KERTAS RAMALAN

BIOLOGY
SPM
2017
Kementerian Pendidikan Abuden
 V. Sundrram - Biology SPM 2017

SECTION A

1. Diagram 1 shows the structure of an animal cell.

Diagram 1
a. i. In Diagram 1, label P and S. (2m)
ii. Explain the function of the chromosomes. (2m)
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b. Explain what will happen to the production of extracellular enzymes if the Golgi
apparatus and S are absent. (4m)
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c. Explain why certain follicular cells in ovary contains high density of smooth
endoplasmic reticulum. (2m)
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d. Cytoplasm contains water. State how water helps cytoplasm to perform its
function. (2m)
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 V. Sundrram - Biology SPM 2017

2. Diagram 2.1 and Diagram 2.2 show two different types of movement of
substances across the plasma membrane.

a. i. State the name of the plasma membrane model shown above. (1m)
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ii. State one of the characteristic of the model named in a (i). (1m)
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iii. State two characteristics of the phospholipid bilayer. (2m) 3

1. _____________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________
b. Name the process of the movement of substances across the plasma membrane
as shown in Diagram 2.1 and Diagram 2.2. (2m)
Process in Diagram 2.1 : ___________________________________________
Process in Diagram 2.2 : ___________________________________________
c. i. Glucose molecules are transported across the plasma membrane into the cell
through the process shown in Diagram 2.1. Explain why. (2m)
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d. ii. If the substances in Diagram 2.2 are calcium ions, explain how they are
transported into the cell. (4m)
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 V. Sundrram - Biology SPM 2017

3. a. Explain two chromosome behaviour in prophase I of meiosis. State its

importance. (3m)
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b. i. State chromosome behaviour in anaphase I of meiosis. (1m)
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ii. State chromosome behaviour in anaphase II of meiosis. (1m)
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iii. Explain the importance of chromosome behaviour that is stated for question
b(i) and b(ii). (2m)
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c. i. Diagram above karyotype of male with certain genetic disorder. Explain how
mutation that occurs during anaphase I or anaphase II of oogenesis facilitates
formation of male with syndrome. (4m)
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ii. State one characteristics of humans with this syndrome. (1m)
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 V. Sundrram - Biology SPM 2017

4. Diagram 2.1 is a cross section of an earthworm showing its internal structure

that involve in support and locomotion.

a. (i) State the type of skeleton in earthworm. (1)

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(ii) Explain the action of antagonistic muscles in the earthworm. (2) 5
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b. A boy pick up an earthworm and place it on a white tile. He observed that the
earthworm has difficulty in moving forward. Explain why. (2)
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 V. Sundrram - Biology SPM 2017

c. Diagram 2.2 shows the external anatomy of the fish.

i. Explain the adaptation of the scales that cover the body of the fish. (2)
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ii. Name fin P. (1)
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iii. What is the problem faced by the fish if fin P is too small compared to its body
size? Explain your answer. (2)
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iv. Explain how fish uses its caudal fin to increase swimming speed. (4)
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 V. Sundrram - Biology SPM 2017

5. Diagram 1 shows a section through the human heart.

Diagram 1
a. i. Name the parts labelled P and S. (2m)
P : _____________________________________________________________
S : _____________________________________________________________
7
ii. In diagram 1, shade the cavity of the ventricle which contains oxygenated
blood. (1m)
iii. What is oxygenated blood? (1m)
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b. Explain why the cell wall that around the chamber Q is much thicker that that
around chamber R? (2m)
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c. (i) In Diagram 1, label the bicuspid valve with letter T. (1m)
(ii) Explain the function of bicuspid valve. (2m)
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 V. Sundrram - Biology SPM 2017

(iii) Why are those valves supported by structure labelled U? (1m)

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d. The coronary arteries supply blood to heart muscle.
(i) Suggest one activity of human which might cause a blood clot in a coronary
artery. (1m)
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(ii) Explain what might be the result of such a blockage. (2m)
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----------- END OF SECTION A ----------

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 V. Sundrram - Biology SPM 2017

SECTION B

6.

Organism P Organism Q
Diagram 6

a. Based on diagram above, explain nutrition habit of organism P and Q. (4m)

b. Organism Q eats organism P. Explain how the digestion of cellulose in
organism Q occurs. (6m)
c. Explain how organism P produces organic substance in the presence of
sunlight. (10m)

7. a. 9

a. Diagram above shows distribution of mangrove trees in a habitat. Explain how

climax community if formed from the muddy bank in this habitat. (10m)

b. Nitrobacter, Nitrosomonas and Rhizobium are examples of bacteria that are

involved in nitrogen cycle. Explain how nitrogen cycle occurs. (10m)

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 V. Sundrram - Biology SPM 2017

8.

Twins P Twins Q Twins R

a. Compare twins P and twins Q. (4m)

b. Compare twins Q and twins R. (6m)

c. Explain stages of growth that occurs in height of twins Q by using suitable

growth curve. (10m)

9. a. Compare structure of DNA and RNA. (4m)

b. Explain how eritroblastosis fetalis of new-born occurs. (6m)

c. i. Explain how bacteria that produces human insulin is produced. Also 10

include in your answer the advantages of this type of insulin for diabetes
mellitus patients. (7m)

ii. State disadvantages of genetic engineering. (3m)

----------- END OF SECTION B ----------

Answer will be provided in

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