Professional Documents
Culture Documents
44
J U L Y 2 0 0 9
F L I G H T
A I R W O R T H I N E S S
S U P P O R T
T E C H N O L O G Y
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“If you want to say nothing, write a book. If you want to I take this opportunity to pay tribute to the quality work
say something, write an article”. done by Kenneth. Thanks to his long aviation experience
I like this saying and I must say that over the past years and excellent editorial skills, he has been instrumental in
our FAST magazine editors made use of it as a kind of keeping the level of quality of the magazine at high
golden rule. standards. This is confirmed by the customer satisfaction
For a technical magazine like FAST, the role of an editor surveys regularly done by Airbus Customer Services
is key. He/she must ensure that the quality of the articles where FAST magazine achieves high scores.
meets our readers’ expectations. It’s not an easy task Kenneth will be sorely missed, but after a long career in
considering the high level of technical expertise of our Airbus, his retirement is well earned, so my colleagues
readership as well as its diversity: Aircraft engineers, and I would like to thank him for his exceptional work and
maintenance specialists, pilots, performance engineers, wish him well in his retirement. I feel confident that you,
etc. The editor must also ensure the content of the the readers of his work, will feel the same and therefore we
magazine is well balanced; that the topics are of interest will wish him well on your behalf.
and make sure complex subjects are treated in a way that
is attractive and understandable. Our new FAST editor is Lucas BLUMENFELD. Lucas
(47) is American and French. He has a good knowledge
You may wonder why I am sharing my views with you on of Airbus aircraft having worked in the Flight Test
‘the editor's role’? department of our company, as well as in Engineering as
The reason is simple. FAST magazine is now celebrating a Continued Airworthiness Engineer. His background is in
its 26th year. Over this past quarter century - a nice aircraft interiors’ refurbishment and cabin upgrades. He
longevity! - only two persons held the position of ‘editor’: holds a degree in Surfaces Chemical Physics and Flight
Denis DEMPSTER, until 2004 when he retired, and since Operations. My colleagues and I welcome Lucas to the
then Kenneth JOHNSON. Today, we turn a page in the Airbus Customer Services Communications team and
history of this magazine. Kenneth is retiring and a new wish him well in his new task.
editor, the third one, is taking the relay.
Bruno PIQUET,
FAST magazine publisher
JJ U
U LL YY 22 00 00 97
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A320 Family
S Maintenance planning escalation package 2
Pierre-Jean GARROT
U
B
Alain LEROUX
Publisher: Bruno PIQUET Sammy BOUGACI
Editor: Lucas BLUMENFELD Laurent SEGUY
Page layout: Quat’coul
By taking delivery of this Magazine (hereafter “Magazine”), you accept on behalf of Customer Services
your company to comply with the following. No other property rights are granted by the Events 32
delivery of this Magazine than the right to read it, for the sole purpose of information.
This Magazine, its content, illustrations and photos shall not be modified nor
reproduced without prior written consent of Airbus S.A.S. This Magazine and the Customer Services Worldwide
materials it contains shall not, in whole or in part, be sold, rented, or licensed to any
third party subject to payment or not. This Magazine may contain market-sensitive or Around the clock... Around the world 33
other information that is correct at the time of going to press. This information involves
a number of factors which could change over time, affecting the true public
representation. Airbus assumes no obligation to update any information contained in
this document or with respect to the information described herein. The statements
made herein do not constitute an offer or form part of any contract. They are based on
Airbus information and are expressed in good faith but no warranty or representation
is given as to their accuracy. When additional information is required, Airbus S.A.S can
be contacted to provide further details. Airbus S.A.S shall assume no liability for any
damage in connection with the use of this Magazine and the materials it contains, even
if Airbus S.A.S has been advised of the likelihood of such damages. This licence is
governed by French law and exclusive jurisdiction is given to the courts and tribunals of
Toulouse (France) without prejudice to the right of Airbus to bring proceedings for
infringement of copyright or any other intellectual property right in any other court of
competent jurisdiction.
