosures 3b and 3c) show an east verging
thrust front with overturned beds and the southernmost line Section D, is depicted
simply as an east verging thrust.

Oxapampa and Ene Basin Areas

The delineation of the Oxapampa/Ene fold and thrust segment is depicted in Figure 2.
The northern edge of this segment is also offset to the east by another interpreted
lateral ramp, which is similar to what was seen within the northern segment. The
eastward leading edge of the Oxapampa/Ene segment is defined by the San Matias
Fault, which trend roughly NNW, separating the fold and thrust belt from a sliver of
the west central Ucayali Basin, often referred to as the Pachitea Basin. This in turn
terminates into an older basement cored uplift trending North, the Shira Mountains,
where the thrust belt collides with the Shira Mountains, south of the Oxapampa wells.
The area South of this is what has been historically referred to as the Ene Basin.

55
Figure 21: Map of the Shira Mountains (Pajonal High), Pachitea Basin and the Oxapamapa and
Ene Basin Fold and thrust Belt showing the major tectonic features (after Elf, 1996a). Elf has
divided the Ene Basin into three regions, the northern, central and southern Ene Basins

The Ene Basin has been designated as a basin largely due the presence of Tertiary
aged sediments. These sediments, however, are nothing more than the preservation of
younger sediments within the intervening lows between thrust sheets south (Figure
22) as the older sediments are progressively found at increasing depths from north to
south.

Two structural profiles are shown through this thrust belt segment.. The first is
Section E (Enclosure 3e), which goes through the Oxapampa 7-1 well, the San Matias
Thrust, the Pachitea Basin and into the Shira Mountains. The interpretation
presented here is different than the one made by Elf (1996c). PARSEP has
interpreted two major thrusts versus one by Elf, with a detachment surface somewhere
near the base of salt and Mitu levels. The reason for this was that two salt bodies at
different levels were interpreted in the seismic line Elf96-12, and as depicted in
Structural Section E, the only way to allow this was with the repeat of a
Mitu/Salt/Pucar succession.

56
Figure 22: Structural profile through the central Ene Basin modeled from the interpretation of
seismic line Elf96-09 (after Elf, 1996c). In this region, the principal detachment surface and zone of
multiple imbrications, is interpreted to be within the Cabanillas Formation. The Elf interpretation
has the western margin of the Shira Mountains as an old high controlled by a series of down to the
west normal faults of substantial displacement that acted as a buttress to eastern the advancing
thrust front.

57
The second profile, Structural Section G, (Figure 22) is taken from Elfs interpretation
of Elf96-09 in the central Ene Basin. At this point it should be noted that the SEGY
data set provided to PARSEP through the Ene Basin was an earlier processed version
with much poorer reflector continuity in the structurally complex areas than the one
used by Elf in their final interpretation. Consequently, this report relies heavily upon
Elfs interpretation within the Ene Basin Area. This profile shows the principal
detachment surface of the Ene thrusting to be within the Cabanillas Formation, which
is also depicted as a zone containing multiple imbrications.

Figure 23: Magnetic Map (reduced to pole total field) of the Ene Basin showing the contrast in
magnetic characteristics been the northern Ene Basin and the Central and Southern Basins across the
Tambo Fault zone.

58
Figure 24: Evolution of the of the Tambo Fault zone (After Elf, 1996a) Two alternative
explanations with the inactive paleogeographic limit scenario being favored.

The interpretation of the eastern boundary of the Ene Basin and its relationship with
the Shira Mountains remains controversial. Field data in the area indicate the
presence of numerous diffuse extensional criteria (several observed normal faults and
sinistral wrench movements along the Tambo Fault zone direction). The chronology
of these two events has not been established. Field data confirms the seismic
interpretation of Tertiary series against relatively none-deformed Paleozoic
formations of the Shiras (Elf 1996c). This interpretation fits well the regional
interpretation of PARSEP in this and its preceeding studies (PARSEP, 2002a and b).

If the north trending Shira Mountains are controlled by a series of down to the west
normal faults of substantial displacement, this trend of older normal faults is probably
contemporaneous with Mitu deposition, and would parallel and be generically related
to the major pre-Mesozoic normal faults in the north to central western Ucayali and
the east central Ucayali as discussed in a previous section (4.3.3.2). In many ways the
Shira Mountains are acting in much the same manner as the Tiraco Dome and
Cushabatay Mountains to the north (PARSEP, 2002a) where they are older emplaced
highs acting as a buttress to the eastward advancement of the fold and thrust belt.

Elf in their evaluation of Block 66 divided the Ene Basin into three regions, the
northern, central and southern basins (Figure 21). The northern Ene Basin as depicted

59
by Elf (1996a) is bounded to the east by the Cordillera San Matias thrust and includes
the southern Oxapampa area. Its southern margin is roughly paralleling the Tambo
Fault Zone although there is no field evidence that this fault crosses through the
Basin. Nevertheless the magnetic data indicates a meaningful limit between two
different sectors of the Basement showing significantly different characteristics
(Figure 23). This emphasizes a deep inherited tectonic element that might have
influenced the paleogeography of the successive Mesozoic and Cenozoic Basins. In
terms of magnetic basement, the Tambo fault zone crossed the Ene Basin and extends
outside the Elf survey areas in both direction. It is associated with a major
susceptibility contrast between sediments and basement suggesting the possibility of
an oceanic or at least a transitional crust at depth.

The Tambo Fault zone can be interpreted as an inherited non-reactivated structure or

as an active strike-slip fault during Andean compression (Figure 24). As there is no
evidence of strike-slip movement or associated deformation (fold axis deflection)
west of the Tambo Fault Zone, it appears more as a passive limit between the Basin
and a basement high. Present day seismicity in the area also suggests that it is an
almost inactive entity (Figure 25). Elf proposes that the Shira Mountains acted as a
buttress and the observed en-echelon anticlines pattern in the Basin could be
associated to the influence of this rigid area. The tectonic evolution of this zone in
this later case is shown in Figure 24.

Figure 25: Location of present day seismicity in the Ene Basin and surrounding area (from Elf,
1996c).

60
The central Ene sub-basin (Figure 21 and 22) is occupied by a huge Tertiary syncline
whose syncline axis crossed across the boundary (Tambo Fault Zone) into the
northern sub-basin without displaying any evidence of a change of direction or
displacement. The boundary with the southern basin has been interpreted from
gravimetric data which indicates a roughly N-W step. As the northern sub-basin, it
also is affected by important active seismicity (Figure 25).

The southern Ene sub-basin from remote sensing and gravimetric analysis shows
significant differences with other parts of the Ene Basin. Surface structures appear to
be more continuous. The amount of deformation appears less important and the
wavelength of the structures is larger. The basement is apparently shallower than in
the northern and central sub-basins and the seismicity of the area (Figure 25) shows
strong discrepancies between the North and Central sub-basins that could reveal a
change in decollement level and consequently a major change in the paleogeographic
environment (Elf, 1996c).

Camisea Area

The Camisea area has been the focus of attention for a large number of years with the
discovery of the giant San Martin and Cashiriari and the smaller Mipaya
gas/condensate fields in the 1980s, and the Pagoreni in the 1990s, in the thrust and
fold belt of the southern Ucayali Basin. Consequently, much effort has gone into the
structural interpretation of the extensive data in this area by such companies as Shell
and Chevron. PARSEP due to time constraints and a limited seismic data set of
varying quality (see Section 5.0 on Geophysics) could never duplicate the excellent
work done in this region, especially by Shell. Additionally, with the recent
acquisition of a large 3D program over the Camisea Fields by Pluspetrol that may
ultimately redefine the geology of this area or at least in all certainty, refine it, the
PARSEP Group largely reviewed this area in order to incorporate it into the regional
context of the Ucayali/Ene Basin evaluation. The remainder of this section on the
Camisea area will be to highlight a number of observations that impact regional
tectonic trends rather than a discussion on the detailed structural interpretation of this
complex area. Structural Section F (Enclosure 3f) is the one exception to this, which
traverses the southern Basin tying outcrop, seismic and well data. This section
depicts the fold and thrust belt from the Paleozoic trusted region of the southern
Camisea area, across the San Martin structure and into the Basin.

Section F shows that the anticlinal structures of the Camisea area are typically ramp
fault bend folds with the principal detachment surface being contained within the
Ambo/Devonian section. In work that was done subsequent to this section, the Ambo
is seen to thin dramatically after the termination of the eastern-most thrust. This
being the case, it would appear that the forward advancement of the thrust front was
controlled by a depositional hingeline within the Ambo that probably had a tectonic
origin (Figure 9).

The Camisea fold belt is separated from the northern segments of the western fold belt
by the Shira Mountains, a positive tectonic feature that pre-dates the Camisea
thrusting (Figure 2). The termination of the fold belt against the Shira Mountains is
through a gradual diminishing of fault throw, both horizontally and vertically from
east to west, which is roughly coincidental with the Tambo Fault Zone. This

61
Figure 26: Late Cretaceous Tertiary paleogeography in which the locus of subsidence and
deposition was the Maraon Oriente basin area. co, Contaya high; cob, boundary between
continental and oceanic crust; csz, Contaya shear zone; cu, Cushabatay high; Cv, Cordillera
Vilcabamba range and shear zone; fc, Fitzcarrald anticline; Hu, Huallaga basin; j-n, Jambeli-
Naranjal shear zone; MdD, Madre de Dios range; Pr, Progreso basin; s, oil seeps; Sa, Santiago
basin; Ta, Talara basin; Tr, Trujillo basin; Uc, Ucayali basin; vu, Vuana fault. (after Tankard
2002).

decrease in amplitude from east to west has resulted in the development of much
smaller structures such as Mipaya in the west relative to the large structures such as
San Martin and Cashiriari, to the east.

62
Figure 27: Series of three seismic lines aligned on the San Martin Anticline showing the northeast
propogation of the thrust front into the southern Ucayali Basin from west to east.

63
Tankard (2001) in his study done for PARSEP describes the Madre de Dios fold-
thrust belt (Camisea FTB in this study) as consisting of northward-verging, stacked
thrust sheets. The western margin of the thrust belt is rotated into an arcuate string of
faults against which it abuts. This arcuate string of structures is locally expressed in
the northward-oriented Cordillera Vilcabamba (Figure 26) that has a discordant
relationship to the overall tectonic fabric of Peru, and continues northward to form the
eastern sidewall or termination of the Acre basin, and finally appears to link the Acre
and Solimoes basins of Brazil. Like the Madre de Dios, the Solimoes basin also
suffered structural inversion at this time.

Tankard feels that the geometric relationships showing the northward-verging Madre
de Dios (Camisea) fold-thrust belt was rotating into this Vilcabamba fault system,
suggesting a left-lateral sense of displacement and lateral-ramp affinities (Figure 26).
The Cenozoic granitoids that form the Vilcabamba Cordillera are attributed to
transtensional dilation along this shear zone. This Vilcabamba shear zone
accommodated structural shortening, and relayed the compressional stresses into the
Solimoes basin as well. In this context, the faulted Fitzcarrald anticline (Figure 26)
was formed as a lateral fold associated with transcurrent displacement along the
principal Vilcabamba shear zone.

Before leaving the Camisea area one further point needs to be emphasized. It was
mentioned previously that the thin-skinned thrusting of the Camisea trend diminishes
to the west. Conversely, to the east of San Martin and Cashiriari it increases in
amplitude and steps out through a series of NNE trending lateral ramps further into
the Ucayali Basin creating several additional anticlinal trends that have not yet been
drilled. Three seismic lines shown in sequence in Figure 27 in the San Martin area
show the Camisea FTB progressively stepping out into the southern Ucayali Basin.

4.3.3.8 Structural Profiles

The structural profile study for the Ucayali Area was done to complete to scale
regional sections through the Basin utilizing all available data, which included seismic
data, exploratory wells, geologic field data, and geological maps. In the construction
of the profiles, where data was available, seismic was tied to the surface geology and
to wells in the subsurface with synthetics. The structural cross-sections (Enclosure 3a
to f) were prepared using a horizontal scale of 1: 100,000 and a vertical scale of
1:50,000. The six regional dip lines constructed for the Ucayali Basin are as follows:

Section A (Enclosure 3a)

FTB Santa Clara Orellana Area: This section shows a triangle zone developing
in the eastern area of the fold thrust belt. The section extends to the northeast through
the boundaries of the northern Ucayali into the southern Maraon passing first the
southern subsurface projection of the Cushabatay High and then the northern
subsurface projection of the Contaya Arch. Note the exceptionally thick section of
Ene interpreted to be preserved within the stratigraphic section.

64
Section B (Enclosure 3b)

FTB Pisqui Cashiboya Sur Area: The western margin of the Basin is represented
by a NW-SE trending NE-directed thrust with overturned beds. The profile crosses
the Pisqui anticline, a NW- SE trending asymmetrical feature that is bounded to the
east by a steeply west dipping, basement involved thrust fault. A thick lower
Mesozoic and possibly Ene section is preserved on the west flank of the structure.
After crossing a relatively untectonized section through the synclinal axis of the
Basin, the profile crosses the Cashiboya Sur feature, a popup-type structure which has
the Cretaceous sitting on a pre-Carboniferous section with the entire Copacabana
Group having been eroded off.

Section C (Enclosure 3c)

FTB Aguaytia Moa Divisor: The western area of the cross-section through the
thrust zone belt resembles that of the preceding section. In the western foreland
(Figure 28), the significant structures in this section are the southern continuation of
the Pisqui structure and the Aguaytia-Zorrillos feature, which is a productive gas
field. The Aguaytia feature is a NE-SW trending asymmetrical anticline, bounded to
the east by a steep NW dipping thrust fault. It is more than 100 km long, with steep
dipping eastern flank. On the eastern edge of the section is an interesting inversion
feature with a thick preserved Ene section beneath the Cretaceous. The eastern
boundary of the Basin here is defined in part by the Moa uplift to the north which lies
just inside, and sub parallel to, the Peruvian-Brazilian border.

Section C

Figure 28: Radar image of western regions of the Ucayali Basin crossed by Section C. Section B is
located parallel to C but just off the map to the north.

65
Section D (Enclosure 3d)

FTB Chio San Alejandro Agua Caliente South of Moa Divisor: This section
crosses several important geological features in the Ucayali Basin. They are, from
west to east:

1. The east verging FTB;

2. Thick salt swells of lower Mesozoic age that trend NW (drilled by the Chio
well);
3. The San Alejandro Structure;
4. The productive Agua Caliente Structure which represents the northern
subsurface extension of the Shira Mountains to the south; and
5. The northern plunge of the Tamaya-Rio Caco, north to south trending
anticline.

The Agua Caliente anticline is a NW- SE oriented dome-like structure, bounded to the
east by the westward-dipping Shira thrust; it is characterized by 20-35 E dipping
horizons on the eastern flank, and by 10 W dipping horizons on the western flank.
The anticline is breached and the Agua Caliente Formation crops out at the core of the
anticline, and the Chonta Formation crops out on the border. West of the Agua
Caliente structure there is a thick sequence of lower Mesozoic sediments preserved
that thin gradually to the east. East of the Agua Caliente structure, there are none.

Section E (Enclosure 3e)

Oxapampa Area Shira Mountains NE of Mashansha: In the west, this cross-

section was constructed using the ELF 12 seismic line, which is located 6 kilometers
east of the Oxapampa 7-1 well. Field data indicate that Tertiary sediments outcrop
along most of the line except to the east in the cordillera San Matias where the Upper
Cretaceous Formations (Vivian, Cachiyacu) have been identified. East of the line, the
main thrust related to the San Matias thrust comes to the surface. Seismic and the
surface outcrops would suggest the presence of several thrusts in the San Matias
Mountains. Several salt sections were identified at different levels on seismic that
would further support the presence of several significant thrusts.

The Shira Mountains are the prominent structural feature on this section, which are
the topographic expression of a large asymmetrical anticline feature, found dipping
gradationally to the west and bounded by a major thrust fault system on the eastern
flank, a result of later Tertiary faulting. The elevation of the Shira Mountains is over
1000 meters above sea level. Some basement outcrops can be observed in the eastern
flank of the Shira anticline. Thinning of sediments from west to east indicates that the
Shira Mountains have been a paleo-high during different sedimentation stages.

Section F (Enclosure 3f)

Camisea area NE Panguana Area: The Camisea section crosses two different
structural provinces, the highly deformed western province with multiple thin-skinned
thrust faults, and the much less deformed eastern province. Deformation in the FTB
gradually decreases in intensity from the southwest to the northeast. The highly

66
shortened trends in the SW are almost no longer present towards the NE as the
anticlines progressively plunge and loose structural relief. The frontal thrust of the
FTB shown on the profile represents the San Martin Anticline on which the San
Martin, Cashiriari and Pagoreni gas/condensate discoveries have been made.

67
 5.0 GEOPHYSICS
5.1 INTRODUCTION

Seismic interpretation was carried out in two halves North and South. Interpretation
of Ucayali North was done using the WinPics interpretation software from Kernel
Technologies, on a PC platform. Interpretation of Ucayali South was carried out on
Schlumberger GeoQuest IESX software mounted on a Sun Workstation in a Unix
environment.

Prior to interpretation, however, a number of serious navigational errors with the data
sets needed to be corrected. The first that needed to be done was to change the of
datums from PSAD 56 to WGS 84 and the second one, to change the projection from
TM to UTM.

To fix the first problem the datum was changed from PSAD 56 to a WGS 84 datum
using the coordinates from National Geographic Institute (IGN). The second issue
was considerably more complex. This was fixed by using the points of the seismic
coverage carried out by Norpac during the Petroperus seismic survey between 1983-
1984, in addition to three Satellite points taken for PAN ENERGY from when they
drilled the San Alejandro 1X well. Using this data the Transformation deltas
(Projection differences) were calculated, and the coordinates for all the seismic
surveys carried out from latest seventies to the present were standardized.

The data sets used in the study and the number of lines available in each is presented
in Table 1 below
No SURVEY NAME AREA # de Lneas KM
1 AGUA CALIENTE NORTH UCAYALI 3 63.53
2 COASTAL PERU NORTH UCAYALI 7 227.66
3 DEMINEX NORTH UCAYALI 2 64.37
4 GSI 31 NORTH UCAYALI 43 1062.02
5 GSI 35 NORTH UCAYALI 33 1243.82
6 ANADARKO NORTH UCAYALI 9 630.57
7 HUAYA 80 NORTH UCAYALI 8 132.65
8 HUAYA 90 NORTH UCAYALI 6 73.11
9 COASTAL OIL & GAS NORTH UCAYALI 13 377.75
10 MAPPLE NORTH UCAYALI 6 75.24
11 NORPAC NORTH UCAYALI 21 446.27
12 PACAYA NORTH UCAYALI 9 87.78
13 SIGNAL NORTH UCAYALI 52 1525.43
14 HISPANOIL SOUTH UCAYALI 19 889.41
15 CHEVRON SOUTH UCAYALI 29 612.42
16 OXY 36 SOUTH UCAYALI 22 634.60
17 REPSOL SOUTH UCAYALI 26 1014.23
18 SHELL UB SOUTH UCAYALI 46 1181.43
19 SHELL UBA SOUTH UCAYALI 23 792.02
20 TOTAL SOUTH UCAYALI 36 2321.13
21 ENE ENE BASIN 10 300.82
21 <== TOTALS ==> 413 13455.45
Table 1: Seismic surveys used in the Ucayali study

68
All seismic lines, with navigation headers, have been saved in SEG-Y format on tape.
The tape also includes a .txt file on the navigation information used, and the
interpretations (horizons and faults) in ascii format.

5.2 DATA QUALITY

The data quality in the Northern half of the study was moderate to good. The data was
recorded between 1973 and 1998. Large holes in the SEGY data set unfortunately
prevented the north central basinal area from being interpreted, i.e. the Tiruritan 1X
area.

In the Southern half, data quality varied from very good to very bad. In particular
some of the Shell SHL-UBA series of lines had been processed for amplitude only,
and this was the only version of these lines available. Lines that did not tie to the main
data set (i.e., did not physically connect) were not used in the interpretation. None of
the Hispanoil line were used in the interpretation as they are of such poor quality.
Many lines had to be trace decimated on-screen to make them properly visible and
interpretable. The flexibility of the software was a great advantage in giving the
interpreter the advantage of changing displays quickly as needed.

In summary, the variable quality of the data did give some problems, and some lines
were not used in the interpretation, but on the whole interpretation was carried out
successfully within the given time frame.

5.3 WELL TIES

5.3.1 Ucayali North

Out of the 25 wells in the Ucayali North area, 13 reached the Paleozoic, and 3 reached
Basement of which a large number were used to generate synthetic seismograms to tie
to the seismic data. This was done directly in WinPics by first importing LAS files
with tops, creating a synthetic, and then to exporting the synthetic into a composite
seismic line on the workstation.

5.3.2 Ucayali South

Table 2 shows the wells used to tie the data and the lines to which they tied:

WELL SEISMIC LINE SP

SEPA 1-X shl-uba-01 SP 1056

MASHANSHA 1-X rep35-128 SP 654
MIPAYA 1-X shl-uba-19 SP 1392
SAN MARTIN 1-X shl-uba-13 CDP 32585
Table 2: Wells used for synthetic seismogram ties (Ucayali South).

69
Of the above wells, only the Sepa 1-x and Mashansha 1-x penetrated basement.

Synthetic seismograms for the well ties were generated in the Digi-rule software
system and plotted out on an HP 650 color plotter, then tied to paper plots of the
seismic sections as the software did not support inputting the wells logs and
generating the synthetics on screen. It is recommended that for future projects
PeruPetro add this software package to the GeoQuest interpretation workstation.

5.4 HORIZONS INTERPRETED

In Ucayali North, only the following horizons of the many that were interpreted, have
been included as data files in this report:
1. Top Pozo (and its time equivalent)
2. Base Cretaceous
3. Salt (lower Mesozoic)
4. Copacabana
5. Contaya

In the Southern half of the project, the following horizons were interpreted, and tied to
the wells in Table 2:
1. Upper Cretaceous
2. Base Cretaceous
3. Tambo
4. Top Devonian
5. Basement

The main faults throughout the area were interpreted and mapped, and fault boundary
files generated.

5.5 MAPS PLOTTED

The following maps were generated and plotted

Two-way time structure maps (Ucayali North):

1. Top Pozo
2. Base Cretaceous
3. Top Copacabana
4. Top Contaya

Two-way time structure maps (Ucayali South):

1. Upper Cretaceous
2. Base Cretaceous
3. Tambo
4. Top Devonian
5. Basement

Isochron Maps (Ucayali North):

1. Top Pozo Base Cretaceous
2. Base Cretaceous Top Contaya
3. Salt Unit

70
Isochron Maps (Ucayali South):
1. Cretaceous (upper to base)
2. Upper Cretaceous to Tambo
3. Top Devonian to Basement (i.e. Palaeozoic)

A word is in order in general about the mapping before discussing the individual
maps.

Maps for Ucayali North were generated in the WinPics interpretation system. WinPics
does not allow for the honoring of fault boundaries in the contouring package.
However fault boundaries are displayed on the maps and the general form of the
structuring is clearly evident.

Maps for Ucayali South were generated and contoured using the Schlumberger
GeoQuest IESX software. The time constraints placed on this project made detailed
editing of the machine-generated contouring impossible. Gridding parameters were
chosen to maximize the use of the data points without in the one extreme over-
smoothing of the data, or in the other extreme producing false anomalies. This meant
that the program had difficulty honoring the throw across the faults. However the
overall structural elements of the area are clear in the mapping. The thrust belt in the
South that contains the Camisea field is very evident. Again, time constraints made it
impossible to map anything other than the main faults. The Sepa structure is clearly
mapped, as are the large throw thrusts seen in the west against the Shira uplift.

The maps are included in the text of the report as page-sized plots, as well as
enclosures.

5.5.1 General Comments

Ucayali North All mapped horizons exhibit a basic North-South trend, with
shallow structuring to the North-East and South-West, separated by a low. All
horizons are affected by faults trending South-East North-West.

Ucayali South There are some comments to be made about features that are
common to all the horizons above the Devonian. Along the San Martin thrust, all
reflectors exhibit rollover into the various thrusts. The thrusting is very much
controlled by deeper events, including older thrusting at the Devonian level that
appears to have been the nucleus for younger movement. It should be noted that there
are some structures still undrilled along this trend.

Within the northern part of this Southern Ucayali area there are high-angle reverse
faults, with fairly small throw, that are re-activations of older, normal faults marking
the edges of grabens and half-grabens. The Mashansha well was drilled on the
upthrown side of one of these faults.

In the Mashansha area there is a marked basement graben that is the location of a
large Cretaceous channel (discussed later in this report). It is evident that the location
of the channel was controlled by the presence of older faulting. This zone of weakness
would have been a controlling factor in the drainage system at that time. The younger,

71
reverse faulting associated with the graben system affects all three of the shallower
horizons.

The structuring along the San Martin trend has been well documented, and is
confirmed in the present study. Closed, rollover structures into the main San Martin
thrust have resulted in several successful wells (Mipaya, San Martin, Pagoreni,
Cashiriari). The present study identifies an undrilled structure, again a rollover into a
thrust fault, to the north of the San Martin wells (seismic line SHL-UBA-22, Figure
29).

Figure 29: Seismic SHL-UBA-22 showing the San Martin structure on the South end of the line,
and an un-drilled structure just over half way along the line. The two red horizons mark the
Cretaceous interval. The blue pick is Top Devonian, the cyan is Basement.

5.5.2 Time Structure Maps Ucayali North

5.5.2.1 Pozo (Figure 30, Enclosure 4a)

The Pozo, a mid-tertiary sand-shale unit constitutes a regional marker in the Maraon
and parts of the Ucayali. Although the Pozo is know geologically to be present only
in the northern most portion of the Ucayali Basin, there were good reflectors in time
equivalent positions that allow the extrapolation of the horizon further south to
facilitate mapping.

The map shows a deep depression separating the NW-SE trending reverse fault
systems. Two large anomalies are mapped: one between Rio Caco and Runuya, with a
structural closure of 100ms over an area of 15x7km; and one in just to the north of
Rashaya Sur, also with a closure of 100ms.

72
Figure 30: Pozo Time Structure, Ucayali North.
Figure 31: Base Cretaceous Time Structure, Ucayali North.
Figure 32: Copacabana Time Structure, Ucayali North.
Figure 33: Contaya Time Structure, Ucayali North.
Figure 34: Pozo-Base Cretaceous Isochron (Ucayali North)
Figure 35: Base Cretaceous Contaya Isochron (Ucayali North)

73
5.5.2.2 Base Cretaceous (Figure 31, Enclosure 4b)

The Base Cretaceous is an unconformity that is easily recognizable on seismic data

throughout the whole of the Ucayali Basin. It exhibits many of the same features as
the younger Pozo formation, with the same closed structuring.

5.5.2.3 Copacabana (Figure 32, Enclosure 4c)

The limited extent of the Copacabana, as seen on the map shown in Figure 32 is a
result of extensive erosion of this once massive shelf carbonate (compare with the
Tambo maps for Ucayali South, where there is a marked erosional edge on the East of
the map area). The Copacabana shows an important structural closure in the Southern
portion of the Rio Caco area.

5.5.2.4 Contaya (Figure 33, Enclosure 4d)

Deposits of the Contaya are restricted to the Eastern part of the basin. This near-
Basement pick has depths of up to 5300ms two-way time

5.5.3 Isochron Maps Ucayali North

5.5.3.1 Pozo to Base Cretaceous (Figure 34, Enclosure 4e).

This map shows that the Cretaceous thickens dramatically from South to North.
Thickness varies from 400ms to 1000ms (two way-way time).

5.5.3.2 Base Cretaceous Contaya Isochron (Figure 35, Enclosure 4f)

This map also demonstrates a dramatic thickening from South to North. It indicates a
Palaeo structural high in the Rashaya structure, with structural closure of more than
100ms. There is also an ancient depression running through the center of the Aguaytia
structure that testifies to its Andean inversion. In this sense the Aguaytia anomaly is
rather unique as demonstrated by this map. As this is the only productive anticline in
this immediate area, there may be some relationship between the two.

5.5.3.3 Salt Isochron (Figure 17, Enclosure 4g)

The map in Figure 17 (shown in a previous section) shows the distribution of the
evaporitic unit within the Jurassic section in this part of the Ucayali Basin. The salt
does not extend into the Southern part of the Basin, and is confined to the eastern part
of Ucayali North. As can be seen on the map, there is a particularly thick lens,
trending almost due North-South in the center of the map area, to the west of the Chio
well.

74
5.5.4 Time Structures Maps Ucayali South

5.5.4.1 Upper Cretaceous (Figure 36, Enclosure 5a)

This horizon, picked as near Vivian on the well ties, is a fairly good reflector and can
be picked easily throughout the survey area. It is highly structured in the Mipaya/San
Martin area where it is heavily fault controlled. Mapping shows good rollover into the
faults in this area. There is considerable closure over the Sepa structure as well. The
Upper Cretaceous shallows to the East of the study area, over an extensive basement
high. This horizon is uplifted to near surface near the Shira Mountains to the west.

Figure 36: Upper Cretaceous Time Structure, Ucayali South.

5.5.4.2 Base Cretaceous (Figure 37, Enclosure 5b)

The base Cretaceous is a marked and familiar unconformity throughout the area and is
a good pick to follow. Its form mirrors the Upper Cretaceous in many respects, except
for a feature just east of the Mashansha well, where the surface is eroded by a channel
feature that has not been interpreted as such in any previous work. This channel
feature is discussed in detail later. This horizon also shows good rollover into the San
Martin fault, and has large areal closure on the Sepa structure. It is generally flat and
featureless to the East over the basement high.

75
Figure 37: Base Cretaceous Structure Time, Ucayali South.

5.5.4.3 Tarma (Figure 38, Enclosure 5c)

This reflector was more difficult to pick throughout the area, as it does not appear to
have as strong a reflection coefficient as the others. However it was possible to follow
it through most of the area. In map form it has much the same characteristics of the
other, younger horizons. There is closure over the Sepa structure, and rollover into the
main San Martin fault. The Tambo thins and subcrops on the Eastern side of the
project area.

5.5.4.4 Top Devonian (Figure 39, Enclosure 5d)

This is the nearest horizon to basement picked in the present interpretation and is
largely controlled by the basement structuring. Along the San Martin thrust belt, the
Devonian is displaced a small amount by an old, nearly horizontal thrust. This
displacement on the Devonian appears to control the movement of the main San
Martin Thrust the Devonian (+ Ambo) surface may well be the decollement for the
younger thrusting. This reflector is uplifted (along with the others) in the main thrust
zone to the West against the Shira uplift. In the Northern part of the South Ucayali
study area, the Devonian is faulted by the younger rejuvenated reverse faults over
Basement grabens and half grabens, including the graben controlling the channel
feature mentioned earlier, and discussed in detail later.

76
Figure 38: Tarma Time Structure, Ucayali South.

Figure 39: Top Devonian Time Structure, Ucayali South.

77
5.5.4.5 Basement (Figure 40, Enclosure 5e)

Interpretation of the basement was tied to the two basement penetrations - wells Sepa
1X and Mashansha 1X. The Sepa structure is controlled by a broad basement dome,
clearly seen on seismic and on the time structure map (Enclosure 5e) In the northern
part of this portion of the Ucayali study, this is a well-defined reflector that becomes
steadily shallower to the East until the Basement pick and top Devonian become
almost one and the same. Block faulting of the basement controls much of the
overlying structuring in the north and east of this area; to the south, the San Martin
thrust is in part controlled by deeper, older thrusting that affects the basement
morphology. The San Martin thrust provides the structuring for the Camesea gas field,
well documented by the Chevron and Shell work. To the northern part of the South
Ucayali study area, basement faulting along grabens and half grabens controls
younger, rejuvenated near-vertical reverse faults.

Figure 40: Basement Time Structure, Ucayali South.

78
5.5.5 Isochron Maps Ucayali South

5.5.5.1 Cretaceous Isochron (Upper to Base) (Figure 41, Enclosure 5f)

The main feature on this map is the thickening seen along the major channel feature,
from North to South. It would appear that there is a major depositional feature in this
part of the Basin. Further study of this feature is recommended as a possible new play
type is involved here.

Figure 41: Cretaceous Isochron, Ucayali South.

5.5.5.2 Upper Cretaceous Tarma Isochron (Figure 42, Enclosure 5g)

This map indicates that the Isochron interval generally thins to the North-East, as the
Tarma becomes thinner and eventually pinches out along a line running generally
NW-SE. There is a very thick unit in the Southwest.

5.5.5.3 Lower Paleozoic (Devonian-Basement) Isochron (Figure 43, Enclosure 5h)

This is possibly the most interesting and significant map of the present interpretation.
On it can be seen the following features:
The graben system controlling the channel feature in the middle of the Northern
part of the Southern Ucayali study area.
A major half-graben feature in the Western part of the study area.
The major thickening of the unit in the South-West portion of the study area.

79
Figure 42: Upper Cretaceous Tarma Isochron, Ucayali South.

Figure 43: Lower Paleozoic Isochron, Ucayali South.

80
5.5.6 Cretaceous Channel Play Ucayali South

Historically in the Ucayali Basin, as the in the Maraon to the north, exploration has
targeted young structures controlled by older, deeper structures. Stratigraphic
mechanisms have been largely ignored. Future work in the Basin must include a
proper study of the sequence stratigraphy and seismic stratigraphy.

There is a stratigraphic feature in the survey area, shown in Figure 44 (a plot of a

portion of three parallel lines over the feature in question) that has been known for
some time but never examined in close detail before.

Close examination of this anomaly would seem to indicate that it is a large channel
that has filled a tectonic depression within the Paleozoic at this location. Interpretation
and mapping shows that this was most likely part of a deltaic system, sourced from
the north, depositing into a depocenter to the south (Figure 45). The channel gradually
thins to the north, pinching out and providing closure of the channel sands in that
direction. There is some evidence of high amplitudes within the channel so that this
may well provide a new, stratigraphic trapping mechanism within the study area. The
position of the channel is to a certain extent controlled by a deep basement half
graben; the fault on the east side of the graben was obviously the zone of weakness
controlling the drainage system in the Cretaceous and later. Future work should
include sequence stratigraphy in this area to try and understand the possible
provenance of the sands and their depositional environment. The present study does
not afford the luxury of the time necessary to do such a detailed study of this one area.

Figure 44: Seismic Lines rep35-124, 126 and 128 (top to bottom), over the channel feature discussed
in the text. Note the high amplitude event in the middle of the channel on line 126.

81
It would appear that the location of the channel is in part controlled by the presence of
basement faulting which has also been re-activated later, affecting the upper
Cretaceous as well. This can be seen on lines rep35-124, 126 and 128 (Figure 44)

Figure 45: Cretaceous channel Isochron, Ucayali South.

In the above figure it can be seen that the channel thickens gradually to the South, a
possible depocentre at this time. The channel sands thin and pinch out to the North,
giving a good chance of a major stratigraphic trap. The Mashansha well, drilled
immediately West of the channel had major oil shows. The presence of hydrocarbons
in the area makes the channel an interesting feature for further studies.

5.5.7 Future work to be done

As has been stated previously, this study was hampered somewhat by the lack of data
is certain areas, and the quality of some of the data provided. There is potential for
quite a bit of more work here:
Incorporating more available data into the study area.
Reprocessing of some of the data sets to make them compatible with
the data presently available.
A more detailed study of the channel with a view to drilling the first
stratigraphic target in the basin. The study should include an
assessment of both reservoir potential and source rock migration paths
to ensure that the channel could be charged.

82
 6.0 WELL SUMMARY

A detailed evaluation was done in this study of the 10 wells drilled between 1990 and
2002 (Appendix 3). The intention of this work was to identify the success /failures of
each to understand better how to explore for Ucayali Oil. Where possible PARSEP
generated maps that were utilized from the available well and seismic data and using
the interpretation provided by the operator only when sufficient data was not
available. These evaluations are presented in Appendices 3a to 3j and include the
wells,

1. Agua Caliente 31X

2. Cachiyacu 1X
3. Chio 1X
4. Insaya 1X
5. Mashansha 1X
6. Pagoreni 1X
7. Rashaya Sure 1X
8. Panguana 1X
9. San Alejandro 1X
10. Shahuinto 1X

Additionally, because of the their importance of with respect to discovered reserves in

the Ucayali Basin, the Cashiriari 1X and San Martin 1X well were also included in
this appendix but more from a standpoint of reference than one of evaluation.

83
 7.0 PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

7.1 GEOCHEMISTRY

7.1.1 General

Petroperu and a host of other exploration companies have conducted numerous

geochemical studies in the Maraon and neighboring Santiago and Huallaga Basins
resulting in an abundance of data. These studies include 1) regional basin studies
incorporating data from wells, and outcrops along the Basin border, and 2) analyses
on individual wells carried out by exploration companies as part of their routine well
evaluation. The studies cover the following: complete geochemical analyses to
evaluate potential source rocks; make oil-source rocks correlations; genetically
classify oils; and basin modeling to establish level of maturity, hydrocarbon
generation timing and alteration of the oils and location of possible hydrocarbon
kitchens. For detailed coverage of these and all geochemical reports the reader is
referred to a database recently completed of all original geochemical reports in the
Perupetros technical archives.

Time did not permit the PARSEP group to go into any depth and evaluate in detail the
geochemistry aspects of the Ucayali Basin let alone complete a Basin Modeling
evaluation as was done for the Maraon Basin (PARSEP, 2002b). As such it, it is
recommended that such a study be undertaken to further understand the petroleum
systems of the Ucayali Basin

Unlike the Maraon Basin, with two documented source rocks, the Chonta and the
Pucar, the Ucayali Basin has multiple source rocks including the Pucar, Ene,
Tarma/Copacabana, Ambo and Cabanillas. Additionally most of the wells drilled in
the Basin have had shows, many which have recovered high gravity crudes. Clearly
hydrocarbons are being generated in great quantity in the Basin from a variety of
sources. One of the objectives of this study was to identify and map seismically
where potential kitchen areas for the various source rocks may reside. Several maps
were completed in this respect for the Ene, Ambo, and Devonian (Cabanillas). These
have been presented in Figures 12, 9 and 43 respectively.

PARSEP had previously conducted a first approach of hydrocarbon generation

modeling through Chem Terra Intl. Consultants CTI (2000). The study gave an insight
of events as well as various parameters for refinements and data estimates for more
precise future modeling. This study is included in the Appendix 4 of PARSEP
(2002b)

7.1.2 Source Rocks

In the Sub-Andean Basins of Peru, based on TOC and Rock-Eval data, numerous
formations from Ordovician age to the Tertiary can be identified as potential source
rocks in the sub-Andean Basins of Peru. They are as follows:

84
Tertiary
Pozo Shale Formation with Type II Kerogen, locally developing into a
Kerogen Type I may be restricted to the Santiago and the Huallaga Basins,
low TOC quantities are recorded in most parts of the Maraon Basin;

Cretaceous
Chonta Formation contains Type II and Type II-III Kerogens with frequent
TOC concentrations in the range 2-3% in the northern and NW areas of the
Maraon Basin and the Santiago Basin
Raya, Agua Caliente and Cushabatay Formations also have source
characteristics, but mainly Kerogen Type III and III-II quality;

Triassic/Jurassic
Pucar Group is a bituminous carbonate with interbedded organic rich shale
sections and is considered the principal source rock in the southern Maraon
and northern Ucayali Basins and source for the Maquia, Aguaytia and Pacaya;

Paleozoic
Late Permian Ene Formation (the source of the oil in the Agua Caliente Field
and the oil tested in well La Colpa 1X.). Permian source rocks are important
contributors in the Madre de Dios Basin and Bolivia further to the south. In
the Ene Basin excellent quality source rocks have been found within the Ene
and consequently, is expected to be the principal source rock there.
Ambo/Tarma-Copacabana Formations with marine shales and carbonates in
the southern portion of the Basin. The Ambo has sourced the giant
gas/condensate fields of the Camisea Area.
Ordovician Contaya and Devonian Cabanillas Formations have extreme
maturity and moderate present-day TOC values in the SE Maraon, and like
the Permian source are important contributors in the Madre de Dios Basin and
Bolivial.

In summary geochemical studies by various Groups have shown that the Paleozoic in
the Peruvian Sub-Andean Basins has hydrocarbon source rocks ranging in age from
Devonian through Permian including the Cabanillas (Devonian), Ambo
(Carboniferous), and Ene (Permian). These source beds exist primarily in the central
and southern Basins of Peru. Mesozoic source beds include the Cretaceous Chonta
Formation with lesser contributions from other Cretaceous intervals, and the Triassic
to Jurassic Pucar Formation. The Cretaceous source rocks, however, are limited
only to the northern Maraon and Santiago Basin. Of particular importance within
the Mesozoic are the Pucar source rocks, which are attributed to sourcing most of the
oil and gas in the Southern Maraon and Northern Ucayali Basins.

7.2 RESERVOIRS/SEALS

In the Ucayali Basin, because of the much thicker section of Paleozoic rocks
preserved, there are considerably more reservoirs that can be explored for than in the
Maraon Basin. One of the more complete works on this topic was completed by SPT

85
(1993) in the Geology, Hydrocarbon Potential and Prospect Analysis Ucayali Basin
Report for Petroperu. A good portion of the following section relies heavily on SPTs
work.

SPT concluded the proven reservoirs within the Basin include the following:
Ene Formation (Lower Permian)
Cushabatay Formation (Lower Cretaceous)
Raya Formation (Upper Cretaceous)
Chonta Formation (Upper Cretaceous)
Vivian Formation (Upper Cretaceous)
Cachiyacu (Upper Cretaceous)
Casa Blanca PARSEP Upper Vivian (Upper Cretaceous)

Subsequent to the SPT study, much analysis has gone into the stratigraphy of the
Camisea area, which has also proven reservoirs in the Agua Caliente (Upper Nia),
several discrete sands within Ene Interval, a lower basal sand (Ene) and an upper sand
(Noipatsite) and the Lower Nia sandstone of the Manique Group (which if present is
usually found in contact with the unconformably overlain Agua Caliente).

Both regional and local seals are present within the Ucayali Basin. The proven
regional seals are concentrated within the Cretaceous interval and include
Raya Formation (Esperanza Member, Lower Cretaceous)
Chonta Formation (Upper Cretaceous)
Cachiyacu Formation (Upper Cretaceous)
Huchpayacu Formation (Upper Cretaceous)

Additional to this and again from the Camisea area would be the Permian Shinai,
which is a 70-100m thick organic-rich carbonate mudstone that overlies the
sandstones of the Ene Formation

Although non-productive as of yet, one of the principal exploration targets in the

Basin has been for the Green Sandstone, a Late Carboniferous sandstone of the Tarma
Group. In the La Copla well for example, the sandstone had good SP deflection, a
blocky and clean GR, and good neutron and density log response indicating 37.9m
pay with 19.4% porosity.

Other more speculative reservoir targets include

The deltaic sandstones of the Early Carboniferous Ambo Group sealed by
intraformational shales
Intratitidal carbonates of the Pucar Group as seen in the Shanusi 1X well of
the southern Maraon Basin. Anticipated seal would be the transitional
sabkha evaporites separating the Pucar from the Sarayaquillo
Karsted Copacabana carbonates although seals are a problem and this is
dependant upon which sediments unconformably overlie the Copacabana -
Mitu, Pucar, evaporites, Sarayaquillo, or Cretaceous sediments.

In summary the most attractive reservoirs in the Ucayali Basin are those of the
Cretaceous, Manique (Lower Nia), Ene, and Green sandstone. The Cretaceous
typically has the best petrophysical qualities although its distribution is not uniform

86
throughout the Basin. Extensive mapping of the various Cretaceous units and
sand/shale ratios for each was not conducted as part of this study. The reader is
referred to SPTs excellent and complete analysis of the Cretaceous reservoirs in their
1993 study. The one issue to highlight within the Cretaceous however is with the
distribution of the Cushabatay. The Cushabatay is a reservoir target in the northern
Ucayali Basin but it disappears to the south and east as it onlaps the Paleozoic
unconformity surface reflecting an overall thinning of the Cretaceous section.
Consequently, in the southern Ucayali Basin, the basal most Cretaceous reservoir
target would be the Agua Caliente sandstone as has been proven in the Camisea area.

The Ene sandstone distribution is spotty and dependent upon erosional inliers, which
have been outlined in Figure 12. The Green Sandstone on the other hand represents
an attractive reservoir target, as it is widespread throughout a good part of the Basin.

In the Ene Basin, Elf (1996) concluded that the principal reservoir target was the
Cushabatay as there is little to no Vivian present. The only other potential reservoir
within the Cretaceous that was noted, was a littoral sandstone attributed to the Agua
Caliente that is found beneath the Chonta. A deeper possibility in the area may exist
within the Ene sandstone but some analysis carried out on samples of an intra-Ene
sandstone by Elf, showed a rather low reservoir potential to this formation. The
porosity is low and strong silicification downgraded the permeability.

7.3 PROSPECTS/LEADS

The Ucayali/Ene Basin Study was intended to be a regional work, integrating as much
data as possible within the Basin to investigate whether new exploration concepts,
etc., could be defined. It was not intended to be an exploration exercise where the
ultimate goal is in defining drillable prospects. Ultimately however, in a study such
as this, certain prospects and leads do emerge and this section is a summary of our
findings. During the process of this evaluation two structural prospects and two
stratigraphic leads were defined. It should be noted that there are numerous other
structural leads in the Basin and these have more or less been documented in
Perupetros Catalogo de Prospectos No Perforados. 2001 ITP. The structural
prospects highlighted here are done so as they were mapped in more detail, are in
relatively inactive areas at the moment and show some potential. The two
stratigraphic traps on the other hand are new concepts and believed to be only
partially representative of what can be found when a concentrated effort in exploring
for stratigraphic traps is applied.

7.3.1 Structural Prospects

7.3.1.1 Rashaya Norte

Rashaya Norte (Appendix 3h, Figures 3 and 4) has been identified by several
companies; the most notable in recent years was Pan Energy who had this inventoried
as one of their drillable prospects. Pluspetrol also identified it in their evaluation of
Rashaya Sur location, on which they eventually drilled a dry hole with oil shows.
PARSEPs interpretation of this structure is different than that of both Pan Energy and

87
Pluspetrol. Pan Energy had interpreted this feature is such a way that it resembled an
inverted graben with salt being present beneath the Cretaceous unconformity. Our
interpretation has the structure as a Paleozoic horst block with the Cretaceous
overlying Cabanillas on the crest of the structure and Copacabana on its flanks. The
interpretation of Pluspetrol is different in that they have the Rashaya Sur as a much
larger structure areally and vertically than the Rashaya North structure. PARSEPs
interpretation is that the Rashaya Norte is the much larger of two and consequently
represents a more attractive drilling target than Rashaya Sur. The Rashaya Sur well
had gas shows of C1 to C5s and fluorescence through the Raya, Cushabatay (weaker
shows), and the Pumayacu. A DST of an upper Raya sand tested 0.6 BBL
compeletion fluid, 16 BBL FmWtr (42,600 ppm Cl) and 39 BBL diesel and 40.6o API
oil.

7.3.1.2 Rio Caco Sur

The Rio Caco Sur prospect is located along the massive Runuya/Rio Caco/Tamaya
anticline (Figure 46), south of the Rio Caco well, within a well defined four-way dip
closure (Figure 47. Potential exists within the Cretaceous, and Paleozoic (including
Ene). Shows have been encountered in the surrounding wells:
Rio Caco 1X well had good oil shows in the Raya and Cushabatay
Runuya had shows within the Paleozoic section
Tamaya 1X had good oil shows in the Cushabatay

Rio Caco Sur

Figure 46: TWT Map on Base of Cretaceous along the Runuya/Rio Caco/Tamaya anticline
showing the undrilled structure remaining at Rio Caco Sur

88
 Pozo (Equiv.)

Ene

Base Cretaceous Copacabana

Basement

Figure 47: Seismic line W75-91 across the Rio Caco structure highlighted on the preceding Figure.

7.3.2 Stratigraphic Leads

7.3.2.1 Cushabatay South Pucar Lead (CSPL)

The CSPL lead is defined primarily by one seismic line, Coastals CP739801 (Figure
48) shot in 1998 south of the Cushabatay High in the northern Ucayali Basin. This
lead is based on the concepts developed for the Pucar as a result of the evaluation of
the Shanusi 1X well as describe
in PARSEP (2002a). The
Shanusi well tested the Pucar
on a paleo-horst block that is
believed to have influenced
deposition during Pucar time.
In this well, gas charged porous
dolomitic carbonates were
encountered. It is believed that
over this paleo-high, high
energy carbonates were
deposited that may have
consisted of grainstones or
possibly even reefal type
deposits that represents a
porous fairway trend within the
Pucar that can be explored for.

Figure 48: Location of Seismic Line CP739801

89
 Represents
approx outline of
magnified
sections below

Pucar
Base Cretaceous

Copacabana

Base Cretaceous

Pucar

Top Paleozoic

Copacabana

Base Cretaceous

Pucar

Top Paleozoic

Copacabana

Figure 49: Seismic line CP739801 through the CSPL lead, a Pucar play where high energy
carbonates are expected to have been deposited over a Copacabana erosional high. The upper
section is a time section, the middle section is flattened on the Base Cretaceous and the bottom
section is flattened on the Pucar.

90
Seismic line CP739801 is shown in Figure 49 in a variety of forms. The first is a time
section, which shows the prominent structures in the area, two NW trending Andean
aged high angle reverse faults. The CSPL lead is located between these two
structures within the low. In Figure 49, the middle section is flattened on the Base
Cretaceous and the bottom on the Pucar. The play is set up by an erosional high in
the Paleozoic over which was deposited the Pucar with presumably high energy
carbonates, creating a situation almost analogous to what was described for the
Shanusi Well. This is best demonstrated on the Pucar flattening where the erosional
high is seen to be coincidental with the subcrop edges of the Copacabana whose
limestones would have been more resistant to erosion than the over and underlying
rocks. It is also interesting to note the reflectors paralleling the Pucar within the
Paleozoic section which are in high contrast to the steep east dips the sediments are
know to have from seismic. Consequently, it is interesting to speculate that this
perhaps represents a karstified zone within the Copacabana limestones. Seals for the
play would be the more tight, basinal carbonates of the Pucar located within the
depression to the east and the evaporites that are believed to separate the Pucar from
the Sarayaquillo.

7.3.2.2 Mashansha Channel

As this lead was covered in Section 5.5.6 it will just be summarized here. In Figure
44 (a plot of a portion of three parallel lines over the feature in question) there is a
stratigraphic feature that has been interpreted to be a Cretaceous channel cutting into
the Paleozoic of probable Ene and Copacabana age. Interpretation and mapping
shows that it was most likely part of a deltaic system, sourced from the north,
depositing into a depocentre to the south (Figure 45). The channel gradually thins to
the north, pinching out and providing closure of the channel sands in that direction
and thus the possibility of a major stratigraphic trap. If this channel is filled with
porous sands, it may explain the lack of hydrocarbons with the Mashansha structure,
as there would have been no lateral seal. Any hydrocarbons that were present in
Mashansha would have leaked into the Channel and migrated elsewhere, possibility
into a stratigraphic trap that lies somewhere within this Cretaceous sand body.

