@t

ffil'
B2
DExam
mintafeladatok
DExam mintafeladatok
K6z6pfok (82)

Hum6n- 6s re6lmodul feladatsorok angol nyelvb6l

CD mel16klettel 6s megold6kulccsal

Debreceni Egyetem ldegennyelvi Kozpont

DExam Vizsgakdzpont

Debrecen,2008
 Szerkesztett6k: Kov6cs Magdolna 6s Vad Kdlmenn6

Anyanyelvi lektor: Ceorge Seel

O Debreceni Egyetem, 2009

Jelen kiadveny a Debreceni Egyetem szellemi tulajdona, Bdrminemri sokszorosi6s vagy

tovdbbi felhaszn;ilis kiz.irdlag a Felet6s kiad6 irdsbeli enged6ty6vel lehets6ges.

lsBN 978-963-473-l 33-7

Felel6s kiad6: Dr. F6sris Leszl6 rektor

Cim: 4010 Debrecen, Egyetem t6r I .
E-mailt rector@admin.unideb.hu
Honlap: www.unideb.hu

Nyomta 6s kdtdtter Alfdldi Nyomda Zrr.

4027 Debrecen, E6szdrm6nyi it 6.
Felel6s vezet6 Cydrgy Gza vez6rigazgat6
 TARTALOMJEGYZfK

1. sAJATossAGAr.'
A DEXAM vlzscA """ ""'5
2.BEsztDfRrfs.. " """"' 13
3.BEsztDKfszsfc """"""23

4. irorr szdvnc fnrfsr fs 1vnr,vIsMERDT....... .......... " " "" 35

5. ip,isr<r6szsfc... """""""49
6. MDGoLD6KULCSoK....................... "" " "53

7. ABour DEXAM """ "'61

Kedves Vizsgrizdk!

Az allamilag elismert DExam vizsga a KER (Kdzijs Eur6pai Referenciakeret) ajAnlesait kdvet
egynyelvii angol nyelwizsga, mely a kommunikativ cdlok megval6sitdsdhoz sziiksdges nyelvtud6l
iiltaldnos 6s a vizsgez6k drdekl6ddsdnek mcgfelel6 tdmaktlrdkben mdri.

A DExam vizsgarendszer szintjei kiivetik az Eur6pa Tanfcs dltal elfogadott KER szinteket.

Jelen kiadvrinyunk a DExam kdzdpfokLi (82) nyelwizsg6t mutatja be. A kiadvAny kdt rdszbd
ell.
Az els6 rdsz riszletezi a DExam vizsgarendszer f6 saj6toss6g6t, a humiin_ vagy reiilmodui
kijzdtti vrilasztdsi lehct6sdget; majd dtrekintdst nyijt a DExam kdzdpfokrt (B2) nyelwizsga
feldpitdsdr6l, feladattipusai16l ds a vizsgiz6i teljesitmdny drtdkeldsdr6l.
A mdsodik risz a DExam kdzdpfoki (82) nyelvvizsga ndgy vizsgardszdnek Beszidirtes,
Beszidklszsig, irott sziiveg artese is nyelvismeret, iraskdszslg teljes feladatsoriit ta1almazza.
A
vizsgrira jelentkez6knek mrir jelentkezdsi lapon meg kell jeldlnitik, hogy hum6n_ vagy re6lmodul
a
feladatso.al kivdnnak vizsgiizni. A vizsga sor6n modult v6rtani nem lehet. A m6sodik rszbe'
kdzreadott humdn- ds reiilmodul feladatsorcL az adott modul feladatai melett tartalmaznak r-
kdzds' dltaliinos tdmaju feladatot is. A kdzds feladatot/feladatokat kiadv6nyunk egyszer kdzri,
ugyanigy Beszidtrtls kdz6s feladatiinak hanganyaga is egyszer szerepel a CD_n.
a

A feladatokat ds a hozzrijuk taitozd angol nyelvii utasit6sokat abban a form6ban adjuk k

ahogyan azt a vizsgdz6k az ,,dles" vizsgfn is kdzhez kapjrik.
A kiadv6ny vdgdn talalhat6 megold6kulcsok ds mintamegold6sok segitik a i.elkdsziildsr.
 1. A DEXAM VIZSGA SAJATOSSAGAI
l. 1, Humfnmodul vagy re6lmodul k0ziitti vilasztasi lehet6s6g
A DExam olyan dltaliinos nyelwizsga, amely a diAkok kdzdpiskolisok, egyetemistiik ds a mar
dolgoz6 nyelvtanul6k nyelvhasznalati ig6nyeit termdszetes hum6n- vagy rerildrdekl6ddsiik
messzemen6 hgyelembevdtel6vel eldgiti ki. A DExam vizsgarendszer sajetoss.iga a humiin- vagy
realmodul kdzotti velasztasi lehet6sdg.
A modulfeladatok a vizsgdz6k sziikebb vagy tagabb 6rdekl6d6si vagy szaktediletdhez kijt6dnek, de
a trrgyi tudist nem mdrik, laikusok sziimdra ir6dott tudom6nyos ismerette{eszt6 szdvegeken
alapulnak. A tdrsadalomtudomanyok ds a miivdszetek irant 6rdekl6d6k nyelvtudasukat 6ltal6nos ds
hum6n tematik6jf feladatokon mutathatj6k meg, mig a termdszettudomiiny ds a technika iriint
drdekl6d6knek a re6lmodul vdlasztis6val lesz nagyobb esdly0k angol nyelvi ismereteik bizonyit6sdra
a DExam vizsgarendszerben.
Az 6ltalenos tdm6jf 6s a modulfeladatok ar6nya a DExam kijzdpfokti (B2) nyelwizsga egyes

vizsgadszeiben eltdr6l
c a Beszlcldrtis vizsgardsz feladatsora 3 feladatb6l rill, ds ebb6l kett6 modulfeladat:
c a B eszddkdszstg vizsgardsz 3 feladatb6l rill, ds ebbiil egy, a kisel6ad6s a modulfeladat;
. az irott sztjveg irftse As nyelvismelel vizsgardsz feladatsora 3 irott sztiveg dftdsdt
ds 1 nyelvismeretet mdr6 feladatb6l dll, ezek kdztil kett6 modulfoladat;
. iraskdszsdgtizsgardsz mindkdt feladata dltal.inos tdm6jir' Itt nincs modulfeladat
az

A modulfeladatok helyt ds ar6ny6t az alfibbi tlbli,zat foglalja iissze. A modulfeladatokat sziirke

szin jeliili:

Feladatok szima

Beszddkdszsdg

irott sziiveg dfi6se 6s nyelvismeret

A modulfeladatok nem feladattipushoz ktjt6dnek, egy-egy vizsgadsz feladatsoriiban a fenti

arenyok megtartasaval m6s-m6s feladat lehet a modulfeladat.
Az 6ltal6nos szdvegek t6meja az Atlal1nos tdmakiiriikben megieldlt t6makdrdk valamelyikdbe
sorolhat6 be. a humiinmodul feladatok t6rsadalomtudomdnyi (ircdalomtudomdny, nyelv6szet' ndprajz,
tiiftdnelem, szociol6gia stb.) vagy mi.ivdszeti tdmrijirak; a redlmodul feladatokd pedig a
temdszettudom6nyok (biol6gia, kdmia, csillagdszat, fizika, informatika stb.) vagy a technika
tdmakcidbe tartoz6.
A feladatsorok modulfeladatait az alabbi piktogramok jeliilik:
sa r>i
ti ,,.0,^,,0r. * reatmoctut
1.2. Altalinos t6makdriik

A DExam vizsgarendszer 6ltal6nos tematikAjdt a szintek egymesba piilii tdmakdrei alkotjak !

hogy egy adott szint tdmeja taftalmazz az lev6 szinten sziikebben vagy konkretabl
^lal/.a
meghatArozott tdmdt, pl.: Alapfok (Bl) szinten a v6sdrlds a,,boltok, piac", Kiizdpfok (82) szinte
,,vds6rldsi szokisok", Fels<ifok (Cl) szinten a,,v6s6rl{si szok6sok 6talakul6sa" a v6sdrl6s tdmakii
szembeni kdvetelmdnyek v6ltoais6t mutatja.

Alapfok (Bl) Ktiz6pfok (B2) Felsaifok (Cl)

Csabd 6s rokons6g
Badtok, osztalyt6Nak
Mindennapos tev6kenysgek;
mindennapi dlet
Lak6hely (otthon, hdzimunka)
Tanul6s (tandrgyak,
nyelvtanules)
Csalid (tipikus szerepek,
probl6rnik)
Bar6tok, oszLilytercak, ismerdsiik
(kiils6, bels6 jellemz6s)
Lak6hely (falun, v6rosban)
lskolarendszer, toviiLbblanulas
Csal6d (munkamegosztas 6s
szerepek, gyermeknevelds,
genenici6s problmak)
A barits6g szerepe
Lak6shelyzet (t6mogatAsok,
otthontalans6g)
KoBzerii tud6s (nyehtudes
fontoss6ga)

Foglalkozes (helyszin, Munkahely (fladatkdrijk, Munkav6llal6s (szellemi 6s

m!nkavCgzs)
Szabadid6 (olvasas, mozi,
szinhfu, TV, intemet)
Etkezds (Ctelek)
Vesarles (boltok, piac)
Szolgaltalisok igdnybevdtele
(szelloda, 6tterem, posta)
Kdzlekedds (tttmegkdzlekeddsi
eszkdzitk, ritbaigazids)
Sport (kedvelt tevdkenys6gek)
Egdszsdg (btegsigek)
Kdrnyezetiink (id6jrres,
dvszakok, 6llat- s n6vdn,'vileg)
munkalirsak, elbskeresis)
Szabadid6 (hobbik, programok,
6lninyek, veszlyek);
Nyaralas (kdsziiltids, ritkitzben)
Etkezs (kiil6nfele dtrendek.)
V:iserbs (visa esi szokesok)
Szol g6ltatdsok ignybevtele
(pdnzv6ltAs, aut6szerviz ds egydb
j avittat,sok)
Katzlekedis (tdrnegkdzleked6s)
Sport (ndpszer,t spoitok)
Egdszsdges letm6d (betegsegek,
orvosn6l)
Kdrnyezetvddelem
fi zikai munka, 6tk6pz6s,
munkandlki.iliseg)
Nyaral{si szokasok; turizmus,
utazas
A vesArlrsi szokasok etalakulasa
Szolgeltalisok 6talakul6sa
A kdzlekeds probl6mei
(rithel6zat, kdzlekedesi nodl)
Eg6szsdgiigyi elbtas (szocielis
ell6t6s, szenvedilybetegek,
fogyatekkal 6l6k)
Kdmyezetszennyezds
K6zbiztonsAg (biinoz6s,
fegyvertartes); teft onzmus
Magyarorszig g zdasigi,
politikai rendszere, kultirdja
A cdlnyelvi orszigok kultun{ja
1.3. A vizsga fel6pit6se

A DExam vizsgarendszer komplex tudiist mrii vizsga, mely sz6beli ds irrisbeli rdszvizsg6kb6l till
Sz6beli vizsga rdszei:
. Beszlddrtts
c Besz&lkdszslg

ir6sbeli vizsga r6szei:

. irott szaiveg irlise As hyelvismeret
c iruskdszsdg.