Airbus, its logo, A300, A310, A318, A319, A320, A321, A330,
A340, A350, A380 and A400M are registered trademarks.
1
A320 FAMILY - MAINTENANCE PLANNING ESCALATION PACKAGE
A320 Family
Maintenance planning
escalation package
Structure improvements are provided by Airbus Planning Document (MPD) escalation. This
Upgrade Services to enable structures’ main- escalation is a concrete benefit for airlines
tenance tasks escalation from five to six years. that can reduce their direct maintenance costs
This article presents the Service Bulletin (SB) related to corrosion inspections by an esti-
package necessary to achieve such Maintenance mated 20%.
Pierre-Jean GARROT
Design Manager
Upgrade Services
Airbus Customer Services
FAST 44
2
A320 FAMILY - MAINTENANCE PLANNING ESCALATION PACKAGE
Structures’ maintenance
tasks mapping
Figure 1
Figure 2
The interval for the vast majority
of structure maintenance tasks,
Non Textile Floor (NTF)
initially scheduled at five years, Glass Fibre
was extended to six years for the Reinforced Plastic (GFRP)
A320 Family, during the year
2004. In order to harmonize all
Sealant
structures’ maintenance tasks Mylar foil
formerly from five years to the Cord
new six years interval, some
technical enhancements were
deemed necessary in areas suscep- Foam
Panel
tible to corrosion (see figure 1).
Whilst the original design fully
Bolt
meets maintenance objectives, it is
Clip nut
clearly beneficial to operators to
Longitudinal beam
extend the check interval.
End
of crown Door sill
FAST 44
3
A320 FAMILY - MAINTENANCE PLANNING ESCALATION PACKAGE
Maintenance
Planning
Document
escalation
SB package
The SB package necessary to enable
Maintenance Planning Document
(MPD) escalations is composed
of one optional SB and six
standard SBs; all of these are
grouped in a package as it is
appropriate to embody them
simultaneously during the heavy
maintenance check as currently
scheduled at five or 10 years.
These SBs are listed in table 1 with
their technical contents and
manufacturing embodiment point.
Focus
on SB 53-1198
Due to the diversity of cabin
configurations amongst airline
fleets, the forward area is the most
customized part of the aircraft.
SB 53-1198 was specifically
developed for this area of restrict-
ed accessibility (being an optional
SB providing a customized solu-
tion per aircraft – in contrast to
the standard SBs that are available
for glass fibre panel installation
FAST 44
4
A320 FAMILY - MAINTENANCE PLANNING ESCALATION PACKAGE
Nomex Kevlar
5
A320 FAMILY - MAINTENANCE PLANNING ESCALATION PACKAGE
Figure 7
6
A320 FAMILY - MAINTENANCE PLANNING ESCALATION PACKAGE
Clip nuts
Figure 8
CONTACT DETAILS
Pierre-Jean GARROT
Design Manager
Upgrade Services
Airbus Customer Services
Tel: +33 (0)5 61 93 28 71
Fax: +33 (0)5 62 11 03 02
pierre-jean.garrot@airbus.com
Conclusion
In today’s extremely competitive market of galley configurations and the restricted
conditions including high fuel prices, accessibility, the concerned area requires
continuous improvement is necessary a customized solution for each aircraft.
to reduce direct maintenance costs In contrast to the glass fibre panel
as it forms an important factor in installation in other areas (for which
airlines’ operational planning. By enabling standard SBs are available), the forward
an escalation of the maintenance interval parts between frames 12 and 24 need
from five to six years, the SB package a customized SB for retrofit.
described above offers a solution
to a challenge faced by the vast majority Implementation of this SB contributes
of Airbus customers. to a 20% extension to the maintenance
Within this retrofit package, SB 53-1198 interval of the A320 Family
plays a specific role. Due to the diversity early generation.
