Conflict Management MCQ

Conflict Management
In dual concern model the style which represents a low level of concern for
both self and other known as__________.
Avoiding
Dominating
Obliging
Compromising
Third party usually helps, clarifies and grounds each disputing party‟s
alternatives to agreement in___________.
Reality testing
Litigation
Negotiation
Dispute
A person holds_____ power when he influences others by coercing,
threatening, harming and irritating.
Reward
Coercive
Normative
Expert
Research and investigation can be examples of sources of _________power.
Expert
Reward
Normative
Democratic
A dispute between two neighbors can be example of _________power.
Expert
Reward
Ecological
Social
Formal power is exercised in a ________manner.
Bottom-up
Top-down
Horizontal
Vertical
The influence which is deliberate or purposive in nature may be called_____.
Motivation
Power
Integration
None of the given options
When one disputant is forced to litigation then __________style is not
possible.
Compromising
Integration
Authoritative
Avoiding
Dual concern model assumes that no disputant has ________orientation.
Positive
Negative
Neutral
Zero-Sum
In dual concern model the style which represents a moderate level of concern
for self and other known as__________.
Avoiding
Dominating
Obliging
Compromising
Negotiation in which the disputants are the only participants is
called________.
Adjudication
Mediation
Simple negotiation
Facilitated negotiation
An interpersonal conflict in which no participant is aware of the divergence of
goals, needs, or interests is known as__________.
Latent conflict
False conflict
Cause of action
A conflict situation in which the disputants believe that when one disputant
helps him/herself, the other disputant is also helped is_______________.
Constructive conflict
Competitive conflict
Destructive conflict
Cooperative conflict
A situation involving actual incompatibility of needs, interests or goals is
defined
as__________.
False conflict
True conflict
Veridical conflict
Both true and veridical conflict
Conflict causes predictable and destructive changes in the disputant‟s
attitudes, perceptions and interactions is called____________.
Perceived conflict
Real conflict
Escalating conflict
Data type conflict
Meeting one party‟s goals is just like promoting other party‟s goals known as:
Promotive Interdependence
Contrient Interdependence
Positive Interdependence
The first step in conflict diagnosis is to describe the______________.
Conflict
Disputant
Motives
Position
In interpersonal conflict the reality understood by each participant is
highly__________.
Objective
Personal
Subjective
Biased
There is/are usually ___________ source /sources of any given conflict.
Single
Multiple
Sole
Distinct
One can infer attitudes and make judgments about people and things through
_____________.
Perception
General attribution theory
Stimuli
Cognitive Structure
High levels of trust between disputants makes:
Negotiation more efficient
Disputants less responsive
Decrease disputant’s willingness to try to find additional ways to trust each other
A competitive conflict cycle more likely
Which type of trust is founded on control?
Calculus-based trust
Knowledge-based trust
Identification-based trust
Productive based trust
There is a contest among all employees of organization about valuable
suggestions for improving policies for employees. What type of conflict it may
be?
Constructive
Destructive
Competitive but constructive
Cooperative but destructive
All of the following are advantages of understanding the other disputant's
interests except:
It helps user visualize and recognize alternate ways to meet goals
It creates greater inflexibility in coming to settlement
It ensures user doesn’t miss an optimal resolution
It enables user to evaluate whether some interests could be met outside the conflict
Focusing only on resource aspects of a conflict leads to
Zero-sum thinking
A competitive approach to resolution
A cooperative approach to resolution
Zero-sum thinking and a competitive approach to resolution
Where the disputants aren't fighting about what's really bothering them, the
conflict is:
Misplaced
Misattributed
Misaligned
Displaced
The meaning of language or behavior may be misunderstood, causing a _____
conflict.
Preferences and nuisances
Data-type
Resource
Communication
In the final step, Step Seven, disputants put the option into practice, which in
turn creates a new:
Stimulus
Action
Option
None of the above is correct
The conflict gamer reacts to conflict by:
Avoiding it
Feeling traumatized by it
Not preparing for it
Postponing negotiation
The form of negotiation in which the negotiation is facilitated by a neutral third
party is:
Mediation
Agent or advocate-assisted negotiation
Nonbinding evaluation
Arbitration
both self and other known as__________.
Avoiding
Dominating
Obliging
Compromising
Reality testing
Litigation
Negotiation
Dispute
threatening, harming and irritating.