A vizsgen kiilitn6ll6 nyelvtani teszt nincs. A nyelvismeret mdrdse cgyrdszt az irott sziiveg drtdsevel
egyiitl titftdnik, mesrdszt pedig a Beszdd- 6s irdskiszsdg vizsgar6szek drtdkelsi szempondai kdzittt
szerepcl.

Sz6beli
/izsgardsz Id6 Maimdlis
vizsgapont

Beszdddrtds Hozz6rendel6s 30-35 perc 25

Kies6szitds

Tdbbsztirds feleleNelasztes (3 lehetdsdqb6l)

Besz6dkdszsg Kiseliiad6s l8-21 perc 25

Tdrsals6s a vizssiiztatoval
Beszelsetds a vizse6z6terssal

A sz6beli vizsga akkor sikeres, ha a.tizsgia6 a megszerezhet6 50 pontbdl minimum 30 pontot

(60%-ot) eldr igy, hogy n,ind a Beszdd1rtus, mlnd a Beszidkt\zsig vizsgarszben legaldbb l0 pontot
(40Yo-ot) szercz.

irdsbeliMZ
vi
Yizsgardsz Feladattipus td6 Maxindlis
vizsgaponl

irott szdveg drtdse ds Riivid vdlaszt igdnylti k6rddsek 75 perc 25

nyelvismeret
Mondatrdszlet visszahelvezdse szdveebe

Isaz,/hamis 6llitds

Hi6nyos szdveg kiegszitdse

sz6kdszletb6l/4 vdlaszlehetiis6sb6l

lniskdszsdg Levdl 90 prc 25

Fosalmaz6s

Az ir6sbeli vizsga akkor sikeres, ha a vizsgiz6 az elrhetd 50 pontb6l minimum 30 pontot (60%-ot)
szergz (.gy, hogy mind az iratkiszsdg, mind az irott sziveg e Ase ds nyelvishetet vizsgardszben l0
pontot (40%-ot) vagy azt meghalado eredmnyt 6r el.
 l. 4. Vizsgar6szek * kiivetelmdnyek, feladattipusok, 6rt6kelds

Az egyes vizsgardszek kitvetelmdnyei a minim,lisan elvfttt6l (B2_), a maximflisan elvi

kdvetelmdnyeki g (B2+) terjednek.
Minden vizsgardszre dw6nyes, hogy a sz6t6rhaszn6lat nincs megengedve.

1.4.1. Besz6d6rt6s

Ki.iretelmdlt-ek
B2+t A \izsg6zo meg tud drteni kdznyelvi ejtdsben rdgzitett hangfelvdteleket
6ltal6nos 6s tl
szakte.iiletdhez tartoz6 tdmiikban. 6rti mind a taftalmat, mind a besz6l6
ndzeteit ds attitri
megbirk6zrk a kis.e u ajos lelr erelekl<el js.
B2-t A \izsgt\zo meg tudja drteni a legtdbb nidi6s dokumentummrisoft ds egy6b
felvert
kdzvetitett hanganyagot kiiznyeivi kiejtis ds norm6l beszddtempd esetdn.

Fe ladattipus ok

A vizsg6z6 a hanganyagokat hangsz6r6n kereszti.il hallja.

A vizsgiiz6 a feladatokhoz angol nj
utasitdsokat kap, amelyek szerepelnek a feladatlapon, 6s elhangzanak
a hangfelvdtelrdl is.
A hangfelvdteleken brit 6s amerikai angol beszdl6k szerepelnek.
A vizsgafeiadatsor 3 ktiltjnbitz6 hanganyagb6l lill, amelyekhez 3 kiiltinb6z6 tipusf f
kapcsolddik:
l. hozz6rcndelds,

2. kiegdszitds,
3. tdbbszdrds felelcrv6lasztas (3 lehet6sdgb6l).

A 3 feladatb6l 2 modulfeladat, I pedig 6ltal6nos tdm.ijri.

tndkeb:
A feladatokban minden kirdds helyes megvdlaszol6sa 1 pontot dr.

1.4.2. Besz6dk6szs69

Ki;vetelmdnyek
A vlzsgiE6 altalanos ds szaktediletdhez kapcsol6d6 tdmak szdles kdrdben folydkonya!
B2+.
hatdkonyal tud kommunikalni andlkiil, hogy dsaevehet6en korl6tozni
ke]lene mondanivald
Vilrgos, szisztematikusan kifejtett el6adast tud tartani, a fontos goldolatokat
kiemeli, ds megfel
drvekkel tAmasztja al6: sziiksdg esetdn el tud tmi az el6re elkdszitett
szijvegt6l.
B2-: A vrzsgiLz6 6ltal6nos ds szakteriilethez kapcsol6d6 tdm'kbal hat.konyan,
a kommunik{(
zavar6 nyelvhaszn6lati hib.ik ndlkiir tud rdszt venni a tiirsargiisban.
vilagos, er6re elkdszitett er6ad
tud tartani, drveket hoz fel egy bizonyos ndzet mellett vagy ellen, 6s kifejti
a kiil6nbdz6 lehet6sdl
el5nyeir e. hdrrd n) a it.

8
 Feladattipusok
A DExam Besddkiszsdg vizsga p6ros vizsga, azaz egyszerre 2 vizsgez6 van jelen, akik 2
vizsgiztalo cl6tt tcszik Ie a vizsgrit. A vizsgriz6k a jelentkezdsi lapon mgjeldlhetik azt a
vizsgez6tArsat, akivel egytitt kivennak vizsgrzni. Ha valaki a tdrs megnevez6se n6lkiil jelentkezik a
vizsg6ra, a Vizsgakdzpont szamit6gdpes rendszere automatikusan vizsgdz6tiirsat sorsol hozzd.
A vizsga bemutatkozdssal indul, de cz nem szemit be a vizsgaeredm6nybe. A vizsga 3 feladata
kdziil az els6 kettiit egydnilcg, a harmadikat pedig parban kell megoldani:
L kisel6adAs.

2. tdrsalgiis a vizsgiiztat6val,

3. besz6lgetds a vizsgez6trirssal.

Az clsri feladat tinrill6 kisel<iadis. A vizsgrizo kdt rtivid, modulvdlasztdsrinak megfelel<i tudomdnyos
ismerettedeszt6 jellegii szdveget kapi rdvid mdrlegelds ut.in viilaszthat, melyik szitveg tdm6j6t
rdszesiti eltlnyben. Ezutdn a kivelasztott szriveghez mcgkapja a kdrdist, amelyre 3-4 percben kifejti
vdlaszAt. A szdveg funkci6ja a t6ma felvetdse, gondolatdbresztds a kisel6adrshoz. A kisel6adishoz l0
perc felk6sziilsi idii 6ll rendelkezdsre.
A m6sodik feladat t6rsalgiis ktiliinbdzd 6ltal6nos tdmAt rint,
a vizsgdztat6val. Ez kdt

A harmadik feladatban a vizsgdz6k egymdssal tiirsalognak, egy adott jelensdg, szokes stb. eldnyeit
ds hetrenyait vitatjak meg sajat elldspontjuk mellett drvelve.

irtdketds
A vizsg6zd pontsziima a hiirom feladatban ny.ijtott itsszteljesitmdnye alapjdn sziiletik. Az drtdkelds
szcmpondai:

. kommunikativhatdkonysag,
. sz6kincs ds stilus-
. nyelvtan ds kohercncia,
. beszddfolyamatossag ds fonotikai jellemz6k.

1.4.3. irott sziiveg 6rt6se 6s nyelvismeret

Kdwteh4nyek
B2+, A vizs$Az6 eltalanos tmejt
'jjsagcikkekb6l
s szdlesebb szakteriiletdhez kapcsol6d6
tudomanyos-ismeretterjeszt6 iresokb6l gyorsan is pontosan ki tudja sziimi az informAciot,
gondolatokat 6s vdlemdnyeket, kipes a sziiksdges rdszletek megdrtdsdre.
Tudatosan haszn6lja a nyelvtani szerkezeteket. Kdpes a nyelvtani ds lexikai szerkezetek
hasznilatdra iisszeteft sz<ivegekben is-
B2-| A\tzsg6z6 gyorsan 6t tud olvasni hosszabb, dsszetett szijvegeket, Altal6nos tim6jf
tljsrigcikkeket es szdlesebb szakteriiletdhez kapcsol6d6 tudomanyos-ismeretterjeszt6 irdsokat, ds
megtal6lja bcnniik a ldnyeges rdszleteket.
Kdpes a nyelvtani szerkezetek megfelel<i kontextusftigg6 haszn6latiira.
 Feladattipusok
A vizsgafeladatsor 4 kiildnbtizii tdmaji szdvegb6l rill. Ezekhez 4 kiil6nbdz6 tipusi f(
kapcsol6dik:
1. rdvid v6laszt igdnyl6 kdrd6sek,
2. mondatrdszletvisszahelyezdse sziivegbe,
3. igaz,rhamis rillitds,

4. hi6nyos szdveg kieg6szitse sz6k6szletb6l/4 velaszlehet6sdgb6l.

Andgy feladatb6l az elsii 3 az irott szdveg dftdsdt, a 4. pedig a nyelvismeretet md

nyelvismeretet mr6 k6t feladattipus Hiinyos szdveg kiegdszitise szdkiszletb1l vagy a Hit
szij|eg kiegdszitise 4 valaszlehettisdgb'l - kdztl a Vizsgakiizpont haterczzn fiel, hogy melyik
bele egy adott vizsgaid6szak feladatsor6ba.
A 4 feladatb6l 2 modulfeladat, 2 pedig altalinos t6m6ju.

Ertdketls
A feladatokban minden kdrdds helyes megv6laszoliisa I pontot dr.

1.4.4, irdsk6szs6g

Kiiretelminyek
B2+: A vizsg6z6 hatdkonyan tud reag6lni hirdetdsre, hivatalos ds magdnlev6lre.
6rdekl6ddsi kdrdvel kapcsolatosan szamos tdmakdrben kdpes fogalmaz6st imi, amelyben k
drveldsdt, rdszletes leirAst ad, kifejezi dzelmeit stb. val6siigos vagy kdpzelt esemdnye
tdrtdndsek6l.
B2-: A vizsg6z6 ldnyegre ttirden tud reagdlni hirdetdsre, hivatalos ds mag.inlevdhe.
Erdekl6ddsi kdrdvel kapcsoiatos tdmakiiriikben kdpes fogalmazast imi, amelyben kifejti dr,,el
t6bb6-kevdsbd rdszletes leinist ad val6sdgos vagy kdpzelt esemdnyekriil, tdrtdn6sek61.