An alternative interpretation, however is that the Cretaceous unconformity is higher

than mapped and what is interpreted a Cretaceous Channel is in fact an Ene inlier
beneath the unconformity.

91
 8.0 CONCLUSIONS

The Ucayali Basin is one of several Sub Andean Basins in Peru, with mixed
exploration success. The Basin is approximately 650 km long and about 250 km in
width. Much of the Basin remains under-explored. This is a poly-history basin, with
elements of both extensional and compressional tectonics, with older, Paleozoic faults
being rejuvenated as reverse faults that have controlled much of the structuring and
hence the trapping mechanisms of the Basin. The western boundary of the Basin is
dominated by a thin-skinned fold and thrust belt along almost its entirety, which is
interrupted only by the Shira Mountains in the southern regions of the Basin. It is
within the fold and thrust belt south of the Shira Mountains that the giant Camisea
fields have been discovered.

Generally, the principal reservoirs in the Basin have been within the Cretaceous and
the Lower Nia (Camisea) although others in the Late Carboniferous Tarma Group
(Green Sandstone), and the shoreface and fluvial sandstones of the Late Permian Ene
have been targeted. The later is a major contributor to the reserves of the Camisea
fields

The work completed in this study was an attempt to first standardize the data digital
set (seismic and wells) and then to utilize the data completing a regional evaluation of
the Ucayali/Ene Basin. The first part was accomplished and a digital data set is now
completed and includes,

1. A tied (as well as could be) SEGY data set representing a large portion
of the available seismic in the Ucayali Basin
2. Composite log LAS files for each of the exploration wells of the
Ucayali Basin
3. An Access database with tops, tests, etc., of all exploration wells in the
Ucayali Basin

Further recommended work on this segment would be to,

1. Obtain the Oxy and Pangea seismic data sets in the areas of the La
Colpa and Shahuinto wells
2. Complete the loading and tying of the Shell UB and UBA data sets in
the Camisea area as there was still data coming in as this project was
winding down
3. Obtain the better processed seismic for some of the data sets. The
most notable would be in with the Shell data set in the Camisea area
where some of the data supplied to PARSEP had only a special
amplitude processing, and the Elf data in the Ene Basin where a better
reprocessed data set is known to exist
4. Scan critical seismic lines in the area where there is currently no SEGY
data to create a more representative regional data set
5. Incorporate the development wells of the Ucayali into the database
with proper bottom hole locations.

92
 6. Resolve the coordinate problem that seems to exist in the Camisea area
as this project found it necessary to utilize two different projections in
the Basin to have all the wells tie the plotted seismic data.

The second part of the project was completed up to the point of developing a regional
stratigraphic and tectonic framework in the Basin that can be used as a building block
for future studies. As a result of this study, additional work in the following areas is
recommended,

1. Basin modeling at a number of critical point in the Basin be done

incorporating the concepts advanced in this study to further understand
migration and timing better.
2. A hydrodynamic study is strongly recommended, as fresh water
flushing in the Cretaceous is a major exploration risk. Also with such
a strong drive, tilted oil water contacts in this Basin may be important
and may help better explain the failure of some wells.
3. A further investigation into why some many wells within the Basin
foreland structures have excellent hydrocarbon shows but are dry holes
or lack sufficient accumulations to be economically viable. Is this a
problem of seals, migration/structural timing, or hydrodynamics? This
was a problem tackled during the course of this project but one that
was not successfully resolved.
4. Complete a detailed seismic sequence stratigraphic study in the Basin
to further investigate the possibility of large stratigraphic traps in the
Basin.

The most attractive area without much doubt in Ucayali Basin is within the fold and
thrust belt along its entirety but particularly, in the area of the Oxapampa wells where
a considerable gas column has already been discovered in one of the wells, and in the
Camisea area. In the foreland, there are still a large number of undrilled structures of
which this report documents two that with further understanding of the points
addressed above, may be attractive drilling targets. The final point to emphasize is
that this Basin has multiple, mature source rocks and there apparently has been large
quantities of oil migrating through the system as evidenced by the numerous shows in
most of the wells drilled in the Basin. Stratigraphic traps should therefore have an
excellent chance of receiving a significant hydrocarbon charge and this Basin with
such a variable stratigraphy because of its complex structural history, should contain
numerous ones. This report documents two, one in the Pucar and the other in the
Cretaceous.

93
 9.0 SELECTED REFERENCES

Advantage Resources (2001)

Field Geologic Work - Block 87.

Anadarko Peru Company (1999)

Block 84 Final Report, Perupetro Technical Archive ITP21086

Barros, M.C. & Carneiro, E.P. (1991)

The Triassic Juru Orogeny and the Tectono-Sedimentary Evolution of Peruvian
Oriente Basin. Exploratory Implications. Braspetro Internal Report. 18 P. 30 fig.

Beicip Franlab (1996)

Petroleum Exploration Playtypes Of Sub Andean Basins - Volume 1 Y 2(ARPEL).
ITP20403, ITP 20404

Chevron (1997)
Block 52 Final Report, Perupetro Technical Archive ITP20347

Coastal (1998)
Final Report of The Exploratory Campaign, Blocks: 73 (A, B, C And M) And 74.
Perupetro Technical Archive ITP21624.

Core Laboratories (1996)

Hydrocarbon Source Rocks of the Sub-Andean Basins, Peru. Volumes I, II and III.
Perupetro Technical Archive ITP20000-20004.

CTI ChemTerra Int. Consultants (2000)

Oil Generation in Sub-Andean Basins in Peru. Report for PARSEP, Perupetro S.A.
and Canadian Petroleum Institute. Perupetro Technical Archive.

Diaz, G. (1999)
Guidebook to Stratigraphy and Outcrop Stratal Patterns of Southwest Maraon Basin
Northeast Huallaga Basin, Tarapoto, San Martn. (Internal Report). 9 p. 18 fig.

Elf Petroleum Peru (1996a)

Block 66 Peru Final Report. Perupetro Technical Archive ITP20766

Elf Petroleum Peru (1996b)

Peru Block 66 Geological Synthesis, Sedimentary Geology. Perupetro Technical
Archive ITP20011

Elf Petroleum Peru (1996c)

Peru Block 66 Geological Synthesis, Structural Geology. Perupetro Technical
Archive ITP20010
GeoMark Research (1996)

94
Peru Oil Study, Regional Petroleum Geochemistry of Crude Oils From Peru,
Interpretative Volume and Aromatic Biomarker - Analytical Results.

Jaillard, E., Soler, P., Carlier, G., Mourier, T. (1990)

Geodynamic Evolution of the Northern and Central Andes During Early to Middle
Mesozoic Times: a Tethyan Model. Journal of the Geological Society, London. Vol.
147, pp. 1009-1022.

Mathalone, J. & Montoya, M. (1995)

The Petroleum Geology of the Peruvian Sub Andean Basins. In: A. Tankard, R.
Surez and H.J. Welsink, Petroleum Basins of South America: Memoir 62, p. 423-
444.

Megard, F. (1979)
Estudio Geolgico de los Andes del Per Central. Boletn del Instituto Geolgico,
Minero y Metalrgico, 8 serie D, 227 p.

Murphy (1996)
Peru Block 71 Ucayali Basin Phase I Final Report, Perupetro Technical Archive
ITP20137

Occidental Petroleum (1996)

Geochemical Evaluation of Outcrops and Seeps. - Final Report, Block 72 (Oxy), ADJ.
D, E y F. Perupetro Technical Archive ITP20674-20676.

Occidental Petroleum (1998)

Reporte Final de Evaluacin Geolgico - Geofsica, Lote 72 (Oxy). Adjuntos A y B.
Perupetro Technical Archive ITP20687-20689.

Phillips Petroleum Peru Ltd. (1999)

Final Exploration Report Second Exploration Term Block 82. Perupetro Technical
Archive ITP21922.

Repsol YPF (2001)

Block 34 First Exploration Period Final Report. Perupetro Technical Archive
ITP21875.

Rosas, S. & Fontbot, L. (1995)

Evolucin sedimentolgica del Grupo Pucar (Trisico superior Jursico inferior) en
un Perfil SW NE en el Centro del Per. Volumen Jubilar Alberto Benavides,
Sociedad Geolgica del Per. Pp. 279-309.

Palacios, O. (1980)
El Grupo Pucar en la Regin Subandina (Per central). Boletn de la Sociedad
Geolgica del Per, 67, p. 153-162.

Pangea Energy (1999)

Block 71 Ucayali Basin Peru, Revised Phase II Exploration Period Final Report
Perupetro Technical Archive ITP21108.

95
PARSEP Study (2002a)
Petroleum Potential of the Huallaga Basin and Adjacent Area. Perupetro Technical
Archive ITP21257, 21258.
PARSEP Study (2002b)
Maraon Basin Technical Report. Perupetro Technical Archive ITP21257, 21258.

Pindell, J.L & Tabbutt, D. (1995)

Mesozoic-Cenozoic Andean Paleogeography and Regional Controls on Hydrocarbon
Systems. In: A. Tankard, R. Surez and H.J. Welsink, Petroleum Basins of South
America: Memoir 62, p.101-128.

Robertson Research. Petroleos Del Per (1990)

Informe Final. Evaluacin Geolgica-Geofsica por Hidrocarburos. Selva Peruana.
Lotes 8,31 y 35.Volmenes 1-4 y Apndices A-D. Perupetro Technical Archive
IT03950-03958 y IT03961-03967.

Stanley, G.D. (1994)

Upper Triassic Corals from Peru. In: Stanley, G.D. (ed.) Paleontology and
Stratigraphy of Triassic to Jurassic Rocks in the Peruvian Andes. Palaentographica
Abt. A, 233, p. 75-98.

Simon Petroleum Spt (1993)

Geology - Hydrocarbon Potential and Prospect Analyses, Ucayali Basin Peru.
Perupetro Technical Archive ITP20480-20481

Tankard, Anthony (2001)

Tectonic Framework of Basin Evolution in Peru. Report for PARSEP, Perupetro S.A.
and Canadian Petroleum Institute, 23 p. Perupetro Technical Archive.

Williams, K.E. (1995)

Tectonic Subsidence Analysis and Paleozoic Paleogeography and Regional Controls
on Hydrocarbon Systems. In: A. Tankard, R. Surez and H.J. Welsink, Petroleum
Basins of South America: Memoir 62, p. 79-100.

Wildcat Well Files, Ucayali Basin and Adjacent Areas.

From Perupetro Technical Archive.

96
 Datum Near top Chonta

Base Cretaceous
Copacabana
Tarma
Ambo
Top Devonian

Basement

Composite Seismic
Line Through South
Central Ucayali

Figure 5: Composite seismic line through the South-Central portion of the Ucayali Basin showing a) the magnitude of the Devonian-Ordovician(?) rift Basins, b) the onlap
relationship of the Carboniferous Ambo onto the Eohercynian Unconformity, and c) the truncation of the Paleozoic sequences beneath the Nevadan Unconformity at the
Base of Cretaceous.
 Chonta

Base Cret

Tarma
Ambo
Eohercynian Unconformity

Dev. Mkr

Basement

Seismic Line
Rep 35_34-111

Figure 6: Seismic Line in the south central Ucayali Basin showing a significant amount of erosion on the pre Ambo sequences (Devonian) beneath the Eohercynian
Unconformity (dk. blue reflector).
 W CONTAYA AREA EAST O F NORTH SHIRA MTS CAMISEA AREA

NW ORELLANA 1X HUAYA 3X MAQUIA 1X

1500
CASHIBOYA SUR 29X TAMAYA 1X PLATANAL 1X (36 2X) LA COLPA 1X SEPA 1X MIPAYA 5X SAN MARTIN 1X
SE
MID MUDSTONE
DATUM
3000 N LO
O
IP W
ENE A N ER
TS 500
IA
IT
ENE ? ENE E

SH
3000

IN
IA
2000
2000
-6000 TARMA- 2500 -6000

COPACABANA
4000 2500
M
e
t
e
r
s

CABANILLAS-CONTAYA 1000

3500

2500
2500

3000

BASEMENT

Figure 13. NW/SE stratigraphic cross-section flattened in the Upper Permian unconformity shows the late Permian post Tarma/Copacabana Group stratigraphy.
Orellana 1X is in the SE Maraon Basin.
 SEPA 1X MIPAYA 1X PAGORENI 1X SEGAKIATO 1XSAN MARTIN 1X SAN MARTIN 3 ARMIHUARI 4X CASHIRIARI 1X CASHIRIARI 3
NW SE
CHONTA 2000
2500

-5200
AGUA -5200

CALIENTE

DATUM
-5300
BAS E K -5300
MID MDST
2500

2500
LOWER NIA
500
OR
-5400 LOWER SS -5400

2500

M. SHINAI 2500

-5500 -5500

NOIPATSITE

L
Sepa 1X
Panguana 1X

D
T
-5600 -5600

H
ENE SS

R
2500

U
CAMISEA

S
Mipaya 1X

T
X
in 1
TARMA-COPACAB ANA Mart

B
San 3X
i 1X M 1X

E
n S ri
re 1X hiria
go to Ca s

L
2500 Pa kia ri 1X CA 3X
ga

T
Se ihua CA 2X
Arm

200 KM
-5700 Pongo Mainique -5700

Figure 15: Stratigraphic cross-section flattened on Base Cretaceous shows detailed late Permian stratigraphy. Note excellent log correlation in Shinai, and two 10 m.
thick anhydrite beds in the Middle Mudstone Formation and anhydrite beds in the Noi Sandstone Patsite Member.
Figure 22: Structural profile G through the central Ene Basin modeled from the interpretation of seismic line Elf96-09 (after Elf, 1996c). In this region, the principal detachment
surface and zone of multiple imbrications, is interpreted to be within the Cabanillas Formation. The Elf interpretation has the western margin of the Shira Mountains as an old
high controlled by a series of down to the west normal faults of substantial displacement that acted as a buttress to eastern the advancing thrust front.
 SOUTH NORTH

UB14-4

UBA22-39
Cretaceous
Ambo
Devonian
UBA23-37
Seismic Line
UB 14-04

Cretaceous

Devonian

Seismic Line
UBA 22-39
Seismic Sections aligned vertically by the crestal
closure of the San Martin Anticline

Devonian

Seismic Line
UBA 23-37

Figure 27: Series of three seismic lines aligned on the San Martin Anticline showing the northeast propogation of the thrust front into the southern Ucayali
Basin from west to east.
Figure 30: Pozo Time Structure, Ucayali North. Figure 31: Base Cretaceous Time Structure, Ucayali North.
Figure 32: Copacabana Time Structure, Ucayali North. Figure 33: Contaya Time Structure, Ucayali North
Figure 34: Pozo-Base Cretaceous Isochron (Ucayali North) Figure 35: Base Cretaceous Contaya Isochron (Ucayali North)
Appendix 1:

Chronological listing of Ucayali Basin New Field Wildcats. Discovery

wells are highlighted with bold font

Well Name Operator Status Comp Comp Comp

Year Mon Day
Mashansha 1X Repsol P&A OS 2002 8
Agua Caliente 31D -1X Maple P&A OS 2000 5 9
Panguana 1X Phillips Petroleum Peru P&A 1999 2 9
Shahuinto 1X Pangea (Peru) Energy Ltd. P&A OS 1998 11 1
Pagoreni 1X Shell Prospecting & Dev. P&A GAS 1998 11 1
Chio 1X Quintana Minerals Peru P&A 1998 8 8
San Alejandro 1X Pan Energy E&P Ltd P&A OGS 1998 5 9
Rashaya Sur 1X Pluspetrol Peru Corp P&A OGS 1998 4
Insaya 1X Coastal Peru Ltd P&A 1996 5 9
Cachiyacu 1X Petroperu SA P&A OS 1992 4
Platanal 1X Occidental Peruana Inc P&A 1989 5 22
La Colpa 1X Occidental Peruana Inc P&A OS 1989 3 8
Mipaya 1X Shell Prospecting & Dev. GAS 1987 8 7
Armihuari 4X Shell Prospecting & Dev. GAS 1987 5 25
Cashiriari 3X Shell Prospecting & Dev. GAS 1986 12 9
Aguaytia Sur 4XD Petroperu SA P&A GS 1986 1 11
Cashiboya Sur 1X Petroperu SA P&A 1985 2 10
Huaya 4X Petroperu SA P&A 1984 12 7
Huaya 3X Petroperu SA SUSP 1984 6 15
San Martin 1X Shell Prospecting & Dev. GAS 1984 3 19
Sepa 1X Shell Prospecting & Dev. P&A OGS 1983 9 11
Amaquiria 1X Petroperu SA P&A OS 1983 2 7
Rio Caco 1X Burmah Oil plc P&A 1976 6 13
Sanuya 1X Burmah Oil plc P&A OS 1976 5 7
Tamaya 1X Burmah Oil plc P&A 1976 2 22
Tiruntan 1X Burmah Oil plc P&A 1976 1 1
Runuya 1X Hispanoil Sucursal del Peru P&A 1975 11 13
Neshuya 1X El Oriente P&A 1972 12 19
Tahuaya 1X Mobil Corp P&A 1967 9 3
Pisqui 1X Mobil Corp P&A 1967 7 2
Oxapampa 17C 1 Cerro de Pasco Petroleum P&A 1965 11 18
Oxapampa 19 2 Cerro de Pasco Petroleum P&A 1965 9 12
Oxapampa 19 1 Cerro de Pasco Petroleum P&A GS 1965 5 13
Aguaytia 1X Mobil Corp GAS 1962 1 12
Oxapampa 07 2 Cerro de Pasco Petroleum P&A 1961 11 6
Oxapampa 07 1 Cerro de Pasco Petroleum P&A 1961 9 1

1
Zorrillo 1X Mobil Corp P&A OS 1961 4 3
Pacaya 1X El Oriente OIL 1958 9 9
Maquia 1X El Oriente OIL 1957 3 6
Inuya 1X El Oriente P&A 1956 11 24
Santa Clara 1A Peruvian Oil and Mineral P&A 1956 9 6
Cashiboya 1A El Oriente P&A 1956 8 24
Chonta 1X Texas Petroleum Co P&A 1955 5 16
Coninca 2X El Oriente P&A 1952 3 4
Coninca 1X El Oriente P&A 1949 12 31
Santa Clara 1X Empresa Petrolera Fiscal P&A 1948 4 8
Rayo 1X El Oriente P&A 1947 9 30
Agua Caliente 1A Ganso Azul OIL 1939 2 26
Agua Caliente 1X Ganso Azul P&A OGS 1939 2 2

2
NW ORELLANA 1X SANTA CLARA 1A HUAYA 3X INSAYA 1X MAQUIA 1X CACHIYACU 1X PACAYA 1X INUYA 1X CASHIBOYA 1A CASHIBOYA SUR 29X SE
11 KM 16 KM 13 KM 25 KM 14 KM 14 KM 5 KM 12 KM 29 KM

500
TERTIARY
0 0

500 1000
500
N
500 VIVIA 500 1000 DATUM
500 500
CHONTA

1000 1500 500

1000
1000
1000
AGUA CALIENTE
1000 1000
-1000 RAYA -1000
500

CUSHABATAY 1500 1000

1500

1500 TARMA COPACABANA

SARAYAQUILLO
1000 ?

2000
REMOVED 500 M REPEAT COPACABANA-ENE AMBO-CABANILLAS-CONTAYA
PUCARA 2000
-2000 -2000

M
e
t MITU
e 2500
r
s 2500
BASEMENT
GREEN SS
ENE

3000

-3000 -3000
Santa Catalina 2X

30 KM

C
U
M
3500

S
O

H
U

A
Orellana 3X

B
N

A
T
Santa Clara 1X

T
A
Santa Clara 1A

A
I
Rayo 1X

Y
S

C
Huaya 4X
Huaya 3X
4000

O
Insaya 1X

N
SECTION 1

T
A
-4000 -4000

Y
Cachiyacu 1X

A
Maquia 1X

Amaquiria 1X
Pacaya 1X Inuya 1X

Cashiboya 1A

Cashiboya Sur 29X

Pisqui 1X

Coninca 1X Coninca 2X
F O
Tiruntan 1X

-5000 -5000

APPENDIX 2a
 NW ORELLANA 1X HUAYA 3X MAQUIA 1X CASHIBOYA SUR 29X TAMAYA 1X PLATANAL 1X (36 2X) LA COLPA 1X SHAHUINTO 1X PANGUANA 1X SE
27 KM 36 KM 57 KM 130 KM 55 KM 42 KM 23 KM 222 KM
500

TERTIARY
0 2000 500 0
2000 1000
500 1000
N
500 VIVIA DATUM
500 500 CHONTA
2500 1000
2500 1500
1000 1500
1000 AGUA CALIENTE

1000 1000 RAYA

-1000 1500 -1000
BA T AY 3000 3000
CUSHA ENE ? 2000
1500 2000
DEVONIAN
1500
TARMA COPACABANA AMBO
REMOVED 500 M REPEAT
1500 COPACABANA-ENE
3500 2000
SARAYAQUILLO CABANILLAS ?
2500

ANANEA ? 2500
2000
CABANILLAS-CONTAYA

PUCARA 2000
-2000 BASEMENT -2000

M CU
e M
O
S
H
A
t U
N
B
A
Orellana 3X
e 2500 T
A
IN
T
A
Y C
200 KM
O
r S
N
s 2500
Huaya 3X T
A

MITU
Y
A
Maquia 1X

GREEN SS
Cashiboya Sur 29X

3000
SECTION
SECTION 2
2
-3000 -3000

FOL
Tamaya 1X

D
Platanal 1X
3500

THR
Shahuinto 1X

UST
La Colpa 1X
ENE

SHI
BEL

RA
T

MO
UNT
4000

AIN
S
-4000 -4000

FO
Panguana 1X

LD
TH
RU
CAMISEA

ST
BE
LT
-5000 -5000

APPENDIX 2b
 AGUA CALIENTE DOME
NW PISQUI 1X CONINCA 2X RASHAYA SUR 1X AGUAYTIA 1X ZORRILLOS 1X NESHUYA 5_1 A MP-2000-31D-1X
CAL 31D-1X AGUA_CAL_1
A CAL 1X CHONTA 1X SE
5 KM 30 KM 31 KM 3 KM 43 KM 38 KM 3 KM 8 KM
2000
1000
2000
1500 TERTIARY
1000
1500

N
VIVIA
DATUM
2500
1500 CHONT
A 2500
2000
1500
2000
0 0
AGUA CALIENTE

3000 500
2000
RAYA 3000 500
2500
2000 CUSHABATAY
PUMAYACU 2500 ENE ?
500
Y
HA
AC
AM
AR
SARAYAQUILLO
2500
EVAPORITES

M -1000 1000 -1000

e PUCARA
t
e
r
s

TARMA-COPACABANA
1500

Amaquiria 1X
Pacaya 1X Inuya 1X

Cashiboya 1A GREEN SS
30 KM
Cashiboya Sur 29X BASEMENT
Pisqui 1X
-2000 Coninca 1X Coninca 2X
-2000
FOL

Tiruntan 1X

SECTION 3
D

Tahuaya 1X
Rashaya Sur 1X
CABANILLAS-CONTAYA
THR
UST

Aguaytia 1X
Zorrillos 1X

Aguaytia Sur 4XD

Neshuya 1X
BEL
T

Tamaya 1X
San Alejandro 1X
Agua Caliente 1X
Chio 1X
Agua Caliente 31D 1X
Chonta 1X

Sanuya 1X

-3000 Rio Caco 1X

-3000

APPENDIX 2c
NW CONINCA 2X RASHAYA SUR 1X AGUAYTIA 1X NESHUYA 5_1 AGUA_CAL_1 RUNUYA 1X SEPA 1X MIPAYA 5X SAN MARTIN 1X SE
30 KM 31 KM 43 KM 38 KM 100 KM 180 KM 70 KM 46 KM
-1000 2000 -1000
1500 1500
1500
TERTIARY

2000
AN
VI VI DATUM
2500
1500
2500
2000 CHONTA 2000
2000

MID
MUD
STON
2500 LOW E
AGUA CALIENTE 500 ER
SHIN
NOI PAT AI SS
SI
3000 ENE SS TE
RAYA
2000 T AY
-2000 3000 ABA -2000
2500 C U H
S 2500
2500

PUMAYACU 500 TARMA-COPACABANA

3000
1000
SARAYAQUILLO

2500
EVAPORITES GREEN SS
3000

PUCARA 1000 AMBO

M
e 3500
t CABANILLAS-CONTAYA 1500
e
r BASEMENT
s CONTAYA

-3000 -3000
TARMA-COPACABANA M
CU
S
H
O
U
N
A
B
A
3500
T T
A A
IN Y C
S O
N
1500 T
A
Y
A

2000 AMBO

Coninca 2X

Rashaya Sur 1X
Aguaytia 1X

Neshuya 1X
FOL

DEVONIAN
Agua Caliente 1X
D
THR

CABANILLAS CABANILLAS ?
UST

SHI
BEL

Runuya 1X
ANANEA ?
RA
T

MO

-4000 -4000
UNT
AIN

SECTION 4
CONTAYA SECTION 4
S

FO

Sepa 1X
LD
TH
RU

CAMISEA
ST

Mipaya 1X

200 KM
BE

San Martin 1X
LT

APPENDIX 2d
N O X A P A M P A W E L L S S
PISQUI 1X CONINCA 2X RASHAYA SUR 1X AGUAYTIA 1X AGUAYTIA SUR 4XD CHIO 2X SAN ALEJANDRO 1X OXA 17-C-1
OXAPAMPA 17C-1 OXA 19-1
OXAPAMPA 19-1 OXA 19-2
OXAPAMPA 19-2 OXA 7-1
OXAPAMPA 7-1 OXA 7-2
OXAPAMPA 7-2 SAN VICENTE AREA
5 KM 30 KM 31 KM 12 KM 40 KM 14 KM 120 KM 20 KM 7 KM 20 KM 5 KM 60 KM
2000 500
1000 1000
1500
1000
TERTIARY
2000

