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Regulated Power Supply Made by Rajat Aggarwal
Regulated Power Supply Made by Rajat Aggarwal
REPORT
ON
REGULATED POWER SUPPLY
Electronics &
Engineering
0809810033
Manisha
0809810023
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are deeply indebted to Mr. Chanan Pawar Sr. Lecturer in
Department of Electronics & Communication Engg. at
Ambition Institute Of Polytechnic , Moriwala (Sirsa). For his
inspiring and encouraging guidance without which this project
work could not have been completed inspite of his busy
schedule. He always had time to attend the problem faced by
us in our project work. We will always remember his quick
analysis, comprehensive solution and critical reviews, he has
been given through out the project work.
Cordial and earnest thanks to staff of Ambition Institute of
Polytechnic, Moriwala (Sirsa) for his valuable suggestion and
help remembered in conducting the project work.
But at last, but not least we express over indebtedness to our
parents and all other family members for their patience and
help extended in this end over.
Rajat Aggarwal
0809810040
Poonam Mehta
0809810033
Manisha
0809810023
CONTENTS
CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION
o Introduction.
o Theoretical background
o Aim to design this project
o Application
o Advantages
CHAPTER-2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
o block diagram
o block description
o circuit diagram
o circuit description
o component used
o working principle and operation
CHAPTER-3 FABRICATION PROCESS
o fabrication techniques
o various tools and equipment
o soldering
o tips and tricks
o precautions
CHAPTER-4 TESTING
CHAPTER 5 RESULT AND CONCLUSION
Reference
Chapter:-1
INTRODUCTIO
N
INTRODUCTION
Regulated power supply
In general, electronic circuit using transistors require a source
of DC power for example in tube amplifiers, DC voltage is
needed for plate, screen grid and control grid. Similarly the
emitter and collector bias in a transistor must also be direct
current. Batteries are rarely used for this purpose as they are
costly. In practice DC power for electronic circuit is most
conveniently obtained from commercial AC lines by using
rectifier-filter system, called a DC power supply. The rectifier-
filter combination constitutes an ordinary DC power supply.
The DC voltage from an ordinary power supply remains
constant. So long as AC mains voltage or load is unaltered.
However, in many electronic applications, it is desired that DC
voltage should remain constant irrespective of change in AC
mains or load under such situations, voltage regulating devices
are used with ordinary power supply. This constitutes
regulated DC power supply and keeps the DC voltage at fairly
constant value.
CERTIFICATE
Certify that the project entitled variable regulated power
Moriwala (Sirsa)
Chapter:-2
PROJECT
DESCRIPTION
BLOCK DESCRIPTION
Transformer: - The low voltage AC output is suitable for lamps,
heaters and special AC motors. It is not suitable for electronic circuits
unless they include a rectifier and a smoothing capacitor.
The input coil is called the primary and the output coil is called
the secondary. There is no electrical connection between the
two coils, instead they are linked by an alternating magnetic
field
The ratio of the number of turns on each coil, called the turns
ratio, determines the ratio of the voltages. A step-down
transformer has a large number of turns on its primary (input)
coil
Hence, we can say that the bridge wave rectifier give the
pulsating DC voltage which are not suitable for electronics
circuit.
Smoothing (Filter): - Smoothing is performed by a large value
electrolytic capacitor connected across the DC supply to act as
a reservoir, supplying current to the output when the varying
DC voltage from the rectifier is falling. The diagram shows the
unsmoothed varying DC (dotted line) and the smoothed DC
(solid line). The capacitor charges quickly near the peak of the
varying DC, and then discharges as it supplies current to the
output.
capacitor
Adjustable regulator: - Voltage regulator ICs are available
with fixed or variable output voltages. The regulated DC
output is very smooth with no ripple. It is suitable for all
electronic circuits.
Voltage regulator
In this we used adjustable voltage regulator. The adjustable
voltage regulator can be adjusted to provide any DC output
voltage that is within its two specified limits. The most popular
three terminal IC adjustable voltage regulator is the KA317. It
has an input terminal, output terminal and an adjustment
terminal.
An external voltage divider is used to change the DC output
voltage of the regulator. By changing external voltage divider
means variable resistance, a wide range of output voltage can
be obtained. Most regulators include some automatic
protection from excessive current (overload protection) and
overheating
(Thermal protection).
HOW TO CONSTRUCT
First of all read the given manual thoroughly and study the
circuit given in the figure. Also have a look at PCB and
components supplied along with the kit. Each component has
to be soldered in its position on PCB.
Identification of resistors is done by color-coding. The color
band on each resistor corresponds to its exact value.
There are different methods in which are defined on
capacitors. But usually values are specified numerically on
them. Refer Basic Electronics section of the manual for
details of resistor and capacitor identification methods.
Can you make out the whole working of circuit and are you
able to identify each component separately as to where each
of them has to be placed?
If yes, only then proceed further to actually mounting and
soldering the parts refer to Soldering Instructions section.
Not ICs but their sockets are to be soldered on PCB. This is to
make mounting and dismounting of ICs easy while
troubleshooting.
Start from left most corner of PCB and solder the components
one by one on their correct position of PCB.
FABRICATING
PROCESS
FABRICATING
TECHNIQUES
The fabricating techniques used in this project can be broadly
classified into:
Flux
Wire cutter Multimeter
SOLDERING
Soldering is a process in which two or more metal items are joined
together by melting and flowing a filler metal into the joint, the filler
metal into the joint, the filler metal having a relative low melting point.
which is below 4000 C (7520F). The filler metal used in the process is
called solder.
Soldering is distinguished brazing by use of a lower melting-temperature
filler metal; it is distinguished from welding by the base metals not being
be joined by wetting action. After the metal cools, the resulting joints are
not as strong as the base metal, but have adequate strength , electrical
you began successful so you can stop practicing and get down to some
serious building.
1. Use heatsinks. Heatsinks are must for the leads of sensitive
components such as on
2. Keep the iron tip clean. A clean iron tip means better heat conduction
and a better joint. Use a wet sponge to clean the tip between joints.
3. Double check points. It is good idea to check all the soldiers joints
with an Ohm meter after they are cooled. If the joint measures any
resolder it.
4. Use the proper iron. Remember that bigger joints will take longer to
heat up with an 30W iron than with a 150w iron. While 30W is good
for printed circuit boards and the like, higher wattages are great when
5. Solder small parts first. Solder resistors , jumper leads, diodes and
any other small parts before you solder larger parts like capacitors
4. Position the board so that gravity tends to keep the solder where
5. Do not over heat the components at the board. Excess heat may
6. The board should not vibrate while soldering otherwise you have a
7. Do not put the kit under or over voltage source. Be sure about the
TESTING
BLOCK DIAGRAM
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Fig: - Regulated Power Supply
TESTING
The testing step comes after the fabrications processes or we can say this
is the final step of our project. In this process we have done testing of our
Hardware section
In the hardware section, first of all we have tested the soldiering section of
power supply, after that in this we have checked that we are receiving the
output required or not, i.e. 5V from the power supply section. After
founding that the power supply section is working as per our requirement
circuit and check if there are no loosened wires, breaking of tracks etc. the
Digital multimeter
Desoldering gun
COMPONENT USED
give high AC voltage by two red wires & take low AC voltage
outputs.
Bridge wave rectifier: - In the full wave rectifier we can use four
this circuit we use four diodes of value 4007 to make a full wave
rectifier. These four diodes give full wave at output. One diode
takes 0.7v to operate.We can use two diode to take full wave at
output but for this we require a center tap transformer, this is not
pulsating DC volt.:-
Capacitor :- Capacitor are use for either to store the charge or
the output.