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The exact causes of nontoxic goiter are not known. In general, goiters may be caused by too
much or too little thyroid hormones. There is often normal thyroid function with a nontoxic
goiter. Some possible causes of nontoxic goiter include:
Risk Factors
The following factors increase your chance of developing nontoxic goiter:
Symptoms
Nontoxic goiters usually do not have noticeable symptoms. If you experience any of these, do
not assume it is due to this condition. These may be caused by other, less serious health
conditions. If these symptoms persist, see your doctor.
Diagnosis
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done.
Your doctor may recommend a specialist. An endocrinologist focuses on hormone related issues.
Treatment
Nontoxic goiters usually grow very slowly. They may not cause any symptoms. In this case they
do not need treatment.
Treatment may be needed if the goiter grows rapidly, affects your neck or obstructs your
breathing .
If a nontoxic goiter progresses to the nodular stage, and the nodule is found to be cancerous, you
will need treatment. Talk with your doctor about the best plan for you. Treatment options include
the following:
by Michelle Badash, MS
Definition
A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid. The thyroid is a gland. It produces hormones that help
regulate your body’s metabolism. It is located on the front of the neck, right below the Adam’s
apple. Goiters are seldom painful. They tend to grow slowly.
There are different types of goiters. This sheet focuses on nontoxic (or sporadic) goiter. It is a
type of simple goiter that may be: