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PROFINET in Automation Evironments

PROFINET in Automation
Environments

Chapter 2

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What is PROFINET?

PROFINET is the open Industrial Ethernet

Standard for automation
PROFINET meets all automation requirements
PROFINET
- ... is based on Industrial Ethernet
- ... uses TCP/IP and IT standards
- ... is automation in real-time
- ... enables seamless fieldbus integration
- ... improves vertical integration

PROFINET is a network protocol based on standard Ethernet which enables it to be perfectly

integrated into already existing Ethernet networks. PROFINET meets all automation requirements
and at the same time incorporates advantages of the well-established Ethernet technology.

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Advantages of PROFINET

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Current Situation of Vertical Integration

Offices are almost entirely networked via Ethernet
Expensive data transfer between
field and plant level
No transparent
access onto
machine data
Acquisition
Self-contained Administration Delivery
Maintenance
solution Planning

on the field level Production

Nowadays most companies use two completely different communication systems for vertical
integration:
The offices often uses Ethernet on the field level mostly fieldbus systems of different
manufacturers are used.

The use of two different communication systems in the offices and on the field level deteriorate the
common continuous data access. For example: If data from an ERP system (Enterprise Resource
Planning) are to be available on the field level also, expensive interfaces between different levels
are required nowadays. The same problem arises in reversed direction, if pieces of information
from the field level are to be mapped in the ERP system.

Furthermore, several self-contained solutions have been created for different fields of application
due to the variety of fieldbuses. These self-contained solutions, however, can only be integrated
into the overall company information network by creating expensive interfaces.

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The Target
A uniform network structure within the company
Merging different self-contained solutions in the
fieldbus area
Networking of all components within a machine. Acquisition
Acquisition

Management
Management

Connection to the Planning

Planning

Office World
Ethernet?
Continuous
communication
technology

The problem described above pin-points the target to create a uniform network structure for the
overall company information network.

This target also comprises that different self-contained solutions are to be perfectly integrated into
an overall concept.
Moreover it is our long-term goal to replace such self-contained solution based on fieldbus systems
by a single uniform communication platform. In order to guarantee investment protection for already
installed fieldbus systems, the concept should include the option to couple fieldbus systems to the
uniform communication platform for a transition period.

Based on the facts that Ethernet is a well-established system and that Ethernet can also be applied
in the field, it seems logic to create a uniform communication platform based on Ethernet.

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PROFINET The Solution

PROFINET interconnects existing fieldbus systems and creates a
connection based on Ethernet to the office world.

With PROFINET we have a communication solution that meets the requirements of automation
technology and is fully based on the Ethernet standard (IEEE 802.3).

Thanks to the proxy concept within PROFINET, fieldbus systems can also be integrated seamlessly
into the network structure. In this way, a continuous communication platform is created
interconnecting the individual fieldbus systems.
Moreover, the data exchange between office and field level is simplified even further .

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Vertical Integration With PROFINET

In order to optimize seamless communication between different company levels, the PROFINET
specification defines services supporting the data exchange between the MES and the field level.
These services mainly include the support of startup and maintenance of the PROFINET network.
These services are summarized in the generic term of I&M functions (Identification and
Maintenance).
These I&M functions serve to acquire basic information from a field device in order to enable
troubleshooting for individual devices.

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PROFINET Advantages
Continuity in communication
Using wireless technologies
Cost savings during startup, maintenance and diagnose
Using well-established IT functionalities
Flexibility
Scalability
Simple integration of existing fieldbus technologies
Providing an architecture model for distributed automation

With PROFINET based on Ethernet, the user has the following advantages:

