Top 20 Prescription Drugs

Name: Halee Leblanc Date: 12/06/17

For every drug listed below, research on a reliable website to find and fill in the information in the chart
below. Here are two websites that you can use:www.drugs.com
https://online.epocrates.com/drugs Then, create a set of virtual flashcards on www.cram.com using the chart
below.

Once you have created your online flashcards at www.cram.com copy and paste the link to the flashcards
here.

Side 1: Drug name as listed below

Side 2: Classification, brand name, primary and secondary purposes (what the medication is used for), routes
of administration, most common side effects, and serious adverse effects

Atorvastatin Calcium Classification: HMG CoA reductase inhibitor

Generic Name: atorvastatin (a TOR va sta tin)
Brand Names: Lipitor
Primary Purpose: Atorvastatin is used to treat high cholesterol
Secondary Purpose: To lower the risk of stroke, heart attack, or other
heart complications
Routes to Administration: Oral Pill Form
Side Effects: Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic
reaction to atorvastatin: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face,
lips, tongue, or throat.
Serious Adverse Effects: In rare cases, atorvastatin can cause a condition
that results in the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue, leading to kidney
failure.

Levothyroxine Classification:
Generic Name: levothyroxine (LEE voe thye ROX een)
Brand Names: Levoxyl, Synthroid, Tirosint, Unithroid
Primary Purpose: Levothyroxine treats hypothyroidism
Secondary Purpose: Used to treat or prevent goiter
Routes to Administration: Oral Pill Form
Side Effects: Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic
reaction to levothyroxine: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your
face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Serious Adverse Effects: Heart Attack, Heart Failure.
Lisinopril Classification: ACE inhibitor
Generic Name: lisinopril (lyse IN oh pril)
Brand Names: Prinivil, Qbrelis, Zestri
Primary Purpose: Lisinopril is used to treat high blood pressure
 Top 20 Prescription Drugs
Secondary Purpose: Lisinopril is also used to treat congestive heart
failure in adults, or to improve survival after a heart attack
Routes of Administration: Oral Pill Form
Side Effects:
headache, dizziness;
cough; or
chest pain.
Serious Adverse Effects:
a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out;
fever, sore throat;
high potassium - nausea, weakness, tingly feeling, chest pain,
irregular heartbeats, loss of movement;
kidney problems - little or no urination, swelling in your feet or
ankles, feeling tired or short of breath; or
liver problems - nausea, upper stomach pain, itching, tired
feeling, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice
(yellowing of the skin or eyes).
Omeprazole Classification: Pump Inhibitors
Generic Name: omeprazole (oh MEP ra zol)
Brand Names: FIRST Omeprazole, PriLOSEC, PriLOSEC OTC, Zegerid
(Original Formulation)
Primary Purpose: Omeprazole is used to treat symptoms of
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and other conditions caused by
excess stomach acid
Secondary Purpose: Omeprazole may also be given together with
antibiotics to treat gastric ulcer caused by infection with helicobacter
pylori (H. pylori).
Routes of Administration: Oral Capsule Delayed Release
Side Effects:
Back, leg, or stomach pain
bleeding or crusting sores on the lips
blisters
bloody or cloudy urine
chills
continuing ulcers or sores in the mouth
difficult, burning, or painful urination
fever
frequent urge to urinate
general feeling of discomfort or illness
joint pain
loss of appetite
muscle aches or cramps
pain
red or irritated eyes
 Top 20 Prescription Drugs
redness, tenderness, itching, burning, or peeling of the skin
skin rash or itching
sore throat
sores, ulcers, or white spots on the lips, in the mouth, or on the
genitals
unusual bleeding or bruising
unusual tiredness or weakness
