1.

a word that can function by itself as a noun phrase and that refers either to the
participants in the discourse (e.g., I, you ) or to someone or something mentioned
elsewhere in the discourse (e.g., she, it, this ).

2.
A pronoun is a word that refers to a noun (takes the place of a noun). > The antecedent of
apronoun is the noun to which it refers (the noun that it takes the place of, so that we do not
need to repeat the noun).

 Compound subjects can be a problem. If the subjects are joined by an “and” then
the pronoun needs to be plural, as in “Bob and Paul took their books. If the subjects
are joined by “or” or “nor”, then have the pronoun agree with the subject that is
closer, or closest, to the pronoun. An example is “Either the actor or the singers
messed up their performance.
 If the pronoun is referring to one thing or a unit, like a team or a jury, then the
pronoun needs to be singular. An example is: “The jury has reached its
verdict.” Sometimes words sound plural and are not, like measles or the news.
These would need a singular pronoun, as in: “Measles is not as widespread as it
once was.” This makes sense if you replace the word “measles” with “disease.”