philippine studies

Ateneo de Manila University • Loyola Heights, Quezon City • 1108 Philippines

Rizal’s First Published Essay: El Amor Patrio

Raul J. Bonoan, S.J.

Philippine Studies vol. 44, no. 3 (1996): 299–320

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 Raj J. Bonoan, S.J.

Befose Joeé Rizal left the Philippines for the first on 3 May 1882
for Spain, Basilio Teodoro, managing editor of the Dinrioitg Elllpino,
a newly established bilingual newspaper, asked him to md articles
for publlcatiom Arrlvlng In Barcelona in June, Rizal wrote and sent
EI etxor yfrio to Manila. In lin 20 August 1882 iseue the newspaper
carried the eesay, the first piece ever to be published of Rizal whose
crowded llterasy career was to stretch to hls last days in 1896 when
he wrote tJlfimo adids. Rizal sent other articles which were not pub-
lished due to the early demise of the newspaper Gchuiriacher 1973,
3S-34). The article was reprinted by Le Sofiderided in its issue of 31
October 1890 under the pseudonym Laon Laang.
Historians, like John Schumacher, and Rizal’s biographers, li
Wenceslao E. Retana and Ledn Ma. Guerrero, acknowledge the im-
portance of this article, which Rizal wrote at the age of twenty-one
slx›rtly after his arrival in Spain even before being subjected as a
university student to the full impact of liberal thought, in the study
of th devetopzrent of his political thoughc But being an earlier work
it has been obscured by his novels and other essays. When in 1961
the National Commission on the Centenary of José Rizal published
Rizal’s writings in the ten-volume co£ection Escrifos de J‹sé Rizel, this
first article was omitted, more than likely through come oversight,
quite understandable in view of the magnitude of the Commission’s
task. This omission is probably why Ausfin Coates, who relied heav-
ily on the Escntos, makes no mention of it at all.
Both in style and content the piece is classic Rizal. It expresses
intense feeling The prose is oratorical, employing the rhetorical style
and technique (e.g., periodic sentences, repetition and reformulation
of the same idea) of the Latin authors he had studied at the Ateneo
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