FAST 44
7
FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM - A RETROFIT INDUSTRIAL CHALLENGE
Fuel Tank
Inerting System
also called
Flammability Reduction System (FRS)
A retrofit industrial challenge for the next decade
This article seeks to describe the flammabi- clarifying the technical, industrial and retrofit
lity reduction subject in more details, whilst standpoints.
8
FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM - A RETROFIT INDUSTRIAL CHALLENGE
9
FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM - A RETROFIT INDUSTRIAL CHALLENGE
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
10
FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM - A RETROFIT INDUSTRIAL CHALLENGE
SYSTEM INSTALLATION
Figure 1 Installation of the FTIS (Fuel Tank Inerting System)
ON AIRCRAFT
in the left hand side of the belly fairing
PRINCIPLE
Figure 2
Ullage is the space within a fuel
tank above the liquid propellant.
11
FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM - A RETROFIT INDUSTRIAL CHALLENGE
A320: Installation of the Isolation valve and Ozone converter A320: Nitrogen Enriched Air
going into the centre tank
C35
Ozone converter
Isolation valve
Oxygen
Enriched Air
C36
ASM
Flight
direction C35
FAST 44
12
FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM - A RETROFIT INDUSTRIAL CHALLENGE
Figure 4
It is the core of the Inert Gas Generation membrane bundle contained in a pressure
System. The objective is to reduce containment canister. This canister
the centre wing tank ullage O2 is a cylinder with three ports. There is
concentration to below 12% only one ASM on the A320 Family aircraft,
during most conditions. Each ASM two on the A330-200 and A340-200/300,
is a semi-permeable hollow fibre and three on the A340-500/600.
Nitrogen
O2 Rich Enriched Air
Waste Product
NEA
O2 CO2
H2O
Air
FAST 44
13
FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM - A RETROFIT INDUSTRIAL CHALLENGE
No a pil
for
and pressure sensors of the CSAS
subsystem are installed in the
Temperature Control Module (TCM)
(see figure 5).
Figure 5
ECS
Main Heat
Exchanger
CSAS
Temp Control Module
Ram Air (TCM)
Flow CSAS Heat Exchanger
FAST 44
14
FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM - A RETROFIT INDUSTRIAL CHALLENGE
challenge
of the retrofit Table 1
campaign
Task Task time (hours) Check labor time (hours) Interval Procedure 1 2
The FAA rules impacts around 900
Airbus aircraft in-service to be 0.75 1.2 27,000 Remove
retrofitted within seven years. Replace hours and replace,
ASM leak test
If EASA follows the FAA decision
on retrofit, around 4500 Airbus
Replace 0.28 0.45 7000 Remove
aircraft will have to be retrofitted hours and replace,
filter element
during the next decade. leak test
Ozone
PLANNING Converter 0.58 0.75 6000 Remove
cleaning hours and replace
Under such a hypothesis, a strong
Heat
coordination with every operator is Exchanger
a must. A well-prepared retrofit cleaning Consistent with ECS heat exchanger cleaning interval
and embodiment planning has to
be set up between the operators and Check valve
Airbus to avoid any industrial and DFSOV 1.0 1.5 12,000 Test
Leak test 3 hours and replace
bottlenecks. as needed
1
No special tools or test equipment required for scheduled maintenance tasks
2
Drain cap is opened to check for liquid fuel ingress following no operation
MMEL periods or after a fuel tank overfill
3
Valve Leak test is performed at the liquid drain plug location
and the test port location between the check valves
FAST 44
15
FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM - A RETROFIT INDUSTRIAL CHALLENGE
16
BRAKE-TO-VACATE SYSTEM - THE SMART AUTOMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM
Brake-to-Vacate
system
The smart automatic braking system
for enhanced surface operations
The Brake-To-Vacate (BTV) is an Airbus and auto-flight, landing gear, flight tests, aircraft
innovation in pilot aid to ease airport congestion performance and human factors) under the scope
and improve runway turnaround time. The BTV of a multi-programme project, allows pilots to
system, which will be available on the A380 select the appropriate runway exit during descent
(2009) and A320 Family (2012/2013) as an option or approach preparation. The Airbus-patented
and on A350XWB basically, helps reducing innovative system uses the GPS (Global
taxiing time at busy airports by optimizing the Positioning System), Airport Navigation, Auto-
runway occupancy time and lowering braking Flight and Auto-Brake Systems to regulate
energy while maximizing passenger comfort. deceleration, enabling the aircraft to reach any
The BTV system, which is designed by a multi- chosen exit at the correct speed in optimum
disciplinary team (avionics, flight controls conditions.
