Basic Vocabulary. 1

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1.- The house

2.- Periods of time
3.- Family relationships
4.- The human body
5.- Clothes and accessories
6.- Colours
7.- Personal Information and marital status
8.- Nature
9.- Buildings and places
10.- Daily routine
11.- Housework
12.- School subjects
13.- The Classroom
14.- Jobs and Occupations
15.- Whats the weather like
16.- Opposites
17.- Food (1)
18.- Food (2)
19.- Physical appearance
20.- Irregular verbs.
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THE HOUSE ( LA CASA)

- KITCHEN: Cocina
fridge: frigorfico
microwave oven: microondas
sink: pila, lavabo
plate: plato
knife:cuchillo
fork: tenedor
spoon: cuchara; cup: taza
napkin: servilleta
tablecloth: mantel
dishes: vajilla
glass: vaso
LIVING ROOM: sala de estar;saln
Sofa=couch: sof
Carpet: alfombra; Rug: alfombra
Armchair: silln
Television set: televisin
Curtain:cortina
Lamp: lmpara
Bookcase: librera
Cushion: cojn
Fireplace: chimenea (dentro)
BEDROOM: dormitorio
Bed: cama
Bedside table mesilla de noche
Pillow: almohada;
Blankets: mantas
Sheets: sbanas
Wardrobe/ closet: armario
BATHROOM: cuarto de bao
Sink=wash-basin: lavabo
Toilet: inodoro; Mirror: espejo
Towel: toalla
Toilet paper: papel higinico
Shampoo: champ;
Soap: jabn
Toothbrush: cepillo de dientes;
Toothpaste: pasta de dientes
Comb: peine; Hairbrush: cepillo (para el pelo)
Shower: ducha
Bath/Bathtub: baera
OTHER PARTS OF THE HOUSE
Stairs: escaleras
Upstairs: en el piso de arriba
Downstairs: en el piso de abajo
Ceiling: techo
Floor: suelo; Wall: pared
Roof: tejado ; Clock: reloj
Corridor: pasillo Garage: garaje
Garden: jardn
Front door: puerta de entrada
PERIODS OF TIME
SEASONS: estaciones
Spring: primavera
Summer: verano
Autumn (BrE): otoo
Fall (AmE): otoo
Winter: invierno
DAYS OF THE WEEK

Monday: lunes
Tuesday: martes
Wednesday: mircoles
Thursday: jueves
Friday: viernes
Saturday: sbado
Sunday: domingo
PERIODS OF TIME
Minute: minuto
Hour: hora
Day: da
Week: semana
Month: mes
Year: ao
Century: siglo
Weekend: fin de semana
FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS
Grandmother: abuela
Grandfather: abuelo
Grandparents: abuelos
Father: padre
Mother: madre
Parents: padres
Aunt: ta
Uncle: to
Brother: hermano
Sister: hermana
Son: hijo
Daughter: hija
Grandson = nieto
Granddaughter = nieta
Grandchild/ grandchildren = niet@/ nietos
Wife: esposa
Husband: marido
Cousin: primo/a
Brother-in-law: cuado
Sister-in-law: cuada
Father-in-law: suegro
Mother-in-law: suegra
Son-in-law: yerno
Daughter-in-law: nuera
Nephew: sobrino
Niece: sobrina
THE HUMAN BODY
Head: cabeza
Hair: pelo
Ear: oreja/odo
Neck: cuello
Shoulder: hombro
Arm: brazo
Back: espalda
Leg: pierna
Knee: rodilla
Foot; feet (pl): pie
Toes: dedos (de los pies)
Hand: mano
Finger: dedo
Mouth: boca
Face: cara
Forehead: frente
Nose: nariz
Tongue: lengua
Lip: labio
Eye: ojo
Heart: corazn
Lung: pulmn
Blood: sangre
Stomach: estmago
Brain: cerebro
Bones: huesos
CLOTHES AND ACCESSORIES
Shirt: camisa
T-shirt: camiseta
Trousers (pl): pantalones
Jeans: vaqueros
Skirt: falda
Shoes: zapatos
Socks: calcetines
Sweater: jersey/sudadera
Underwear: ropa interior
Underpants: calzoncillos/bragas
Track suit /jogging set: chandal
Coat: abrigo
Raincoat: chubasquero
Tie: corbata
Suit: traje ; Belt: cinturn
Hat: sombrero
Cap: gorra;
Shorts: pantalones cortos
Swimming-trunks (BrE):baador (men)
Bathing suit: (AmE) baador(men)
Swimsuit/bathing suit: (women): baador
Pyjamas/pajamas: pijama
Bra: sujetador
Bracelet: pulsera
Ring: anillo
Necklace: collar
Earring: pendiente
Scarf: bufanda /paoleta
Handkerchief: pauelo
Chain: cadena ; Watch: reloj
Glasses: gafas
Sun-glasses: gafas de sol
COLOURS
Red: rojo;
Pink: rosa
Orange: naranja
Brown: marrn
Yellow: amarillo
Blue: azul
Purple: morado
Black: negro
Grey: gris
White: blanco
Green: verde ;
Light green: verde claro
Dark green: verde oscuro
Navy blue: azul marino
PERSONAL INFORMATION AND MARITAL STATUS
Name: nombre
Surname (BrE): apellido
Last name (AmE): apellido
Place of Birth: lugar de nacimiento
Birth date: fecha de nacimiento
Age: edad
Marital status: estado civil
Address: domicilio
Sex: sexo
Male: varn
Female: mujer.
Married: casado
Single: soltero
Divorced: divorciado
Widow: viuda ;
Widower: viudo.
NATURE
Environment: medio ambiente
Mountain: montaa
Hill : colina
River: ro
Coast: costa
Seashore: costa
Beach: playa
Countryside: campo
Sky. Cielo
Village: pueblo
Tree: rbol
Flowers: flores
Lake: lago
Sea: mar
Island: isla
Sun: sol
Sunrise: el amanecer
Sunset: la puesta del sol
Waterfall: cascada, catarata
Moon: luna
Stars: estrellas.
Horizon: horizonte.
Forest: bosque
Wood: bosque; madera.
Desert: desierto.
Pond: estanque
Cloud: nube
Fog: niebla
Rain: lluvia
Storm: tormenta
Field: campo
Stream:arroyo,riachuelo,
BUILDINGS AND PLACES
School: colegio
University: universidad
Kindergarten: guardera
Shop: tienda
Bookshop (BrE): librera
Bookstore (AmE): librera
Hospital: hospital
Church: iglesia
Chemists: farmacia
Town Hall: ayuntamiento
Prison/Jail: carcel
Bus-railway station: estacn
Cinema: cine
Theatre: teatro
Movie theater (AmE): cine
Circus: circo
Shopping centre: centro comercial
Mall (AmE): complejo comercial
Petrol station: gasolinera
Library: biblioteca.
Cafeteria: bar
Restaurant: restaurante
Hotel: hotel
Inn: pensin.
Supermarket : supermercado
Dry-cleaners : tintorera
Restaurant: restaurante
Graveyard: cementerio
Bank: banco.
Hairdressers = peluquera
DAILY ROUTINE
To wake up: despertarse

To get up: levantarse
To have breakfast: desayunar
To have a shower: ducharse
To do the housework: hacer las tareas de casa
To go jogging: hacer footing
To get dressed: vestirse
To leave home: salir de casa
To buy the newspaper:comprar peridico
To listen to music: escuchar msica
To catch the train/bus: coger el tren/bus
To start school/work: empezar cole/trabajo
To have a break: hacer un descanso
To have lunch: comer (medioda)
To finish work/school: terminar de trabajar
To rest: descansar
To meet some friends: quedar con amigos
To watch TV: ver la tele
To do the homework: hacer los deberes
To have dinner: cenar
To go to bed.: acostarse
HOUSEWORK
To iron/ To do the ironing : planchar;

To make the beds: hacer las camas
To sweep the floor: barrer el suelo
To wash up/ To do the washing up : lavar los cacharros
To do the shopping: hacer la compra
To dust/ to do the dusting: Limpiar el polvo
To load the diswasher: cargar el lavava
To cook: cocinar
To tidy up: ordenar
To vacuum/ To do the vacuuming: : pasar la aspiradora
To clean the floor: limpiar el suelo
To put the rubbish out: sacar la basura
To do the laundry /To do the washing: Hacer la colada
To hang out the washing. Tender ropa
To wash or mop the floor: fregar
To sew : coser
To water the plants: regar las plantas.
SCHOOL SUBJECTS
Physical Education: E.F

