Chapter 16 - Chemical Equilibrium

Define equilibrium

Dynamic equilibrium for a chemical reaction is the condition in which the rate of the forward reaction
equals the rate of the reverse reaction.

Predict the shift of a reaction using Le Chteliers principle given a change in one of the following:
removal or addition of reactant or product, change in volume or pressure, and temperature change.

Write the equilibrium constant (K) expression for a given reaction

Explain the relationship between the equilibrium constant (K) and the reaction quotient (Q)

Calculate K given equilibrium concentrations of reactants and products

Predict the relative amounts of reactants and products at equilibrium given the equilibrium constant
(K)

K<<1, reverse

K=1, neither

K>>1 Forward reaction

Calculate the equilibrium concentration of reactants or products given initial concentrations

Differentiate between heterogeneous and homogeneous equilibria

Convert between Kc and KP for a reaction involving gases

Calculate the reaction quotient (Q) and predict the direction of a reaction given initial concentrations
of reactants and products and the equilibrium constant (K)

Calculate G and G of a reaction at a specified temperature given Q or K. (See 19.8 &19.9)

Use an ICE table and, if necessary, the quadratic formula to determine equilibrium, initial or final
concentrations of reactants and products Employ and justify the x is small approximation using
the 5% rule