N DATUM
VIVIA
2000 500
2500 1000
1500 1500
0
2000
1500 CHONTA
0 2500 0

2500 AGUA CALIENTE 1000

3000 1500
2000 2000 500
500 500
2500 RAYA
2000

PUMAYACU 3000 CUSHABATAY

2000
2500 2500 1000
1000
EVAPORITES SARAYAQUILLO

-1000 3500 1000 -1000

CONDORSINGA

3000 PUCARA 1500

CONDORSINGA
EVAPORITES IN AREA
ARAMACHAY WITH THIN-SKIN TECTONICS 1500

3500 ARAMACHAY 2000

CHAMBARA
-2000 2000 -2000
M
GREEN SS
e Cashiboya Su TARMA-COPACABANA
t
e Pisqui 1X CHAMBARA 2500
r Coninca 1X
s Coninca 2X
Tiruntan 1X
2500
Tahuaya 1X
Rashaya Sur 1X
CABANILLAS-CONTAYA
3000
Aguaytia 1X Zorrillos 1X
MITU
Aguaytia Sur 4XD Neshuya 1X
-3000 -3000
San
FOL

Aleja
ndro X
1X l1
Ca
Chio 1X A
D

1X Chonta 1X
D
l 31
THR

Ca
A
Sanuya
Rio Caco 1X IDEALIZED STRATIGRAPHY
UST

SECTION 5 BELOW MITU

SHI
BEL

-4000 -4000
RA

Runuya
BASEMENT
East Shira
T

MO

Oxapampa 17C-1
West Shira
UNT

Oxapampa 19-1
Oxapampa 19-2
AIN

Oxapampa 7-1
Oxapampa 7-2
S

-5000 -5000
100 KM
San Vicente Area

APPENDIX 2e
 SE CHIO 2X SAN ALEJANDRO 1X AGUAYTIA SUR 4XD AGUAYTIA 1X NW RASHAYA SUR 1X SW TAHUAYA 1X TIRUNTAN 1X CASHIBOYA SUR 29X NE
14 KM 42 KM 12 KM 31 KM 25 KM 39 KM 33 KM
0 0
1500 3000
TERTIARY
2000
IAN
AN VIV
VI VI 2000 DATUM
2500 500
1500 2000
CHONTA
2000 3500

2500

AGUA CALIENTE
2500
3000 1000
2000 2500
-1000 RAYA -1000
2500 4000

3000
CUSHABATAY

2500 SARAYAQUILLO

EVAPORITES CABANILLAS-CONTAYA
3500

PUCARA
CONDORSINGA
M 3000
e -2000 -2000
t
e EVAPORITES (SALT) CABANILLAS-CONTAYA
r ARAMACHAY
s

BASEMENT
TARMA-COPACABANA
Pacaya 1X Inuya 1X
3500 100 KM Cashiboya 1A

CHAMBARA
Cashiboya Sur 29X

Pisqui 1X

Coninca 1X Coninca 2X

FOL
Tiruntan 1X
GREEN SS
-3000 SECTION 6 -3000

D
Tahuaya 1X
Rashaya Sur 1X

THR
UST
Aguaytia 1X
Zorrillos 1X
CABANILLAS-CONTAYA
Aguaytia Sur 4XD
Neshuya 1X

BEL
T
San Alejandro 1X
Agua Caliente 1X
Chio 1X
Agua Caliente 31D 1X
Chonta 1X

-4000 -4000

APPENDIX 2f
WNW CHIO 2X SAN ALEJANDRO 1X AC 31D 1X A CAL 1X CHONTA 1X TAMAYA 1X PLATANAL 1X (36 2X) LA COLPA 1X SHAHUINTO 1X ESE
14 KM 43 KM 3 KM 8 KM 57 KM 55 KM 42 KM 23 KM 500
0 2000 0
2000
1000
TERTIARY
2000
AN
VI VI DATUM
1500
CHONTA 2500 1000
2500
1500

2500
AGUA CALIENTE

500 RAYA
2000
-1000 AY 3000 1500 -1000
500 ABAT 3000
CUSH 2000
ENE (?)
3000 500

TARMA-COPACABANA
2500
3500 2000
SARAYAQUILLO 2500
AMBO
3500 ARAMACHAY 1000 GREEN SS

BASEMENT

M 3000
e -2000 -2000
t
CONTAYA
EVAPORITES AMBO-CABANILLAS
e
r (SALT)
s 1500
PUCARA

3500
BASEMENT Aguaytia 1X
Zorrillos 1X

Aguaytia Sur 4XD

Neshuya 1X

TARMA-COPACABANA

F O L
Tamaya 1X
-3000 San Alejandro 1X -3000
Agua Caliente 1X

SEC
Chio 1X
Agua Caliente 31D 1X
T IO
D
Chonta 1X
N7
Platanal 1X

T H R
CABANILLAS Sanuya 1X
Shahuinto 1X
Rio Caco 1X
U S T

La Colpa 1X

S H I
B E L

CONTAYA

R A
Runuya 1X

-4000 -4000
East Shira 100 KM
T

M O
O 17C 1

APPENDIX 2g
SW OXAPAMPA WELLS SHIRA MOUNTAINS NE
SAN VICENTE AREA OXA 7-1 OXA 7-2 OXA 19-1 OXA 19-2 WEST SHIRA EAST SHIRA RUNUYA 1X RIO CACO 1X SANUYA 3X PLATANAL 1X (36 2X) LA COLPA 1X SHAHUINTO 1X
60 KM 5 KM 17 KM 7 KM 50 KM 45 KM 25 KM 40 KM 18 KM 32 KM 42 KM 23 KM
TERTIARY
AN 2000
DATUM 500 VIVI
1000 500
-2000 2000 1000 -2000
500 2500
1500
CHONTA 3000

2500
1000
500 500 1500 1000
AGU
CAL A 1000 2500
3000 1500
IENT ENE (?) 2000
E
RAYA
CU
SH 3000 TARMA-COPACABANA
ABA
1000 1000 2000 TAY 1500
-3000 -3000
PUCARA SARAYAQUILLO 1500 3500 2000
GREEN SS 2500

1000
3500

1500 CONDORSINGA 2000 AMBO-CABANILLAS-CONTAYA

2000

EVAPORITES IN AREA
1500 WITH THIN-SKIN TECTONICS
ARAMACHAY
2000
-4000 -4000

2000
BASEMENT
M CHAMBARA
2500
e
t
e
r
s
2500

3000
-5000 MITU -5000

Tamaya 1X
San Alejandro 1X
Agua Caliente 1X
Chio 1X
Agua Caliente 31D 1X
Chonta 1X

Platanal 1X

IDEALIZED STRATIGRAPHY
BELOW MITU
TARMA-COPACABANA
Sanuya 1X

Rio Caco 1X
Shahuinto 1X

La Colpa 1X

-6000 -6000

SHI
S EC TIO N 8

RA
Runuya 1X

MO
East Shira
FOL

UNT
Oxapampa 17C-1
D T

AIN
West Shira
HR

Oxapampa 19-1 Oxapampa 19-2

S
UST

Oxapampa 7-1
Oxapampa 7-2
BEL

-7000 Mashansha 1X
-7000
T

San Vicente Area

100 KM

APPENDIX 2h
 C A M I S E A
SW PONGO MAINIQUE CASHIRIARI 1X SAN MARTIN 1X PANGUANA 1X NE
50 KM 13 KM 95 KM

1000
TERTIARY
2000
VIVIAN
DATUM

500 CHONTA
ARA S
P UC S
ER 2000 ?
UPP NTE
AGUA CALIE
ON E A I
IT
E
1500
DST SH
IN
TS
MU
-4000 MID SS 2500 I PA -4000
ER NO ENE
LOW
NAI
SHI ATSITE
NOIP
1000
ENE 2500

TARMA-COPACABANA
2000

1500
M
e 3000
t
e 2500
r
s -5000 GREEN SS -5000

2000
3500

AMBO

Sepa 1X
Panguana 1X

FOL
2500 SECTION 9

D T
DEVONIAN

HRU
CABANILLAS ? Mipaya 1X

ST
-6000 CAMISEA
X
-6000
in 1
Mart
ANANEA ? Pagoreni 1X San

BEL
SM 3X
Segakiato 1X ri 1 X
hiria
Armihuari 1X Cas

T
3000 CA 2X CA 3X

BASEMENT

50 KM
Pongo Mainique

APPENDIX 2i
N SHAHUINTO 1X LA COLPA 1X S MASHANSHA 1X NW SEPA 1X MIPAYA 1X PAGORENI 1X SEGAKIATO 1XSAN MARTIN 1X SAN MARTIN 3 ARMIHUARI 4X CASHIRIARI 1X CASHIRIARI 3 SE
23 KM 128 KM 61 KM 70 KM 31 KM 15 KM 1 KM 7 KM 13 KM 5 KM 9 KM
1000 2000
TERTIARY
2000

AN
DATUM VI VI 2000
2000

1000 CHONTA 2000

1500 2000
2000
2500

AGUA CALIENTE
0 MID 0
1500 MUD 2500
STON
E
500 LOW 2500
ER
SS
SH 2500
INA
NO I
2500

IP
1500 AT
SIT
E
2000 2500
2500
ENE SS

2000

1000 TARMA-COPACABANA

2000

2500
3000
AMBO
BASEMENT
M
e
t -1000 -1000
e
r
s 1500 GREEN SS

1 Chonta 1X
D Platanal 1X
3500
Sanuya 1X
Shahuinto 1X
Rio Caco 1X

La Colpa 1X
SHI

100 KM
AMBO
RA

Runuya 1X 2000

East Shira
MO

West Shira
UNT

a 19-2 SECTION 10
AIN

pa 7-2

Mashansha 1X
S

DEVONIAN
-2000 -2000
FO
LD

Sepa 1X
Panguana 1X
CABANILLAS ?
TH
RU

CAMISEA
ST

Mipaya 1X
in 1
X ANANEA ?
Mart
BE

San 3X
i 1X SM iari 1X
ren 1X shir
go
LT

Pa to C a
kia ri 1X CA 3X
ga
Se ihua CA 2X
Arm

Pongo Mainique

APPENDIX 2j
 Santa Catalina 2X
CU
S
M H Sa
O A nt
B a Orellana 3X
U Cl
N A ar
T T a
1A
A A Santa Clara 1X
IN Y Rayo 1X

C
S

O
Huaya 4X
Huaya 3X

N
Insaya 1X
SECTION 1

T
A
Cachiyacu 1X

Y
Maquia 1X

A
Amaquiria 1X
Pacaya 1X Inuya 1X
Cashiboya 1A

Cashiboya Sur 29X

Pisqui 1X
Coninca 1X
Coninca 2X
Tiruntan 1X
SECTION 3 SECTION 6

Stratigraphic
Tahuaya 1X
Rashaya Sur 1X

SECTION 2
Aguaytia 1X Zorrillos 1X

Cross-Section
Aguaytia Sur 4XD Neshuya 1X

San
FOL

Ale
jand X
ro 1 l1 Tamaya 1X
X Ca S E

Location Map
Chio 1X A C TI
ON
D

1X Chonta 1X 7
D Platanal 1X
l 31
THR

Ca
A
Sanuya 1X
Shahuinto 1X
Rio Caco 1X
UST

SECTION 5 La Colpa 1X
SHI

SECTION 8
BEL

RA

Runuya 1X

East Shira
T

MO

Oxapampa 17C-1
West Shira
UNT

Oxapampa 19-1
Oxapampa 19-2 SECTION 10
AIN

Oxapampa 7-1
Oxapampa 7-2

SECTION 4 Mashansha 1X
S

San Vicente Area

FO
LD

Sepa 1X
Panguana 1X
TH
RU

SECTION 9
ST

Mipaya 1X
CAMISEA X
INDEX MAP Mart
in 1
BE

Sa n 3 X
GEOLOGICAL CROSS-SECTIONS re n i 1X S M ri 1X
go 1X hiria
to Cas
LT

Pa kia ri 1X CA 3X
ga
Se ihua CA 2X
A r m

200 KM
Pongo Mainique

APPENDIX 2k
 AGUA CALIENTE 31D 1X
CALI
C
0 inches 100
U
M

S
O

H
SP HT60 RHOB
U

A
N

B
A
T
C

T
A
0 mV 80 0.20 OHMM 2000 2 gm/cc 3
A
I O
N

Y
N
S T
A
Y
GR HT24 NPHI
A
0 GAPI 250 0.20 OHMM 2000 0.45
none
-0.15
Operator: Maple
BRAZIL Spud Date: April 19, 2000 0 CHONTA
Comp Date: May 9, 2000
Location of Figure 3
KB: 232 m.
TD: 990.6 m.
FOL

Agua Caliente 31D 1X

UTM: Geographic:
D T

X Coordinate
HRU

Y Coordinate
ST

SHI
BEL

RA

Formation Tops: M. H/C Shows:

T

MO

Chonta 3
UNT

Agua Caliente 277

AIN

Raya 491 587-588m. Lt br oil stain, good pin point flu

S

Cushabatay 603 607-610m. Lt br oil stain, good pin point flu AGUA CALIENTE
FO

Aramachay 729
LD

Tarma Copacabana 767 Trace fluor various intervals

TH
RU
ST

Cores: None
BE

200 KM
LT

CAMISEA DST: None

Table 1: Agua Caliente 31X well data

RAYA
500
Figure 1: Location of the Agua Caliente 31X Well and Detailed Map
(Figure 3)

1
2

CUSHABATAY
4

The Agua Caliente Dome is an elongated NW/SE trending 12 by 7.5 km. surface anticline over which the Agua Caliente oil field was discovered
6

in 1938. It produces 44 API oil from the Cushabatay and Raya (Aguanuya and Paco Sands) Formations. The Chonta Formation outcrops on the
surface in the core of the structure and the Vivian and lower Tertiary Formations along the flanks. In subsurface as seen in the discovery well, the
Agua Caliente 1X (stratigraphic cross-sections 4 and 7), the Cretaceous section directly overlies the Tarma/Copacabana Group including the basal
Green Sandstone unit, which is found at the base. This Group in turn overlies the Contaya Formation, which was deposited over a quartzitic
Basement. A sequence of Jurassic and Paleozoic age is interpreted to border the core of the dome preserved in erosional contact under the ARAMACHAY
9

PUCARA
Cretaceous unconformity. It should be noted that 10

PRE K
the Green Sandstone unit at the base of the Tarma has not been previously interpreted as being present in this well before. 11

COPACABANA

12

The Agua Caliente 31D-1X was programmed to test hydrocarbon accumulations in the flank of the Agua Caliente Dome, west of the oil field. The
objectives were the sands of lower Raya (Aguanuya), Cushabatay, Pucara, Ene and the limestones of the Copacabana Formations. The well TDd
at 991m and drilled the programmed objectives with the exception of the Ene Formation. Light oil shows were encountered in very fine-grained 13
14

sands in the transitional contact between Cushabatay and Raya Formations and slight fluorescence was detected in the top of the Copacabana
Formation underlying the Aramachay Formation. No gas shows were encountered. These shows represent stratigraphic traps in discontinuous
sands interfingering with shale. The Copacabana limestones contained the typical fusulinid fossils on the top of the unit. The organic rich black
shales of the Aramachay Formation are similar to those found in the San Alejandro 1X well where shales had good TOC. Sands of Cretaceous age
TD
show the good reservoir character found elsewhere in the Basin. 1000

Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous to TD) of the Agua Caliente 31X

No tests were performed and the well was abandoned as a dry hole. As the well was drilled well off structure (Figures 3 and 4) it is assumed that Well
this well was drilled to test a stratigraphic trap

APPENDIX 3a
1 of 3
 Base Cretaceous 2WT Structure Map
Contour interval 50 ms

z
Agua Caliente 31X

Figure 3: Two-Time Structure map on Base Cretaceous over the Agua Caliente Field showing the location of the Agua Caliente 31X well and composite seismic line (Figure 4) through the well and across the Agua Caliente Structure.

APPENDIX 3a
2 of 3
 WEST AGUA CALIENTE DOME EAST

Pozo
TD Copacabana

Base Cretaceous

Contaya

Basement

Figure 4: Composite seismic line through the Agua Caliente 31X well illustrating it to having been drilled on the west flank of the Agua Caliente Structure

APPENDIX 3a
3 of 3
 M
C
U
Operator: Petroperu SA
S
O
U
N
H
A
B
Spud Date: Jan 22, 1992 CACHIYACU_1X
T A
A
I
N
T
A
Y
C
O
Comp Date: March 4, 1992
S N
T
A KB: 198 m.
Y

Cachiyacu 1X
A
TD: 1220 m. GRC
BRAZIL 0 GAPI 250
UTM: Geographic: SP LLS NPHI
X Coordinate -74.82582 -100 mV 100 0.20 ohmm 2000 0.45none
-0.15
Y Coordinate -7.33383 CALIC LLD RHOB
0 in 100 0.20 ohmm 2000 2 gr/cc 3
Formation Tops: M. H/C Shows:
FOL

Pozo Shale VIVIAN

D
THR

Pozo Sand
Yahuarango 308 CACHIYACU
UST

SHI

Vivian Upper Sand 393

BEL

RA

Cachiyacu 431 447 m. 100% fluo, inmed cut 2

1 LOWER VIVIAN
T

MO

Vivian Lower Sand 476 476.6 & 479 m. 100% fluo, inmed cut
UNT

500
Chonta 560
AIN

Agua Caliente 846 DST 1 & 2

S

Raya 1,073
CHONTA
Cushabatay 1,168
FO
LD
TH

Cores: 61 SWC 395-1214 m. Between Top Vivian and Cushabatay

RU

DST: 1 and 2. Vivian Two DST's 476-478 m. with and without

ST

WC, Rec SW samples 85,000 ppm

BE

200 KM
LT

3. Vivian 477.71 - 511.5 Ten (10) RFT's. Two in Top Vivian

CAMISEA
found oil grad (0.36 psi/ft) and 8 in Upper Vivian water
grad (0.43 psi/ft), all in one single reservoir
Table 1: Cachiyacu 1X well data

Figure 1: Location of the Cachiyacu 1X Well

AGUA CALIENTE

The Cachiyacu Structure is an asymmetrical NW/SE trending anticline located on the western border of the Contaya Arch and bounded on
the NE flank by the NE and E verging Contamana/Cashiboya Thrusts. It runs for 33 x 6 km with a vertical fault closure of 430m at the
base of Cretaceous and a net closure of 56m with 4,566 acres at the top of Cretaceous. The Cachiyacu/Insaya and the neighboring
Huaya/Maquia/ Pacaya structural alignments are related tectonically to the Contaya Arch and to the last tectonic pulses of Tertiary age. No
seismic data was provided to PARSEP over this well, as part of this study.
1000

The Cachiyacu 1X well is located on the crest of the anticline defined by the 1989-1990 Seismic, on seismic line MQ-90-16, SP 345, and
14 km to the east of the Maquia oil field. Original primary objectives were the Cretaceous Vivian, Cachiyacu, Chonta, Agua Caliente and
RAYA
Cushabatay Formations and the Paleozoic Tarma (Green Sandstone) to a PTD of 1497m. However, the well was TDd at 1220m in the
upper Cushabatay, due to rig capacity. Tops for the Raya and Cushabatay Formations were found 24 and 7m higher respectively than in the
prognosis.

No shows were encountered in the cuttings. The only oil shows were observed in SWCs at 447m in the Cachiyacu Formation and at 476.6 CUSHABATAY
and 479m in the top Lower Vivian Formation. The interval with shows is interpreted as containing movable oil as determined from wire-
line logs. The test of the Lower Vivian very likely had communication with the underlying wet massive sandstones, since RFTs pressures TD
detected the presence of a single reservoir. Although a negative SP indicates flushing, some sandstones produced salt water indicating that
they are isolated and protected from flushing. The area has excellent reservoirs with porosity in excess of 20-25%. Permeability ranges Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous) of the Cachiyacu 1X Well
from 50-70 to 150-350 were found in the Vivian in the Cashiriari 1X well. The entire Cretaceous interval and the lowermost Tertiary has
well-developed shale seals overlying the reservoirs of Raya, Chonta, and Cachiyacu age. Tertiary age.

APPENDIX 3b
 M
C
U
S
Operator:
Spud Date:
Quintana Minerals Peru
May 21, 1998
CHIO 1X
CHIO 2X
O H
U A
N B
A
August 8, 1998
T
A
IN
S
T
A
Y
C
O
Comp Date:
N
T
A
Y KB: 266 m.
A SP RHOB
TD: 3823 m. 0 MV 155 2 gm/cc 3
BRAZIL GR HMRS DPHI
UTM: Geographic: 0 GAPI 140 0.20 OHMM 2000 45 none-15
CALI HRDS NPHI DT
Location of Figure 3 X Coordinate 474,750.59 -75.229612 0 inches 100 0.20 OHMM 2000 45 none-15 500us/m100
Y Coordinate 9,024,113.65 -8.828381
FOL

Chio 1X
VIVIAN
D T

Formation Tops: M. H/C Shows: CACHIYACU

HRU

Pozo Shale LOWER VIVIAN

ST

SHI

Pozo Sand CHONTA

BEL

RA

Yahuarango
T

MO

Vivian 2,074
UNT

Cachiyacu 2,074
AIN
S

Lower Vivian 2,126

Chonta 2,187
FO
LD

Agua Caliente 2,565

TH

Raya 2,765 2913.9-2915.4 Fluorescence, C1-C3 Gas

RU

2500
ST

Cushabatay 2,928 Sli Gas Show 3070-3083

BE

200 KM Sarayaquillo 3,083 AGUA CALIENTE

LT

CAMISEA
Salt 3,627

Cores: None
DST: None
RAYA
Figure 1: Location of the Chio 1X Well and Detailed Map (Figure 3) Table 1: Chio 1X well data

CUSHABATAY
The objective of the well was to evaluate a structural closure at the Pucar level and a Copacabana carbonate mound feature on the NE
corner of Block 81 based on the mapping of 1500km of reprocessed seismic. The main risk was that the interpreted mounds were salt or 3000

anhydrite, as carbonate buildup (bioherm) had ever been drilled in the Basin. The mound tested had an areal closure of 3967ha and 300m
SARAYAQUILLO
of vertical closure. Little closure was seen within the Cretaceous sediments (Figure 3), but structural/stratigraphic traps were of secondary PRE K
importance.

The Chio 1X well drilled the mound and proved to it to be salt, capped by a 4 meter-thick anhydrite bed underlying Sarayaquillo (Figures 2
and 4). The presence of salt water was detected as the mud chlorides increased from 7000 to 36000 ppm Cl after a significant drilling break
3 m above the top of the evaporites was encountered. Drilling resumed after the setting of a 7" liner, 21m above the top of Salt, but drilling
was eventually suspended after intersecting 189m of salt. Preliminary interpretation of the VSP indicated a lithology with faster velocity
than salt was present some 100 to 130m deeper. The Salt was interpreted as being 350m in thickness of which 189m had already been
drilled. 3500

The Cretaceous and Sarayaquillo sections were drilled encountering few and poor indications of hydrocarbons. The base of Raya and the
base of Cushabatay had slight C1-C3 shows. Based on drilling results the well was not tested and it was abandoned as a dry hole. SALT

No closed structure develops below or above the salt at Chio, although the salt pillows grew in pre-Cretaceous time as a large portion of the
Sarayaquillo Formation is eroded above by the overlying pre-Cretaceous unconformity. No later additional growth is detectable in the
Chio salt mound. PARSEPs Base Cretaceous 2WT Structure Map shows a west dipping monocline away from the San Alejandro TD

structural trend (Figure 3). A positive stratigraphic correlation with the San Alejandro 1X well identifies the strong seismic reflector below
the salt as Top Pucar at 2.315 msec on seismic line NP-31 presented in Figure 4. These saline anomalies had been mapped previously by Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous to TD) of the Chio 2X Well
Petroleos del Peru throughout a large portion of the Ucayali Basin (Reategui, 1984). The well proved the mounds to be salt located
stratigraphically between the Sarayaquillo and the Pucar.