Feladattipusok
A feladatsor mindig k6t k0l6nbdzti miifajt kdpvisel6 feladatb6l All, ahol az egyik mindig ler
m6sik pedig fogalmaz6s. Egy adott vizsga kdt konkdt feladat6t a Vizsgaktizpont jeldli ki.
1 levdl
. mag6nlevdl,baretie-mail
r.tgy
. hivatalos levdve-mail (pA1y6zati, drdekl6d6, panaszlevdl),
2. fogalmazris (elbeszdl6, leir6, vdlemdnykifejt6).

Mindkdt feladat tdmAja dltalinos.

Az ir6smiivek elkdszitdsdt irdnyit6 szempontok segitik, melyeket tetsz6leges sonendbei
terjedelemben, a miifaj jellemz6inek figyelembevdteldvel kell kifejtenie a vizsgii6nak.

l0
 Mindkdt feladat sz6sz6mterjdelme 120-150 sz6 kdzittti. A fels6 sz6sz6mhatrir tull6pdsdt
pontlevorxis nem biintti.

Lrlelceles
A feladatok drtdkeldse az al6bbi 4 szempont alapjdn tdrtdnik:
. feladat teljesltese,
r koherencia ds kohdzi6,
. sz6kincs,
. nyelvtan.

l1
 2. Bnszf,nf,nrfs

FELADATTiPUS FHuro*roou" F*.*roo*

Radio programmes: Radio programmes:
Myths vs, facts obout llh cennry The wry begi ning ofspace
l. Ilozzdrendelds American history exploratioh

CD track I CD tnck 2

Dying trade of the Sahara

2. Kieg6sdt6s cD track 3

3. Tdbbszdrds A war novel Black Sea treasules

feleletY6laszt6s CD track 4 CD track 5

l3
 LISTENTNG

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Thcre arc 2lquestions in this paper. you are given about 30

minutcs to answcr thcm.
Throughout the tcst you should \\,ritc in ink. you may
writc all your answcN on thc tl
shcet but yo'must transfer your anslvers to the
separate answer shcct. At the cnd ofl
test you will be givcn 5 minutes to do this. you may
not correct your ans\vcrs on t
answer shect.

After the tcst you should hand in both the task shcet and your
answer sheet.

l1
t Part I
Radio programmes

You are going to hear parts of different radio programmes. First you
will have I minute to study the task below. Then you will hear the text
twice. Between the two listenings you will have 30 seconds to think
about the answers. While listening, match the programmes (l-5) to
their main topic (B-C) by writing the appropiatc lctter in the box al'ter
each progmmne. Thcre is one example fr-,'t at the beginning. There is
ONf, extra topic that you do not need to use. Affer the second listcning,
you will have I minutc to finalise your answers on thc task sheet.
Staft studying the task no$.

PROGRAMME MAIN TOPIC

0 A A M),lhs vs..facs aboul 17th cenluty American histotr

1 R ahildren behave accordina to their sex

2 e Differcnt wavs of celebrating Thanksgiving

3 D Statistical data about women's rolcs

4 E Free time activities with pcople ofthe same sex

5 F Spofts events as parts ofThanksgiving celebrations

G Recent steps against sex discimination

l5
F,*, Radio programmes

You are going to hear parts of different radio prog'ammes. First you
will have I minute to study the task below. Then you will hear the text
twice, Between the two listenings you will have 30 seconds to think
about the answers. While listening, match the programmes (l-5) to
their main topic (B-G) by writing the appropriate letter in the box after
each programme. There is one example fr-,4, at the beginning. There is
ONE exba topic that you do not need to use. After the second listening,
you will have I minute to finalise your answers on the task sheet.
Start studying the task now.

PROGRAMME

0 A The very beginning ol space exploration

The most likely theory for life in the unrverse

3 Old CD recordings need to be remixed

4 NASA plans to revisit the Moon

Recent discoveries ofthe Mafiian surface

16
Pzrt 2

Dving trade of the Sahara

You are going to hear a text about the salf trade of the Sahara. First you will have I minute to
study the task below. Then you will hear the text twice. Between the two listenings you will have
30 seconds to think about the answers. Whilc listcning, complete thc notcs (l-9) in a maximum of
FOUR words. There is one example (r) at the beginning. Aftcr the second listening, you will have
1 minute to finalise your answers on the task sheet.
Start studying the task now.

CAMEL rr'ake a 150 mile iournev (0J- Every ueek (t)

CARAVANS they set out on theirjourney.

VALUE Salt was called the (2) ofthe Sahara.

. a(n) (3.) man

LOCAL GIJIDF,
. was from a shepherding family grazing (4) and goats

THE MOST
IMPORTANT camel, sand, thirsty, (s)
WORDS

DIFFICULTIES no road
DURING THE
TRIP sleeping (6)

CAMELS can carrv watcr for (7) travcllers.

. have no houses, no liesh water, no medicines

. live without utilitics such as (8) or telephonc

SALT MINERS
. slaves in fhe Middle Ages

(9) in the 20th century

. desperados in our time

17
 43o".,,
A war novel

You are going to hear a text about a war novel by scott rorow.
First you wi
have I mi[
i."^::11
i
,l:^,::1-o:,"n . Then 1ou \ hear rhe re\r rwice. Ber\ een,r,"'* ii,i.n,ng.
1ou,
nave JU seconds to think abour vour answers. While listening, decide
which answer I
completes each sentence (l-7) and circle its letter (A,
B or C). Tfi"r"-i. on"""u-pf" fOl n
beginning. After the second iisrening you will have rninuie i;'fi;;i;.;';;'an,.v"., on
Stafi studying the task now.

0 In the early 1970's Scoft Ton ow

A became a lawyer
B wrote hisfrst book
coutdn'tfinrt pubtisher
@ a

I Today Scott Torrow works

A mainly as a lawyer
B only as a w ter
C as a lawyer and writer

2 ln his best legal thrillers tho main character is

a lawyer.
A always
B never
C mrely

J The aurhor's latesr nor el lakes place of World War tl.

A at the beginning

B in the middle
C in the last months

4 The novel includes a section about a concentration camp.

A shocking
B realistic
C bizane

l8
5 The personality ofthe main character, Dubin and the author's father is
the same.

A exactly
B somewhat
C not at all

The war diaries of the author's father were kept

A neat and tidy
B in an old suitcase in the cellar
C in a box among his wartime stuff

7 The mother the novelist to use his fathr's lette$.

allowed
B forbade
c enaouraged

19
 Part 3
Black Sea treasures

You are going to hear an interview with a scientist. First you will have I minute to str
task below. Then you will hear the text twice. Between the two listenings you will I
seconds to think about your answers. While listening, decide which answer best complet
sentence (1-7) and circle its letter (A, B or C). There is one example (r) at the beginninl
the second listening you will have I minute to finalise your answers on the task sheet.
Start studying the task now.

0 Filsl lhe reporlel asks the scienlist

A about the seas he has explored
B about a mystical shipwreck he is goi g to explore
',. Q why he keeps going back to Turktl'

ln the Black Sea

A the chemistry of its water preserves old ships
B we can find lots of sailing ships

C cxplorers tJ to protect the environment

2 The scientist
A has written a book about a mythical figure
B has a new theory about myths

C thinks that there must be some truth in mvths

The ancient ship at the bottom ofthe sea was

A discovered by Greek scientists
B found in good condition
C brought up to the surface

4 The Greeks
A wanted to get food from the sea
B were afraid to go to the bottom layers
C became rich by fishing

20
5 The repofter asks ifextinction _ .

A goes back to 2000 BC

B is paft ofa natwal process
C is the negative result ofhis last expedition

6 According to the scientist dramatic changes .

A are rare these days

B are sometimes vory violent -
C may do much harm to people

7 In his last cxpedition they found that deep water sites were .

A used as a trash can

B destroyed by pollution -
C safe from air pollution

2t
 3. Bnszfoxnszsfc

-.3
FF,I,ADATTIPUS SH,rvaNvomrr. F*urroou.
A vizsgia6 A vrzsgirzo
l. Kisel6adis
Non-stop quizzes fot TV viewels Ice Age Britain
vagy vagy
Dis covered : Stonehenge Vil lage Lost in lranslation

B vizsgirzo B vrzsglLz6
The big iss e: Latin Farev,ell to the Jloppy disk
vagy vagy
Hatry Potter theme park planned Cleter ravens prove they're no birdbruins

Trrsalgis a
l tdma: Etkezls
2.
vizsgiztat6val 2. tdma:

3. Besz6lget6s a Is it a good idea to do shopping i a big supermarket?

vi^giz6trrssal

23
 Part I
CANDIDATE A

{Jtext l
q u z programs and hcn prepare
I-:i9..,n':,:1,.,.0"r, i

tretow. ustng thc texl as a staning poinl. you

r
a 3-4 minute talk in answer to the questi(
can use ideas from the text but
bur yo, u," nor a r o*ed toiilllG--iH ;;i i ;"";l ffi rili"i l?ffi 1:
Question:
Why do you think quiz programs are so poputar
with viewers?

Non-stop quizzes for TV viewers

When lTy launches un entirc channe! le.ticated

to.quizzes next nlonth, it will be entenng a crowde(l
lor'iall-in" prugranning u.hn h hus grown rapi,lh in rhe pusr maftet
y:,ir.
Playing along at home has always been
an option with television quiz shows.
Now, however, there
are channels entirely devoted to live
contesrs wi,h v;.*,-."
numbers or send tcxr m".""r",,"
on digital satellite in the UK. while
".,"jlJll::".';T;:: :ffj ;:.:"l',:ffiTr::::::1;::
a number ofother channels now
include similar programming in
parts of their schedules.

ITVI, for example, devotes four hou

stakes are orten hish, wirh thousands ;;il::::,:f:Jfi^ il i"lr1#r,,1Jil1"J;Jii
incredibly easy, giving the impression
that the money is well wirhin the
viewer,s grasp. There is no
guarantee, however, that callers
will get as far as speaking to the presenter, despite
paying as much
as f 1.50 per minute to take part.
Part 1

CANDIDATE A

Text 2

Read this text about a prehistodc village and then preparc a 3-4 minute talk in answer to the
question below, using the text as a starting poinl @
quote sentences or sive a summarv ofthe article. During the talk you may use the notes you have
made but you axe not allowed to read thern out. You will have 10 minutes to prepare.

Question:
Would you visit this village if it was open to the public? Why (notx

Discovered: Stonehenge Village

The people who built Stonehenge in southem England thousands of years ago had wild parties,
eating barbecued pigs and smashing up pottery before throwing their dead relatives into the ver.

This is according to recent work by archaeologists - history experts who investigate how human
beings lived in the past.
Archaeologists digging near Stonehenge on Salisbury Plain last year discovered a large

prehistoric village where they think the builders ofthe mysterious stone circle used to live
The village was shown to be about 4,600 years old, the same age as Stonehenge and as old as the
plramids in Egypt, The village is less than 2 miles (3.2 kilometres) ftom Stonehenge and lies inside
a massive manmade circular earthwork, or "henge," known as Dufiington Walls.
Remains found at the site included jewellery, stone arowheads, tools made of deer antlrs, and
huge amounts of animal bones and broken pottery.