Foreign languages: lenguas extranjeras
English: Ingls
French: Francs
Latin: Latn
Spanish Language and Literature
Mathematics ( Maths): Matemticas
Physics: Fsica
Chemistry: Qumica
Crafts: Manualidades
Computer Science: Informtica
Computer Lab: Laboratorio Informtica
History: Historia
Natural Science: Ciencias Naturales
Biology: Biologa
Religion: Religin
Ethics: tica.
Breaktime: recreo
Vocational Training:Mdulos formativos
THE CLASSROOM
Blackboard: pizarra
Textbook: libro de texto
Notebook: cuaderno
Workbook: libro de ejercicios
Dictionary: diccionario
Calculator: calculadora
School bag: mochila
Scissors: tijeras
Picture: cuadro
Map: mapa
Pencil: lapicero
Ruler: regla
Pen: bolgrafo
Glue: pegamento
Chalk: tiza
Pencil-sharpener: sacapuntas
Rubber/ Eraser: borrador
Marker: rotulador
Tippe-ex Correcting fluid: tippex
Paper clip: clips
Stapler: grapadora
Notice board: tabln; corcho
Hole-punch: perforadora
Diary: agenda
Desk: pupitre
Drawer: cajn
Attendance report: parte asistencia
JOBS AND OCCUPATIONS

Cook: cocinero
Driver: conductor
Farmer: granjero/agricultor
Hairdresser: peluquero
Architect: arquitecto
Engineer: ingeniero
Secretary: secretari@
Postman/woman: carter@
Waiter: camarero ; Waitress: camarera
Tourist Guide: gua turstico
Teacher : profesor
Doctor : doctor
Lawyer : Abogado
Artist : artista
Musician : msico
Shopkeeper : dependiente/a
Computer Programmer : programador
Bricklayer/builder : albail
Economist : economista
Psychologist : psiclogo
Newsreader : locutor
Soldier : soldado
Civil Servant : funcionario
Electrician : electricista
Mechanic : mecnico
Housewife : ama de casa
Travel Agent : agente de viajes
Police Officer : polica
Fireman : bombero
Judge : Juez
Politician : poltico
Social worker : trabajador social
Sportman/woman : deportista.
Journalist: periodista
Painter: pintor
Nurse: enfermera
WHATS THE WEATHER LIKE?
Sun: sol
Its sunny:; est soleado
Rain: lluvia
Its rainy: est lluvioso
Fog: nieba
Its foggy: hace niebla
Wind: viento
Its windy: hace viento
Snow: nieve
Its snowy: est nevado
Cloud: nube
Its cloudy: est nublado
Storm: tormeta
Stormy weather : tiempo de tormenta.
Cold: fro;
Its cold: hace fro.
Freezing: helado
Its freezing: hace un tiempo glido
Warm: templado
Its warm: hace un tiempo templado
Hot: caluroso
Its hot: hace calor.
OPPOSITES
Good bad: bueno malo
Big/Large small/little:grandepequeo
Old new: viejo nuevo
Cheap expensive: barato caro
Open closed: abierto cerrado
Easy difficult/hare: fcil/difcil
Thick thin: grueso delgado
Wide narrow: ancho estrecho
Tall short (por people): altobajo
High low (for things) altobajo
Loud low (for volume) altobajo
Deep Shallow: profundosuperficial
Weak strong: dbil fuerte
Fast slow: rpido lento
Happy sad: feliz triste.
Dry wet: seco mojado
Full empty: lleno vaco
Light Heavy: ligero pesado
Hard soft: duro suave
Clean dirty: limpio sucio
Tight loose: apretado suelto
Good-Looking/pretty ugly: guap@ feo
Fat thin : gord@ delgado
Early late: temprano tarde
Dark bright: oscuro luminoso
Right left: derecho izquierdo
FOOD ( 1)
Fruits:
Apple: manzana
Pear: pera
Orange: naranja
Banana: pltano
Grape: uvas
Strawberry: fresa
Peach: melocotn
Vegetables: verduras
Bean: juda
Potato: patata
Carrot: zanahoria
Lentils: lentejas
Spinach: espinacas.
Mushroom: champin
Meats: Carnes
Beef: carne de vaca
Veal: ternera (muy joven)
Lamb: cordero
Pork: cerdo
Chicken: pollo
Turkey: pavo
Steak : filete
Chop: chuleta
Saussage: salchicha
Verbs
Eat-ate-eaten: comer
To taste: degustar/ saber
FOOD (2)
Dairy Products :
Milk : leche
Butter : mantequilla
Cheese : queso
Yoghurt : yogur
Egg : huevo; Fried eggs: huevos fritos
Jam/Jelly : mermelada.
Breakfast
Cornflakes : cereales
Juice : zumo
Biscuits/ cookies : galletas
Toast : tostada
Sauces and Seasoning