Reward
Coercive
Normative
Expert
Expert
Reward
Normative
Democratic
Expert
Reward
Ecological
Social
Bottom-up
Top-down
Horizontal
Vertical
Motivation
Power
Integration
possible.
Compromising
Integration
Authoritative
Avoiding
Positive
Negative
Neutral
Zero-Sum
for self and other known as__________.
Avoiding
Dominating
Obliging
Compromising
An accurate estimate of BATNA:
Allows disputant in making irrational choices about when to continue
negotiating, when to accept an offer, and when to stop
Allows being unduly pressured into settlement
Prevents team to accept a deal better than the BATNA without hesitation;
prevents lost opportunities to make good deals
Allows team to make better choices about how to exert its relationship power
in the negotiation
Impressions formed about people that are based upon fitting the person
into various categories are a type of impression called:
Data processing
Systemic processing
Category-based processing
Detail processing
The mental processes which are used unconsciously to reinforce
stereotypes include all of the following except:
Ignoring
Over interpretation
Explaining away
All of the above are correct
When we try to associate with the information previously assumed even if we
get information about a certain phenomenon, we tend to___________ in
process of stereotype.
Ignore
Explain away
Agree
Challenge
Extending a pre assumed perception and confirming it with small piece
of information is which type of mental process of stereotyping?
Selecting Weighting Processes
Stereotype over interpretation
Stereotype-consistent perception
Explaining away
_____________ processing is more accurate, but ________ processing is
faster
and easier.
Systematic, category-based
Category-based, systematic
Dual, systematic
Group, Systematic
The mediator‟s primary function is to promote effective negotiation in:
Facilitative mediation
Evaluative mediation
Nonbinding evaluations
Mediation
In mediation:
There may not be a settlement since the disputants may not come to
agreement
If there is some settlement it is permanent
The settlement is usually verbal
Settlements reached in mediation are not enforceable contracts
An advantage of “evaluative” mediation is that it:
Helps each disputant to fine-tune his or her BATNA for accuracy and to modify
it if it is too optimistic
Is the best form of mediation in inducing the disputants to use principled
negotiation
Is the best form of mediation in improving the disputants’ relationship
All of mentioned options
In general, settlements reached in mediation, once formalized, are:
Unenforceable
Enforceable to the same extent as court orders
Enforceable to the same extent as contracts, and subject to the same defenses
Enforceable, but void able by any disputant who wishes to opt out of the
agreement
“To facilitate Collaborating/Integrating negotiation between the disputants”
is the goal of which type of mediation?
Triage mediation
Bargaining-based mediation
Therapeutic mediation
Pure mediation
Which of the following types of mediation has narrow and evaluative focus?
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
In which sort of mediation are due process problems the most likely to occur?
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
Transformative mediation
Sara is a triage mediator, Warda is a pure mediator, Afifa is a
transformative mediator, and Faria is a bargaining-based mediator. Which of
these mediators is more likely to try to encourage her clients to get a fair
agreement through compromising?
Sara
Warda
Afifa
Faria
Most informal arbitration is probably __________________ than most
facilitative mediation.
Quicker and less expensive
Quicker but more expensive
Slower but less expensive
Slower and more expensive
The purpose of pure mediation would be most accurately stated as:
Getting a settlement as quickly as possible
Getting a fair compromise
Facilitating principled bargaining or similar collaborative negotiation so that
settlement can result
Healing the disputants emotionally
Potential mediation client Ms. B complained that she wanted to reach
settlement in mediation, but the mediator didn‟t seem at all concerned with
helping the parties reach settlement, or even to negotiate. Which of the
following forms of mediation did this mediator probably practice?
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
Mediation:
Indirectly promotes cooperation
Can enhance or preserve relationships
Can create mistrust
Some time unable to create more optimal solutions than processes that do not
directly promote cooperation
I want to save time and money.” Taking in to consideration the advantages and
disadvantages of different type of dispute resolution methods, which of the
following is best method to be adopted for the statement given above?
Legislation
Mediation
Negotiation
Adjudication
In issue clarification stage in the process of mediation, _______________
mediation generally focuses on analyzing interests of disputants and on
avoiding positional bargaining.
Evaluative
Facilitative
Category based
Non-binding
In which type of mediation mediator takes the time to ensure that he or she
has no prior dealings with either disputant that might create a conflict of
interest?