25
Part t
CANDIDATE B

J Text I

Read this texl about Latin and then preparc a 3-,1 rrinute talk in answer to the qucstion belo{
thc tcxt as a starting point. m the text but do not ouote sentences
lsllMll-dlbSillglg Durin g thc talk you may use lhc notes you have madc but you
allowcd to read them out. You will have l0 nlinutes to preparc.

Question:
Is learning l,atin and reading classical literature outdated today?
Why (not)?

Thc big issue: Latin

Will Hutton mistakcnly sounds the imrninent death kncll lbr classical subjccts in

minorily of 'doughty privale schools.'

In the admittedly sclcctivc statc school rvhere lleach thc subject is thriving. (lver the

2002-2007, l2J sludcnts havc taken, or will take, CCSE Latin. ln a similar period, liom I

8l students did so

Tlrcre arc now l6 students taking Latin in thc sixth foflr. Thcrc wero lE last year.
\\,orks ofexttaordinary writcN such as Ilonrer, Sophocles. Euripidcs, Virgil, Horace and
captivate evcn a young audience because ol thcia enduring treatmcnt ol themes all too rc
war, krve, flicndship, the family, angcr,jealousy, tragcdy, suffering, and our shared h

In the cphcmeral, celebrity-obsesscd socicty in which we live. there is perhaps more t

nced li)r thc lirneless, univcrsal qualitics that l-atin olfcrs in abundance.

26
Part I
CANDIDATE B

r'3F

Text 2

Read this text about a theme park and then preparc a 3-4 minute talk in answer to the question
below, using the text as a starting point. You can use ideas from the text but do not quote
sentences or sive a summarv ofthe article. During the talk you may usc the notes you have made
but you are not allowed to read them out. You will have l0 minutes to prcparc.

Question:
Would you like to visit such a park? Why (not)?

Harry Potter theme park planned

A theme park inspired by thc advenlures ofschoolb<ry wizanl Hary Potler is to ope intheUS.

The Wizarding World Of Harry Potter will open at thc Universal Orlando Resort, in Florida, in
2009. Harry Potter author JK Rowling said: "Thc plans I've seen look incredibly cxciting, and I

don't think fans of the books or films will be disappointed." The park will featurc rides, shops and

attractions bascd on Harry Potter locatjons like Hogwarts and llogsmeade.

Oscar-winning production desjgner Stua( Craig, who has worked on thc Harry Potter films, is
leading thc creative design lbr the park to ensurc it rcmains faithful to JK Rowling's vision. "Our
primary goal is to make sure this expeience is an authentic extcnsion of Harry Potter's world as it is
portrayed in the books and films," hc said.

27
 Part I
CANDIDATE A

St"*,,
Read this lcxt about gbbal warming and then prcpare a 3-4 minute talk in
ans\\cr 1() the q
bclow, usiDg lhc tcxl as a starting point. you can use ideas from the text but do noi
lglltqnces or sivg a suFmary of the article. DLrring the trlk yuu -ay usc theffi-, n^--
but you arc not allowed to rcad theln out. you will hive l0 miiutes to prcpare.

Question:
Are you afraid of thc effects of global warming? Wh-r'- (not)?

lce Age Britain

Britain was oncc covcrcd by glacicrs that wcrc almosr 2 kilomcters thick. Amnzingl)..
glacicrs only rcttcatcd 8000 years ago liom Scolland and ldry's landscape
can tcll us
icy times.
But there arc clues that Britain was not always cold thcrc \ere warmer intcrglacial
when the hippopotamus was one ofthc most common animals in Enaland!
But will glacicrs ever return to Britain or rvill global warrring permancntly disrupt
nafural swings fiom ice agc to warl) periods,/ Thc latesl research suggcsts thal hu
climatc changc will be a tcntporary phenomenon tbr a couplc of centurics that may
only
next cold phasc. But thc big question fbr us is if humans and wildlil.c call survrve
a
exccssivc rvanring.

28
Part 1

CANDIDATE A

Sr"'tz
Read this text about a new gadget a.nd then prepare a 3-4 minute talk in answer to the question
quote
below, using the text as a starting point. You can use ideas from the lext but do not
you have made
seniences oi eive a summarv ofthe articte. Du.itu the talk you may use the notes
but yoo not ullo*ed to read them out You will havc l0 minutes to
-" prepare

Question:
As a tourist, would you use such gadgets? Why (not)?

Lost in translation

Is modem technology ready to replace thc old-fashioned guidebook? Pas encore' says Robert
Colvile.
Imagine a holiday where you speak the language perfectly, never get lost, can calculate cunency
conversions without any mental aithmetic' and have a friendly guide mutmuring
fascinating

historical trivia in your ear. A distant dteam? Not iftechnology has its way
Thetoolsarealreadypartiallyinplace:Sony'sPlayStationPoftableoff'ersaseriesofinteractive
city guides produced w ith Lonely Planet, as ttel1 as TalkMan' a ptogram that uses "super-advanced'
ultra-futuristic voice-recognition technology" to tum your muttered English into word-pedect
German, Spanish or what have You.
Even those without a PSP caa hop on the tavel-tech bandwagon: a whole range of
sites offer

text or voice guides that can be downloaded to iPods and other MP3 players'

29
Part I
CANDIDATE B

Sr"rtr
Read this iext about iloppy disks and then prepare a J-4 minute talk in answcr to the
below. using the text as a stafting point. You can use ideas t hut do nol
sentences or give a summarv of thc article. During the lalk you may use the noles you halo
but you arc not allowed to read thcm out. You will have 10 minutes to prepare.

Question:
Do you still use floppy disks, audio cassettes, etc.?
Why (not)?

Fare\Yell to the floppy disk

Aftcr 36 years ol'whirring and clunking. the floppy disk is about to join the video player,
dcck and film camem on thc tcchnology scmpheap.
Thc Hertfordshire-based PC World, Britain's largest computer retail chain, plans to stop

the 3%in (B.9cm) piece ol plastjc when stocks run out. Tlrc floppy, appearing first in l97l t0

back-up of rccords and dala in an easy-to store fonnat, tvas oncc a vital accessory. It $on a

role in such 1990s thrillers is The Net uith Sandra Bullock. and thc James Bond hit

replacing thc rolc played by microfilm in 1960s spy films.

ln 1998 alonc about two billion werc sold, but they could hold only about 1.44 megab)ts
data. Memory cards, \\'riteable CD/DVDS and mcmory sticks can stotc up to I ,000 times

30
Part 1

CANDIDATE B

Sr""tz
I{ead this lcxt about animal intelligcncc and thcn prepare a J-4 minute talk in answer to the question
below. using thc tcxt as a starting point. You can usc idcas liom the text but do not quotc
sentcnccs or gire a summary of thc article. During the talk you may usc the notes you have maclc
but you arc not allowed to read thcnl out. You will have l0 minutcs to prcparc it.

Qucstion:
Which animals do you think are intelligent, and why?

Clever ravens prove they're no birdbrains

Scicntists have revealed an uncxpcctcd candidate lbr the title of thc world's sccond snrarlesl
crcaturc: the ralen. llesearchcrs say a bird brain is no longcr a sign ol stupidity. and could be a sign
of surprjsing intelligencc.
In the latest issuc of Jaierlf;.r ,lnericdn, Bernd Hcirrrich of Vcrmont University reveals
cxpcliments thal showcd that some o1'the tbilities ol ravcns 'surpass those ol'grext apes.'
In one. ravens wcrc allowed to sit on perches fftrm rvhich picccs ol'lneat dangled fr-om a string. To
get a treat, a ravcn had to pLrll up some of thc string. placc a loop on the perch and hold it u,ith a

cla\\,. and thcn pull up another section of string and hold that loop on the perch- Only try rcpcating
this process could a raven reach the end olthc string and get the tasty morsel.
'l found ravcns could perfbrrr this conrplcx scquence o1-actions straight awav,' Ilcinrich said.

lt
P^rt 2

1 EATING

CANDIDATE A

o What do you think ofvegetarian diets?

. Why do you think fast food restaurunts arc popular rvith young people?

CANDIDATE B

. Do you think that a woma.n must be able !o cook? Why (notx

. Why are slimming diets unsuccessful in most cases?

2 JOBS

CANDIDATE A

. What makes a job athactive?

. What do you think about working from home?

CANDIDATE B

. Which would you Fefer wo*ing full-time or working part-time?

o How would you look for a job?

32
Part 3

CANDIDATE A

Tall( about at
Agree or disagree with your partner's ideas, and finally try to rcach an agreement
loast 2 things you see written on your card You can also add your own idea'

DISCOUNTS NEW PRODUCTS

IS IT A GOOD IDEA TO DO
SHOPPING IN A BIG SUPERMARKET?

LOCATION Anything else?

33
 Part 3

CANDIDATE B

Agrcc or disagree uith your paatner's idcas, and finally try to reach
an agreemcnt. Talk abon
least 2 things you sce written on your card. you can also
add your own

SEL]]CTION Of GOODS
OPENING TIOURS

IS IT A GOOD IDEA TO DO
SHOPPING IN A BIG SUPERMARKET?

ATMOSI'III]RI.] Arything eisc?

34
 4. inorr szovrc fnrfsn fs Nvnr,vrsMERET

FELADATTiPUS F"u"A"roou. F*.urroou'

l. Ratvid vilaszt ig6nyl6
London leatls world by scrapping under- I 6s
k6rd6sk
bus fares for

2. Mondatrdszlet Samuel Clemens /Mark Twain Cooking chemistry

visszahelyez6se szdvegbe

3. Igaz / hamis 6llit6s Please Sir! I'm ofi sick next vreek to go to Alton Towers

4. Hi{nyos sziiveg
Ghost dance
kieg6szit6se sz6kszletbdl

35
 READING

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

There are 35 questions in this paper and you are given 75 minutes to answer them-
You may write all your arswefi on the task sheet. But before the end ofthe test you must
transfer them to the sepamte answer sheet. After the test you should hand in both the task
sheet and your answer sheet.

Throughout the test you should w te in ink.

3'7
Part I

Read the following tcxt. Answer the questions (1-9) after the tcxt in a
maximum ofF|VE words on the lines that follow thc qucstions-
Contractions like ./or'l rrr'l, etc. count as ONE word. There is an example
(r) at the beginning.

London leads world by scrapping bus fares lbr under-l6s

Children aged under 16 are to be givcn frcc travel on London's buses in a groundbrcaking !70m
scheme.