Serious Side Effects: None
Metformin Classification:
Generic Name: metformin (met FOR min)
Brand Names: Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucophage XR, Glumetza, Riomet
Primary Purpose: Metformin is an oral diabetes medicine that helps
control blood sugar levels. used together with diet and exercise to
improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Secondary Purpose: Metformin is sometimes used together with insulin
or other medications, but it is not for treating type 1 diabetes.
Routes for Administration: Oral Tablet
Side Effects:
Abdominal or stomach discomfort
cough or hoarseness
decreased appetite
diarrhea
fast or shallow breathing
fever or chills
general feeling of discomfort
lower back or side pain
muscle pain or cramping
painful or difficult urination
sleepiness
Serious Side Effects:
Behavior change similar to being drunk
difficulty with concentrating
drowsiness
lack or loss of strength
restless sleep
unusual sleepiness
Amlodipine Classification:
Generic Name: amlodipine (am LOE di peen)
Brand Names: Norvasc
Primary Purpose: Amlodipine is used to treat chest pain (angina) and
other conditions caused by coronary artery disease.
Secondary Purpose: Amlodipine is also used to treat high blood pressure
(hypertension).
Routes of Administration: Oral Tablet
 Top 20 Prescription Drugs
Side Effects:
Difficult or labored breathing
dizziness
fast, irregular, pounding, or racing heartbeat or pulse
feeling of warmth
redness of the face, neck, arms, and occasionally, upper chest
shortness of breath
tightness in the chest
wheezing
Serious Side Effects:
cold and clammy skin
cold sweats
confusion
dark yellow urine
cough
diarrhea
dilated neck veins
dizziness or lightheadedness when getting up from a lying
or sitting position
Simvastatin Classification: HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
Generic Name: simvastatin (SIM va sta tin)
Brand Names: Zocor
Primary Purpose: Simvastatin is used to lower cholesterol and
triglycerides (types of fat) in the blood
Secondary Purpose: Simvastatin is also used to lower the risk of stroke,
heart attack, and other heart complications in people with diabetes,
coronary heart disease, or other risk factors.
Routes of Administration: oral suspension, oral tablet, oral tablet
disintegrating
Side Effects:
Dizziness
fainting
fast or irregular heartbeat
Serious Side Effects:
difficult, burning, or painful urination
difficulty with breathing
difficulty with moving
dry mouth
ear congestion
fever
flushed, dry skin
frequent urge to urinate
fruit-like breath odor
 Top 20 Prescription Drugs
headache
increased hunger
increased thirst
increased urination
Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen Classification: narcotic pain relievers.
Generic Name: acetaminophen and hydrocodone (a SEET a MIN oh fen
and hye droe KOE done)
Brand Names: Anexsia, Dolorex Forte, Hycet, Liquicet, Lorcet, Lortab,
Maxidone, Norco, Polygesic, Stagesic, Vicodin, Xodol, Zamicet, Zydon
Primary Purpose: Acetaminophen is a less potent pain reliever that
increases the effects of hydrocodone
The combination of acetaminophen and hydrocodone is used to relieve
moderate to severe pain.
Secondary Purpose: Acetaminophen and hydrocodone may also be used
for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
Routes of Administration: oral capsule, oral elixir, oral liquid, oral
solution, oral syrup, oral tablet
Side Effects:
Dizziness
Lightheadedness
Serious Side Effects:
Bloody or cloudy urine
change in consciousness
chest pain or discomfort
cold and clammy skin
decreased awareness or responsiveness
extreme drowsiness
general feeling of discomfort or illness
increased sweating
irregular heartbeat
lightheadedness, dizziness, or fainting
loss of consciousness
no blood pressure or pulse
no muscle tone or movement
not breathing
severe sleepiness
slow or irregular heartbeat
stopping of heart
sudden decrease in the amount of urine
unconsciousness
unpleasant breath odor