APPENDIX 3c
1 of 2
 WEST EAST

Base Cretaceous 2WT Structure Map

Contour interval 50 ms

Pozo

Chonta

Chio 1X
Base Cretaceous
Z
TD Salt
Seismic Line NP-31 Salt

Pucar
Copacabana
Cabanillas

Contaya

Basement

Figure 3: Two-way time structure map on the Base Cretaceous showing monoclinal west dip through the Chio location Figure 4: Seismic line NP-31 through the Chio 1X well location

APPENDIX 3c
2 of 2
 C
INSAYA 1X
M
O
U

U
S
H
A
Location of Figure 3 Operator: Coastal Peru Ltd
N B
T A
A
I
N
T

S
A
Y
C
O
N
Spud Date: April 13, 1996
Insaya 1X
T
A
Y
A
Comp Date: May 9, 1996 GR
0 GAPI 200
KB: 164 m.
BRAZIL TD: 1365 m.
SP LLS RHOB
0 mV 150 0.20 ohmm 2000 2 gr/cc 3
CALI LLD NPHI DT
SL CPL-IN-95-01, SP 1395 UTM: Geographic: 0 inches 100 0.20 ohmm 2000 0.45 %-0.15 500us/m100
500
X Coordinate 491,250.00 -75.0824954
FO L

Y Coordinate 9,209,788.00 -7.1544384 VIVIAN

1C
D
THR

Formation Tops: M. H/C Shows:

UST

SHI

Pozo Shale 402

BEL

RA

2C
Pozo Sand 455 HUCHPAYACU
T

MO

Yahuarango 482
UNT

CACHIYACU
Vivian Upper Sand 534
AIN

3C
Cachiyacu 601 Local Faint Fluor in Cores
S

4C
5C
Vivian Lower Sand 682 6C
FO

LOWER VIVIAN
Chonta 739
LD
TH

Agua Caliente 1,027

RU

Chonta Repeat 1,040

ST
BE

200 KM Agua Caliente Repeat 1,294 CHONTA

LT

CAMISEA
Cores: 6 Continuous cores, 2 in Vivian Upper Sand
and 4 in Cachiyacu.
DST: None
Figure 1: Location of the Insaya 1X Well and Detailed Map (Figure 3) Table 1: Insaya 1X well data

Insaya is a NW/SE trending Andean age anticline parallel to and west of the Contamana Mountains bounded on the NE flank by a thrust fault.
Reserves were calculated to be 39 MMBO (46% fill up case), with 35 milliseconds of fault independent relief. Minimum reserves to be
economic and potential reserves were calculated as 25 and 209 MMBO, respectively. According to the original interpretation Insaya is located
closer to a potential Permian Ene source graben (to the west) than Maquia. Risk involved source rock presence, migration, trap timing and
hydrodynamic flushing. 1000

The Insaya 1X well was programmed to test the Cachiyacu and Vivian Formations on the crest of the NW highest culmination, 25km to the NW THRUST FAULT AGUA CALIENTE
THRUST FAULT
of the Maquia oil field. A coring program was designed to see physical evidence of hydrocarbons for extensive testing operations in an area CHONTA REPEAT

with expected high resistivity on logs. The well basically proved the pre-well structural interpretation. No gas or oil shows in the mud and
cuttings was noted and only local faint fluorescence with no cut was observed in the Cachiyacu. Reservoirs all had good measured porosity and
permeability of up to 30% and 1073mD respectively. Most, if not all, sands in Vivian, Chonta and Agua Caliente were found with fresh water
(see SP in front of sands in Figure 2). No tests were performed and the well was abandoned as a dry hole.

PARSEP TWT seismic map at Base Cretaceous in Figure 3 shows the Insaya Structure with its two culminations. Figures 2 and 4 of the log and
a seismic section shows that the well cut a thrust fault at 1040m near the top of the Agua Caliente Formation and drilling continued into the
footwall section of a repeated Chonta and Agua Caliente interval. The Insaya well 1X tested a valid structural closure in Vivian.

An explanation for the lack of success may be either one of freshwater flushing, age of structuration (post-dating hydrocarbon migration or lack
of adequate hydrocarbon charge to sufficiently charge the structures in the area. From the results of the well indicate that the postulated Ene
AGUA CALIENTE REPEAT
source kitchen of Coastal, does not appear to be present. The anticipated source rock for this area is believed to be the Pucar as it is in the
Maquia field.

Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous) of the Insaya 1X Well

APPENDIX 3d
1 of 3
 Base Cretaceous 2WT Structure Map
Contour interval 20 ms

INSAYA 1X

Seismic Line IN9501

Figure 3: Two-way time structure map on the Base Cretaceous over the Insaya Structure

APPENDIX 3d
2 of 3
 SOUTHWEST Seismic Line IN9501 NORTHEAST

Pozo
TD Agua Caliente (2)
Chonta
Agua Caliente
Cushabatay
Base Cretaceous
Top Paleozoic

Copacabana

Figure 4: Seismic line IN-95-01 across the Insaya Structure

APPENDIX 3d
3 of 3
 Operator: Repsol
MASHANSHA 1X
Spud Date: June 7, 2002
C
U
M S
O H
U A
N
T
A
B

I
A
T
A C
Comp Date: (2002)
N
CALS IDPH
334 m.
Y

KB:
O
S N
T
A
Y 0 IN 100 0.20 OHMM 2000
A
TD: 2182 m. GR SFLU
BRAZIL 0 GAPI 200 0.20 OHMM 2000
SL 35-REP--99-128, SP UTM: Geographic: SP AHT20 RHOB
0 mV 200 0.20 OHMM 20000 2 gm/cc 3
X Coordinate 676,642.80 -73.386111
SP5 AHT30 NPHI DT
Y Coordinate 8,841,947.40 -10.471892 0 mV 600 0.20 OHMM 20000 0.45none
-0.15 500us/m100
FO L

Location of Figure 3 Formation Tops: M. H/C Shows: VIVIAN

D
THR

Yahuarango
UST

Vivian Upper Sand 1,048 CACHIYACU

SHI
BEL

Cachiyacu 1,094 LOWER VIVIAN

RA
T

MO

Vivian Lower Sand 1,128 CHONTA

UNT

Chonta 1,151
AIN

Mashansha 1X
Agua Caliente 1,349 Up to 50% lt br oil stain in SWC. v. slow cut fluor
S

Tarma Copacabana 1,379 Commn fluor in SWC. Oc. Tr. cut fluor
FO

Green Sandstone 2,008 tr to 80% pale to bright yellow flu , loc cut fluor, res ring
LD

Ambo 2,038 mod to fast strong stream mky wh cut fluor

TH
RU

Basement 2,078 DST 3

ST
BE

200 KM AGUA CALIENTE

LT

CAMISEA Cores: Rec 67 SWC in 3 Runs from 1355 to 2035 m., 3

PRE K
DST: COPACABANA
1. Green Sandstone 2009.2-2010.8 m. Rev out 78.5 bbls Fm Water 71000 ppm Cl
2. Copacabana 1473.4-1479.5 m. Rec 1561 bbls Fm fluid 4000 ppm Cl with H2S max 28 ppm
3. Agua Caliente 1355-1361.2 m. Rev out 1587 bbls Fm fluids and 1.38 % oil 2 DST 2
Figure 1: Location of the Insaya 1X Well and Detailed Table 1: Mashansha 1X well data 1500
Map (Figure 3)

The Mashansha structure is a N/S trending four-way dip closure located in the NE portion of Block 35. It presents two culminations with the
northern one extending into Block 34.

The Mashansha 1X well was a proposed basement test to a PTD of 2,500m to test the south culmination of the Mashansha structure which had
a mapped vertical relief of 70-60m within the objective Paleozoic and Cretaceous sections. Primary objectives for the well were the
Carboniferous Ambo and the Green Sandstone, the basal Tarma Group unit, and a secondary objective was within the sandstones of the lower
Chonta Formation. The expected source rocks were to be from shales of the Ambo Group, the source of the gas/condensate in the Camisea
area to the southwest, the Devonian Cabanillas and late Permian age Ene Formation. The objectives were found over 100m deeper and the DST 1
Basement some 370m deeper than in the prognosis. A thin Ambo section overlies Basement and the Cabanillas is absent. 2000 GREEN SS
1
AMBO
PARSEP stratigraphic and seismic interpretations are shown in accompanying Figures 2,3 and 4. Based on regional correlations the Mainique
BASEMENT
or Ene Formations is absent in the well, and a thin Agua Caliente section is found overlying the Copacabana Formation, which is supported
seismically (Figure 4). The PARSEP generated TWT map on the Base Cretaceous (Figure 3) shows that the well was not drilled on the
structural culmination in time which is located to the south, and that the well was located just inside the last closing contour. The well,
however, was drilled on a depth conversion, which indicated the well was drilled near the structural crest of the feature (Personal Comm.
Burlington Resources). Significant hydrocarbon shows within the Paleozoic section of this well indicate that hydrocarbons have been Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous to TD) of the Mashansha 1X Well
generated in the area and migrated through the section. Just to the east of the well, there is an interpreted north trending Lower Cretaceous
channel (Section 5.0 this report) that is in lateral communication with the upper Paleozoic section. This being the case, there may not have
been a lateral seal for the section penetrated at the Mashansha location.

APPENDIX 3e
1 of 3
 Base Cretaceous 2WT Structure Map
Contour interval 20 ms

Composite Seismic line displayed in Figure 4

Figure 3: Composite seismic line through the Mashansha 1X well and across the highest (in time) mapped portion of the structure.

APPENDIX 3e
2 of 3
 E W N S W E SW NE

REP-35-128 REP-35-101 REP-35-132 SHL-UB-59

HIGHEST LOCATION IN TIME ON

THE MASHANSHA STRUCTURE

Pozo
Chonta

Base Cretaceous

Tarma

Ambo TD Basement

Devonian

Basement

Figure 4: Composite seismic line through the Mashansha 1X well

APPENDIX 3e
3 of 3
 PAGORENI 1X
Operator: Shell Prospecting & Dev.
Spud Date: June 30, 1998
C
U
M

Comp Date: November 1, 1998 SP

O

H
U

A
B
N

A
T

KB: 472 m 0 mV 150

A

T
A
I

C
N

O
S

N
TD: 3426 m

T
GR LLS TNPH

A
Y
A
0 GAPI 200 0.20 ohmm 2000 0.45V/V
-0.15
BRAZIL UTM: Geographic:
CALI LLD RHOB DT
X Coordinate 729,859.00 -72.900456
Y Coordinate 8,702,552.50 -11.701825 0 inches 100 0.20 ohmm 2000 2 gm/cc 3 500us/m100

Formation Tops: M. H/C Shows: 5

VIVIAN
FOL

Pozo Shale -
D T

Pozo Sand -
HRU

Yahuarango Charophites 2,336 CACHIYACU

ST

Vivian 2,549 Slight Gas Shows LOWER VIVIAN

SHI
BEL

Cachiyacu 2,600 Slight Gas Shows

RA

6
T

Lower Vivian 2,620 Slight Gas Shows

MO
UNT

Location of Figure 3 Chonta 2,680 Good Gas shows below 3000 m. CHONTA
Agua Caliente 3,105 Good Gas shows
AIN

Mid Mudstone 3,210 Gas shows

S

Lower Nia 3,229 Good Gas shows

FO

Shinai 3,378 Gas shows

LD
TH
RU

Cores:
ST

Pagoreni 1X
DST:
BE

200 KM 1. (1A) Lower Nia 3340-3350 m.

LT

CAMISEA 9.9 MMSCFG/D (0.28 MM m3 GD) 28/64" CHK

2.(1B) Lower Nia 3230-3350, Re-run DST 1A + additional sands
3340.3-3350.3, 3332.3-3340.3, 3315-3325, 3287-3297, 3261-3271,
3241-3251, and 3230-3240m. (68M)
18.7 MMCFG/D (0.53 MM m3/D) 40/64" CHK
3. (1C) Agua Caliente and Lower Nia 3137-3350
Figure 1: Location of the Pagoreni 1X Well and Detailed Map (Figure DST 2 and 3196-3206, 3181-3191, 3152-3162 and 3137-3147.
3) 31.6 MMCFG/D (0.896 MMm3/D) 1" CHK, 107BAR THP
Table 1: Pagoreni 1X well data
3000
7

16
GAS
SHOWS
Pagoreni is the latest in a series of hanging wall closures drilled along the northwest trending Camisea fold and thrust belt of the southern 8

Maraon Basin. The structure is located to the NW of the world-class gas/condensate discoveries San Martin and Cashiriari and to the SE of a
much smaller gas/condensate discovery, Mipaya, all of which were drilled by Shell in the 1980s. Hydrocarbons for all these accumulations
9

10

AGUA CALIENTE
are most likely derived from coaly shales of the Ambo Group. 12

DST - 3 3

The Pagoreni 1X well was drilled 15 km to the NW of the San Martin 1X well to test the hydrocarbon potential of the Cretaceous and Permian 13

targets in Block 75. The well represented the culmination of a second exploration campaign in the area by Shell. This followed the drilling of
14

the appraisal wells in San Martin and Cashiriari in Block 88-B in an attempt to establish commerciality in the Camisea area. The Pagoreni well
MID MUDSTONE
15

was programmed to drill directionally with an inclination of 55, which represented a horizontal displacement of 2472m to a PTD of near 2
17

LOWER NIA
4000m in the upper Copacabana Group. The primary hydrocarbon targets were the Agua Caliente (Basal Chonta Sand and Upper Nia) and
Lower Nia Formations and the secondary targets were the Vivian and Ene Formations and the Lower Chonta sands. The well drilled all and
tested successfully most of the primary targets. The main objective Lower Nia found exceptionally well developed 150m of eolian sands
(compared to the 35 and 50m drilled in San Martin and Cashiriari, Appendixes 11 and 12). Tests were conducted in the Lower Nia and Agua
Caliente Formations, which resulted in the addition of substantial gas and condensate proven reserves to the greater Camisea Area. Reserves DST -2 1

estimates for the well are 3.2 TCFG, GIP as assessed by Shell.
18

SHINAI
The well is considered a world-class gas/condensate discovery with potential production rates of over 30 MMCFGD as shown in the
DST - 1
accompanying Table 1 and Figure 2. Untested sections includes a similar gas/condensate interval in the bottom 28m of the lower Nia that could 19 22

20
21

TD
not be reached due to mechanical problems, the top 30m interval of the Agua Caliente Formation, and a potential 100m gas column in the
lowermost Chonta Formation. The Vivian Formation had poor gas shows while drilling. Additionally, the Pagoreni 1X well did not test the
hydrocarbon potential of the secondary objectives the, Noi and Ene Sandstone Members reaching a final TD of 3426m in the Upper Shinai UNDRILLED TOP ENE/NOI
Member. Due to mechanical reasons, the hole was sidetracked twice after leaving two fish in the hole, in the 12 hole at 2150m in Tertiary Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous to TD) of the Pagoreni 1X Well
red beds and in the 8 hole at 2851m in lower Chonta.
APPENDIX 3f
1 of 2
SW NE
Seismic Line SH-UBA-22-39
Shown in Appendix 3l Figure 4

Seismic Line SH-UBA-12

Seismic Line SH-UBA-13

Seismic Line SH-UB-12

NW SE

Figure 3: Dip (above left) and Strike (below left) through the
Pagoreni Structure. Note that the Dip line is located to the
northwest of the Pagoreni 1X well. Seismic Line SH-UBA-
22-39 located on the diagram above is shown in Figure 4,
Appendix 3l

Seismic Line SH-UB-13

APPENDIX 3f
2 of 2
 Operator: Phillips Petroleum Peru
C
Spud Date: December 26, 1998
U
M
O
U
S
H
A
Comp Date: February 9, 1999
N B
T
A
IN
A
T
A
KB: 397 m.
Y
TD: 2750 m.

C
S
PANGUANA 1X

O
N
T
A
Y
A
UTM: Geographic:
BRAZIL CALI
X Coordinate 790637.739 -72.340231
0 inches 100
Y Coordinate 8780112.022 -11.023678
SP HMRS RHOB
0 mV 150 0.20 ohmm 2000 1 g/cm3 3
Formation Tops: M. H/C Shows: GR HDRS NPHI DT
Pozo Shale 0 GAPI 200 0.20 ohmm 2000 0.45 %-0.15 459.20
us/m
131.20
FOL

Pozo Sand
D T

CACHIYACU
Yahuarango
HRU

VIVIAN
Vivian 1109 LOWER VIVIAN
ST

SHI

CHONTA
Cachiyacu 1109
BEL

RA

Location of Figure 3 Lower Vivian 1137

T

1
MO

Chonta 1163 1232-1240 C1-C4

U NTA

Agua Caliente 1313 AGUA CALIENTE

INS

7
8
Tarma Copacabana 1395 1428-1432 C1-C4 10
11
12
1566 m. W eak slow atreaming yel wh cut fluo. 19
20
13
21
23 COPACABANA
Panguana 1X PRE K
Green Sandstone 1548 1564-1565 C1-C4.
FO

2
L

1638, 1643m. Light brown oil stain, with cut flu.

D
TH

Ambo 1578 1635-1645 C1-C3. 1500

RU
ST

1688 m. Brown patchy oil st with flu. 3

GREEN SS
4
5

AMBO
BE

Devonian 1687 2165-2175 C1-C5. 2

5
3
6
200 KM
L

32
T

33
34
CAMISEA 35
27
24
4

26
31
30
28
Cores: 32 SW C 1333 (Chonta)-2657 m (Devonian). 2 Rotary. 29
Pred slst dk gy, gr gy
SW C in Tarma and Devonian. See shows above. 14
16
15 DEVONIAN

DST: 1. Green Sandstone. Selective Fm Tester 1688 m.

167.65 SCFG, 2 cubic inches of very light oil gravity.
36
38
Figure 1: Location of the Panguana 1X Well and Detailed Map (Figure 3) 2. 32 Selective Fm Tester 1332 (Chonta)-2084 m (Devonian) 37
Recovery of Gas and Oil in only the Green Sandstone
Table 1: Panguana 1X well data

2000
The operators interpretation is that the Panguana Anticline is a WNW/ESE trending anticline extending 13 km in length and 4 km wide on the SE
corner of Block 82. It is described as having three-way dip closure and one-way normal fault closure with the anticline being bounded to the NE
42
40
by a NW/SE trending normal fault whose throw across the fault is sufficient to seal an 80m HC column by juxtaposed shales. The mapping done
by PARSEP (Figure 3) does show that the Panguana well was drilled on a closed structure but one of limited areal extent and one bounded by
faults of reverse throw (Figure 4).
The well location is located updip from the Camisea fields, an area partially occupied by the Tertiary foredeep basin where thermal modeling SELECTIVE
suggests the presence of mature source rocks of various Paleozoic ages and kitchen areas. Available seismic does not define major faulting to FM TESTER
prevent hydrocarbons migration from these kitchens, where Basin Modeling indicates current generation and migration. The shows encountered
during the evaluation of this well would support this concept.
The Panguana 1X well was programmed to a TD of 2500m or to top of Basement, to test the Cretaceous Vivian and Oriente Group (including
Agua Caliente and Cushabatay Formations) as primary objectives and the Tarma Group as a secondary objective. Potential reservoirs in the
6

2500
Tarma/Copacabana Group were, the basal Green Sandstone, and porous dolomitic zones and possible additional sand and karsted intervals within
the Copacabana sequence.
The well found the primary objectives Chonta and Agua Caliente and 30m of Lower Vivian sands with fair to good development. The Vivian and
Agua Caliente Formations were found 190 and 85m deeper, and the Copacabana and base of Tarma, 105 and 120m shallower than prognosis. The
well was TDd at 2750m in Devonian, possibly Cabanillas Formation. No Cushabatay or Raya Formations were present in the well. PARSEP
TD
interprets the Cushabatay and Raya wedges to onlap to the W/NW of the Panguana location and the upper Agua Caliente sands are found resting
directly over Copacabana. The thin section assigned by the operator to Ene/Mainique is considered as part of the Agua Caliente Formation. The Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous to TD) of the Panguana 1X Well
Copacabana section is thin in this well as a result of erosional thinning beneath the Base Cretaceous unconformity. The pre-Ambo section is
generally a thick sequence of coarse clastics that has tentatively been interpreted to be of Devonian age that are often referred to as Ananea in the
southern Ucayali Basin. It may also include older sediments as well.
Minor oil and gas shows were encountered in the Cretaceous and Paleozoic objectives. Slight amounts of gas and very light API oil were
recovered only from the Green Sandstone in a series of open hole Selective Formation Tests taken in the Cretaceous and Paleozoic section.
Porosities often exceeded 25% and permeabilities were found in the range of 1300-3500 mD in SWCs through the Agua Caliente section. The
Green Sandstone and Ambo from SWC analysis were found to have porosities as high as 17% with permeabilities in the range of 3-140 mD in the APPENDIX 3g
Green Sandstone and Ambo. Evaluation of well results concluded lack of commercial hydrocarbons in Panguana.
1 of 3
 Panguana 1X

Seismic Line TOT 39-220

(Figure 4)

Base Cretaceous 2WT Structure Map

Contour interval 10 ms

APPENDIX 3g
2 of 3
 WEST EAST

Seismic Line TOT 39-220

Chonta
Base Cretaceous

Ambo
Devonian

Ananea

Basement

Figure 4: Seismic line TOT 35-220 through the Panguana 1X well location (with synthetic). Note the anomalously thick section of Ananea(?) section beneath the Ambo.

APPENDIX 3g
3 of 3
 Operator: Pluspetrol Peru Corp RASHAYA SUR 1X
C

Spud Date: February, 1998

U
M

S
O

H
U

Comp Date: April, 1998

N

B
A
T

T
A

SP
I

C
N

O Location of Figure 3 KB: 467 m.

S

N
T 0 mV 200
A
Y
A TD: 3497 m.
BRAZIL GR HLLS
0 GAPI 250 0.20 OHM-M 2000
Rashaya Sur 1X SL NP 24, 49 m.NW of SP 384 UTM: Geographic: CALI HLLD RHOB DT
X Coordinate 457,196.00 -75.388564 0 PUL 100 0.20 OHM-M 2000 2 gm/cc 3 500us/m100
Y Coordinate 9,099,123.00 -8.149781
FOL

CACHIYACU
D

Formation Tops: M. H/C Shows:

THR

VIVIAN
Pozo Shale
UST

SH I

LOWER VIVIAN
Pozo Sand
BEL

RA

Yahuarango
T

MOU

Vivian Upper Sand 2,353

NTA

CHONTA
Cachiyacu 2,353
INS

2500
Vivian Lower Sand 2,410
FO

Chonta 2,481
LD

Agua Caliente 2,839

TH
RU

Raya 3,041 Gas shows C1-C5. Tr to 5% fluorescense 3163-3184m.

ST

Cushabatay 3,199 Sli Gas Shows C1-C5. Tr fluorescense

BE

200 KM
LT

CAMISEA Pumayacu 3,374 Gas shows C1-C5. Tr to 15% fluorescense 3280-3289m.

Cabanillas 3,417

Cores: None
DST:
Figure 1: Location of the Rashaya Sur 1X Well and 1. Pumayacu (Lowermost Cretaceous) 3411-3415 m.
Detailed Map (Figure 3) Rec 8 bbls completion fluid, 79.5 bbls Fm water (42,185ppm Cl) and 58 bbls diesel.
2. Lower Raya 3176-3183 m. AGUA CALIENTE
Reversed out Rec 2 bbls completion fluid, 80 bbls Fm water (41,192ppm Cl) and 61 bbls diesel and oil.
3. Upper Raya 3049.5-3052 m.
Reversed out 0.6 bbls completion fluid, 16 bbls Fm water (42,600ppm Cl)and 39 bbls diesel and oil 40.6 API.
Table 1: Rashaya Sur 1X well data
3000

RAYA
3
4

DST 3
Rashaya Sur is one of four independent culminations along the N/S trending Pisqui/Santa Ana structural alignment that extends 75 km. in
the NE corner of ex-Block 79. Rashaya Sur is an elongated 7 by 3 km. anticline with a steep eastern flank bordered by a late Andean-aged,
high angle thrust fault. This fault appears to be one of several that form a series of en echelon structures (Figure 3) along the overall
DST 2
2
structural trend. To the west of the well (Figure 5) a spectacular normal fault with over 1.0 msec of throw can be seen. The general
3

CUSHABATAY
orientation of this older fault system is in SW to NE and in general have not experienced much reactivation during the latest Andean
orogeny. Typically in the area of Rashaya Sur they act as transfer faults between en echelon fault sets.
2

The well objective was to evaluate the Cushabatay Formation and to drill 173m into an interpreted possible Pucar section to a PTD of DST 1
3,500m. The secondary objective were the sandstones of the Raya Formation. Rashaya Sur 1X found all programmed objectives some
PUMAYACU
80m deeper than prognoisis and the well was TDd in Paleozoic, identified as Cabanillas by PanEnergy (1999B). Slight oil shows and
continuous gas shows (C1-C5) were detected in the Raya, Cushabatay and Pumayacu Formations in unflushed reservoirs which 1
1

PRE K
encouraged well completion. The three DSTs did not flow fluids to surface, but the recovery by reversing out was salt water of 42,00 CABANILLAS

ppm Cl and with only a little oil which was seen in the last test. Probably the extensive gas shows represent residual gas in unflushed
TD
Raya, Cushabatay and Pumayacu. The section above Raya is flushed as seen in the SP (Figure 2).
Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous to TD) of the Rashaya Sur 1X Well
PARSEP interprets the Rashaya Sur structure to be separated from the much larger Rashaya Norte structure by en-echelon Andean age
thrust faults as depicted in Figure 3 and 4.

APPENDIX 3h
1 of 3
 Base Cretaceous 2WT Structure Map EAST NORTH
Contour interval 50 ms

Base Cretaceous 2WT Structure Map

Contour interval 50 ms

Rashaya Norte Structure

Composite Seismic Line
(Figure4)
Rashaya Norte Structure

Pozo

Chonta TD Cabanillas
Agua Caliente
Base Cretaceous
z
Copacabana
Rashaya Sur 1X
Cabanillas
Seismic Line NP-24
(Figure 5)
Contaya

Figure 3: Two-Time Structure map on Base Cretaceous over the Rashaya Sur Structure. To the north of the well is the Figure 4: Composite seismic line through the Rashaya Sur 1X location and the Rashaya Norte Structure
much larger Rashaya Norte Structure.

APPENDIX 3h
2 of 3
 WEST EAST

Pozo

Chonta
TD Cabanillas
Agua Caliente

Base Cretaceous
Upper Sarayaquillo Top Paleozoic
Salt
Lower Sarayaquillo

Cabanillas

Pucar
Contaya
Copacabana

Figure 5: Seismic line NP-24 through the Rashaya Sur 1X location. Note the 1.0 second displacement on the western-most bounding normal fault to the Structure.