Fabrice VILLAUMÉ
Multi-Programme Project Leader
Airbus Systems Engineering
FAST 44
17
BRAKE-TO-VACATE SYSTEM - THE SMART AUTOMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM
Figure 1
LO HI HI
DISARM DISARM
AUTO BRK
MAX
Airbus innovation
BTV HI
DISARM
19
BRAKE-TO-VACATE SYSTEM - THE SMART AUTOMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM
1 2 3
BTV configuration must be done Exit selection with click BTV arming
in PLAN mode / ZOOM range. on exit label according to aircraft by ABRK rotary switch.
The FMS runway is 14R. performance, runway condition Runway LDA must be
Runway selection with click on QFU. and destination gate. cross-checked with charts.
LDG
2
LO 3
BTV HI
DISARM
3 BTV arming
DISARM
LDG
2
Confirmation message LO 3
BTV HI
DISARM
FAST 44
22
BRAKE-TO-VACATE SYSTEM - THE SMART AUTOMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM
23
BRAKE-TO-VACATE SYSTEM - THE SMART AUTOMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM
ROW ROP
(Runway Overrun Warning) (Runway Overrun Protection)
DRY { Symbology
only for
BTV mode
50 ft
24
BRAKE-TO-VACATE SYSTEM - THE SMART AUTOMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM
Conclusion
Brake-To-Vacate (BTV) is an Airbus • Improving passengers’ comfort
development effort for improving the pilot’s during landing roll,
management of the approach and landing • Avoiding missed exit situations,
phases. The well known GPS and the new • And, minimizing runway
on-board airport map database occupancy time.
has permitted this innovation. Tangible BTV system is coupled
value will be brought to our customers by: to a Runway Overrun Prevention system,
• Reducing brake wear and temperature, also called ROW/ROP. This Airbus
• Using less and even removing patented solution offers a comprehensive
brake fans, and efficient answer to the runway
• Relieving maximum thrust reversers’ excursion risk at landing.
usage on dry runways, It can then be seen as a major safety
• Reducing noise level on ground, enhancement feature. Through the
fuel consumption and gas emission, minimization of the runway occupancy
• Controlling Turn Around Time before time, BTV helps also to reduce significantly
landing (guarantee for the next the exposure time to a runway
departure slot), incursion risk.
FAST 44
25
IMPLEMENTING RNP AR - THE OPERATIONAL APPROVAL
Implementing
RNP AR
The operational approval
(Required Navigation Performance
Authorization Required)
RNP is a navigation technique, which allows Navigation (PBN) for which the ICAO
aircraft to fly precisely along a predefined (International Civil Aviation Organization) has
route using state-of-the-art on-board navigation announced that it must be implemented all around
systems and Global Positioning System (GPS). the world. Very soon, operators will have to
RNP improves the efficiency, capacity and challenge their future flight operations. Operators
environmental performance of the global air may have already noticed the publication of new
transportation system. RNP AR will support the RNP, RNP AR or RNP SAAAR (Specific Aircraft
development of even more efficient procedures in Aircrew Authorization Required) approaches at some
terms of fuel emissions, aircraft noise, weather- airports. RNP AR operations cover approaches,
related minima, access to mountainous areas and missed approaches, SID (Standard Instrument
airport congestion (see figure 1). RNP AR is one of Departure) and EOSID (Engine-out SID)
the possible solutions for future ATM (Air Traffic procedures. This article describes the various
Management) requirements and optimized flight aspects an operator has to cover when seeking for
operations, being part of the Performance Based an operational approval for RNP AR operations.