(salsas y condimentos)
Vinegar : vinagre
Salt : sal
Oil: aceite
Onion: cebolla
Garlic; ajo
Tuna: atn.
Cucumber: pepino
Others
Fish: pescado
Bread: pan
Sandwich: sandwich
Crisps(BrE)/chips(AmE) patatas frita
Omelette: tortilla
Soup: sopa
PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
Hair
Short Long
Straight: liso
Wavy: ondulado
Curly: rizado
Bald (adj) calvo
Dark, brown, red
Grey : cano
Blond/ fair :rubio
Age
Baby: beb
Child: nio
Teenager: adolesc
Adult: adulto
Grown-up: adulto
Accessories
Make- up: maquillaje
Tattoo: tatuaje
Piercing: piercing.
Leather jacket: chaqueta de cuero
Casual wear: ropa informal
Denim jacket.: chaqueta vaquera
Verbs related to Appearance

To wear-wore-worn: llevar
To look like: parecerse a.
To dye: teir.
To dress: vestir
To dress well: vestir bien
To dress badly: vestir mal (con mal gusto)
To dress up: vestirse de punta en blanco
Sporty style : estilo deportivo
Posh ( clothes, person) pijo.
VERBOS IRREGULARES- CLASIFICACIN POR GRUPOS

A .- TODAS LAS FORMAS IGUALES B.- PASADO SIMPLE Y PARTICIPIO IGUALES
BASE PASADO PARTIC SIGNIFIC BASE PASADO PARTICIPIO SIGNIFICADO
BET BET BET ESPERAR SLEEP SLEPT DORMIR
BURST BURST BURST REVENTAR SMELL SMELT OLER
COST COST COST COSTAR SPELL SPELT DELETREAR
CUT CUT CUT CORTAR SPEND SPENT GASTAR
HIT HIT HIT GOLPEAR SPOIL SPOILT ESTROPEAR
HURT HURT HURT HERIR STAND STOOD ESTAR DE PIE
LET LET LET PERMITIR STICK STUCK ENGOMAR
PUT PUT PUT PONER STING STUNG PICAR
READ READ READ LEER STRIKE STRUCK GOLPEAR
SET SET SET PONER SWEEP SWEPT BARRER
SHUT SHUT SHUT CERRAR SWING SWUNG COLUMPIAR
SPREAD SPREAD SPREAD EXTENDER TEACH TAUGHT ENSEAR
UNDERSTAND UNDERSTOOD ENTENDER
B.- PASADO SIMPLE Y PARTICIPIO IGUALES WIN WON GANAR
BASE PASADO - PARTICIPIO SIGNIFICADO
BEND BENT DOBLAR C.- CAMBIO VOCLICO I A U
BRING BROUGHT TRAER BEGIN BEGAN BEGUN EMPEZAR
BUILD BUILT CONSTRUIR DRINK DRANK DRUNK BEBER
BURN BURNT QUEMAR RING RANG RUNG LLAMAR
BUY BOUGHT COMPRAR SING SANG SUNG CANTAR
CATCH CAUGHT COGER SINK SANK SUNK HUNDIR
DEAL DEALT TRATAR SPRING SPRANG SPRUNG SALTAR
DIG DUG CAVAR STINK STANK STUNK APESTAR
DREAM DREAMT SOAR SWIM SWAM SWUM NADAR
FEED FED ALIMENTAR
FEEL FELT SENTIRSE D.- BASE Y PARTICIPIO IGUALES
FIGHT FOUGHT LUCHAR BASE PASADO PARTICIPIO SIGNIFICADO
FIND FOUND ENCONTRAR BECOME BECAME BECOME LLEGAR A SER
FLEE FLED HUIR COME CAME COME VENIR
GET GOT/GOTTEN CONSEGUIR RUN RAN RUN CORRER
HANG HUNG COLGAR
HAVE HAD TENER/HABER E BASE = PARTICIPIO + (e)n
HEARD HEARD OR (A)RISE (A)ROSE (A)RISEN LEVANTARSE
HOLD HELD SOSTENER BEAT BEAT BEATEN GOLPEAR
KEEP KEPT GUARDAR BITE BIT BITTEN MORDER
LAY LAID PONER BLOW BLEW BLOWN SOPLAR
LEAD LED GUIAR DRAW DREW DRAWN DIBUJAR
LEARN LEARNT APRENDER DRIVE DROVE DRIVEN CONDUCIR
LEAVE LEFT DEJAR/SALIR EAT ATE EATEN COMER
LEND LENT PRESTAR FALL FELL FALLEN CAER
LIGHT LIT ENCENDER FORBID FORBADE FORBIDDEN PROHIBIR
LOSE LOST PERDER FORGIVE FORGAVE FORGIVEN PERDONAR
MAKE MADE HACER GIVE GAVE GIVEN DAR
MEAN MEANT SIGNIFICAR GROW GREW GROWN CRECER
MEET MET ENCONTRAR HIDE HID HIDDEN OCULTAR
PAY PAID PAGAR KNOW KNEW KNOWN SABER
SELL SOLD VENDER SHAKE SHOOK SHAKEN SACUDIR
SEND SENT ENVIAR SHOW SHOWED SHOWN MOSTRAR
SHINE SHONE BRILLAR TAKE TOOK TAKEN COGER/LLEVAR
SHOOT SHOT DISPARAR THROW THREW THROWN TIRAR
SIT SAT SENTARSE WRITE WROTE WRITTEN ESCRIBIR
F PAST = PARTICIPLE + (E)N G .- CON LAS 3 FORMAS DIFERENTES
BASE PASADO PARTICIPIO SIGNIFICADO BASE PASADO PARTICIPIO SIGNIFICADO
CHOOSE CHOSE CHOSEN ELEGIR DO DID DONE HACER
FORGET FORGOT FORGOTTEN OLVIDAR FLY FLEW FLOWN VOLAR
FREEZE FROZE FROZEN CONGELAR GO WENT GONE IR
SPEAK SPOKE SPOKEN HABLAR LIE LAY LAIN TUMBARSE
STEAL STOLE STOLEN ROBAR TEAR TORE TORN RASGAR
10 Most Interesting Facts About Words In The English Language