APPENDIX 3h
3 of 3
 Operator: Pan Energy E & P Ltd
M
C
U Spud Date: January 26, 1998
S
O
U
N
H
A
B
Comp Date: May 9, 1998
T A
A
I
N
T
A
Y
C
O
KB: 271 m.
SAN ALEJANDRO 1X
S N
T
A
Y
TD: 3572.3 m.
A
UTM: Geographic:
BRAZIL X Coordinate 488,567.32 -75.10399
IDPH
Y Coordinate 9,025,754.69 -8.81332 0.20 ohmm 2000
Location of Figure 3 Formation Tops: M. H/C Shows: SP SFLU
0 mV 200 0.20 ohmm 2000
Vivian Upper Sand 1,315 GR AHT90 RHOB
Cachiyacu 1,315 0 GAPI 200 0.20 ohm. 2000 2 gm/cc 3
CALI AHT60 TNPH DT
San Alejandro 1X Vivian Lower Sand 1,364
FOL

0 IN 100 0.20 ohm. 2000 0.45 ft3/ -0.15 500 us/m 100
Chonta 1,438 Slight Gas Shows
D

Agua Caliente 1,798

THR

CACHIYACU
Raya 1,984 C1-C5 Best Gas Shows 2128-2175.
UST

VIVIAN
SHI

2127.5-2145.8 Oil Fluorescence LOWER VIVIAN

BEL

RA

CHONTA
Cushabatay 2,174 Slight Gas Shows
T

MO

Sarayaquillo 2,304 Slight Gas Shows Top 150m. 1500

UNT

C1-C5 Best GS Bottom 135m

AIN

Condorsinga 2,862 Gas Shows C1-C5

S

Aramachay 3,150 Gas Shows C1-C5

Copacabana 3,203 Gas Shows C1-C5 down to TD
FO

Copacabana Fusulinids 3213-3216, 3277-3286, 3426-3429 and 3441-3444.

LD

AGUA CALIENTE
Cores: 2 Runs, Recovered 53 SWC 2701-3317 m. Sarayaquillo,
TH
RU

Condorsinga, Aramachay and Copacabana

ST

DST:
BE

200 KM RAYA
1. Condorsinga 2865.1 - 2886.5 m. Flow 1bbl/hr Diesel Cushion.
LT

2000
CAMISEA 1A. Repeat DST 1 with Acidiz. Flow 1bbl/hr Diesel Cu.Est rec 10 bbls Fm water
2. Raya 2128.4 - 2144 Diesel cushion 8
DST 2
2
No flow TS. Est recovery 10 bbls Fm fluid, mud, filtrate, water, tr oil.
1

9 CUSHABATAY
2A. Repeat DST 2 No Cushion
Recover 3603' mainly mud, with assoc gas. Slugging gas, oil and mud.
PRE K
Figure 1: Location of the San Alejandro 1X Well and Detailed Map 3. 6 RFT's in Upp Condorsinga 2864-2884 m. add. RFT's in Raya/Cushabatay 2135-2286m. 11

SARAYAQUILLO
(Figure 3) Table 1: San Alejandro 1X well data
12

13

2500

The San Alejandro structure is one of three culminations on the San Alejandro NNW/SSE trending structural alignment that is bordered by a thrust
fault along its eastern flank (Figure 3 and 4). The San Alejandro alignment plunges to the NW and outcrops to the SE in the NW Shira Mountains
where an oil seep is present. The shallow Cretaceous objectives are not coincidental with the deeper Paleozoic objectives over the Structure. The
well was drilled with the Cretaceous section being targeted as the principal objective. Major risks involved, timing of structuration and meteoric DST 1
flushing. CONDORSINGA
1
PUCARA
2

14

San Alejandro 1X well was programmed originally to test Cretaceous (main), Pucar and Ene reservoirs near the crest of the San Alejandro central
3000
culmination, to a PTD of 2978m. The well encountered continuous gas shows (C1-C5) from 2700m to TD in unflushed intervals in the lower
Sarayaquillo, Pucar (Condorsinga and Aramachay) and Copacabana (Figure 2). Similar gas shows with oil fluorescence were present in lower 3

15

Raya in a section protected from flushing (DST 2). Slight gas shows were recorded from Chonta, Raya, Cushabatay and upper Sarayaquillo down 4
ARAMACHAY
COPACABANA
to 2350m, in a section with pronounced fresh water flushing. Testing proved a porous tight upper Condorsinga Formation and a non-commercial oil
16

17

accumulation in the lower Raya, and the RFTs indicated fresh and salt-water gradients in the upper and lower Cushabatay, respectively. During
18

19

abandonment procedures, the casing collapsed and the well was abandoned without the possibility of a future re-entry.

Post-well studies provided positive identification of the Aramachay (Geochemical biomarkers) and Copacabana (fusulinids in thin sections)
3500
Formations, and a correlation between the oil recovered from the lower Raya oil back to a Pucar source rock. 6

TD

The San Alejandro 1X well drilled a Cretaceous culmination near its crest and the flank of a deeper Paleozoic culmination (Figure 3 and 4). The Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous to TD) of the San Alexjandro 1X Well
main reservoir objectives were water-bearing and/or flushed by meteoric waters. Residual gas or gas being generated presently was encountered in
the structure. The test in Raya proved the presence of oil generation, migration and entrapment in stratigraphic traps that were protected from both
regional flushing and deep burial that would have cracked the oil into gas.

APPENDIX 3i
1 of 3
 Base Cretaceous 2WT Structure Map
Contour interval 50 ms

Seismic Line G35-603

(Figure4) Z
San Alejandro1X

Figure 3: Two-way time structure map on the Base Cretaceous across the San Alejandro location

APPENDIX 3i
2 of 3
 WEST EAST

Seismic Line G35-603

Pozo

Chonta

Base Cretaceous

TD Copacabana
Pucar

Copacabana

Basement

Figure 4: Seismic line G35-603 through the San Alejandro 1X well location

APPENDIX 3i
3 of 3
 SHAHUINTO 1X

C
Operator: Pangea (Peru) Energy Ltd. SP
U
M
O
U
S

N
H
A
B
Spud Date: November, 1998 0 mV 200
T
A
I
A

N
T
A
Y
C
O
Comp Date: December, 1998 GR AHT30 RHOB
S

KB: 294
N
T
A
Y
0 GAPI 200 0.20 ohmm 2000 2 gm/cc 3
A
TD: 2171 HCAL AHT90 TNPH DT
BRAZIL 0 in 100 0.20 ohmm -0.15 500us/m100
2000 0.45ft3/
Intersect SL 87-43.5 and 97-03 UTM: Geographic:
X Coordinate 689,626.27 -73.27385 VIVIAN
Location of Figure 3 Y Coordinate 8,977,646.35 -9.2446 CACHIYACU
LOWER VIVIAN
FOL

Formation Tops: M. H/C Shows:

D

CHONTA
THR

Shahuinto 1X Pozo Shale

UST

Pozo Sand 1000

SHI

Yahuarango
BEL

RA
T

Vivian Upper Sand 850

MO
UNT

Cachiyacu 855
AIN

Vivian Lower Sand 861

AGUA CALIENTE
S

Chonta 909
Agua Caliente 1,125 Occasionaly very weak wh yel cut
FO
LD

Ene Sandstone 1,289

TH

Tarma Copacabana 1,303 Poor Oil Shows in Ls & Dol. Tar, dark
RU
ST

brown oil stain and loc vis oil in pits

BE

200 KM Green Sandstone 1,865 Poor oil shows in sandstones PRE K

LT

CAMISEA Ambo 1,900 Poor oil shows in sandstones ENE

Basement 2,120 COPACABANA
Above shows with slight C1-C3 gas

Cores: 3 Runs Rec 47 SWC's 1128-2155 m. poor oil shows

Figure 1: Location of the Shahuinto 1X Well and Detailed DST: None
Map (Figure 3)
Table 1: Shahuinto 1X well data 1500
1
2

PARSEP was unable to re-interpret the Shahuinto area due to the lack of available SEGY digital seismic (Figure 5). As interpreted by
the operator Murphy/Pangea Shahuinto is a well defined seismic prospect in ex-block 71 located 240 km N of the giant Camisea gas 4

condensate fields and 180 km SE of Agua Caliente oil field. The structure is an elongated N/S trending asymmetric anticline bounded
6

on the steep eastern flank by an early Andean age high angle thrust fault (Figures 3 and 4). The size of the structure is 42 by 4 km 8

(36,100 acres) with fault closure at the base Cretaceous the vertical closure is 230m). The well itself was drilled within a much
smaller four-way dip closure in the northern half of the much larger fault closure as shown in Figure 3. The primary objectives for the GREEN SS
well were the Cretaceous Oriente Formations (basically Agua Caliente) and Paleozoic Tarma/Copacabana with secondary targets in 9
10

AMBO
the Vivian, Chonta and Ambo Formations, to a PTD of 2,400 m in Basement.
11
Carb sh & lignite
12

From the seismic line presented in Figure 4, the Shahuinto structure appears to be the result of a graben that was inverted during the Common carb sh
2000
late Andean orogeny as the pre-Cretaceous to Basement section on the hanging wall side is considerably thicker than the footwall side.
Despite this, all the Sarayaquillo, Ene and the upper Copacabana were truncated by the Base Cretaceous unconformity.
BASEMENT
The well drilled the expected formation tops of the Vivian, Copacabana and Basement levels at 24, 55 and 226 m respectively
shallower than in the prognosis. A thin siliciclastic unit overlying Copacabana was interpreted to represent the basal Ene Formation TD
although it is most likely an interbed within the Copacabana Group as the Copacabana has been erosionally thinned. Poor oil and gas
shows were found only in the Paleozoic. The Cretaceous section in its entirety was found wet. The well was plugged and abandoned Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous to TD) of the Shahuinto 1X Well
without testing. The young age of the structure, which probably postdated migration, is believed to be one of the principal reasons for
the lack of success of this well.

APPENDIX 3j
1 of 2
 Chonta 2WT Structure Map
Contour interval 50 ms

TD Basement

PARSEP Seismic Coverage

AVAILABLE SEGY DATA

Pangea Seismic Coverage

Shahuinto 1X
La Colpa 1X Figure 4: (modified from Pangea, 1999)
Seismic line 87-43.5 through the
Shahuinto 1X well location.

Figure 3: Two-Time Structure map on the Chonta over the Shahuinto Structure Figure 5: Location of seismic data in the area of ex-Block 71 of Pangea Energy (modified from Pangea, 1999. The lack of
(after Pangea 1999) available SEGY seismic data (dashed yellow) in this area necessitated the utilization of the Pangea interpretation in the
evaluation of the Shahuinto well.

APPENDIX 3j
2 of 2
 Operator: Shell Prospecting & Dev.
Spud Date: August 7, 1986
Comp Date: December 9, 1986
C
U
M

S
O

CASHIRIARI 1X
U

681 m.
A

KB:
N

B
A
T
A

C
A
I

TD: 2684 m.
O
N

N
S

T
A
Y
A

CALI
BRAZIL UTM: Geographic: ABREVIATIONS
0 inches 100
X Coordinate 747,158.92 -72.73117 NS, NGS Net Sand, Net Gas Sand SP SFLU RHOB
Y Coordinate 8,686,679.48 -11.87122 K Permeability 0 mV 150 0.20 OHMM 2000 2 gm/cc 3
Average Porosity GR LLD NPHI DT
Formation Tops: M. H/C Shows: Sw Water Saturation 0 GAPI 200 0.20 ohmm 2000 0.45none
-0.15 500us/m100
FOL

Pozo Shale * Lower Chonta only

D

Pozo Sand 2000

THR

Yahuarango Charophytes 1936 NS m. K, mD % Sw % VIVIAN

UST

Vivian Upper Sand 2020 20 16 24

SHI
BEL

RA

Cachiyacu 2047 16 16 73 CACHIYACU

T

MO

Vivian Lower Sand 2060 20 1004 17 89 LOWER VIVIAN

UNT

Chonta 2098 Good Gas Shows C1-C4: 2285-2343 55* 15 58* 3

AIN

Agua Caliente 2349 Good Gas Shows C1-C4

87 148 13 60-70 CHONTA
S

Lower Nia 2419 Good Gas Shows C1-C4

Shinai 2469 Slight Gas Shows DST 3
FO
LD

Noipatsite 2541 Good Gas Shows C1-C4 53 9 44-37

TH

Ene Sandstone 2627 Good Gas Shows C1-C4 27 20 7 60

RU
ST

Tarma Copacabana 2674 Slight Gas Shows 243 Totals

BE

Cashiriari 1X
200 KM
LT

CAMISEA Cores: None

DST:
1. Noipatsite Member 2577-2581 and 2593-2599 Production: 22.2 MMCFGD x 601 BCD x 0 WPD x 1" CHK
2. Agua Caliente (Upp Nia) 2378-2385 and 2366-2374 Production: 26.5 MMCFGD x 711 BCD x 1" CHK
3. Lower Vivian 2087-2096 and 2070-2079 Production: 22.7 MMC31 MMCFGD x 587 BCD x 48/64" CHK
Figure 1: Location of the Cashiriari 1X Well Table 1: Cashiriari 1X well data

Cashiriari is an E/W asymmetric hanging wall structure of Andean origin extending 30 by 5 km essentially parallel and to the south of the San Martin Anticline, 1

a world-class gas/condensate discovery completed by Shell in 1984 in the south Ucayali Basin. Hydrocarbons are likely derived from coaly shales of the 3

Paleozoic Ambo Group. AGUA CALIENTE

2

2
DST 2
The Cashiriari 1X well was located near the crest of the structure to test the productive hydrocarbon section found by the San Martin 1X and Segakiato 1X, the
discovery and appraisal well respectively of the San Martin accumulation. The primary objectives for the Cashiriari well were the Agua Caliente and Lower Nia
Kaatsirinkari Formations and the secondary objectives, the Vivian, Ene and Copacabana Formations, and to test a potential oil rim of the objectives. The well LOWER NIA
PRE K
found Agua Caliente some 250m deeper than prognosis and a Permian section that had stratigraphic variations relative to the San Martin 1X well. The well was
sidetracked from 2285m after the DP got stuck at 2505m in the Shinai and subsequently drilling continued to TD in the upper Copacabana. 4

SHINAI
6

An extensive hydrocarbon column was tested partially by 3-cased whole Production Tests, in the Noi Sandstone Member, in the top of Agua Caliente Formation 2500
and in the Vivian Lower Sand. These tests, shown in the accompanying Table and Figure, also proved a world-class gas/condensate discovery with potential
production in excess of 60 MMCFGD and 27-32 bbl/MMSCF. Untested Potential Productive sands included intervals in lower Ene Sandstone, Noi, all Lower 5

NOI PATSITE
Nia, lowermost and uppermost Agua Caliente, lowermost Chonta and all Upper Vivian. The Paleozoic pre-Ene sequence was not drilled. 7

9
ENE SS
1 DST 1
8

Reserve calculation for the field amounted to GIIP 9.7 TCFG (revised in 1998 with early results of Shell appraisal drilling) and liquids IIP 434 MMSTB with 13

recoverable reserves of 260 MMSTB. DeGolyer and MacNaughton (1998) confirmed 5.44 and 3.45 TCFG of Proved and Probable/Possible gas reserves.
10

14

ENE SS
A detailed post-well petrophysical evaluation of the Cretaceous and Permian interval was performed using good quality logs by Shell, 1987. All intervals were 11

found to be gas bearing (compare Neutron and Density logs in accompanying figure) totaling 258m of net gas sands with porosities between 8 and 20% and 15

COPACABANA
hydrocarbon saturations up to 94%. Average values are presented in the accompanying Table 1. The Vivian and Agua Caliente/Lower Nia constitute the main 16
12

reservoirs, and the Noi and Ene Sandstone Members the secondary reservoirs. RFT pressure evaluation defines two reservoir systems; in the Vivian (GDT TD

1698m TVDss with mean and potential gas columns of 450 and 600m, respectively), and; in the Lower Chonta/Agua Caliente/Lower Nia/Noi Sandstone/Ene
Sandstone (FWL at 2060 m TVDss with a gas column of 200+ m), with gradients of 0.078 and 0.087 psi/ft for the upper and lower systems respectively. The Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous to TD) of the Cashiriari 1X Well
gas composition for the Vivian and Lower Cretacesous/Permian systems would indicate a common origin for both hydrocarbon columns. Lower Tertiary and
Chonta shales provide excellent seals, to the reservoirs whereas the thick Shinai mudstone reveal the extend of reservoir fracturing and/or faulting.

The Appraisal well, Armihuari 1X was drilled and found the same gas bearing objectives as the Cashiriari 1X well some 300m deeper.
APPENDIX 3k
1 of 1
Operator: Shell Prospecting & Dev.
SAN MARTIN 1X
SAN MARTIN 1X

Spud Date: October 11, 1983 M

C

O
U
S
H 0
SP
mV 150
U A

Comp Date: March 19, 1984 N

T
A
B

I
A
T
A
CALI LLS RHOB
N Y 0 inches 100 0.20 ohmm 2000 2 gm/cc 3

C
KB: 445 S

O
GR LLD NPHI DT

N
T
A
TD: 3894 0 GAPI 200 0.20 ohmm 2000 0.45none-0.15 500 us/m 100

Y
A
BRAZIL
VIVIAN
UTM: Geographic: CACHIYACU
X Coordinate -72.77458 ABREVIATIONS 1 LOWER VIVIAN
Y Coordinate -11.76358 NS, NGS Net Sand, Net Gas Sand CHONTA
K Permeability

FOL
D
Formation Tops: H/C Shows: Average Porosity

THR
Pozo Shale Sw Water Saturation

UST

SHI
Pozo Sand * Lower Chonta only 2000

BEL

RA
2

T
Yahuarango
14

NS m. K, mD % Sw % AGUA CALIENTE
15

MO
16

UNT
10
Vivian Upper Sand 1722 Slight Gas Shows 33 21 100 LOWER NIA

AIN
Cachiyacu 1758 Slight Gas Shows 25 20 100 PRE K

S
17

Vivian Lower Sand 1770 Slight Gas Shows 20 21 100 SHINAI

FO
3

Chonta 1805 Good Gas shows 2036-2046 43* 20* 20* NOI PATSITE

LD
ENE SS

TH
Agua Caliente 2046 Good Gas shows

RU
94 15-20 23-46 9
Lower Nia 2117 Good Gas shows

ST
San M artin 1X
ENE SS

BE
18

22

Shinai 2151 Slight Gas Shows 2165-2200 200 KM

19

6
8 COPACABANA

LT
20

7
5
4
21

CAMISEA
Noipatsite 2222 Good Gas shows 89 15 25-70
3
2
23

Ene Sandstone 2315 Good Gas shows 34 9 100

Tarma Copacabana 2356 Good Gas shows various zones 2500
Green Sandstone 3321 Good Gas shows 1

Ambo 3346 Good Gas shows 3506-3608 Figure 1: Location of the San Martin 1X Well 4

Chonta Repeat 3668 Slight Gas Shows

Agua Caliente Repeat 3685 Slight Gas Shows 2000 5

24

26

27

Lower Nia Repeat 3752 Slight Gas Shows

28

Shinai Repeat 3780 Slight Gas Shows 14

15

AGUA CALIENTE
Noipatsite Repeat 3864 Slight Gas Shows 16

Cores: 10
DST 10
29

30

31

DST:
1. Copacabana 2509-2513 LOWER NIA
PRE K
7

No flow TS. Rev out 20 bbls influx, no hydrocarbons.

2. Copacabana 2446-2437, 2434-2431 and 2423-2419 m.
17

SHINAI 3000
32

No flow TS. Rev out 20.2 bbls influx with sl trace of gas.
3. Copacabana Re-run DST 2. No WC.
Rev out 50 Bbl influx with no HC.
3

4. Top Copacabana 2360-2363 m. NOI PATSITE

No fm fluid entry.
8

ENE SS
5. Top Copacabana 2357-2363 m. DST 9
DC to surface. Poor fluid entry 0.1 bbl. 9 9

GREEN SS
6. Ene and Copacabana 2343-2346 and 2357-2363 DST 8 33

AMBO
No fm fluids recovered. ENE SS 10

DST 6
34

7. Rerun DST 5 with less drawdown.

18

22

8
6
19

600 scfg flowed TS with no Fm liquids. COPACABANA

20

5
7
4
21

3500
8. Basal Ene Sandstone 2343-2346 m.
11

DST 4, 5 & 7
3800 SCFG flowed TS. Calculated 10 bbl fm
fluid with no oil during backflow due to valve leak. 35
37

9. Noi Sandstone 2275-2281 m. 3

2
23

DST 2 & 3 THRUST FAULT

PICHA FAULT
18 MMSCFGDx658 BCPDx658 PSIA FTHP CHONTA
10. Agua Caliente 2067-2073 m.(Upp. Nia) A CALIENTE REPEAT
23 MMSCFGDx720 BPDCx 0 LOWER NIA REPEAT
11. Interval Vivian to Ambo 1721-3668 m.
1
2500 DST 1
SHINAI REPEAT

86 Repeat Formation Tests NOI PATSITE REPEAT

TD
12. Repeat K-Permian Section 3668m. - TD.
12

18 RFT Figure 3: Detailed section of the composite log across the

reservoir section of the San Martin 1X Well Figure 2: Composite log (Cretaceous to TD) of the San Martin 1X Well
Table 1: San Martin 1X well data

APPENDIX 3l
1 of 2
 San Martin 1X

Figure 4: Representative seismic line through the San Martin Structure. Note the large undrilled structure within the leading thrust sheet and the possibilities (rollover) that may be exist within the sub-thrust sheet The location of the seismic
SH-UBA-22-39 is shown on the mapped displayed in Appendix 3f , Figure 3.