Ken Livingstone, the capital's mayor, yesterday announced that liee bus travel curently
available for under I ls will be extended from Septcmber L k will be the first scheme of its kind
in thc world.
Thc initiative will cost Transpod lor London f,50m a ycar in lost fares and up to ,20m to pay
for thc cxtra buses.
It is seen as a way ofencouraging the young to usc public transport and helping those on low

incomcs. lhc rchenre is e\pecled to add 50gJoume)5 a ycar ro lhc pre.enl 250nt
Thosc claiming free travel will need an Oyster smaficard, but thc mayor said those misbehaving
or abusing the system would lose the concession. Mr Livingstone said technology will allow the
easier identification of those who engage in bad behavjour. London's bus police force, the
Tnnsport Opcrational Command, is being expanded too.
The schemc will bc cxtcnded further next year to under l8s in full-time education.
Abolition of thc child fare .structure will mean higher payments for tourists and children from
outside the capital, who will be required to pay the adult fare.
The move gained a cool rcccption from Conservatives in the capital, who accused the mayor of
extravagance. They also pointed out that Mr Livingstone's transport commissioner, Bob Kiley,
dislikes such re\enue-scpprng lrec larcs.
But Mr Livingstone said the measure enjoys wide support. "It is a gift by London to the
younger generation so they can get out and about and this city," he said. "lt is a privilcgc
-cxplore
and ifthere is antisocial behaviour we reseNe the right to cancel it immediately. Anyone carrying
a knife or engaged in the{l will lose the card.
"This uill continue London's move away from car journeys. It should also cut congestion,
pollution and accidcnts by reducing the school run."
Kate Grccn, hcad of the Child Povefty Action Group said: "This is a radical step. Low-income
lamilies typically spcnd a much greater proporlion oftheir income on transpoft and this move will
directly benefit many of thcm."

38
0 Whal age are the (hiklren nho ttill he ubla b ust: the nav sfste in Lt)n'lou?

T-t::;s!aa4!L!!'J!rl Ja
I What is unique about the ne$ plan internalionally l

2 How rvill thc nerv systcnl afl'ect thc London transpon company l

3 What does the new systcrn want young pcople to do?

4 What will young pcoplc whoNanttotravel frechavetohavcwiththeml

What will happcn ifchildren chcat the system or behavc badly on

thc bus?
5

6 Who will hclp thc London transpon company cnforcc the tulesl

7 who has criticised Lonclon's Mayor bccause ol the cxtravagance ofthc schcrnc!

IJ Why is thc new system Soing to be uscl'ul for childrcn'f

l9
 oJpu.,z
l{cad tlre fbllo\i|g tcxt. pul1s of sontc scnlcnces
havc bccn rcnrovecl liom
lh. ( huL'\' th( nn.l .r,irJt,lc
,r(\l n.lt r.r,nr rirc li.r ( \-JJ ,r.,..; -;; i;,
rrr rnr tf\1. l,rr.ti t. 0\I l \ l R \
Jr.tfl lhJt \,,1r .J,, n,,r nced r,, rr:.... \,t r Le
\(\ t .lt\$(t\ r ttr..r,rps. Th(.r( i.:rn..\. pJ(.t/,ij:rt tl,t hccintj rf

Snmuel Clemens/Nf ark Trvain

As his literallrc proridcs insigrrr into thc past. the

cvents ofhis pe*oner rif.c lirrtrrer demonstrate
his rolc as an cvewitltcss to history. I)uring his
Iifetime, Salm $.atchcd a young trnltcd Stntes
e\olvc 1'r'(nn a naliotj (0) L toonc ofintcoational power. Ile crpcrienced the
country.s vasl
gro\th and change f'rom \\'csrward cxfansion to inclustriaiization,
rhc end of sra\erv.
adr'ancemcnls in tcchnology. bie govctumcnt
anLl lirrcign wars. Ancl along thc way hc
ollcn had
sorllcthing 1() sllv.

Sanrucl Clcmcns .was born on Nor,entber

30. Ill5 in Floricla. Missouri. the sixth of seve.
chilcircn. At rhe agc ol fbur. Sarr anil his larrily movecl io rhe small lionlier towr of Hannibal.
(l) N.Jissorri at the tinc. \l,r\ r j.rirly ncr stale (it had grincci
sratchood in lg20) and
compriscd perr ofthc colrnrrv's *estcrn b.r-clcr-
11 was arso a sravc state. sam's rathef o\\ncd one
shvc and his unclc o*,necl ser,.cral. [n fict. il \\as
on his unclc.s t]lrm thel SaIn spent ntan]
bortoocl sLrntntcrs (2) ,lislening to tall tales and the slavc spirituels that hc r.ould eniov
throughout his Iif'e.
In It.17. \\hcn Sam \\.s Il. his f-alhcr dicd. Shortlv thcrcaller lre lcli school, har ing conrpleted
the liiih grade. (3) . Ilis.iob was to arrangc thc typc j'crr cach of the newspapcr's sk)rics.
allou irg Sam to rctd thc nc\\.s ol-thc \\,orlLl (4)
Al lll. SiII hcadcd easl to N-clv york Cit), and philadelphiir
whcre hc w.orkcd on scverrl
difl ercr)t nc$.spapcrs (5) . By he hitd rclut.ned homc h enrbark on a nc\\,
11J57.
career as a
ri'erbo.rr piloton the r\,lississippi Ri'cr. with the
oulb.cirl( ol.thc (,ivil warin rE6r.ho$e'c-r
trallic along the river came to a halt. as did Sarrr.s pilol
career. Inspircd b),thc lrmcs, Snm
ioincd
a voiuntccr (lonf'cderate unit callcd thc
Marion Itangcrs. (6)
In search ol a ne\\,career. Satr) hcadcd wcsl in.luiy
01. lt6l. al thc in\jlatlon ol.his brothcr.
o.on, (7) . Lureci by rhe in|cclio.s hope o|srriking it rich in
Neracra.s sirr,er rusrr. Senr
travcllcd rcross the opcn lioltticr liorn Missouri
to Ncvada by stagecoach. ,\long the journcy Sam
encountcred Naiivc Atllerican tribcs li)r thc lirst
tinre (8) .
.I.hcse
c\,cnts u,oukl lintl a rvav
into his short storics and books. particularll,
Ilourhing Jt.

,10
A' to work as a printer's apprcntice for a local newspaper

B torn dpart by i ternalconflicts

C while completing his work

f Playing in the slave quarters

E who had just been appointed Secretary of thc Nevada Tenitory

F Misso\rri, on thc banks ofMississippi River

g and founcl some succcss at writing anicles

/ as well as a variety ofunique characters, mishaps and disappointments

I though he was working hard in the cotton fields

J but hc quit afterjust two wccks

41
s,*,, removed from
Read the following text. Parts of some scntences have been
it'" t"rt. Choot" tft'" .ost suitable part from tho list (A-J) for each gap (l-8)
Write
in thc text. thcre is ONE EXTRA part that you do not need to use
your answers in thc gaps. Thcrc is an example (0) at the beginning'

Cooking chemistry

Certain foods are better suited to particular methods Roasting meatlover

an open fire f'l-q-'
crisp' colourful' and nutritious'
Gently simmerling vegetables for short periods of time keeps them
and succulence'
Steaming soft fish flesh preserves its delicate texture, flavour
When food is heated, it undergoes three main changes in appearance'
shucture and llavour' This

is duc to lhc chemical rcaclions ( l )- '

cooking generatc different rcactions' as they happen at a

variety of
Differcnt methods of
tcmperalurcs. They may introducc a new ingredicnt, such as
watei or oil These factors' togcther

with the intcmal make-up ofthc food, govem how the chcmical reaction
will transform it (2)

ll/hy does cookecl.food go btown?

All foods - meat, fish, and vegetables - (3)- This is known as the 'Maillard Reaction' lt
over Jlam' in the qve_n' or in oil'
generates the characteristic colour and aroma offoods cooked
a

The Maillard reaction-was discovered in l9l2 by the French chemist Louis Camille Maillard lt
(a chcmical found in proteins) are heated together'
happens when sugar moleculqs and amino acid!
responsible for thc brown colour' smell and taste ofcookcd
(4)- meat'
produces
The reaction
water, the temperature ofthe
But not all cookcd food gocs brown. when you boil something in
footl ncver excecds the (5)-. So it docsn'1 get ho1 enough for the Maillard Reaction to
happen'

Howevcr, deep-fried food does go brown because oil boils at over 154'C'

A vo i)i ng so gg,, ve ge r a b I e s

water' their structure changs

When plants, like vegctables or rice. are ntune"f into boiling
(6)-, to soft, wilted, or mushY
are made up of millions ofcetls, but plant cells differ
greatly from animal cells'
All living things
Firstly, they contain a substance called cellulose in their cell walls'
(7)-
But when their cells

are heated up, cellulose softens and thc plant starts to wilt'
The vegctable ccll walls eventually collapse opening up their structure
and (8)- For most

vegetablcs, this happens within l0 minutes ofheating at 98'C'

42
/ boiling point ofwater (100'C)

B releasin-g water and air

intefls ijies ils flavour

/
/ laboratory instruments

/ into the cooked dish

v brown at temperatures above 154'C

d, from crisp and firm,

/ which makes the plant rigid

,l going on inside the food

t abunch of highly fl avoured molecules

43
Part 3

Iicad the fi)llo\\ing tcxt. Then read thc scntences (l-tl) bclow and dccidc if
thcy arc true or lalse. N4ark thc slrtenrcnls truc ('I ) or thlse (l ) in thc boxes
alicr lhc scntenccs. Thcre is alr cxrmplc (r/,1) at thc bcginnirg.

Plcasc Sir! I'm olt sick next rvcek to go to Alton l owers

llundrccls of thous:rnds ol parcnts arc risking hciiy tincs by taking thcil children out ol school lo
takc ad\ antagc of chcapcr holidays or enjoy day tdps becausc i1 is 'more convenicnl'. according
net rescarch.