26
IMPLEMENTING RNP AR - THE OPERATIONAL APPROVAL
PS/611
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deviation scale display and the with the RNP AR modifications/ N M 25 N M
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600.552-
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CONTACT DETAILS
Conclusion
The RNP AR definitively benefits • Reduce weather minima in
from modern navigation equipment. mountainous areas.
The Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) Airbus has been developing and certifying
implementation plan is clear. And some RNP AR capability on several aircraft
countries (USA, Australia) have already types. Airbus believes that RNP is the
started to widely implement the PBN future for Air Traffic Management (ATM)
and RNP AR, or RNP SAAAR. and fully support RNP AR implementation
Airbus is also convinced of the operational all around the world. Recently, Airbus
benefits of the implementation of the RNP supported several Chinese authorities and
AR operations. The possible advantages airlines in developing and deploying RNP
of RNP AR can be found to: AR procedures in Yan Ji, Li Jiang, Huang
• Reduce airport congestion, Shan and Lhassa airports, to name a few.
• Improve fuel consumption, The time has come for operators all around
• Reduce gas emissions when associated the world to consider implementing RNP
to track miles savings, AR as a way of preparing and optimizing
• Reduce aircraft noise, the future of their flight operations.
FAST 44
30
JUNKERS G.38 - FIRST AIR BRAKE SYSTEM
Junkers G.38
First air brake system
The Junkers G.38 first flew on flights carrying firstly
in 1929. Two prototypes up to 13 passengers.
Photographs courtesy
of seven. Structurally leading edge of each wing.
the G.38 confirmed to An air brake system
standard Junkers' practice, with a tandem undercarriage
with a multi-tubular spar for the wheels was used
cantilever wing covered, for the very first time.
like the rest of the
aircraft in stressed, Today’s braking evolution
corrugated duraluminum. systems brings the ultimate
The undercarriage was fixed, solution as explained
with double tandem main in our ‘Brake-to-Vacate’
wheels that were initially article (see page 17)
enclosed in very large to ease airport congestion
spats. In flight tests, the and enhance passenger
G.38 set four world records comfort.
including speed, distance
and duration for airplanes
lifting a 5000kg payload.
The G.38, during its early
life was the largest
land plane in the world.
Passenger accommodations
were sumptuous by today's
standards and were meant
to rival those offered
by the competing Zeppelin
service offered by Delag. Junkers G.38
The plane was unique in Tandem carriage
that passengers were seated
in the wings, which were
1.7m (5feet 7inch) thick
at the root. On 1 July 1931
Lufthansa initiated
regularly scheduled service
FAST 44
31
Customer Services
events
WORLDWIDE
Bruce JONES
Senior Vice President
Services & Customer Support
Customer Services
Tel: +33 (0)5 61 93 35 04
Fax: +33 (0)5 61 93 41 01
USA/CANADA
Tom ANDERSON
Vice President Services
& Customer Support
Customer Services
Tel: +1 (703) 834 3506
Fax: +1 (703) 834 3463
CHINA Services and Customer Support centres
Training centres
Pierre STEFFEN Material Logistics centres / Regional warehouses
Vice President Services Resident Customer Support Managers (RCSM)
& Customer Support
Customer Services RCSM location Country RCSM location Country