APPENDIX 3l
2 of 2
 UCAYALI / ENE SEISMIC DATA BASE
Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)
1 AC90-02 90 Petroleos del PCompaa Gene 2269 102 1236 mig 28.312 EP20782_03_CGG-AC-90-02.sgyqc PPCGG90L31L35
2 AC90-04 90 Petroleos del PCompaa Gene 1870 102 1036.5 mig 23.231 EP20782_05_CGG-AC-90-04.sgyqc PPCGG90L31L35
3 AC90-06 90 Petroleos del PCompaa Gene 967 102 585 mig 11.985 EP20782_06_CGG-AC-90-06.sgyqc PPCGG90L31L35
4 CHE96-1 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 2887 1001.5 2444.5 mig 43.198 EP20089_01_CHE-PE96-001.sgy CHEGRG96L52
5 CHE96-10 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 1267 1001.5 1634.5 mig 18.898 EP20089_10_CHE-PE96-010.sgy CHEGRG96L52
6 CHE96-11 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 1435 1001.5 1718.5 mig 21.331 EP20089_11_CHE-PE96-011.sgy CHEGRG96L52
7 CHE96-12 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 2041 1001.5 2021.5 mig 30.601 EP20089_12_CHE-PE96-012.sgy CHEGRG96L52
8 CHE96-13 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 3013 1001.5 2507.5 mig 45.000 EP20089_13_CHE-PE96-013.sgy CHEGRG96L52
9 CHE96-16 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 1411 1001.5 1706.5 mig 21.033 EP20089_14_CHE-PE96-016.sgy CHEGRG96L52
10 CHE96-17 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 1171 1001.5 1586.5 mig 17.399 EP20089_15_CHE-PE96-017.sgy CHEGRG96L52
11 CHE96-19A 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 1513 1001.5 1757.25 mig 22.500 EP20089_16_CHE-PE96-019A.sgy CHEGRG96L52
12 CHE96-19B 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 1195 1001.5 1598.5 mig 17.701 EP20089_17_CHE-PE96-019B.sgy CHEGRG96L52
13 CHE96-19D 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 763 1001.5 1382.5 mig 11.399 EP20089_19_CHE-PE96-019D.sgy CHEGRG96L52
14 CHE96-2 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 913 1008.5 1464.5 mig 13.482 EP20089_02_CHE-PE96-002.sgy CHEGRG96L52
15 CHE96-20 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 2521 1001.5 2261.5 mig 37.805 EP20089_20_CHE-PE96-020.sgy CHEGRG96L52
16 CHE96-21 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 751 1001.5 1376.5 mig 11.092 EP20089_21_CHE-PE96-021.sgy CHEGRG96L52
17 CHE96-23 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 1885 1001.5 1943.5 mig 28.202 EP20089_22_CHE-PE96-023.sgy CHEGRG96L52
18 CHE96-24 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 2035 1009.5 2026.5 mig 30.304 EP20089_23_CHE-PE96-024.sgy CHEGRG96L52
19 CHE96-3 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 2197 1001.5 2099.5 mig 32.710 EP20089_03_CHE-PE96-003.sgy CHEGRG96L52
20 CHE96-4 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 1183 1001.5 1592.5 mig 17.703 EP20089_04_CHE-PE96-004.sgy CHEGRG96L52
21 CHE96-5 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 1915 1001.5 1958.5 mig 28.505 EP20089_05_CHE-PE96-005.sgy CHEGRG96L52
22 CHE96-6 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 1135 1001.5 1568.5 mig 16.801 EP20089_06_CHE-PE96-006.sgy CHEGRG96L52
23 CHE96-7 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 1837 967.5 1885.5 mig 27.304 EP20089_07_CHE-PE96-007.sgy CHEGRG96L52
24 CHE96-8 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 775 1001.5 1388.5 mig 11.400 EP20089_08_CHE-PE96-008.sgy CHEGRG96L52
25 CHE96-9 96 Crevron OversGrant Geophysic 985 1155.5 1647 mig 14.698 EP20089_09_CHE-PE96-009.sgy CHEGRG96L52
EP20103_07_CHE-PE98-030_PE96-
26 CHE98-30_96-19C 98 Crevron OversCompaa Gene 1339 1001.5 1670.5 mig 20.157 019C.sgy CHECGG98L52
27 CHE98-31 98 Crevron OversCompaa Gene 793 1001.5 1398 mig 11.699 EP20103_01_CHE-PE96-031.sgy CHECGG98L52
28 CHE98-32 98 Crevron OversCompaa Gene 925 1001.5 1463.5 mig 13.800 EP20103_02_CHE-PE96-032.sgy CHECGG98L52
29 CHE98-33 98 Crevron OversCompaa Gene 793 1001.5 1397.5 mig 11.701 EP20103_03_CHE-PE96-033.sgy CHECGG98L52
30 CHE98-34 98 Crevron OversCompaa Gene 661 1001.5 1331.5 mig 9.899 EP20103_04_CHE-PE96-034.sgy CHECGG98L52
31 CHE98-35 98 Crevron OversCompaa Gene 895 1001.5 1448.5 mig 13.200 EP20103_05_CHE-PE96-035.sgy CHECGG98L52
32 CHE98-36 98 Crevron OversCompaa Gene 859 1001.5 1430.5 mig 12.900 EP20103_06_CHE-PE96-036.sgy CHECGG98L52
33 CP739801 98 Coastal Per Western Geophy 4068 101 2135.5 mig 52.173 EP20580_09_COA-CP73-9801.sgy COAWG98L73
34 CP739802 98 Coastal Per Western Geophy 3564 101 1883.5 mig 44.479 EP20580_10_COA-CP73-9802.sgy COAWG98L73
35 CP739803 98 Coastal Per Western Geophy 2773 101 1488 mig 34.501 EP20580_11_COA-CP73-9803.sgy COAWG98L73
36 CP739804 98 Coastal Per Western Geophy 3420 1811.5 103.5 mig 42.500 EP20580_12_COA-CP73-9804.sgy COAWG98L73
37 CP739805 98 Coastal Per Western Geophy 1346 774.5 102 mig 16.758 EP20580_13_COA-CP73-9805.sgy COAWG98L73
38 CP739806 98 Coastal Per Western Geophy 1985 1094 103.5 mig 24.749 EP20580_14_COA-CP73-9806.sgy COAWG98L73
39 CP739807 98 Coastal Per Western Geophy 1009 101 606 mig 12.500 EP20580_15_COA-CP73-9807.sgy COAWG98L73
40 DX-103 73_74 Deminex Petty Ray Geoph 612 267 573 mig 39.402 EP20546_DX-103.sgy DEXPRY7375L12
41 DX-59 73_74 Deminex Petty Ray Geoph 395 57 254.5 mig 24.973 EP20546_DX-59.sgy DEXPRY7375L13
42 ELF96-01 96-97 ELF HYDROC Compaa Gene 6151 3225 6300 mig 23.210 EP20175_20_ELF-ENE96-01.sgy ELFCGG9697L66
43 ELF96-02 96-97 ELF HYDROC Compaa Gene 9271 2329 6964 mig 34.260 EP20175_21_ELF-ENE96-02.sgy ELFCGG9697L66
Page 1
 Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)
44 ELF96-03 96-97 ELF HYDROC Compaa Gene 6151 4061 7136 mig 22.580 EP20175_22_ELF-ENE96-03.sgy ELFCGG9697L66
45 ELF96-05 96-97 ELF HYDROC Compaa Gene 9121 1001 5561 mig 34.240 EP20175_23_ELF-ENE96-05.sgy ELFCGG9697L66
46 ELF96-07 96-97 ELF HYDROC Compaa Gene 8221 1001 5111 mig 31.370 EP20175_24_ELF-ENE96-07.sgy ELFCGG9697L66
47 ELF96-09 96-97 ELF HYDROC Compaa Gene 9211 1001 5606 mig 34.600 EP20175_25_ELF-ENE96-09.sgy ELFCGG9697L66
48 ELF96-11 96-97 ELF HYDROC Compaa Gene 2262 1018 2148.5 mig 34.220 EP20175_04_ELF-ENE96-11.sgy ELFCGG9697L66
49 ELF96-12 96-97 ELF HYDROC Compaa Gene 3211 1001 2606 mig Oxapampa 11.810 EP20175_27_ELF-ENE96-12.sgy ELFCGG9697L66
50 ELF96-13 96-97 ELF HYDROC Compaa Gene 10561 993 6273 mig 39.610 EP20175_28_ELF-ENE96-13.sgy ELFCGG9697L66
51 ELF97-105 96-97 ELF HYDROC Compaa Gene 8009 1001 5005 mig 34.920 EP20175_31_ELF-ENE97-105.sgy ELFCGG9697L66
52 G31-1000 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 581 965 1255 mig 14.037 EP20625_01_G31-1000.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
53 G31-1001A 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 900 2538.5 2090.5 mig Pisqui_1X 21.404 EP20623_02_G31-1001A.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
54 G31-1001B 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1037 1693 2211 mig 24.711 EP20623_03_G31-1001B.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
55 G31-1001C 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1637 911 1729 mig 39.653 EP20342_06_G31-1001C.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
56 G31-1002 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 472 991 1226.5 mig 11.078 EP20342_07_G31-1002.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
57 G31-1003 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1223 1661 1001 mig Cashiboya 30.250 EP20164_1_G31-1003.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
58 G31-1003A 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 588 1294.5 1002.5 mig 14.389 EP20162_1_G31-1003A.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
59 G31-1004 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 465 983 1215 mig 10.972 EP20625_06_G31-1004.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
60 G31-1006 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1085 971 1513 mig 26.321 EP20342_09_G31-1006.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
61 G31-1006A 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 389 992 1186 mig 9.182 EP20625_08_G31-1006A.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
62 G31-1008 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 957 1005 1483 mig Pisqui_1X 23.248 EP20342_10_G31-1008.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
63 G31-1010 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 985 1026.5 1518.5 mig Coninca_2 24.062 EP20342_11_G31-1010.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
64 G31-1012 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 405 1001 1203 mig 9.476 EP20625_10_G31-1012.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
65 G31-1014 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 405 1002 1204 mig 9.538 EP20625_11_G31-1014.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
66 G31-1016 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 677 1001 1339 mig 16.057 EP20625_12_G31-1016.sgy PPGSI8182L31L35
67 G31-1022 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 665 1005 1337 mig 16.447 EP20162_2_G31-1022.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
68 G31-1070 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 389 1158 1352 mig 9.451 EP20584_27_G31-1070.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
69 G31-1086 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 725 1001 1363 mig 17.826 EP20162_3_G31-1086.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
70 G31-1094 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1101 1017 1567 mig 26.805 EP20625_13_G31-1094.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
71 G31-158E 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 516 1094 1351.5 mig 30.598 EP20625_14_G31-158E.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
72 G31-158W 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 251 992 1117 mig Aguayta_2 11.882 EP20626_14_G31-158W.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
73 G31-162 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 251 992.5 1117.5 mig Aguayta_ 11.767 EP20342_15_G31-162.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
74 G31-163 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 251 992 1117 mig 11.770 EP20625_15_G31-163.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
75 G31-167 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 423 1002 1213 mig Aguayta_ 20.555 EP20782_02_G31-167.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
76 G31-413EXT 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 171 916 1001 mig 7.914 EP20775_1_G31-413EXT.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
77 G31-414 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 647 992 1315 mig 31.708 EP20782_07_G31-414.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
78 G31-416 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 649 992 1316 mig 32.137 EP20782_08_G31-416.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
79 G31-419EXT 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 576 1962 2249.5 mig 34.078 EP20342_18_G31-419EXT.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
80 G31-425 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1709 810 1664 mig Cashiboya 84.922 EP20162_5_G31-425.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
81 G31-429 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 447 994 1217 mig 21.728 EP20163_1_G31-429.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
82 G31-431 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 595 1006 1303 mig 28.716 EP20162_4_G31-431.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
83 G31-432 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 310 968 1122.5 mig 18.530 EP20546_028_G31-432.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
84 G31-433 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 304 970.5 1122 mig 18.535 EP20546_031_G31-433.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
85 G31-434 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 369 954 1138 mig 17.832 EP20546_034_G31-434.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
86 G31-435 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 205 1275.5 1173.5 mig 9.948 EP20546_037_G31-435.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
87 G31-441 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 903 1150.5 1601.5 mig Cashiboya 44.705 EP20546_040_G31-441.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
88 G31-442 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 803 1216.5 1617.5 mig 39.819 EP20547_18_G31-442.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
89 G31-445 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1427 1004 1717 mig 70.814 EP20775_2_G31-445.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
Page 2
 Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)
90 G31-448N 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 587 922 1215 mig Neshuya_ 28.848 EP20775_3_G31-448N.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
91 G31-448S 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 407 1238 1441 mig 20.002 EP20775_4_G31-448S.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
92 G31-449 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 795 992 1389 mig 38.693 EP20775_5_G31-449.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
93 G31-450 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1047 992 1515 mig 51.784 EP20775_6_G31-450.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
94 G31-459 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 340 1153.5 984 mig 19.826 EP20775_7_G31-459.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
95 G35-1011A 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 476 1228.5 991.5 mig 11.242 EP20782_11_G35-1011A.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
96 G35-1011B 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 516 1264.5 1009.5 mig 12.200 EP20123_12_G35-1011B.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
97 G35-1052 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 691 991 1336 mig 16.743 EP20782_12_G35-1052.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
98 G35-1056 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 521 991 1251 mig 12.820 EP20782_13_G35-1056.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
99 G35-1082 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 607 992 1295 mig 14.708 EP20782_14_G35-1082.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
100 G35-1084 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 523 991 1252 mig 12.802 EP20782_15_G35-1084.sgyqc PPGSI8182L31L35
101 G35-600 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 572 1026 1311.5 mig 34.260 EP20626_04_G35-600.sgy PPGSI7476L31L35
102 G35-601 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1122 1006 1566.5 mig 68.553 EP20782_09_G35-601.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
103 G35-602 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1137 1010 1578 mig 70.019 EP20779_01_G35-602.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
104 G35-603 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 959 992 1471 mig San_Aleja 57.308 EP20779_02_G35-603.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
EP20123_04_G35-
105 G35-604E_EXT 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1039 1400 1919 mig Chonta 63.541 604E_604EXT.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
106 G35-604W 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 671 1992 2327 mig 40.189 EP20779_04_G35-604W.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
107 G35-605E 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 523 1368 1629 mig 32.123 EP20782_10_G35-605E.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
108 G35-605W 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 825 1993 2405 mig 50.278 EP20779_05_G35-605W.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
109 G35-606E 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 439 1364 1583 mig 25.596 EP20779_06_G35-606E.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
110 G35-606W 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 775 2012 2399 mig 46.517 EP20779_07_G35-606W.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
111 G35-607E 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 627 1184 1497 mig 38.140 EP20779_08_G35-607E.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
112 G35-607W 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 271 2090 2225 mig 15.930 EP20779_09_G35-607W.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
113 G35-608E 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 519 2192 2451 mig 30.908 EP20777_1_G35-608E.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
114 G35-608W 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 343 1050 1221 mig 20.831 EP20777_2_G35-608W.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
115 G35-609 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 833 997 1413 mig 50.421 EP20777_3_G35-609.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
116 G35-610 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 753 1006 1382 mig 45.254 EP20777_4_G35-610.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
117 G35-612 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 2088 2035.5 992.5 mig 127.960 EP20787_1_G35-612.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
118 G35-613N 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 763 1373 992 mig 46.248 EP20123_05_G35-613N.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
119 G35-613S 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1024 2845.5 2334.5 mig 62.414 EP20777_7_G35-613S.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
120 G35-614 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 379 980 1169 mig 21.962 EP20626_05_G35-614.sgy PPGSI7476L31L35
121 G35-615 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 487 992 1235 mig 29.255 EP20626_06_G35-615.sgy PPGSI7476L31L35
122 G35-616 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 545 1005 1277 mig 31.894 EP20626_07_G35-616.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
123 G35-617 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 456 1297.5 1070.5 mig 26.211 EP20626_02_G35-617.sgy PPGSI7476L31L35
124 G35-618 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 523 980 1241 mig 32.022 EP20123_06_G35-618.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
125 G35-619 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 483 1000 1241 mig 29.620 EP20123_07_G35-619.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
126 G35-620 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 483 995 1236 mig 29.664 EP20123_08_G35-620.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
127 G35-621 74-76 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 583 992 1283 mig 36.194 EP20777_9_G35-621.sgyqc PPGSI7476L31L35
line1_segy_final_mig_filtered_scaled_
128 G97W84-1 97 Anadarko Western Geophy 5325 101 2763 mig 66.503 stack ANAWG97L84
line2_segy_final_mig_filtered_scaled_
129 G97W84-2 97 Anadarko Western Geophy 2542 101 1371.5 mig 31.764 stack ANAWG97L84
line3_segy_final_mig_filtered_scaled_
130 G97W84-3 97 Anadarko Western Geophy 3114 101 1657.5 mig 39.001 stack ANAWG97L84

Page 3
 Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)
line4_segy_final_mig_filtered_scaled_
131 G97W84-4 97 Anadarko Western Geophy 6579 101 3390 mig 82.002 stack ANAWG97L84
line5_segy_final_mig_filtered_scaled_
132 G97W84-5 97 Anadarko Western Geophy 3543 127 1898 mig 44.258 stack ANAWG97L84
line6_segy_final_mig_filtered_scaled_
133 G97W84-6 97 Anadarko Western Geophy 10319 101 5260 mig 128.756 stack ANAWG97L84
line7_segy_final_mig_filtered_scaled_
134 G97W84-7 97 Anadarko Western Geophy 6953 101 3577 mig 86.754 stack ANAWG97L84
line8_segy_final_mig_filtered_scaled_
135 G97W84-8 97 Anadarko Western Geophy 5292 101 2746.5 mig Platanal_1 66.019 stack ANAWG97L84
line9_segy_final_mig_filtered_scaled_
136 G97W84-9 97 Anadarko Western Geophy 6843 101 3522 mig 85.508 stack ANAWG97L84
137 H-1 80 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 223 101 212 mig 10.874 20929_09_H-1.sgy PPSIS80L16A
138 H-2 80 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 220 101 211.5 mig 10.924 20929_10_H-2.sgy PPSIS80L16A
139 H-3 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1429 1745 2460 mig Maqua_1X 56.970 20929_11_H-3.sgy PPGSI8182L16A
140 H-4 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 259 1006 1137 mig 6.454 20929_12_H-4.sgy PPGSI8182L16A
141 H-5 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 799 1006 1405 mig 19.435 20929_13_H-5.sgy PPGSI8182L16A
142 H-6 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 337 1032 1202 mig 8.550 20929_15_H-6.sgy PPGSI8182L16A
143 H-7 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 327 1040 1203 mig 8.082 20929_16_H-7.sgy PPGSI8182L16A
144 H-8 81-82 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 473 1076 1312 mig 11.359 20929_17_H-8.sgy PPGSI8182L16A
145 H90-01 90 Petroleos del PCompaa Gene 1310 103 757.5 mig 16.239 20929_18_H-90-01.sgy PPCGG90L16A
146 H90-02 90 Petroleos del PCompaa Gene 980 102 591.5 mig 12.227 20929_19_H-90-02.sgy PPCGG90L16A
147 H90-03 90 Petroleos del PCompaa Gene 914 94 550.5 mig 11.232 20930_01_H-90-03.sgy PPCGG90L16A
148 H90-04 90 Petroleos del PCompaa Gene 991 86 581 mig 12.294 20930_02_H-90-04.sgy PPCGG90L16A
149 H90-06 90 Petroleos del PCompaa Gene 804 265 666.5 mig 10.086 20930_03_H-90-06.sgy PPCGG90L16A
150 H90-10 90 Petroleos del PCompaa Gene 881 101 541 mig 11.031 20930_04_H-90-10.sgy PPCGG90L16A
151 HIS-08A 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 215 338.5 445.5 mig 11.947 EP20334_03_HIS-08.sgyqc HISGSI7375L36
152 HIS-08B 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 1167 430 1013 mig 67.732 EP20334_04_HIS-08.sgyqc HISGSI7375L36
153 HIS-09 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 967 902.5 1385.5 mig 56.700 EP20334_05_HIS-09.sgyqc HISGSI7375L36
154 HIS-11 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 1945 407 1379 mig 114.264 EP20602_07_HIS-11.sgyqc HISGSI7375L36
155 HIS-12A 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 389 502.5 696.5 mig 22.412 EP20336_01_HIS-12.sgy HISGSI7375L36
156 HIS-12B 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 359 690.5 869.5 mig 19.797 EP20336_02_HIS-12.sgy HISGSI7375L36
157 HIS-13 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 767 978.5 1361.5 mig 43.856 EP20336_03_HIS-13.sgy HISGSI7375L36
158 HIS-15 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 1921 395 1355 mig 113.314 EP20602_16_HIS-15.sgyc HISGSI7375L36
159 HIS-17 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 963 852.5 1333.5 mig 55.280 EP20334_06_HIS-17.sgy HISGSI7375L36
160 HIS-19 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 735 790.5 1157.5 mig 42.381 EP20334_07_HIS-19.sgy HISGSI7375L36
161 HIS-20 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 951 597.5 1072.5 mig 54.155 EP20334_08_HIS-20.sgyqc HISGSI7375L36
162 HIS-21 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 1015 550 1057 mig 58.554 EP20334_09_HIS-21.sgy HISGSI7375L36
163 HIS-23 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 819 408 817 mig 46.004 EP20334_10_HIS-23.sgy HISGSI7375L36
164 HIS-27NE 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 979 600 1089 mig Shahuinto_ 56.572 EP20652_08_HIS-27NE.sgyqc HISGSI7375L36
165 HIS-27SW 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 451 382 607 mig 26.609 EP20652_09_HIS-27NE.sgyqc HISGSI7375L36
166 HIS-27W 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 303 395 546 mig Runuya_1 18.218 EP20602_30_HIS-27W.sgyqc HISGSI7375L36
167 HIS-29NE 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 191 900.5 995.5 mig 10.570 EP20334_11_HIS-29NE.sgyqc HISGSI7375L36
168 HIS-33 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 589 522.5 816.5 mig 33.880 EP20336_05_HIS-33.sgyqc HISGSI7375L36
169 HIS-35 73-75 Hispanoil Geophysical Ser 643 502 823 mig 37.171 EP20652_10_HIS-35.sgyqc HISGSI7375L36
170 IN9501 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 1331 1001 1666.5 mig 13.385 EP20546_076_COA-IN-95-01.sgyc COAGRG95L74
Page 4
 Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)
171 IN9502 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 2087 1001 2044.5 mig 20.798 EP20546_079_COA-IN-95-02.sgyc COAGRG95L74
172 MP97-01 97 Mapple Veritas 1279 740 102.5 mig 15.750 CDP20127_1_MAP-MP-01-97.sgyqc MAPVER97L31D
173 MP97-02 97 Mapple Veritas 839 520 102.5 mig Agua_Cali 10.250 CDP20127_2_MAP-MP-02-97.sgyqc MAPVER97L31D
174 MP97-03 97 Mapple Veritas 1231 101 716 mig 15.247 CDP20127_3_MAP-MP-03-97.sgyqc MAPVER97L31D
175 MP97-04 97 Mapple Veritas 878 481.5 44 mig Agua_Cali 10.750 CDP20127_4_MAP-MP-04-97.sgyqc MAPVER97L31D
176 MP97-05 97 Mapple Veritas 1042 621.5 101.5 mig 12.998 CDP20127_5_MAP-MP-05-97.sgyqc MAPVER97L31D
177 MP97-06 97 Mapple Veritas 839 520 102.5 mig 10.249 CDP20127_6_MAP-MP-06-97.sgyqc MAPVER97L31D
178 NP-10 83 Petroleos del PNorpac 789 74 468 mig 19.134 EP20582_02_NP-10.sgyqc PPNP83L16A
179 NP-11 83 Petroleos del PNorpac 543 74 345 mig 13.304 20930_06_NP-11.sgy PPNP83L16A
180 NP-12 83 Petroleos del PNorpac 669 408 74 mig 16.365 EP20581_21_NP-12.sgyqc PPNP83L16A
181 NP-14 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 903 75 526 mig 21.988 EP20626_08_NP-14.sgy PPNP8384L31L35
182 NP-15 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 1103 75 626 mig 27.027 EP20626_09_NP-15.sgy PPNP8384L31L35
183 NP-16 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 709 429 75 mig 17.105 EP20626_10_NP-16.sgy PPNP8384L31L35
184 NP-20 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 825 75 486.5 mig Tahuaya_ 20.010 EP20626_11_NP-20.sgyqc PPNP8384L31L35
185 NP-23 74-86 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 707 73.5 426.5 mig 16.855 EP20626_12_NP-23.sgy PPNP8384L31L35
186 NP-24 74-87 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 1379 73.5 688.5 mig Rashaya 29.505 EP20626_13_NP-24.sgy PPNP8384L31L35
187 NP-28 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 691 75 420 mig 16.740 EP20123_10_NP-28.sgyqc PPNP8384L31L35
188 NP-29 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 997 471 969 mig 23.635 EP20773_1_NP-29.sgyqc PPNP8384L31L35
189 NP-30 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 541 75 345 mig 12.580 EP20773_2_NP-30.sgyqc PPNP8384L31L35
190 NP-31 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 545 75 347 mig Cho_1X 13.171 EP20773_3_NP-31.sgyqc PPNP8384L31L35
191 NP-32 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 873 75 511 mig 20.717 EP20773_4_NP-32.sgyqc PPNP8384L31L35
192 NP-33 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 1199 101 700 mig 28.311 EP20773_5_NP-33.sgyqc PPNP8384L31L35
193 NP-34 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 1189 75 669 mig 29.031 EP20773_6_NP-34.sgyqc PPNP8384L31L35
194 NP-35 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 1765 75 957 mig 42.432 EP20773_7_NP-35.sgyqc PPNP8384L31L35
195 NP-36 83-84 Petroleos del PNorpac 1561 73 853 mig 37.398 EP20782_01_NP-36.sgyqc PPNP8384L31L35
196 NP-7 83 Petroleos del PNorpac 243 207 328 mig 5.937 EP20582_05_NP-7.sgyqc PPNP83L16A
197 NP-8 83 Petroleos del PNorpac 669 74 408 mig 16.000 EP20582_08_NP-8.sgyqc PPNP83L16A
198 NP-9 83 Petroleos del PNorpac 789 74 468 mig 19.025 EP20581_18_NP-9.sgyqc PPNP83L16A
199 OR9505 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 3291 1001 2646.5 mig Santa_Cla 32.994 EP20583_02_COA-OR-95-05.sgyc COAGRG95L74
200 OR9506 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 4103 1001 3052.5 mig 40.988 EP20583_05_COA-OR-95-06.sgyc COAGRG95L74
201 OR9507 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 2773 1001 2387.5 mig 27.598 EP20581_02_COA-OR-95-07.sgy COAGRG95L74
202 OR9508 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 3333 1001 2667.5 mig 33.190 EP20581_05_COA-OR-95-08.sgy COAGRG95L74
203 OR9509 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 4425 1001 3213.5 mig 44.189 EP20546_100_COA-OR-95-09.sgyc COAGRG95L74
204 OR9510 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 4957 1001 3479.5 mig 49.401 EP20546_COA-OR-95-10.sgyc COAGRG95L74
205 OR9511 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 2661 1301 2631.5 mig 26.594 EP20546_COA-OR-95-11.sgyc COAGRG95L74
206 OR9512 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 2563 1001 2282.5 mig 25.588 EP20546_COA-OR-95-12.sgyc COAGRG95L74
207 OR9513 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 2701 2351.5 1007.5 mig 26.803 EP20546_COA-OR-95-13.sgyc COAGRG95L74
208 OXY36-1 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 3557 1878 101.5 mig 43.256 EP20634_05_OXY36-1.sgyc OXYWG8788L36
209 OXY36-11_7 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 2697 2228 880.5 mig 32.597 EP20634_12_OXY36-11_7.sgy OXYWG8788L36
210 OXY36-12_4 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 2021 1093 86.5 mig 24.610 EP20634_13_OXY36-12_4.sgyqc OXYWG8788L36
211 OXY36-13_7 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 2401 2080 881 mig 29.069 EP20634_14_OXY36-13_7.sgyc OXYWG8788L36
212 OXY36-17_5 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 5225 2643 36 mig 63.830 EP20634_15_OXY36-17_5.sgyc OXYWG8788L36
213 OXY36-18 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 3721 2520 661 mig 44.967 EP20634_16_OXY36-18.sgyqc OXYWG8788L36
214 OXY36-18E 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 5203 3880 1284 mig 64.232 EP20634_17_OXY36-18E.sgyqc OXYWG8788L36
Page 5
 Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)
215 OXY36-20_4 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 1787 993 102 mig La-Colpa_ 21.897 EP20634_18_OXY36-20_4.sgyc OXYWG8788L36
216 OXY36-21_5 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 1211 705 100 mig 14.822 EP20634_19_OXY36-21_5.sgyqc OXYWG8788L36
217 OXY36-22 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 1771 985 105 mig 21.806 EP20634_20_OXY36-22.sgyc OXYWG8788L36
218 OXY36-23_5 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 1025 612 100.5 mig 12.538 EP20634_21_OXY36-23_5.sgyqc OXYWG8788L36
219 OXY36-28_6 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 3625 1896 86.5 mig 44.234 EP20634_23_OXY36-28_6.sgy OXYWG8788L36
220 OXY36-29 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 1449 824 103.5 mig 17.684 EP20634_24_OXY36-29.sgyqc OXYWG8788L36
221 OXY36-3 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 2947 1673 204.5 mig 36.168 EP20634_06_OXY36-3.sgyc OXYWG8788L36
222 OXY36-33 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 833 516 102 mig 9.943 EP20634_25_OXY36-33.sgyqc OXYWG8788L36
223 OXY36-35_1 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 1211 720 115 mig 14.610 EP20634_26_OXY36-35_1.sgyqc OXYWG8788L36
224 OXY36-5_7 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 1565 947 166 mig 19.052 EP20634_07_OXY36-5_7.sgyc OXYWG8788L36
225 OXY36-5_7E 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 2090 1999.5 960 mig 25.567 EP20634_08_OXY36-5_7E.sgy OXYWG8788L36
226 OXY36-55 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 1439 819 104 mig 17.655 EP20165_1_OXY36-55.sgyqc OXYWG8788L36
227 OXY36-7_9 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 2072 1925.5 893.5 mig 24.724 EP20634_09_OXY36-7_9.sgyc OXYWG8788L36
228 OXY36-7_9EXT 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 1751 940 65.5 mig 21.340 EP20634_10_OXY36-7_9EXT.sgyc OXYWG8788L36
229 OXY36-9_7 87-88 Occidental PetWestern Geophy 2473 2116 884 mig 29.998 EP20634_11_OXY36-9_7.sgyc OXYWG8788L36
230 PC-1 74-88 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 205 100 5200 mig 5.012 EP20581_24_SIS79-PC-1.sgyqc PPSIS80L31
231 PC-2 74-89 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 337 100 8500 mig 8.012 EP20581_27_SIS80-PC-2.sgyqc PPSIS80L31
232 PC-3 74-90 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 455 11450 100 mig 11.176 EP20581_30_SIS80-PC-3.sgyqc PPSIS80L31
233 PC-4 74-91 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 291 100 7300 mig 6.931 EP20581_33_SIS80-PC-4.sgyqc PPSIS80L31
234 PC-5 74-92 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 285 100 7200 mig 6.996 EP20581_36_SIS80-PC-5.sgyqc PPSIS80L31
235 PC-6 74-93 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 325 100 8200 mig 7.936 EP20581_39_SIS80-PC-6.sgyqc PPSIS80L31
236 PC-7 74-94 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 307 100 7700 mig Pacaya_1X 7.511 EP20581_42_SIS80-PC-7.sgyqc PPSIS80L31
237 PC-8 74-95 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 325 100 8200 mig 8.056 EP20581_45_SIS80-PC-8.sgyqc PPSIS80L31
238 PC-9 74-96 Petroleos del PGeophysical Ser 265 100 6700 mig Inuya_1X 6.523 EP20581_48_SIS80-PC-9.sgyqc PPSIS80L31
239 PH9503 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 1961 1001 1981 mig 19.624 EP20583_11_COA-PH-95-03.sgyc COAGRG95L74
240 REP34-101 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3196 101 1698.5 mig 39.751 EP20634_27_REP34-99-101.sgy REPCGG99L34
241 REP34-102 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 1432 101 816.5 mig 17.751 EP20634_28_REP34-99-102.sgy REPCGG99L34
242 REP34-103 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3034 101 1617.5 mig 37.749 EP20634_29_REP34-99-103.sgy REPCGG99L34
243 REP34-104 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 1351 102 777 mig 16.751 EP20634_30_REP34-99-104.sgy REPCGG99L34
244 REP34-106 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 1270 102 736.5 mig 15.751 EP20634_32_REP34-99-106.sgy REPCGG99L34
245 REP34-108 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 2395 101 1298 mig 29.751 EP20634_34_REP34-99-108.sgy REPCGG99L34
246 REP34-110 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 2872 101 1536.5 mig 35.748 EP20634_35_REP34-99-110.sgy REPCGG99L34
247 REP34-112 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 2872 101 1536.5 mig 35.751 EP20634_37_REP34-99-112.sgy REPCGG99L34
248 REP34-114 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3196 101 1698.5 mig 39.747 EP20634_38_REP34-99-114.sgy REPCGG99L34
249 REP34-116 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3196 101 1698.5 mig 39.748 EP20634_39_REP34-99-116.sgy REPCGG99L34
250 REP34-118 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3592 101 1896.5 mig 44.748 EP20634_40_REP34-99-118.sgy REPCGG99L34
251 REP34-120 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3511 101 1856 mig 43.749 EP20634_41_REP34-99-120.sgy REPCGG99L34
252 REP34-122 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3358 102 1780.5 mig 41.751 EP20634_42_REP34-99-122.sgy REPCGG99L34

