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Introduction To ZXSDR-GSM PDF
Introduction To ZXSDR-GSM PDF
ZTE CORPORATION
Planned by: Engineering Service Division , Mobile Product Support Center , ZTE Corporation
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ZTE CORPORATION
Address: ZTE Plaza, Keji Road South, Hi-tech Industrial Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, P.R. China
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Preface
ZXSDR is the new BTS product by ZTE Corporation. This document aims to
make the readers know its background, technique features and commissioning
method.
Content
1. What is SDR................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Challenge in the Development of Communication Technology............................................................1
1.2 SDR Concept..........................................................................................................................................1
Appendix........................................................................................................................................................61
1. What is SDR
1.1 Challenge in the Development of Communication Technology
With the increasing communication demands, new technologies come out in
succession. The common concern for communication operators and equipment
suppliers is how to upgrade equipment more flexibly and protect the investment
of operators to greatest extent in the continuous technology updates.
System
Now we have known what SDR technology is. Lets take a look at SDR
products. First, read the following news:
However, how can ZTE SDR products (ZXSDR) receive such a honor?
Currently, the GSM networking mainly uses three types of SDR BTS: the first is
indoor macro BTS, such as ZXSDR B8800 GU306; the second is outdoor macro
BTS, such as ZXSDR B8900 GU306; the third is distributed BTS in which BBU is at
the local end and RU is at the remote end (RRU), such as ZXSDR B8200 GU360 +
ZXSDR B8860 GU906/GU186. For the structure, see Figure 2.1-2.
Compared with the traditional BTS, SDR has the following features aside from
supporting multiple systems such as GSM and UMTS.
2.1.1 High-integrity
distributed BTS
Transmit/receive diversity
DDT/DPCT
Multi-carrier combination
2.2.1 uTCA-based
uTCA is the abbreviation of the Micro TCA that is the short form of the
advanced Telecom computing architecture (ATCA). As a standard open
architecture, uTCA provides options for communication system design on
various components of different handovers, ports, protocols and functions,
system architecture, redundancy and high availability.
BTS is divided into BBU and RRU. One BBU can provide baseband resources
for multiple RRU. Functions of BBU and RRU are as follows:
Note: besides the distributed BTS ZXSDR B8200 GU360 + ZXSDR B8860
GU906/GU186 (see Figure 2.1-2), the baseband and RF of all ZXSDR BTS are
separated. The so-called SDR macro BTS means BBU and RU within a
cabinet. It is still two independent units physically. In addition, BBU in macro
The operate and maintenant center for NoedB (OMCB) is the O&M unit that
manages NodeB in the 3GPP. As a dual-mode product supporting GSM and
3G, SDR also supports OMCB. The single-threaded link OMCR BSC BTS
is changed into the dual-threaded link OMCB BTS and OMCR BSC
BTS. For BTS, an upper level is added, as shown in Figure 2.2-4.
OMCB OMCR
RNC BSC
SDR
The other major difference for a SDR BTS from a traditional 2G BTS is that the
Abis/Iub uses IP protocol. Its physical bearer can be FE/GE or E1/T1 (IP over
E1/T1), but not the E1/T1 of TDM. If E1/T1 is used, BTS can fully use the
the second is the outdoor macro BTS, such as ZXSDR B8900 GU306; the third
is the distributed BTS (a BTS type that the BBU is at the local end, while the
RU is at the remote end (RRU)), such as ZXSDR B8200 GU360 + ZXSDR
R8860 GU906/GU186. For the structure. Now we will give a brief introduction
for the B8200, R8860, BS8800, and BS8900 respectively.
For ZXSDR B8200, see Figure 2.3-1. The cabinet is 2U high and 19 inch
wide, and is easy to be inserted with a 19 inch standard rack.
For the board function and interface of the ZXSDR B8200, see Figure 2.3-
2.
Figure 2.3-7 ZXSDR B8200 Board and Interface (slot numbers in red)
In the figure, the two rightmost boards inserted vertically are the dustproof
mesh and fan modules. Other boards are:
b) Location: fixed in slot 3 or 4. You can insert one or two (for load
sharing) boards.