Tel: +86 10 804 86161 Ext 5040 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Los Angeles United States of America
Algiers Algeria Louisville United States of America
Fax: +86 10 804 86162 / 63 Al-Manamah Bahrain Luton United Kingdom
Almaty Kazakhstan Luxembourg Luxembourg
RESIDENT CUSTOMER SUPPORT ADMINISTRATION Amman Jordan Macau S.A.R. China
Jean-Bernard GALY, Director Amsterdam Netherlands Madrid Spain
Resident Customer Support Administration Athens Greece Manchester United Kingdom
Tel: +33 (0)5 67 19 04 13 Atlanta United States of America Manilla Philippines
Fax: +33 (0)5 61 93 46 10 Auckland New Zealand Marrakech Morocco
Baku Azerbaijan Mauritius Mauritius
TECHNICAL, MATERIAL LOGISTICS Bangkok Thailand Melbourne Australia
& TRAINING SUPPORT Barcelona Spain Memphis United States of America
Airbus has its main Material Logistics centre Beijing China Mexico City Mexico
in Hamburg, and regional warehouses Beirut Lebanon Miami United States of America
Berlin Germany Milan Italy
in Frankfurt, Washington D.C., Dubaï, Beijing, Bogota Colombia Minneapolis United States of America
Shanghai and Singapore. Bratislava Slovakia Montreal Canada
Bucharest Romania Moscow Russia
Airbus operates 24 hours a day every day. Budapest Hungary Mumbai India
Buenos Aires Argentina Muscat Oman
Airbus Technical AOG Centre (AIRTAC) Cairo Egypt Nanjing China
Tel: +33 (0)5 61 93 34 00 Casablanca Morocco New York United States of America
Fax: +33 (0)5 61 93 35 00 Changchun China Noumea New Caledonia
airtac@airbus.com Charlotte United States of America Palma de Mallorca Spain
Chengdu China Paris France
Spares AOGs in North America should be Chicago United States of America Paro Bhutan
addressed to: Cologne Germany Philadelphia United States of America
Tel: +1 (703) 729 9000 Colombo Sri Lanka Phoenix United States of America
Fax: +1 (703) 729 4373 Copenhagen Denmark Prague Czech Republic
Damascus Syria Riyadh Saudi Arabia
Spares AOGs outside North America Delhi India Roma Italy
should be addressed to: Denver United States of America San Francisco United States of America
Tel: +49 (40) 50 76 4001 Dhaka Bangladesh San Salvador El Salvador
Doha Qatar Sana’a Yemen
Fax: +49 (40) 50 76 4011 Dubai United Arab Emirates Santiago Chile
aog.spares@airbus.com Dublin Ireland Sao Paulo Brazil
Dusseldorf Germany Seoul South Korea
Spares related HMV issues outside Fort Lauderdale United States of America Shanghai China
North America should be addressed to: Frankfurt Germany Sharjah United Arab Emirates
Tel: +49 (40) 50 76 4003 Guangzhou China Shenyang China
Fax: +49 (40) 50 76 4013 Guayaquil Ecuador Shenzhen China
hmv.spares@airbus.com Haikou China Singapore Singapore
Hamburg Germany Sofia Bulgaria
Airbus Training Centre Toulouse, France Hangzhou China Sydney Australia
Tel: +33 (0)5 61 93 33 33 Hanoi Vietnam Taipei Taiwan
Fax: +33 (0)5 61 93 20 94 Helsinki Finland Tashkent Uzbekistan
Hong Kong S.A.R. China Tehran Iran
Airbus Maintenance Training Centre Hamburg, Indianapolis United States of America Tel Aviv Israel
Istanbul Turkey Tirana Albania
Germany Jakarta Indonesia Tokyo Japan
Tel: +49 (40) 74 38 8288 Jeddah Saudi Arabia Toluca Mexico
Fax: +49 (40) 74 38 8588 Johannesburg South Africa Toronto Canada
Karachi Pakistan Tripoli Libya
Airbus Training subsidiaries Kita-Kyushu Japan Tunis Tunisia
Miami, Florida - U.S.A. Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Vienna Austria
Tel: +1 (305) 871 36 55 Kuwait City Kuwait Washington United States of America
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