Many of those who go on shom breaks or one-dity oulings tell teachers thcir childrcn are ill.
leeling the lie is juslilicd bccausc drcir $'ork patterns makc it dilficult ibi thcir liurilics to spencl
limc togelhcr.
'Ihe study o1 1000 parents Visiting rraior thcnrc parks tluring tern tinle lbund that childrcn in:l

out of l0 irnrilies questioncd Nerc pliryins lrtlant. organiscrs at Flamingo l-and, North Yorkshirc.

and l)lcasurc lslancl. l-ast l-incolnshirc. cillculated uf to,l5(r.0(X) childlon cach yenr rriss a dir)'ol
school to visit attrirctions. Many mofc niss \\ln)lc \\ccks \\'hcn their lalnilies take advanlagc ol
chcapcl holidays.
Neil lrchnd. a spokcsn n li)r the thcnrc plrks. saicl hc di(l not condone what pirrcnts wcrc doing
bu1 undorsl(rcd \\hy: Wc're nol sLrrpr'ised thirl parents trrke thcir childrcn out ol school to conte to

lhe par-ks. A lot ol parcnts work weekcnds or shilis so c0rr only nranage to spcnd the day logcthcr
xs 0 t'anrily by taking thcir kids out ol-school frrr thc chy. lle said nlost oflhe parcnts had tolti

teaclrrr. their . hrld lrr,l :rn trJtret \1,'m.rcll , r' J \ inrr.

othcrs said it \as
sad lhat larcrts \\'cre forcc(l to lic. Marg ret lvlorissey, of lhe National
( onledcration oi'Parent lcachcr Associrti,,nr. s.rrd: lt rs s l bceausc rl rs lcaching children lo Iic
and dangerous becausc childr'cn oticn find it hard to kcep a sccret. nlthough it is \lrong ol thc
parcnts. thc real laull lics wilh the syslcnl lhal pushcs lhcnr inlo bcing devious.'
Morisscy said rrony parcnts lound il dimcull k) tukc timc ofl in the school holidays. Shc said it
was an issuc David Blunkott had synpalhisecl with ls shadow cducation sccrctary bctbre t.ahour

took power in 1997: 'tjnfortunaltely tho n1(rneot hc bccamc Secrctary ol State all ofthose llelings
lbr us \\cnt out ofthe $indo\\'and they set c\cn stiJnqcr targcfs to slop us doing it. Children can ba

in school from li)ur to nincteen therc musl bc a lilnc othcr than the holidays \\tcn lhev arc ablc t0
'
!u it\\ a\
Somc parcrlls argucd lhal children gainecl frorn going abroad. Sarah Ashby. liom llridport.
l)ollsct, rcccnlly took hcr scvcn-ycar-old dauShlcr .lulictle out ol' school lbr lwo wccks to visit
Australia. 'l don t agrec with lilkirrg childrcn out unncccssrLrily.'she said. 'But on thc othcr hand thc
oppoftunity to take hcr to Australia when shc w.rs studying thc country at school was too good to
miss. She learned so nruch. I think there is a.tacit realisation that parents can't alq'ays take timc off
in school holiclays because oftheir circumstanccl.'
Ashby said she was forccd to take the holiday in term time bocause it was thc only time thc

people thcy u'ore visiting werc frce. Bul she adtnjtted it was also ll,500 cheaper to travel.

,or"rr, Un Orn,rh"rl ,1re| toke lheir chil.lre on holiday dr[ing ternl T 0

0 "o,

Most parents inform lhe teachcrs about why 1l!eir child misqgs school.

Nearly halfofthe children in the survey had askcd their school for 2
pcrmission to leavc.

The cost olholjdays is the most importar t faclor detennining when 3

3
children arc taken out ofschool

Childrcn often have an upset stomach or qvirus when the parents take them 4
4
to theme parks.

5 It is often a problcm for chiLdren ifthcy have io lie. 5

Margaret Moriscy thinks that parcnts are forced to put mor4l preqlurc on 6
6
their children to lie.

According to Margaret Morrisey David Blunkctt's attitude to truancy has 7

1
always been c01]si!1ent.

8
Some parcnts argue that l ps can be an exlersion ofa child's educational 8
expericnce.

45
 fr"u.,.
following
Read the text. Choose the best word from thc list (A-M) for each gap
(1-10) in the text. and writc its letter ir the gap. There are TWO EXTRA words
that you do not need to use. Thcrc is an example (r) at the beginning.

The Ghost Dance

Religious Cuh

By the 1880's thc U.S. govemment had managed to confinc almost all of the lndians on
reservations which coosisted ofpoor quality land. Rations and supplies that fr, , _ been

guaranteed to thcm by the treaties were also ofpoor quality and often times, they didn't arrivc.
By _
1890 conditions were (1) bad on thc rcservations nationwide, that the situation

was ripc for a major mo\rement to se among thc Indians. This movement found (2)
origin in a Paiute medicine man named Wovoka, who in 1887, had a vision where hc mct God.
Wovoka was told that he must teach his pcoplc that they must love (3) _ othcr, live in
pcacc with the white people. and must work hard and no1 lie or (4) . Wovoka was
givcn a dance by God that had to (5) perlbrmed for five consccutive days. This
involved the men holding hands in a (6) and shuffling slowly to the left while singing
spccial songs about how Nativc Amcrican life (7) be restored to its former order and
balance. Wovoka claimcd that pcrfornling this dance would also result (8) the return
ofthe bullalo and prcparc thc Indians for their salvation.
News about Wovovka's teachings (9) _ to other Nativc American tribes. The most
enthLrsidstic supportcrs ofthis new cult were the Sioux. Soon, rcpresentatives liom tribes aLI

(10) _*_ thc nation came to Nevada to mcct with Wovoka and leam to dance the Ghost
Dancc and to sing Chost Dance songs.

r.'./..

{ would

y' tn"i'

16
 v)
.\,\
i}) Prri J
I{eild tbo lollo\\ in1] te\l. ('hoose the bcsl word liorn the Iist 1A-Nt)
'fhere
lbr cuch gap (l-10) in thc lcxt- and $'ritc its letlcr in the gap.
afc l\\O E\'l R,\ \'ords lhal )ou do llot nccd to ttsc Thcrc is an
cxlnrplc (0) al llro bcginning.

\ile cr0codile

Nilc crocodile is onc ol lhc lalrllc:'1ofall lhc \'"orld's crocodilcs Alncarlysi\ ntclrcs ln
I hc

1i.-n!th. ilnd *,cithing 700 kg. it is a (i/,1) D frc(Lrtor ol'troth ltrirnals rrrrtl pcoplc. but ilso ll

crrinu parenl. 1hc rrord clocodile' rneilns 'liArd ol thc \ilc'

lhc croco(lilc (l) in Nrit lirr' ;xcy such lls \\ildcbtosl. gizcllcs ilnd /cbrN t() ct)lllc lo

the \\rtcr's cdgc. ll then scircs the prcy rnd uses (2) sllulg tecth lo drag it tlndsr$atcr
,rn(l .ir,,\\n rl lhc clt,t,,(lrltsja\\: (lon'l allo\\ il to chc\\. (-1) it sinDll lcrrls chunks

I rr,,rn thc car.rrss lnd tios rls hcatl hirck to swirllow the loocl. Nile croc(xlilcs irtc (4) 1o

| *,,, .'.,n"nt .,t I ,,tu' 1t",1tt. trtn relrr but thc rtunrbcr u:c(l 1o Ine nltrch highcr'*hcn rhere

I ,,.'. ',u,r".,,,..ul,1..
"bn,,t
t r'*'"titt' rsr c\\ill..nl nrrrllr'rs llrc l.'rrrJlc 'ii':' rh"l' rr(itr rlrc shi'( rrr(l It)'
I
I h"trr..', l5 .rnLl l(rlr cr!\ \hrth.hc eorers lrith sand and gulrrds lit thrcc monlhs. lhe se\ ol'
| ,l'" r,,u't* i\ cnlrel) (o) t)n thc tcrrpcraturc rlithin thc ncsl (7) lhc cggs itrc read)

I ro h.rLelr. tlrc b.rb\ crocodrlct rnakc rr chirping noi\c rnd thc linralc digs thcm trp rrntl hclps
I - ,,, ,*u," sl,. th.rr currr.. thl't)t in hcr nn)ulll to Ihc \illor and looks (l'i) thenl i()l
',',
L*,, 'n,,'"
n,nn,l'".

I ,u, rn.rrnnr.rlt. eri',:oJilss (.rnnot control thcir bo(l\ lc pcratLrrc inrcnralll antl nrusl

L,uU "tn., \\ \\ lo \\.rlm trD,,r'ct ,l (lo\\'n A cr-ocotlile spcntls lhc l)lorllinq basking on shorc
I 1,, *.,nrl l,".tf- tf,.n ir sli(lc: rntu thc rf:rter to prolccl itsell li(nn the (l{J) sun. oPcnine its

I t.rsulu.rll',\\ hcrl
n,,,u,tr ,n e rr rrle 1() cscape. l\ile crocochlcs can ertn tllgbuno\\s to a\oi(l
I,.,,,,,,,,,",,,,',",,,;,,.".
dilc\ l,!,k trngainl]' orr land. thcv can sprint nt l0 miles per hoLrr' irs lesr irs it
'e,
L l]:ll.-"t.
I [i .,,,. T. ,u. llliu". M
I unrikc

lB(l(ncrrd(rrlrr.i"rr.( !
I , (r,, C lics K

I lo rr,,yyyy Eq" l, 'n."*n, I

T 1/
 s. inAsxfszsf,c

HUMAN\4ODUL & REALMODUL

1. Lev6l (6rdekl6d6) Yolu teers needed

(leir6) Arcny JA os Dorm - Yout second home

2. Fogalm&zis

49
 WRITING

In this booklet you u'ill llnd two writing tasks, both ol\\hich you rrust complcte_ Ifyou do
only one task, your exam rvill not bc mar-kecl.
You havc 90 rninutcs to do the tasks and you can dccidc how much time to spcnd on each
onc. Howevcr. you should remembcr thal each task carics cqual points.
Thc rninimunl length ofwords is a recluirenrcnt, while thc maximum lclglh is intcndecl as a
guidc. You should count the numbci of words you havc written in cac-h rask. Rcnember
to writc this numbct-in thc boxes provided The follorving words colrnt as one word: zl)/,,/,
p.nt-, hhk-eted, etc.
You may want to write down your idcas on the blank sheets provided, but please remcnlber
to \\lite your llnal vcrsion on thc lined ansrvcr sheets.

Write clcarly in pcn, not pencil.

You lnay not usc a dictionary.

50
Part I
You are looking for a summerjob while you are studying at college. You read the following
advertisement in the Sunday Telegraph.

VOLLNTEERS NEEDED

Proiect 1cejlol, is a new initiative just launchedby Endangeted

1-asks?
ii, t|."'i ),"r,,,oii, ;t nn*ational orsanisation dedicated to helping
I
animals. \\ e are looking lor-pElligal . adventurous rolunleers to
l+aw w^oh
awd, whew? spenltime in the North ofNorway studying and monitoring rare
animals and birds. The organisation will provide trainilg, - .1 uveL?
accommodation and some travel expenses. Krowledge ofEnglish is
'wv,ot --.
essenrial. ComDuter skitls an ad\ anlage
VLwd,? ,,
Cont(ct En.lallgered Ani
--i--' als Actio on020 8946 5728 ( trocessin"qz
'-/
,
or

info@animalsindanger.com

Write an e-mail / letter of inquiry of between 120 and 150 words to the organisation Ask about
ALL the points you have underlined with the help of the bubbles Do not write any dates or
addresses. Finish your letter as appropdate but do not write your name undemeath'

No-be" of .roo.ds: f-_ l

Dear Sir/Madam,

51
Part 2

You are a student co otdirlatot i\ Arany Jdnos Domitory. Since the Dorm accommodates forcign
students as well, it is necessary to provide them with general infomation about life there.
At the beginning of the school year, you decide to summarise what everybody should know about
the Dorm. In your composition descdbe its:

. location
. basic facilities
. genenl nrles
. ploglammes

Write between I 2G150 words.