For the external interface of the B8200, see Figure 2.3-2. For the function
of each interface, see Table 2.3-1.
Remote
Local Cable Cable
Cable
No. Connection Cable Name Cable Usage Medium/Typ
Connection
Position e
Position
Optical
CPRI CPRI Connect the BBU single
interface of the
1 interface on interface and the RRU, and mode optical
FS board on
the RRU cable transmit IQ signals fiber
the B8200
Power 10 square
interface of the B8200 B8200 power supply millimeter
2 DC -48 V
PM board on power cable cable power
the B8200 supply cable
MON on the
3 PM board on
the B8200
4 DB44 lug of E1 stub SA panel Connect E1 signal
Remote
Local Cable Cable
Cable
No. Connection Cable Name Cable Usage Medium/Typ
Connection
Position e
Position
from the
the SA panel optical
cable
line terminal on
the DDF rack
DB9 lug of External Connect
line
the SA panel debugging RS232/RS485 serial
line equipment port cable
DB25 lug of
Position to Connect dry contact
the SA panel
be monitored signal cable
line
EXT external
EXT communication port
interface of the (485 or PP1S+/2M+
5
CC board on interface) which is
the B8200 connected to the
external receiver
REF port of GPS GPS
Receive the GPS
6 the CC board lighting antenna
signals
on the B8200 protector feeder cable
Connect the Ethernet
ports between the BBU
ETH0
GE and RNC. This port is
interface
IP network electrical categorized into two
7, (electrical RJ45 UTP
connected to interface types: Ethernet optical
8 interface) of CAT-5/CAT-6
the RNC cable of the interface and electrical
the CC board
Iub interface interface
on the B8200
(10M/100M/1000M
adaptive)
Used for the
ETH1
GE cascade, debugging, or
interface
IP network electrical local maintenance of
(electrical RJ45 UTP
9 connected to interface the BBC, and the
interface) of CAT-5/CAT-6
the RNC cable of the Ethernet electrical
the CC board
Iub interface interface(10M/100M/10
on the B8200
00M adaptive)
When the R8860 is used as the RF unit of the GSM, it can support 1 - 6
carriers; when it is used as the RF unit of the UMTS, it can support a
maximum of four carrier-sectors; when it is operated in both GSM and
UMTS systems, it can support a maximum of four GSM carriers + one
UMTS carrier-sector.
The R8860 can be categorized into ZXSDR R8860 GU906 and ZXSDR
R8860 GU186.
The GU indicates that the GSM and UMTS dual modes are
supported.
The 906 indicates that the GSM900 and UMTS900 are supported,
and the transmitting power is 60 W.
The 186 indicates that the GSM1800 and UMTS1800 are supported,
and the transmitting power is 60 W.
For the external interfaces of the B8860, see the following figure.
For the connections between interfaces and cables, see Table 2.3-2.
Interface between
1 LC1 BBU and RRU/RRU LC optical interface (IEC 874)
cascading interface
Interface between
2 LC2 BBU and RRU/RRU LC optical interface (IEC 874)
cascading interface
AISG device 8-core aerial socket (IEC 60130-9-
3 AISG
interface ED)
External device
4 Mon interface (monitoring, 37-core aerial socket
LMT, etc.)
DC interface: connector
5 DC IN Power interface XCG18T4K1P1-01+XC18FJJP1-10.5
Cable cross-sectional area: 1.5mm
Receive diversity RF
6 RX 50 DIN connector
cable interface
Receive/Transmit
7 RX/TX main set RF cable 50 DIN connector
interface
Frequency
8 RXout N-KY (MIL-C-39012 or IEC 169-16)
expansion interface
Frequency
9 RXin N-KY (MIL-C-39012 or IEC 169-16)
expansion interface
Equipment
10 GND Cable cross-sectional area: 35mm
grounding
carriers. When the station configures more than 36 carriers, you can add
an auxiliary cabinet of 36 carriers capacity. In Figure 2.3-5, cabinet 2 is the
main cabinet, and cabinet 1 is the auxiliary cabinet.