When using PROFINET, continuity of communication is achieved. This is valid for the
automation landscape that was heterogeneous up to now with all kinds of different fieldbus
systems side by side (horizontal integration) as well as for the coupling to higher-level systems
from the office environment (vertical integration).
The use of wireless technologies such as WLAN or Bluetooth is enabled with the introduction of
PROFINET.
Furthermore, there are cost savings during startup, maintenance and diagnose thanks to the
use of a uniform communication platform. This leads to uniform diagnose concepts and spare
parts logistics as well as standard personnel training and engineering plus further cost saving
potential.
The option to use well-established IT functionality opens the door for the transition of established
office world technologies to the world of automation. Thus the automation environment can also
apply network management mechanisms such as SNMP, LLDP, etc. without any need to develop
new mechanisms for automation. The use of web interfaces for individual automation components
or the use of redundancy mechanisms and voice over IP also are advantageous for the
automation environment.
PROFINET enables increased flexibility through free selection of required network topologies
(star, line, ring). Furthermore, PROFINET is manufacturer-independent so that users can buy
components from different manufacturers and can use all of them in one system.
The PROFINET system is characterized by its high scalability. In this way, the user can select
between different system variants in order to meet different real-time requirements. To do that,
PROFINET also provides a system for drive controls with very high real-time requirements.
Thanks to simple integration of existing fieldbus technologies, existing system parts can be
integrated into the PROFINET system and thus offer a high degree of investment protection to the
user.
Thanks to the provision of an architecture model for distributed automation, the
intercommunication of individual controls can be realized using PROFINET.

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Interesting Facts about PROFINET

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Industrial Ethernet Solutions

PROFINET
(PNO) Phoenix Contact / Siemens

EtherNet/IP
(ODVA) Rockwell Automation

ETHERNET Powerlink
(EPSG) B&R

Modbus/TCP
(Modbus-IDA) Schneider Automation Inc.

EtherCAT
(ETG) Beckhoff

Alongside PROFINET, there are several different Industrial Ethernet solutions that are promoted by
different organizations. The following list only is an excerpt from the complete list of existing
Industrial Ethernet solutions on the market.

PROFINET
PROFINET offers all solutions from non-real-time communication via real-time communication to
clock-synchronous communication. The PROFINET protocol is supported by the PNO (PROFINET
User Organization) comprising companies like Phoenix Contact and Siemens.

EtherNet/IP
EtherNet/IP combines the American bus systems ControlNet und DeviceNet based on Ethernet.
The concept is being developed by the ODVA (Open DeviceNet Vendor Association).

ETHERNET Powerlink
ETHERNET Powerlink is based on the SCNM procedure (Slot Communication Network
Management) that provides a certain time slot for communication for each device. The EPSG
(ETHERNET Powerlink Standardization Group) is developing ETHERNET Powerlink.

Modbus/TCP
The Modbus protocol has been extended by the TCP/IP functionality. The concept has been
developed by Modbus IDA (Interface for Distributed Automation).

EtherCAT
EtherCAT was developed by Beckhoff and is based on a ring topology in which each device inserts
its data into a circulating Ethernet telegram and directly forwards it to the neighboring device.

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The AIDA Decision

AIDA
(AutomatisierungsInitiative Deutscher Automobilhersteller)
[Automation Initiative of German Automotive Manufacturers]
AIDA decides to use PROFINET with the following aim:
- Using a standardized communication technology based on
Ethernet
- Standardization of communication technology in automation
technology

A few years ago, the AIDA cooperation (Automation Initiative of German Automotive
Manufacturers) comprising the four large automotive companies Audi, BMW, Daimler Chrysler and
VW, decided to use PROFINET.

This decision aims at standardizing the communication technology in the field of automation which
will be advantageous for the companies. In this way, the know-how for different communication
networks will no longer be needed. This communication standardization based on Ethernet also
leads to a high degree of planning security for the system operators.

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Certification for PROFINET

Certification by accredited test labs
Prerequisite for market introduction
of PROFINET products
Standardized tests
- Specification maintenance
- Correct implementation
i c ation - Interoperability with other
f
, certi PROFINET devices
T .
FINE atory
O g
or PR s obli
F i

The certification of devices for PROFINET is obligatory and ensures the continuous interoperability
of PROFINET devices. All PROFINET devices undergo specified tests in accredited test labs to
guarantee that the PROFINET specification is being observed.
The accreditation of test labs is centrally monitored by the PNO (PROFINET User Organization).

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