Number ofwords: f---l

Anny Jdnos Dotm -!ou second home

 6. Mncolooxul-csoK
BeszErnnrts
Part I

* oud,o o.orru-ln es. Myths rs.facts about llt' century American history

0 2 3 4 5

A E c B D F

F *uo,o oro*ru-rn es:The rerybeginning ofspace exploration

0 I 2 3 1 5

A F C B G E

PLrt2 Dying trade ol the Sahara

i I 450-nile Jo rnev
between November and February
while gold
Arabic speaking / Arabic /Arab

6 I under the stars

electricity / (cooking) fuel

political prisoners

Part 3

* o *,, no,n,

0 I ) .l 4 5 6 '7

C C c c c

S r/r.k s"o z""o"rr",

0 1 3 4 5 6 7

C c B B B

53
HANGANYAGoK Arrurl
Part I

F *udto O.o*.u-,o cs.Myths vs..facts about l71h centut7 American history

When we talk about the first Thanksgiving and the pilgrims, very often wc use the plrase
'thereafter', in terms of saying 'on the Mayflower', as if that's the very beginning, and many
people associate the first Thanksgiving with the very beginning ofthis nation and yet it was by
no means tho first settlement in America in 1620. not even the first British settlement in
America; Jamestown preceded by some l3 years.
Well, in the first paft of the twentieth century I was amMed by this statistic: that the average
middle class American working man would very often spend up to four hours a week in the
company ofother men at his lodge, whether he was a mason, or a moose, or an elk or an cagle,
he workcd all day with other men, and then when he had a chance, in hjs free time, he went right
back to that group, except now not to work but to fratemise.
The first Thanksgiving was a three day fcast, a kind of festival that didn't have a set meal;
people ate when they wcre hungry, food was cooking all the time, it was punctuatcd by all sorts
of games and revelry; it wasn't a pafticularly pious event. lf it had been a fast instead of a fcast
it would have, but it didn't have that kind of piety or religious flavour. What ve see emerging
Victorian timcs is a set meal that includes family gathered together and friends and community
members gathered at one pafticular table; particular prescribed meal featuring turkey at its
centrc,
Hc described a study in which boys and girls were given a variety of toys to play with. Thcy
were frcc to choose whatever toy they wanted. The boys tendcd to prefer Lego's plastic
construction blocks and toy cars and trucks. These were young children, but perhaps they had
been socially conditioncd to choose what they thought were gender appropriate toys
Ten years ago this week the United Nations celebrated a landmark conferencc on women in
Bcijing, China. That historic UN meeting produced a wide-ranging blueprint for action to
improvc women's lives worldwide. The conference also produced some sombre statistics, such
as the fact that half the l'amilies in the world are supported by women and the fact that millions
ofwomen earning lcss than a dollar a day still manage to educate their children.
That became a huge social event and would continue to grow. Certain teams would play each
othcr traditionally on Thanksgiving, and by the 1930s the emergence ofthe professional football
league, the NFL, we see the Lions begin to stage a Thanksgiving Day game in Detroit, and on
radio that tradition continues.

(
-)i
.s' R"dio p.og.",na et Th( ve rv hcg n g oJ .p11, t er pt ra n
t a n i o ti o

0 It was fifty years ago that the Sovict Union launched Sputnik l. lt was the world's first aftificial
satellite. The tiny aluminium sphere with four whiskerlike antennas scnt the 'beep, beep, beep'
signals that worc picked up by ham radio operators around the planet.
1 The original tapes stafled to come apart; thc magnetic coating separating from the backing,
naking them sticky. It's a process known to those in thc trade as 'sticky tape' or'sticky shed
syrdrome', and the remedy is drastic. The tapes have to be baked in an oven. Aftenvards thc
recording can be played, but only once because the process makes it brittle.

54
 Ifyou find life and it's DNA based you don't know whether we are descendents of it or they're
descendents from us, or, whcther DNA is some fundamental feature oflife, no mattcr where you
lind it in the universe. It'd be morc fun if the life on Mars had some completely other kind of
basis fbr chcmistry, but it's probably not likely, because carbon is an extremely fertile element
on the pcriodic tablc. If you want the most fertile chemistry on which to experiment with life,
carbon-based chcmistry is your choice.
The CD itself is onc layer of chemicals on top of another that interacts with light and heat and
moisture like an old 78 does. Eventually that CD will not be playable and eventually our CD
players will not be around. The value of making electronic files that you can put on a server is
that you can upgrade continually.

Does a river run through it? in this case 'it' being Mars. Three years ago the US sent two small
robots to the surface of the Red Planet. They'rc called Spirit and Opportunity and they've been
roving ever since, under thc watchful eye of an orbiting NASA satellite. Recently the intrepid
explorers made a serics of tantalising discoveries. High rcsolution images of gullies and a
number ofscdiment samples suggest flowing water on the planet.

Part of the next generation system that will carry hunans into space after the Shuttle fleet is
retired in a few years. The Aries rocket and the Orion crew capsulc that it will blast into space
are part of the US Space Agency's Constellation programme aimed at sending astronauts back
to thc Moon and then to Mars. The target date for a Moon landing is 2020, almost 50 years since
the last Apollo astronauts visited the Moon.

Part2 Dying trcde ol the Sahara

I've always been fascinated by the Sahara, so when I heard that camel caravans still make the 450-
mile joumey from the Taudeni salt mines to Timbuktr.r, I decided to go and see if this was true.
What I found thcre was the stuffofdreams. Every weck between November and February, caravans
of up to 50 camels set out fiom Timbuktu on the monthlong round trip. Each camel brings back
four hugc slabs of salt, the so-called 'white gold of the Sahara'. A thousand years ago Sahara salt
was literally worth its weight in gold, so the dcposits at Taudeni in what's now nodhem Mali, must
havc been quite a find.
In Timbuktu I started looking for a guide and some camels of my own. This proved quite easy.
Timbuktu is that sort of place, and soon I signed up with Ubatna, an Arabic speaking Moor, who
was the proud owner of three good looking beasts. Ubatna was from one of the nomadic families
who grazed sheep and goats on the spiky desert grass around Timbuktu. Wrapped in his desert
robes and turban, scanning the horizon, and puffing on his cow bone pipe, he looked the perfect
Lawrence ofArabia. I couldn't speak Arabic, but as the trip progressed, he taught me all the words I
nccd to understand, like 'camel, 'sand', 'thirsty' and 'keep walking'. There was no road, wejust
hcaded due North. Fodder for the camels was always a problem, and sometimes we'd keep going
long into the night looking for it, finally stopping to cook rice on camel dung camp fires, and sleep
under the stars. On the other hand, water was never a worry. As everyone knows, a camel can
survive for a month without water, and I found that it can also carry up to 80 litres for ils human
companions, either in leather pouches, nicely traditional, but leaky, or in more water-tight inner
tubes from old car tyres. After three weeks we arrived at Taudeni and I was utterly shocked. This
community of 120 men, one of the remotest on earth, had no houses. no fresh water, no medicines,
no eleclricity, no telephone, not even any cooking fuel, apart from camel dung. At this time ofyear,
daytime temperatures are in the upper thirties Celsius, In summer they can reach 50, that's more
than a 120 degrees Fahrenheit. lt's a posting from Hell. But amazingly I found the salt minels
friendly and happy to talk. In medieval times, they'd have been slaves, then in the 1960's they were
political prisoners, now they are mostly self-employed desperadoes, just trying to pay offdebts.

55
5 o*",,",.,
- ... but first Scott Torow. whosc attempts to get published in the early seventies left him so
dishcanened hc took a law degrce instead. lronically, it was a book detailing his cxperiences
as a youngsler at Harvard Law School that paved the way for a lucrative and lauded writing
career and hc's combined both jobs evcr since. To date he's written six bestsellers, the most
famous of which, 'Presumed Innocent', was also a Hollywood hit for Harrison Ford.
Tonow's high quality legal thrillers all take advantage ofhis dayjob, by featuring a lawyer
at the heart ofthe action.
The latest, 'Ordinary Heroes' is no exception in that respect, but it's arresting tale of two
Americans playing cat-and-mouse in the closing months of World War [I takes him into ne$
territory. The story centres on a military lawyer David Dubin, and Robcrt Martin, the war
hero he's under orders to detaih. It's a story that offers not odly a page-turning adventure,
but addresses important questions about the impact ofwar on the human soul, our dcspcrate
dctermination to cling to life at all costs, and the tlue nature ofheroism. The book contains a
horritic description of a concentration camp, which we also discuss during the interview.
Scott Toffow wrote the book using his own father's war diaries, and I asked him first how
much ofhis father there is in David Dubin.
- you knov it s an odd thing because certainly the hiqh poihls of David Dubin's -*ar
experience dre verv sinilar to the high points of Darid Torrow's, but at a character Dd|id
Dubin is a very dif/brent nan lhan my JAher. My father y,as kind of a boisterous, macho,
somewhat chaotic personality. Dubin is a very bultoned-up, proper young man whose main
goal for hinself is lo be, you know, thoroughly Americanised, and Americanised as a
gcntlemctn. I don't think ny.falher ever envisioned himsefas a member oflhe upper class.
- How did you stumblc on his diaries?
- You know I kind of lmew that they werc there. My Mom had kept all of my fbther's war
memorabilia in a disorganised mess in a large cardboard box. And as a boy I had seen
some of the more dramatic pieces, you know a German MauseL lhe palches of an SS
Officer...
- Oh how exciting lbr a little boy!
- yolt knoi,, dnd lhen the very horrible pholographs thal ny.fhther had taken in Dachau, very
I
shortly alier lhe liberdlion. knew there were letters there, and eventually I asked my
mother vrould she hind if I read theh. M)t htother's been wry generous throughout, because
she doesn't agree vith ererything I've said and concluded, but she gave me Jiee access to
lhose lellers.
- War has a very dramatic effect on Dubin, by the end ofthe book he's a changed man in not
necessarily very good ways...