The baseband and the RF are separated in the BS8800 GU360. For the
internal structure, see Figure 2.3-6. In the figure, the baseband is B8200,
and the RF has three options:
unit.
The iBSC needs an IP interface board IPBB (the physical board is BIPI
(100 M) or GIPI (Gigabit)) to provide the FE interfaces for the SDRs of the
OMCB and FE Abis.
If the Abis interface is E1/T1, the DTB and EUIP (the physical board is
EIPI) should be configured as the interface board of the IP over E1/T1.
Now we know so many advantages of the SDR, but how to use the SDR? In
this chapter, we will learn this point, including networking, installation, and
commissioning.
Lets start with the SDR networking. Each network shows different networking
figures at different angles. So does the SDR BTS networking. Lets learn the
SDR networking from three angles: Abis networking interface, BSC/BBU/RRU
topology, and the O&M network management of the SDR.
When the FE/GE is used, the networking of the SDR and BSC is as shown in
Figure 3.1-1. This networking can obtain more transmission bandwidth.
Router
Switch
P C M/X .2 5/DDN. .
.
BBU
Router
Switch
iBSC
Figure 3.1-13 The Networking when the Abis Interface Uses the FE/GE
For E1/T1, the networking of the SDR and BSC is as shown in Figure 3.1-2.
This networking can fully use the existing transmission equipment and save the
user investments.
SDH
DDF
Transmission cable
.
BBU
SDH
DDF
iBSC
Figure 3.1-14 The Networking when the Abis Interface Uses the E1/T1
The networking of BBU and RNC/BSC is categorized into star and chain, as
shown in Figures 3.2-1 and 3.2-2. The networking of the SDR macro BTS
B8800/B8900 and RNC/BSC is the same as that of the BBU and RNC/BSC.
For the star networking, the BSC/RNC in each site will introduce n
transmission links directly, and all the BTS equipment on each site are the
end equipment. See Figure 3.2-1. The star networking features simple
networking, convenient maintenance and engineering, less processes for
signals, and high reliability of the line. However, the star networking
demands the most transmission lines compared with other networks.
Chain networking
The chain networking is used for band-distributed, low line density areas,
such as freeways and railways. Theoretically, the B8200 supports five-
level cascades. However, to avoid the deterioration of the clock
performance, the number of BTS cascades in the chain networking should
not higher than level 4, as shown in Figure 3.2-2.
The networking of the BBU and RRU is categorized into star and chain.
Star networking
The ZXSDR B8200 GU360 can use the star networking, and use the fiber
for the transmission. Its networking is shown as in Figure 3.2-3. The
ZXSDR B8200 GU360 can form a star network with a maximum of 12
RRU star.
Chain Network
For the chain networking, the RRU is connected to the RRU of the ZXSDR
B8200 GU360 or cascade through the optical fiber interface. See Figure
3.2-4. The ZXSDR B8200 GU360 supports a maximum of level 4 RRU
chain networking. The chain networking is applicable for band-distributed,
low line density areas. It can save a lot of transmission equipment.
Remember what is OMCB? In the above chapter, we know that the difference
between the SDR and the traditional 2G BTS is that the SDR BTS has two
network managements: one is OMCR, the other is OMCB. Most of the
operations are performed on the OMCB. See Figure 2.2-2 if you can not recall
it. In the actual networking, the OMCB and OMCR can be installed on two
independent servers, or be integrated into a network management (iSMG) and
installed in a server (SBCX). How the OMCB communicates with the SDR
then?
Networking Description
When the OMCB and OMCR are deployed in combination, they are still
two independent network management units logically. They are just
installed on the SBCX board physically. Then, the iBSC should provide two
sets of IP interfaces which will be connected to the SDR BTS and OMCB
server; the iBSC should be configured with a virtual address (RPU
interface address). The networking is shown in Error: Reference source
not found.
The connection between the SDR and BSC: for physical E1 access,
the interface board at SDR side is the SA, while the interface board at
BSC side is DTB (should work with EUIP to implement the IP access);
For FE/GE access, the interface board at SDR side is CC, while the
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only
Connection between the OMCB and BSC: For FE/GE access, the
OMCB interface is the external network interface of the SBCX. It is
usually the HEART1. The IPBB is used at BSC side.