253 REP35_34-105 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 4555 102 2379 mig 56.748 EP20638_14_REP35_34-99-105.sgy REPCGG99L34&35

254 REP35_34-107 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 5914 102 3058.5 mig 73.749 EP20638_15_REP35_34-99-107.sgy REPCGG99L34&35

255 REP35_34-111 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 4078 102 2140.5 mig 50.748 EP20638_17_REP35_34-99-111.sgy REPCGG99L34&35
256 REP35-101 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 2845 116 1538 mig 35.500 EP20638_13_REP35-99-101.sgy REPCGG99L35
257 REP35-109 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 2800 103 1502.5 mig 34.752 EP20638_16_REP35-99-109.sgy REPCGG99L35
Page 6
 Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)
258 REP35-124 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3673 101 1937 mig 45.749 EP20638_18_REP35-99-124.sgy REPCGG99L35
259 REP35-126 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3835 103 2020 mig 47.746 EP20638_19_REP35-99-126.sgy REPCGG99L35
260 REP35-128 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3835 103 2020 mig 47.748 EP20638_20_REP35-99-128.sgy REPCGG99L35
261 REP35-130 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3916 103 2060.5 mig 48.750 EP20638_21_REP35-99-130.sgy REPCGG99L35
262 REP35-132 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3997 102 2100 mig 49.749 EP20638_22_REP35-99-132.sgy REPCGG99L35
263 REP35-134 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 1594 103 899.5 mig 19.748 EP20638_23_REP35-99-134.sgy REPCGG99L35
264 REP35-136 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 3583 105 1896 mig 44.751 EP20638_24_REP35-99-136.sgy REPCGG99L35
265 REP35-138 99 Repsol Compaa Gene 1594 102 898.5 mig 19.750 EP20638_25_REP35-99-138.sgy REPCGG99L35
266 SC9504 95 Coastal oil andGrant Geophysic 1673 989 1825 mig 16.598 EP20583_14_COA-SC-95-04.sgyc COAGRG95L74

267 SHL-UB-102 84 Shell Seismograph 5356 1861 2396.5 mig 13.628 CP25185_06_SHL-UB-102.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

268 SHL-UB-103 85 Shell Seismograph 5356 1003 1538.5 mig Armihua 13.619 CP25185_05_SHL-UB-103.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

269 SHL-UB-104 84 Shell Seismograph 4969 1031 3515 mig 62.372 EP20638_06_SHL-UB-104.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

270 SHL-UB-105 84 Shell Seismograph 5383 1003.5 1541.7 mig 13.551 CP25961_09_SHL-UB-105.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

271 SHL-UB-106 85 Shell Seismograph 5455 1032 3759 mig 68.074 EP20638_07_SHL-UB-106.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

272 SHL-UB-106B 85 Shell Seismograph 523 832 1093 mig 6.434 EP20642_03_SHL-UB-106B.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

273 SHL-UB-107 85 Shell Seismograph 4366 1003 3185.5 mig 54.869 EP20638_08_SHL-UB-107.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

274 SHL-UB-108 85 Shell Seismograph 5905 1031 3983 mig 73.967 EP20642_04_SHL-UB-108.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

275 SHL-UB-113 85 Shell Seismograph 5356 2960 3495.5 mig 13.519 CP25960_18_SHL-UB-113.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

276 SHL-UB-114 85 Shell Seismograph 5429 1008.5 1551.3 mig 13.469 CP25961_02_SHL-UB-114.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

277 SHL-UB-150 85 Shell Seismograph 5401 1003.5 1543.5 mig Sepa_1X 13.611 CP25961_05_SHL-UB-150.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

278 SHL-UB-160 85 Shell Seismograph 1891 1002 1947 mig 23.559 EP20602_38_SHL-UB-160.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

279 SHL-UB-30 84 Shell Seismograph 5491 1233.5 1782.5 mig 13.577 CP25185_08_SHL-UB-30.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

280 SHL-UB-31 85 Shell Seismograph 5475 1053 1600.4 mig 13.435 CP25185_07_SHL-UB-31.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

281 SHL-UB-32 84 Shell Seismograph 5383 1007.5 1545.7 mig 13.325 EP20340_07_SHL-UB-32.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

282 SHL-UB-33 85 Shell Seismograph 5475 1003.5 1550.9 mig 13.549 EP20340_06_SHL-UB-33.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

283 SHL-UB-34A_15 84 Shell Seismograph 5356 1000 1535.5 mig 13.634 CP25185_10_SHL-UB-34A_15.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

284 SHL-UB-34B_B_15 85 Shell Seismograph 5401 1000 1540 mig 13.654 CP25961_14_SHL-UB-34A_B_15.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

Page 7
 Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)

285 SHL-UB-35 85 Shell Seismograph 5383 1003.5 1541.7 mig 13.559 CP25960_19_SHL-UB-35.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

286 SHL-UB-36 84 Shell Seismograph 5383 1003.5 1541.7 mig 13.559 EP20340_09_SHL-UB-36.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

287 SHL-UB-38 84 Shell Seismograph 5475 1003.5 1550.9 mig 13.558 EP20340_08_SHL-UB-38.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

288 SHL-UB-40 84 Shell Seismograph 5383 1003.5 1541.7 mig 13.556 EP20340_05_SHL-UB-40.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

289 SHL-UB-42 85 Shell Seismograph 5475 1002 1549.4 mig 13.799 CP25185_01_SHL-UB-42.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

290 SHL-UB-44 85 Shell Seismograph 5453 1002.5 1547.7 mig 13.231 CP25960_10_SHL-UB-44.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

291 SHL-UB-45_45E 84 Shell Seismograph 5401 1005 1545 mig 13.789 CP25961_12_SHL-UB-45_45E.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

292 SHL-UB-45A 84 Shell Seismograph 5429 1005 1547.8 mig 13.539 CP25960_11_SHL-UB-45A.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

293 SHL-UB-46 84 Shell Seismograph 5429 1010.5 1553.5 mig 13.495 CP25960_12_SHL-UB-46 SHLSSL8485L38L42

294 SHL-UB-47 84 Shell Seismograph 5446 1043.5 1588 mig 13.586 CP25960_13_SHL-UB-47.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

295 SHL-UB-48 84 Shell Seismograph 5429 1003 1545.8 mig 13.384 CP25960_14_SHL-UB-48.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

296 SHL-UB-49 84 Shell Seismograph 5041 1003 1507 mig 12.564 CP25960_15_SHL-UB-49.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

297 SHL-UB-50 84 Shell Seismograph 5446 1002 1546.5 mig 13.625 CP25960_16_SHL-UB-50.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

298 SHL-UB-51 84 Shell Seismograph 5446 1010 1554.5 mig 13.671 CP25960_17_SHL-UB-51.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

299 SHL-UB-52_09 85 Shell Seismograph 5401 1000 1540 mig 13.612 CP25961_11_SHL-UB-52_09.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

300 SHL-UB-54 84 Shell Seismograph 5401 1012.5 1552.5 mig 13.595 CP25961_01_SHL-UB-54.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

301 SHL-UB-56 84 Shell Seismograph 5401 1034.5 1574.5 mig 13.686 CP25961_04_SHL-UB-56.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

302 SHL-UB-58 84 Shell Seismograph 2008 1003 2006.5 mig 25.477 EP20602_36_SHL-UB-58.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

303 SHL-UB-59 85 Shell Seismograph 4123 1010 3071 mig 51.599 EP20638_01_SHL-UB-59.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

304 SHL-UB-595 85 Shell Seismograph 1504 1013 1764.5 mig 18.718 EP20602_40_SHL-UB-595.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

305 SHL-UB-60 85 Shell Seismograph 3691 1003 2848 mig 46.075 EP20638_02_SHL-UB-60.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

306 SHL-UB-61 85 Shell Seismograph 8326 1007 5169.5 mig 104.478 EP20638_03_SHL-UB-61.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

307 SHL-UB-615 85 Shell Seismograph 1513 1037 1793 mig 18.818 EP20602_41_SHL-UB-615.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42
Page 8
 Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)

308 SHL-UB-62 85 Shell Seismograph 6616 1085 4392.5 mig 82.929 EP20642_01_SHL-UB-62.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

309 SHL-UB-64 85 Shell Seismograph 4510 1031 3285.5 mig 56.351 EP20642_02_SHL-UB-64.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

310 SHL-UB-82 85 Shell Seismograph 5401 1002.5 1542.5 mig 13.596 CP25961_10_SHL-UB-82.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

311 SHL-UB-90 85 Shell Seismograph 2404 1003 2204.5 mig 30.021 EP20638_04_SHL-UB-90.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

312 SHL-UB-96 85 Shell Seismograph 4132 1031 3096.5 mig 51.715 EP20638_05_SHL-UB-96.sgy SHLSSL8485L38L42

313 SHL-UBA-01 82 Shell Geosurce 2769 56 1440 mig Sepa_1X 40.593 EP20638_09_SHL-UBA-01.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

314 SHL-UBA-02 82 Shell Geosurce 2729 50 1414 mig 20.244 EP20601_10_SHL-UBA-02.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

315 SHL-UBA-03 82 Shell Geosurce 21116 1009 3120.5 mig 58.886 CP25961_07_SHL-UBA-03B.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

316 SHL-UBA-03A 82 Shell Geosurce 2977 3122 4610 mig 21.558 EP20638_10_SHL-UBA-03A.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

317 SHL-UBA-03E 82 Shell Geosurce 15094 1003 2512.3 mig 44.288 CP25961_08_SHL-UBA-03E.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

318 SHL-UBA-04A 82 Shell Geosurce 1921 1120 2080 mig 13.929 EP20638_11_SHL-UBA-04A.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

319 SHL-UBA-04B 82 Shell Geosurce 3601 3054 4854 mig 26.626 EP20638_12_SHL-UBA-04B.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

320 SHL-UBA-05 82 Shell Geosurce 1464 684 1415.5 mig 21.710 EP20599_82_SHL-UBA-05.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

321 SHL-UBA-06 82 Shell Geosurce 33804 1056 4436.3 mig 50.257 CP25961_06_SHL-UBA-06.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

322 SHL-UBA-07 82 Shell Geosurce 11441 912 2056 mig 32.859 CP25960_01_SHL-UBA-07.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

323 SHL-UBA-08 82 Shell Geosurce 24025 1513 3915.4 mig 69.956 CP25961_03_SHL-UBA-08.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

324 SHL-UBA-09 82 Shell Geosurce 10241 2210.5 3234.5 mig 29.044 CP25960_02_SHL-UBA-09.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

325 SHL-UBA-10 82 Shell Geosurce 11761 1767 2943 mig 33.737 CP25960_03_SHL-UBA-10.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

326 SHL-UBA-11 82 Shell Geosurce 13481 1641 2989 mig 38.569 CP25960_04_SHL-UBA-11.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

327 SHL-UBA-12 82 Shell Geosurce 7586 2552.5 3311 mig 21.042 CP25960_05_SHL-UBA-12.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

328 SHL-UBA-13 83 Shell Geosurce 35296 437 3967 mig Pagoreni_ 102.541 CP25960_06_SHL-UBA-13.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

329 SHL-UBA-13NW 83 Shell Geosurce 10041 2965 3969 mig Cashiriari_ 28.646 EP20340_16_SHL-UBA-13NW.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

330 SHL-UBA-14 83 Shell Geosurce 12681.5 1773.5 3041.5 mig 35.785 CP25185_02_SHL-UBA-14.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42
Page 9
 Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)

331 SHL-UBA-16 83 Shell Geosurce 6401 1021.5 1661.5 mig 18.336 CP25960_07_SHL-UBA-16.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

332 SHL-UBA-17 83 Shell Geosurce 5441 2652 3196 mig 15.437 CP25960_08_SHL-UBA-17.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

333 SHL-UBA-19 83 Shell Geosurce 5773 984 1561.2 mig Mipaya_1X 16.518 CP25960_09_SHL-UBA-19.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

334 SHL-UBA-22_39 83 Shell Geosurce 8324 1003.5 1835.8 mig San-Martn 23.277 EP20340_03_SHL-UBA-22_39.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42

335 SHL-UBA-23_37 83 Shell Geosurce 10169 1028.5 2045.3 mig 28.181 EP20340_02_SHL-UBA-23_37.sgy SHLGE08283L38L42
336 TOT39-10 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1825 13 925 mig 110.919 EP20179_06_TOT-39-10.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
337 TOT39-101A 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 700 526 176.5 mig 38.851 EP20177_16_TOT-39-101.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
338 TOT39-101B 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 817 714 306 mig 52.429 EP20177_15_TOT-39-101.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
339 TOT39-101C 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 505 954 702 mig 32.545 EP20177_14_TOT-39-101.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
340 TOT39-103 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1234 60 676.5 mig 75.884 EP20179_07_TOT-39-103.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
341 TOT39-104 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1339 82 751 mig 84.542 EP20177_02_TOT-39-104.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
342 TOT39-106 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 874 858 421.5 mig 50.079 EP20177_03_TOT-39-106.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
343 TOT39-106E 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 886 1466 1908.5 mig 54.971 EP20177_04_TOT-39-106E.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
344 TOT39-108 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1180 68 657.5 mig 71.731 EP20177_17_TOT-39-108.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
345 TOT39-110 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1705 88 940 mig 106.785 EP20179_08_TOT-39-110.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
346 TOT39-112 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1663 81 912 mig 103.599 EP20179_09_TOT-39-112.sgyq TOTCGG7375L39
347 TOT39-12 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1681 98 938 mig 104.513 EP20177_18_TOT-39-12.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
348 TOT39-1N 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 693 452 106 mig 37.941 EP20177_05_TOT-39-1N.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
349 TOT39-1S 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1314 1066.5 410.5 mig 72.711 EP20179_01_TOT-39-1S.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
350 TOT39-201 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 826 82 494.5 mig 51.339 EP20177_19_TOT-39-201.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
351 TOT39-203 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1351 23 698 mig 84.045 EP20179_10_TOT-39-203.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
352 TOT39-205 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 547 335 608 mig 33.769 EP20177_20_TOT-39-205.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
353 TOT39-207 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 547 71 344 mig 33.808 EP20179_11_TOT-39-207.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
354 TOT39-209 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1009 57 561 mig 59.735 EP20179_12_TOT-39-209.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
355 TOT39-214 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 832 117 532.5 mig 52.134 EP20177_21_TOT-39-214.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
356 TOT39-216 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1354 74 750.5 mig 83.266 EP20179_13_TOT-39-216.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
357 TOT39-218 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1441 72 792 mig 87.742 EP20179_14_TOT-39-218.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
358 TOT39-220 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1582 111 901.5 mig Panguana 99.041 EP20179_15_TOT-39-220.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
359 TOT39-2W 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 349 101 275 mig 20.222 EP20177_07_TOT-39-2W.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
360 TOT39-2W_E 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1361 266 946 mig 86.573 EP20179_02_TOT-39-2W_E.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
361 TOT39-3 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 897 31 479 mig 54.817 EP20179_03_TOT-39-3.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
362 TOT39-302 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 571 186 471 mig 27.755 EP20179_16_TOT-39-302.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
363 TOT39-303 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 673 149 485 mig 42.323 EP20177_22_TOT-39-303.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
364 TOT39-305 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 886 146 590 mig 43.166 EP20177_23_TOT-39-305.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
365 TOT39-307 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 781 251 641 mig 48.371 EP20179_17_TOT-39-307.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
366 TOT39-4 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1639 92 911 mig 101.036 EP20179_04_TOT-39-4.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
367 TOT39-5A 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1009 102 606 mig 63.565 EP20177_09_TOT-39-5.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
368 TOT39-5B 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 733 585 951 mig 47.731 EP20177_10_TOT-39-5.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
369 TOT39-6A 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 885 101 543 mig 51.599 EP20177_12_TOT-39-6.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
370 TOT39-6B 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 823 528 939 mig 49.694 EP20177_11_TOT-39-6.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
371 TOT39-8 73-75 Total Compaa Gene 1813 72 978 mig 101.900 EP20179_05_TOT-39-8.sgyqc TOTCGG7375L39
Page 10
 Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)
372 W73-28STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 541 273 3 stk Tamaya_1 34.051 w74(73)-28stk SIGWG7375L33
373 W73-70MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 691 350 5 mig 43.844 w75(73)-70mig SIGWG7375L33
374 W74-20MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 226 6 118.5 mig 14.332 w74-20mig SIGWG7375L33
375 W74-23STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 394 198.5 2 stk 24.823 w74-23stk SIGWG7375L33
376 W74-24STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 312 157.5 2.5 stk 19.916 w74-24stk SIGWG7375L33
377 W74-25STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 313 16 172 stk 19.435 w74-25stk SIGWG7375L33
378 W74-26STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 451 374 149 stk 28.800 w74-26stk SIGWG7375L33
379 W74-27MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 693 498 153 mig 44.238 w74-27mig SIGWG7375L33
380 W74-29STK3 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 895 2 449 stk 57.788 w74-29stk3 SIGWG7375L33
381 W74-31MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 829 3 417 mig 53.301 w74-31mig SIGWG7375L33
382 W74-32STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 913 12 468 stk 59.346 w74-32stk SIGWG7375L33
383 W74-33MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 937 -99 369 mig 59.902 w74-33mig SIGWG7375L33
384 W74-34MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 514 2 258.5 mig 32.509 w74-34mig SIGWG7375L33
385 W74-35STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 634 2 318.5 stk 40.639 w74-35stk SIGWG7375L33
386 W74-36STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 1267 803 170 stk 82.234 w74-36stk SIGWG7375L33
387 W74-44STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 463 271 40 stk 30.044 w74-44stk SIGWG7375L33
388 W74-49MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 316 5 162.5 mig 19.526 w74-49mig SIGWG7375L33
389 W74-51STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 358 2 180.5 stk 22.236 w74-51stk SIGWG7375L33
390 W74-52STK2 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 361 9 189 stk 23.423 w74-52stk2 SIGWG7375L33
391 W74-53STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 775 20 407 stk 49.719 w74-53stk SIGWG7375L33
392 W74-55MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 637 2 320 mig 40.073 w74-55mig SIGWG7375L33
393 W74-56STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 448 2 225.5 stk 28.529 w74-56stk SIGWG7375L33
394 W74-66MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 611 308 3.5 mig 38.987 w74-66mig SIGWG7375L33
395 W74-68MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 193 37 133 mig 11.731 w74-68mig SIGWG7375L33
396 W74-69MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 559 2 281 mig 34.865 w74-69mig SIGWG7375L33
397 W74-73STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 211 107 2 stk 13.146 w74-73stk SIGWG7375L33
398 W74-75STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 515 275 18 stk 32.661 w74-75stk SIGWG7375L33
399 W75-100MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 331 179 14 mig 20.661 w75-100mig SIGWG7375L33
400 W75-101MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 119 110 51 mig 6.516 w75-101mig SIGWG7375L33
401 W75-102MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 135 258 191 mig 7.655 w75-102mig SIGWG7375L33
402 W75-103MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 475 331 94 mig 29.186 w75-103mig SIGWG7375L33
403 W75-30MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 575 3 290 mig 36.886 w74(75)-30mig SIGWG7375L33
404 W75-67MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 253 5 131 mig 15.688 w75-67mig SIGWG7375L33
405 W75-71STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 675 339 2 stk 43.737 w75-71stk SIGWG7375L33
406 W75-74STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 243 20 141 stk 15.927 w75-74stk SIGWG7375L33
407 W75-76ASTK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 235 2 119 stk 14.392 w75-76Amig SIGWG7375L33
408 W75-77MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 419 215 6 mig 25.998 w75-77mig SIGWG7375L33
409 W75-78ASTK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 371 215 30 stk 23.294 w75-78Astk SIGWG7375L33
410 W75-79MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 555 296 19 mig 35.217 w75-79mig SIGWG7375L33
411 W75-84STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 143 73 2 stk 9.142 w75-84stk SIGWG7375L33
412 W75-85MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 191 97 2 mig 11.850 w74(75)-85mig SIGWG7375L33
413 W75-86AMIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 243 221 100 mig 15.615 w75-86Amig SIGWG7375L33
414 W75-86MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 191 97 2 mig 11.640 w75-86mig SIGWG7375L33
415 W75-87MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 455 205 432 mig 31.309 w75-87mig SIGWG7375L33
416 W75-88STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 304 339.5 188.5 stk 19.089 w75-88stk SIGWG7375L33
417 W75-89MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 475 268 31 mig Ro-Caco_ 29.760 w74(75)-89mig SIGWG7375L33
Page 11
 Survey name by
SEG-Y PERUPETRO Code (only one class was
No Line-Name by PARSEP Year Shot for Shot by No Trace Sp_a Sp_z segy Well Km PERUPETRO (Navigation
used by PARSEP)
too)
418 W75-91MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 679 10 349 mig 42.836 w75-91mig SIGWG7375L33
419 W75-92MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 295 112 259 mig 18.309 w75-92mig SIGWG7375L33
420 W75-93STK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 187 95 2 stk 11.540 w75-93stk SIGWG7375L33
421 W75-94ASTK 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 219 189 80 stk 12.885 w75-94Astk SIGWG7375L33
422 W75-95MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 645 101 423 mig 41.655 w75-95mig SIGWG7375L33
423 W75-96MIG 73-75 Signal Western Geophy 547 196 469 mig 34.550 w75-96mig SIGWG7375L33
423 <=-TOTAL-SEISMIC-LINES TOTAL KILOMETROS => 13736.646 km

Page 12