Blctck Sea lreasutes

Dr. Robeft Ballard lbund the Titanic. PT Boat 109 and the Bismarck, to name a fcw on his
long list of underwater finds. This week, the oceanogmpher and sclf-described "undersea
cxplorer" is leading an expedition to the Black Sea to hunt for shipwrecks as old as 1000
B.C. I met with Dr. Ballard in his office at the Mystic Aquarium's Institute for Exploration
in Connecticut rccently, and askcd him why, when there's so much ocean to explore, he
keeps returning to the waters offofTurkey's nofihem coast.
Well, it's because the Black Sea, due to its urique chemistry, has the best-preserved an.ient
ships in the world. And we want lo fnd them and explore them, because lhere, \,e feel.
because of their high slate of preservalion, we can learn m<tre ahout our ancient histoty
lhan \re could any olher wa!-

56
The Black Sea is where the m)'thical figure, Jason' traveled in search
ofthe Golden Fleece
;;;il";;;"dy theoriz;d that, v;u know, m)'th and legnd are' in a wav' perhaps like
rumors, probably based on some truth-
-i"t,-
,n,
t-)i t"tli"r" most of lhese legends that are carried on through oral
hisloies' lhat
probably sone way' based
i"t, in* t"rg, musr bi such a powe{ul story that it -is'-in we just
".rw
)onn fo"t. w" do"know that rhe Greeks cime into rhe Blick Sea ln fact' Jbund a
So we
6rii n^ tni" n"llenic Period in the bottom of the Black ,Seat wlll-Presened'
"lip in" Greeks came in there, and they came in lhere for food' the upper
irii ,n"l -because
I*e,"o{theBlacksea,ahhoughthebo'tomlayersaredead,theupperlTyersafeyelyfich
';i';
;";i ;;V;;. ;r; ;"j ^oi" to than arouid the Greek states in the Aeseak And so the
Grelks ieit in thereforJish but rheyalsowent in therefor gold
ioiution-of fon, in"vour tast Bhct Sea expedition you found things like mollusk shells
part of a
-ot ii., no* ""tln"t. Andi'm woniering,
;;ii.n;il',;40; is extinction' to-vou'
Ll,. many of us seem to see it, the result of something negative'
"ri'.?r""r"r"i
somethin; toxic,
^
something necrotic?
gh nalural Jorces' some very
W" hor"-r""n dro^otic cionges occurring lo lhe Eatth lhro
violenl. And thdt's iust the way il is. We cah't do t uch aboul lhat'
;;ll,;;;,h*" i;;s then, i'm wondering, as an undersea.archaeologist and explorer' have
uou cin.ia""abt" degradation? or are you seing that things are' maybe'-okay?
'riii.-i'i"*
"een
';i;',;;; )i" intir'ician ships we fouid .e'e io'e'"d in trash',lo{s of garbage bags'
;; "'; ;';;;"2 No,,it,"otiv rhere wasn't anv damase.beins done to them' but
l,;t t*i if"tir"
'd.i-dot'io, i""Zn ancient ship ioveted in trash' Bw I cerlainly have hot see major
ofd""p.oler siles. Buisomelimes whal you see isn't what's there'

57
IRorr szOvEG fRTfsE 6s NyELvrsMERJr

Part I Lorulon leads world by scrapping bus Jares for under- 16s

They are und*/below 16. / Llndel 16.

First scheme ofits kind. / It's the first. / It will be the fimL / It leads the world.
They will lose money. / It will cost money. / They'll pay f,70m more.
To use public tlansport. / To explorc the city. / To get out mor.e. -
An Oyster smaltcard. / A caxd. / A smartcad.
They will / would lose the concession / card.
London's bus police force. / The Transport Operational Command.
(The) Conser,/atives.
They can explore London / the
Low-incorne families.

P^tt 2

* So-r"l Ct"*"n, /Mark Twain

0 2 3 4 5 6 '7 8

B F D c G J E H

F cooking chenxh,

0 2 3 4 5 6 '7 8

C I E F' J G H B

Part 3 Please Sir! I'm off sick neit week to go to Alto,1 Towers

0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

T F F' F F T T F' T

P^tt 4

* nr"n 0,,..
,1
0 I 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10

D H F c J B M E I G

S ril"
"rr"rd;1"
0 I 2 3 4 5 6 '7 8 9 10

D G F K I, H B J M I

58
fnAsxfszsfc
Part 1

Mintamegoldis
Number of words: f1-61
Dear Sir/Madam,
I ah4
Yokr ad,vedtse'/'Le^t fo( voLt ^Leers Lw the s;lt^'daV TeLegraPh seewad reaLLU LtAterestLr^4.
v,//L{vq to Uou beoawe I wal Ld al?reci'tta the oha^Le ta +ewd the suv,wvter Lw gour se^/rce, bul I
har/e soue qwes(to^s.
FL\st, abo',;t the \'tayk, Ltself, whatkiwd af ao y'L{'es \fiLl we be Lwvalved iw ex^otl\? ca Ldwe
get L^to d,a^,geyo&s sitva(to^s? | aw a"sa !/o',.AeyL' 4 how w"ttch t wl we v/Lll be slewdLv.4 Lw
Norr'l]at,, awd \thew exacLL'L, si^ae I wLll have ta ret .r& hawl bt! the A||g'(st uanLPe(Lod,.
JlAew I have sav^t o(esLLa^E 'Lw oaw4olLaw wLth the aooawv,,'odaLLaw. I avw sTeoLaLLU Lrr'j:ersted.
Lwthetupe awd Laoa owof ot.r aocotuv,'-od,altawthere. F Lytherv',"are, I watid Itkt ta Qv\ov/ Lf v^,ta
baslo av'awLedqe of evqlkh \^.LLL q,.&lLfA Me for wo(PLwg v'tLlh a teav'L 4 LvterwatLD'\'aL
voL14r"teers.
FL'alLU, t v.tovLd ndt to ask i,f MU exleyie^x,e Lw word Trooxsirn'g wvLl be ewough for the1ob, or
whethey I wLlL ta kse d.her softNare tao.
^.eed
t LaoP, forNard, ta UotLY rqLU

Ydtrs faLthfulltlj,

PLrt 2
Mintamegoldfs

Number ofwords: @

Aruny trdnos Dotm - your second houe

Ara"4rJ )Awos Dortu:tloru k sitvated, Lw a Peaoefvtl ewvLroww''ewt, ivst It/o PLLowetres fro& the oiLt4
ce'r'lre a' l wi,fhLw walpi^4 d,ktawe of the v\zarest tn^," stoP.
It ffieys exoeLLe^L accowuodati.ow Lw oov,tfottable si''/,OLe stwdu-bedroo&s wtLth shared
bathyoows. RtsLde'/,ts ak,o have ooobLr/'g facLLLULes Lw welr-eql i+led, kkohe/"s aM have aooess to
LatLwdyA roows, a -|r' raovw, a fLtwess yoDw and, tewwLs oo*rts.
we tyI lo create a (Ler"dLA attua+here here, where sooLal llfe Ls Lv,qoka^I. TheYefore, we ?rt ow
oatr'/,ettg'Lw orq halL ever! w\t'tth, a^A ot'Lv olubs also offer v,tawe eve^*:s.
^2w r.he d,orL, e.g.
ftovtever, stvde^Ls are requLred to cov*\Lt4 wtth the rkLes awd YegLlLaliot .s 4
si',Le i.t i.s a doynr'-, svwokLv.g Ls aLlowed owLtd'tw d'Ellwated areas a\.tsLde the
^o^-swaal4'g
b{vLdLwg.
we &Ae ?fld,e Lw VMt di^.g a Wv{l,ot ho'/,!e awag frow- hotv.t , blt Lf Aov \.^/awt ta see for
y'LsLt ow owr qew dag.
Uov6elf, Uow areweloov,',e La paA us a

59
 DExam is a general monolingual English
profi ciency examination designed
at the University of Debrecen, Hungary

because it issues a language certificate recognized by the Hungarian State

because it is communicative and tests your langrage proficiency with lifelike tasks
because it takes individual intelests into account
because it is examinee-friendly

. traoslation tasks
o grammar tsts
. unnecessarv stess

@
Yow language proficiency is tested though tasks relevant to your interest and background knowledge.
A choica between the Arts and Science module is offered at the exam.

(Iy'9
o combined exam
o oral exam
o witten exam
/=i-;-=\
q'DTC-)
. combined exam to be taken on one day
. oral exam to be taken on one day

Exam pa ne The Speaking test is a paired xam where you can seleat your exam partner.
i

I
ii
l
l
t
I
I
Is
l
t
[-

I
t
 DExam intermediate (82) exam

The lntermediate (82) exam consists ofan oral and a written exam part. The two parts assess the four
language skills and the use ofEnglish

Oral exam
I Lisrening test
ll Speaking test

Written exam
III Reading ard Use ofEnglish test
IV Writing test

The requirements of the DExam intermediate (B2) exam conform to the 82 language proficiency level
specified in the Common European Framework ofReference (CEF).

Structure

Exam component Tqsk tvoe Durution Score

Listening test Matching 30-35 mns 25
Completion
Multiple Choice

Speaking test
Talk l8-23 mns 25
Interview
Conversation between two candidates
Short-answer questions
Reading and Use of 75 mns 25
English test Matching clauss to text
True/False staiements
BaDkcd gap-filliq / Multiple choice gap-
filling
lejiii'i==.=.a:t:i?::i-=.. 90 rnns 25

Evaluation

The total score ofthe oral exam is calculated by adding the scores ofthe Listening test and the Speaking
test.
The total score of the written exam is calculated by adding the scores of the writing test and the
Reading and Use ofEnglish test.
The oral or written exam will be j'dged successful on condition that candidates fulfil sixty
percenr (30
scores) ofthe attrainable total score by achieving or surpassing a minimum of forty percent in each test.
 Fut"Afo&

Drbrcccni
e6rEcer{
tOcamnyctvt
ldqcrorr*, Esru,.,n
Rdtpon,

xarn
zPont

DExam napter
Esem6nyek ld6*
DExamTteli tanfolyamok (sz6beli s ir6sbeli) janu6r

DExam Htv69ik tavaszi tanfolyamok (sz6bell, 6s komplex) mercius - eprilis

DExamT nyeti |3nfolyamok (sz6bell 6s irrisbeli) augusztus

DEram Hitvdgdk 6szi tanfolyamok (sz6beli, ir6sbeli 6s komplex) szeptember - okt6ber

*A pontositott 6ves DExam naptar az e1626 6v december6t6l olvashat6 honlapunkon:

www.dexam.hu
 DEXAM HUMAN. fs REALMoDUL FETADATSoRoK ANCOL NYELVB6L
CD MELLEKLEfiEL fs MEGoLDOKULCCSAL

KOZPFoK (82)

A kdnyvet az 6llamilag elismert egynyelv( angol DExam vizsgarendszer

kriz6pfokti (B2) vizsgajera kszU16knek ajiinljuk. Az itt talalhat6 feladat-
tipusok s modulfeladatok megisme16s6vel sikeresebben teljesithetik a
DExam nyelwizsga kdvetelm6nyeit.

A DExam vizsga legf6bb sajetossega a modulvilasztisi lehet6s6g. A

modulfeladatok a vizsgAz6k sz(kebb vagy t6gabb 6rdeklSd6si vagy
szakteriilet6hez kdt6dnek, de tiirgyi tudist nem m6rnek. A humanmodult a
tersadalomtudominyok s a m(vszetek irent 6rdekl6d6knek, a re6lmodult a
term6szettudomenyok 6s a technika iriint 6rdekl6d6knek ajenljuk.

A k6nw a n6gy vizsgarsz - Beszdirtds, Reszddkdszsdg, frott sztiveg drtise

6s nyelvismeret, hiisk4szsdg - teljes humin- s re6lmodul feladatsorAt
tartalmazza, igy a k6z6pfokri (B2) DExam vizsgira k6sziil6k 6rdekl6d6siiknek
megfelel6 feladatsorral p16bavizsgit is tehetnek.

DEBRECENI EGYETEM IDEGENNYELM KOZPoNT

DEXAM VIzScAKOzPoNT

4032 Debrecen, Koml6ssy [t 56.

E- ma i l :
dexam@unideb.hu
Tel: (52', 532-740
(s2) sr 2-900 i 2303r
Honlap: www.dexam.hu