10. The shortest complete sentence in the English language consists of only one word and that is
Go.
9. The oldest word in the English language is Town.
8. In England, till 1880s using the word pants was considered indecent.
7. The word goodbye came from God bye, which in turn comes from God be with you. The
phrase so long came from the Arabic word salaam and also from the Hebrew word shalom.
6. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the longest word in the English language is
pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanokoniosis. The only other word with so many letters is its
plural, pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanokonioses.
5. The word with most number of definitions in the English language is set.
4. There is a seven-letter word in the English language that contains ten words without rearranging
any of its letters, and that seven-letter word is, therein, which contains: the, there, he, in, rein, her,
here, ere, therein, herein.
3. The combination ough can be pronounced in nine different ways. The following sentence
contains them all: A rough-coated, dough-faced, thoughtful ploughman strode through the streets of
Scarborough; after falling into a slough, he coughed and hiccoughed.
2. There are six words in the English language which have the letter combination uu. They are
muumuu, which means a long loose-fitting dress, vacuum, continuum, duumvirate, which is an
alliance between two equally powerful political or military leaders, duumvir, which is a rule by two
people and residuum, which means remainder. There are only four words in the English language
which end in -dous. They are: tremendous, horrendous, stupendous, and hazardous. There are
three words in the English language that end in -ceed: proceed, exceed, and succeed. The only two
meaningful words that end in -gry in the English language are: angry and hungry.
1. There are no words that could rhyme with the words, orange, purple, silver, or month.

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Basic Vocabulary. 1

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www.english4allages.

1.- The house

THE HOUSE ( LA CASA)

DAYS OF THE WEEK

THE HUMAN BODY

CLOTHES AND ACCESSORIES

PERSONAL INFORMATION AND MARITAL STATUS

BUILDINGS AND PLACES

To wake up: despertarse

To iron/ To do the ironing : planchar;

Physical Education: E.F

JOBS AND OCCUPATIONS

WHATS THE WEATHER LIKE?

Sauces and Seasoning

Verbs related to Appearance

VERBOS IRREGULARES- CLASIFICACIN POR GRUPOS

10 Most Interesting Facts About Words In The English Language

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