IPBB_SDR/
OMCB IPBB_OMCB RPU SDR
EUIP_SDR
Switch
This chapter describes the BTS installation of the SDT. As the macro BTS
installation of the SDR is the same as that of other macro BTSs, no more
detailed will be given here. But it is easy and flexible to install the distributed
BTS, because its volume is small and its BBU is separated from the RRU.
ZXSDR B8200 is a 19-inch standard cabinet. It features compact size and easy
installation. It supports several installation methods: indoor stand installation
(19-inch rack, also called gantry support), wall installation, pole installation, and
outdoor installation.
The most common installation is to use the existing or new indoor floor
stand, which is a 19-inch rack. Besides B8200, it can be installed with
other stand equipment such as a router.
In wall installation, install the cabinet ZXSDR BC8180 and then the B8200.
The internal structure of the ZXSDR BC8180 is similar to the installation
structure of the indoor floor stand. That is, the ZXSDR BC8180 is a small
indoor floor structure. For its appearance, see Figure 3.3-1. And for its
internal structure, see Figure 3.3-2.
Figure 3.3-3 shows the wall installation when the ZXSDR BC8180 is used.
In wall installation, you can also use a simple frame, as shown in Figure
3.3-4: the simple frame is 4U high. You can insert two B8200s or one
B8200 and one lighting arrestor to the frame.
In pole installation, also install the cabinet ZXSDR BC8180 first, as shown
in Figure 3.3-5.
In outdoor installation, install the outdoor cabinet ZXDU58 W121 and then
B8200. Figure 3.3-6 shows the installation.
The B8860 can be installed in three methods: wall installation, pole installation,
and floor installation, as shown in Figures 3.3-7, 3.3-8, and 3.3-9
independently.
BSC
Commissioning
Installation
Preparation
Commissioning
OMCR Data
Hardware Check
Configuration
Local
OMCB Data
Commissioning of
Configuration
LMT
Installation &
Configuration
Check
No
Is link created?
Yes
Synchronize Data
on Foreground and
Background
Service Testing
End
OMCR data configuration is the data configuration related to the SDR at the
BSC side. It falls into four parts: BSC global resource setting, board
configuration of the Abis interface, IP interface configuration, and radio
parameter configuration of the SDR site.
The OMCB is the operation and maintenance center of the SDR BTS. With it,
you can configure SDR data and remotely maintain the SDR in the
commissioning.
LMT local debugging refers to connect the debugger to the SDR and configure
local data through the LMT software. You can use the LMT to configure
transmission-related information (such as IP address and route), physical
information (such as board and topology relation), and partial radio information
(such as band and central frequency ). You can also use it to manage the SDR
version.
Figure 5.1-2 Link Establishment Between the Foreground and Background Requires
Note that LMT configurations are the same as OMCB configurations. When the
SDR is subscribed, configure the data of the BSC side on the OMCR in one of
the following two ways: 1. a. configure all data through the OMCB. b. configure
SDR transmission parameters through the LMT. c. establish a link between the
SDR and the OMCB. d. synchronize the data configured on the OMCB to the
SDR. 2. a. configure all data though the LMT. b. create a SDR management
NE on the OMCB. c. establish a link between the OMCB and the SDR. d.
Transconfigure the SDR data to the OMCB. But the first method is
recommended. The following sections simply describe main steps of this
debugging method.
2. Configure the Abis interface board and OMCB interface bard of the BSC.
[Task Preparations]
2. The A interface and Gb interface of the iBSC are connected, and the
3. IP addresses of the SDR site, Abis interface on the BSC, OMCB interface,
OMCB interface and the virtual IP address of the BSC are planned. The
module number corresponding to the SDR on the BSC and Abis interface
position are also planned.
1. Configure the IP addresses of the OMCB and IPabis for the BSC global
resources, as shown in Figures 5.2-1 and 5.2.2.