Metoprolol ER Classification:
Generic Name: metoprolol (me TOE pro lol)
 Top 20 Prescription Drugs
Brand Name: Lopressor, Metoprolol Succinate ER, Metoprolol Tartrate,
Toprol-XL
Primary Purpose: Metoprolol is used to treat angina (chest pain) and
hypertension (high blood pressure). It is also used to treat or prevent
heart attack.
Secondary Purpose: Metoprolol may also be used for other purposes not
listed in this medication guide
Routes of Administration: oral tablet, oral tablet extended releas
Side Effects:
Blurred vision
chest pain or discomfort
confusion
dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up
suddenly from a lying or sitting position
shortness of breath
slow or irregular heartbeat
sweating
unusual tiredness or weaknes
Serious Side Effects:
Bloating or swelling of the face, arms, hands, lower legs, or feet
cough
decreased urine output
difficult or labored breathing
difficulty with speaking
dilated neck veins
disturbed color perception
double vision
extreme fatigue
fast, pounding, or racing heartbeat or pulse
halos around lights
Losartan Classification: angiotensin II receptor antagonists
Generic Name: losartan (loe SAR tan)
Brand Names: Cozaar
Primary Purpose: Losartan is used to treat high blood pressure
(hypertension). It is also used to lower the risk of stroke in certain
people with heart disease.
Secondary Purpose: Losartan is used to slow long-term kidney damage in
people with type 2 diabetes who also have high blood pressure.
Side Effects:
bloody or cloudy urine
blurred vision
chills
cold sweats
coma
 Top 20 Prescription Drugs
confusion
cool, pale skin
depression
difficult breathing
difficult, burning, or painful urination
dizziness
fast heartbeat
frequent urge to urinate
Serious Side Effects:
Arm, back, or jaw pain
chest pain or discomfort
chest tightness or heaviness
dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up
suddenly from a lying or sitting position
fainting
fast, irregular, pounding, or racing heartbeat or pulse
inability to speak
pain or discomfort in the arms, jaw, back, or neck
severe or sudden headache
sweating
Azithromycin Classification: Antibiotic
Generic Name: azithromycin (a ZITH roe MYE sin)
Brand Names: Azithromycin 3 Day Dose Pack, Azithromycin 5 Day Dose
Pack, Zithromax, Zithromax TRI-PAK, Zithromax Z-Pak, Zmax, Zithromax
IV
Routes of Administration: oral capsule, oral powder for suspension, oral
powder for suspension extended release, oral tablet
Primary Purpose: Azithromycin is used to treat many different types of
infections caused by bacteria, such as respiratory infections, skin
infections, ear infections, and sexually transmitted diseases.
Secondary Purpose: Azithromycin may also be used for purposes not
listed in this medication guide.
Side Effects:
Diarrhea
loose stools
Serious Side Effects:
Abdominal or stomach pain
blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin
bloody or cloudy urine
bloody, black, or tarry stools
body aches or pain
burning while urinating
chest pain
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chills
congestion
cough increased
cough producing mucus
Zolpidem Classification: Sedative
Generic Name: zolpidem (zole PI dem)
Brand Names: Ambien, Ambien CR, Edluar, Intermezzo, Zolpimist
Primary Purpose: Zolpidem is used to treat insomnia.
Secondary Purpose: none
Routes of Administration: oral tablet, oral tablet extended release
Side Effects:
Chest pain
confusion
confusion about identity, place, and time
discouragement
false or unusual sense of well-being
fast, irregular, pounding, or racing heartbeat or pulse
feeling sad or empty
Serious Side Effects:
Attack, assault, or force
black, tarry stools
change in walking and balance
clumsiness or unsteadiness
cough
delusions
dementia
difficulty swallowing
dizziness
hives, itching, or skin rash
lack of feeling or emotion
pale skin
puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips,
or tongue
Hydrochlorothiazide Classification:
Generic Name: hydrochlorothiazide (hye dro klor o THY a zide)
Brand Names: Aquazide H, HydroDIURIL, Microzide,
Primary Purpose: HCTZ treats fluid retention (edema) in people with
congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, or kidney disorders, or
edema caused by taking steroids or estrogen
Secondary Purpose: This medication is also used to treat high blood
pressure (hypertension).
Routes of Administration: oral capsule, oral solution, oral tablet
Side Effects:
 Top 20 Prescription Drugs
Abdominal or stomach pain
back, leg, or stomach pains
black, tarry stools
bleeding gums
blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin
bloating
blood in the urine or stools
bloody urine
blue lips and fingernails
blurred vision
Furosemide Classification: loop diuretic
Generic Name: furosemide (fur OH se mide)
Brand Names: Lasix, Diaqua-2, Lo-Aqua
Primary Purpose: Furosemide is used to treat fluid retention (edema) in
people with congestive heart failure, liver disease, or a kidney disorder
such as nephrotic syndrome
Secondary Purpose: Furosemide is also used to treat high blood pressure
(hypertension).
Route of Administration: oral solution, oral tablet
Side Effects:
Chest pain
chills
cough or hoarseness
fever
general feeling of tiredness or weakness
headache
lower back or side pain
painful or difficult urination
shortness of breath
sore throat
Serious Side Effects:
Back or leg pains
black, tarry stools
