Transformer Stability Test

Transformer
Details
Rated Power 30 Mva % Impedance 30 mVA base
Vector Group Dyn1 At Tap-1 14.50 %
At Tap-9 14.00 %
Rated Voltage HV 115 Kv At Tap-21 13.80 %
150.61
Rated Current HV Amp.
CT Ratio HV 400/5 HV Voltage
At Tap-1 126.5 Kv
Rated Voltage LV 13.8 kV At Tap-9 115 kV
1255.1
Rated Current LV Amp. At Tap-21 97.75 kV
CT Ratio LV 2000/5

Tap-9 is nominal tap of the transformer.

Procedure for Transfer Stability

Differential Relay as well as REF Relay Stability

Apply 3-ph 380 Volts at the Primary side of the Transformer and SHORT all the THREE PHASE LV
after Differential CTs.

Applied Voltage in Primary Side 380 V

Expected HV Side Current = Applied Voltage x HV Current (At Tap-9)

% Impedance x Voltage of the Tap

= 380 x 150.61
0.14 x 115000

= 3.554 Amps.

Expected Secondary Current of High side CT

= 3.554 x 5
400

= 0.044 Amps.

Expected LV sided Current = Applied Voltage x LV Current (At Tap-9)

% Impedence x Voltage of the Tap

= 380 x 1255.1
0.14 x 115000

= 29.62 Amps.
Expected Secondary Current of Low side CT
= 29.62 x 5
2000

= 0.0740 Amps.
Now, for checking of Transformer STABILITY, you have to create a fault on outside of the
Differential CTs.
R
Y
B

High Side
CTs

HV
Breaker

Transformer

Neutra
l
CT
LV Breaker Create a FAULT here.

Low Side
CTs

After this, measure the current of High Side CTs and Low Side CTs in all the measurable points like
FTs, Ammeter, Diff. Relay, REF Relay etc.

Result,
1. Diff. Relay should not operate.
2. REF Relay should not operate.

Differential as well as REF Sensitivity Test

Create a FAULT here.

 R
Y
B

High Side
CTs

HV
Breaker

Create a FAULT here.

Transformer

Neutra
l
CT
LV Breaker

Low Side
CTs

After this, measure the current of High Side CTs and Low Side CTs in all the measurable points like
FTs, Ammeter, Diff. Relay, REF Relay etc.

Result,
1. Diff. Relay should show Differential Current.
2. REF Relay should show Differential Current.

Same way you have to do for remaining Phases.

You can create, 3-ph G fault in pace of doing individual, depends on requirement.

REF Stability

We already checked while doing Transformer Differential Stability, but I am displaying here
another way to do REF stability Phase by Phase.
 R
Y
B

High Side
CTs

HV
Breaker

Transformer

Neutra
l
CT
LV Breaker
Create a FAULT here.
Low Side
CTs

Result,
1. REF Relay should not operate.