When the Abis interface uses IPOverE1, configure the DTB board on
the E1 interface of the Abis interface and add a EUIP board, as shown
in Figures 5.2-3 and 5.2-4.
When the Abis uses FE, configure the IPBB board on the IP interface
of the Abis interface, as shown in Figure 5.2-5.
The configuration method is the same as the method for configuring the
IPBB board to the FE Abis interface. See Figure 5.2-5.
The IPBB to the OMCB and the IPBB to the SDR can use different
network ports of the same board. But the two ports must be configured in
different network segments.
Create an IPPB interface for the OMCB, as shown in Figures 5.2-6 and
5.2-8.
Interface configuration when the Abis interface uses FE. See Figures 5.2-6
and 5.2-12.
Figure 5.2-12 Create the IPBB Interface to the SDR Abis Interface
Create a logical site and create a rack and a cell on the site, as shown in
Figure 5.2-13 and Figure 5.2-14. Figure 5.2-15 shows the created site.
Note that it is just a logical site. Thus, no board is displayed on the rack.
[Task Preparations]
1. Know the BTS name, site number and site type of each SDR site.
3. Know the interface position and module number corresponding to the SDR
site on the iBSC.
4. Know the IP address of each SDR BTS, and IP addresses of the iBSC
interfaces to the BTSs, and virtual address of the IP Abis interface of the
iBSC.
5. Know the planned IP address of each site and the planned frequency of
each RRU.
Without exclusion right, you cannot create or modify the NE. Figure 5.3-3
shows the method of applying for exclusion right.
When you have applied for exclusion right successfully, the tree node on
the network management interface is displayed as a green lock, as shown
in Figure 5.3-3.
If the planned SDR address and the virtual address of the IP Abis interface
of the iBSC are not in the same segment, Static Route Configuration
must be added to the IP and Route Management, as shown in Figure
5.3-10.
In the time source priority configuration, select the input clock and its
priority for the SDR, as shown in Figure 5.3-11.
If dry contacts and other similar are installed, they also must be configured
at the foreground. See Figure 5.3-12.
Connect the network port of the debugger with the ETH1 interface of the
active CC board.
Start the LMT, and log in to the SDR, as shown in the following figure.
Before this configuration, set some basic properties, including Set Basic
Properties, Set Clock Reference Source, BTS Time Properties, as
shown in Figure 5.4-2.
Configure the basic rack 1, the remote rack (RRU), and the topology
structure, as shown in Figure 5.4-3. Unlink in the OMCB, antennas are
already configured in the RRU. Thus, no antennas are configured here.
Figure 5.4-23 Configure SDR Transmission Resource Using the LMT (E1/T1)
Figure 5.4-24 Using the LMT to Configure the Transmission Resources of the SDR (FE)
If the planned SDR address and the virtual address of the IP Abis interface
of the iBSC virtual address are not in the same network segment, Static
Route Parameters also should be configured, as shown in Figure 5.4-6.
Configure the RF unit center frequency, GSM sector, GSM RU, and GSM
carrier, as shown in Figure 5.4-7.
Transconfigure SDR data to the OMCB. In Figure 5.5-1, select BTS Data
Configuration Wizard. The interface as show in Figure 5.5-2 is displayed.
Appendix
Abbreviations
HR Hardware Radio
It indicates the radio in which the main functions are achieved through
the hardware.
It indicates that the two send units in the double-diversity of the BTS
realizes coherent combining, that is, the two send unit in the module
send same bursts in the same moments and form into a nominal
carrier through the combiner, thus obtaining a unlink transmission gain
greater than 2 dB and increasing the cell coverage. The four-antenna
diversity function is used with DPCT simultaneously to implement the
ultra-distance coverage of BTS.
The IRC diversity of the uplink link can improve the uplink receiving
sensitivity of the receiver and enlarge the uplink coverage of the BTS.
board controlled by the system (CMB). For example, the system can
power down partial carrier modules in normal power supply according
to the decrease of the traffic.
uTCA is the abbreviation of the Micro TCA that is the short form of the
advanced Telecom computing architecture (ATCA).