bleeding gums
blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin
bloating
blood in the urine or stools
blurred vision
burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, "pins and
needles", or tingling feelings
Metoprolol Classification: Beta-Blocker
Generic Name: metoprolol (me TOE pro lol)
 Top 20 Prescription Drugs
Brand Names: Lopressor, Metoprolol Succinate ER, Metoprolol Tartrate,
Toprol-XL
Primary Purpose: Metoprolol is used to treat angina (chest pain) and
hypertension (high blood pressure)
Secondary Purpose: It is also used to treat or prevent heart attack.
Routes of Administration: oral tablet, oral tablet extended release
Side Effects:
Blurred vision
chest pain or discomfort
confusion
dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up
suddenly from a lying or sitting position
shortness of breath
slow or irregular heartbeat
Serious Side Effects:
Bloating or swelling of the face, arms, hands, lower legs, or feet
cough
decreased urine output
difficult or labored breathing
difficulty with speaking
dilated neck veins
disturbed color perception
double vision
extreme fatigue
Pantoprazole Classification: proton pump inhibitor
Generic Name: pantoprazole (pan TOE pra zole)
Brand Names: Protonix, Protonix IV
Primary Purpose: Pantoprazole is used to treat erosive esophagitis
(damage to the esophagus from stomach acid), and other conditions
involving excess stomach acid such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Secondary Purpose: Pantoprazole is not for immediate relief of
heartburn symptoms.
Route of Administration: oral packet, oral tablet, oral tablet enteric
coated
Side Effects:
Abdominal or stomach pain
blurred vision
dry mouth
flushed, dry skin
fruit-like breath odor
increased hunger
Serious Side Effects:
Absence of or decrease in body movements
blindness
 Top 20 Prescription Drugs
blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin
bloating
bloody or cloudy urine
bloody, black, or tarry stools
blurred vision
chills
Gabapentin Classification: anti-epileptic
Generic Name: gabapentin (GA ba PEN tin)
Brand Names: Gralise, Horizant, Neurontin, Gabarone
Primary Purpose: Gabapentin is used in adults to treat neuropathic pain
(nerve pain) caused by herpes virus or shingles (herpes zoster).
Secondary Purpose: The Horizant brand of gabapentin is also used to
treat restless legs syndrome (RLS).
Route of Administration: oral capsule, oral solution, oral suspension, oral
tablet
Side Effects:
Clumsiness or unsteadiness
continuous, uncontrolled, back-and-forth, or rolling eye
movements
Serious Side Effects:
Aggressive behavior or other behavior problems
anxiety
concentration problems and change in school performance
crying
depression
Amoxicillin Classification: penicillin antibiotic
Generic Name: amoxicillin (am OX i sil in)
Brand Names: Moxatag
Primary Purpose: Amoxicillin is used to treat many different types of
infection caused by bacteria, such as tonsillitis, bronchitis, pneumonia,
gonorrhea, and infections of the ear, nose, throat, skin, or urinary tract.
Secondary Purpose: Amoxicillin is also sometimes used together with
another antibiotic called clarithromycin (Biaxin) to treat stomach ulcers
caused by Helicobacter pylori infection.
Route of Administration: oral capsule, oral powder for suspension, oral
tablet, oral tablet for suspension, oral tablet chewable, oral tablet
extended release
Side Effects:
Abdominal or stomach cramps or tenderness
back, leg, or stomach pains
black, tarry stools
bleeding gums
blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin
bloating
 Top 20 Prescription Drugs
blood in the urine
Serious Side Effects:
Bad, unusual, or unpleasant (after) taste
change in taste
Prednisone Classification: corticosteroid
Generic Name: prednisone (PRED ni sone)
Brand Names: Rayos, Sterapred
Primary Purpose: Prednisone is used as an anti-inflammatory or an
immunosuppressant medication. Prednisone treats many different
conditions such as allergic disorders, skin conditions, ulcerative colitis,
arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, or breathing disorders.
Secondary Purpose: none
Route of Administration: oral solution, oral syrup, oral tablet, oral tablet
delayed release
Side Effects:
Aggression
agitation
blurred vision
decrease in the amount of urine
dizziness
fast, slow, pounding, or irregular heartbeat or pulse
headache
irritability
Serious Side Effects:
Abdominal or stomach cramping or burning (severe)
abdominal or stomach pain
backache
bloody, black, or tarry stools
cough or hoarseness
darkening of the skin
decrease in height
Sertraline Classification: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
Generic Name: sertraline (SER tra leen)
Brand Names: Zoloft
Primary Purpose: Sertraline is used to treat depression, obsessive-
compulsive disorder, panic disorder, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic
stress disorder (PTSD), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
Secondary Purpose: None
Route of Administration: oral capsule, oral solution, oral tablet
Side Effects:
Decreased sexual desire or ability
failure to discharge semen (in men)
Serious Side Effects:
Aggressive reaction
Top 20 Prescription Drugs
breast tenderness or enlargement
confusion
convulsions
diarrhea
drowsiness
dryness of the mouth
fast talking and excited feelings or actions that are out of control
fever