Facilitative
Evaluative
Both facilitative and evaluative
Neither facilitative nor evaluative
Which of the following introductory statements by a mediator is MOST LIKELY
to lead to improved cooperation between the mediating disputants?
“The purpose of this mediation is for you to decide whether plaintiff’s or defendant’s
version of the issue will prevail.”
“Mediation is a way for the two of you to seek creative solutions to your
conflict that address your unique situation and leave neither of you feeling
victimized.”
“Now I’d like each of you to state your positions.”
One DISADVANTAGE of caucusing in mediation is that:
The mediator is prevented from using evaluative tactics
Caucusing does not promote integrating/collaborating
Caucusing prevents the mediator from learning about issues the disputants feel
uncomfortable discussing in front of one another
Caucusing promotes principled negotiation
Confidentiality in mediation is:
Entirely determined by statute
Determined by statute, court rule, or contract, depending on the jurisdiction
and the type of mediation
Ordered by the mediator in appropriate cases
A myth; mediation is not confidential
Concerns over whether a mediator should be able to testify in subsequent
litigation raise issues of:
Effectiveness
Confidentiality
Participation
Enforceability
Many scholars recognize advantages of arbitration over litigation. These
advantages include:
Expertise of a specialized tribunal
Fewer saving in time and expense
Less compliance with arbitration awards
Arbitrator’s decision serves as precedent in all similar cases throughout the country
Which of the following is not advantage of arbitration?
Low Cost relative to Litigation
Intermediary involved
Legally Binding Nature
International Enforceability
__________ is potentially cheaper and faster than______________.
Non-binding evaluation, litigation
Litigation, Non-binding evaluation
Litigation, ADR
ADR, Litigation
called________.
Adjudication
Mediation
Simple negotiation
Latent conflict
False conflict
Cause of action
defined
as__________.
False conflict
True conflict
Veridical conflict
Perceived conflict
Real conflict
Escalating conflict
Data type conflict
Conflict
Disputant
Motives
Position
In interpersonal conflict the reality understood by each participant is
highly__________.
Objective
Personal
Subjective
Biased
Single
Multiple
Sole
Distinct
_____________.
Perception
General attribution theory
Stimuli
Cognitive Structure
Which of the following statement is misperception about conflict?
Conflict levels are segregated into multiple situations
Delaying the conflicts may leads to destructive behavior
Conflicts are only created to gain benefits
Conflict not always leads to an anger
Which of the following does not restrict innovations?
Proficiency lack
Efficient outcomes
Limited resources
Ongoing systems
Application of ADR is promoted in which of the following type of culture?
Collectivist
Communist
Monopolistic
Individualistic
Customer remained dissatisfied with the shopkeeper‟s demonstration about
the product, it leads to which of the following?
Dispute
Collision
Distortion
Confusion
Which of the following is NOT an important tip for a driver to survive in a
Fender-Bender?
Exchange information
Keep calm
Call the police
Start a row
All of the following are dimensions of issue perspective of conflict EXCEPT:
Joint Vs Individual
Process Vs Outcome
Tangible Vs Intangible
Narrow Vs Broad focus
A conflict which is purely internal and does not involve any other person, is:
Interpersonal conflict
Intrapersonal conflict
Interpretive conflict
Not a conflict
Which of the following is an internal urge to give good performance and which
forces for creativity & innovation?
Reinforcement
Determination
Confidence
Motivation
While identifying interpersonal conflicts, it is necessary to indicate:
The interests of all involved parties
The disputants of a particular conflict
The divergent goals of all disputants
All of the given options
Many conflicting situations may have more than one:
Activity conflict
Agency conflict
Why it is important to focus on resources in order to diagnose a conflict?
Helpful in finding other sources of conflict
Identify underlying reasons of conflict
Identify best available option
The conflict which arises over personal beliefs and deeply held morals &
ethics is termed as:
Differences in orientation
Conflict over facts
Conflicts over deeply held values
Threats to self-concept and world view
Which of the following truly explains the situation in which the disputants are
not focusing the real facts and figures of conflict?
Dislodged conflict
Misplaced conflict
misaligned conflict
Misattributed conflict
Conflict can be taken as a challenge and could be transformed into a/an:
Threat
System
Opportunity
Weakness
You are a negotiator of party „A‟ and negotiator of party „B‟ is exchanging the
ideas about his party's principles, values and preferences. You are analyzing
the:
Constituents & stake holder’s interests
Other disputant’s interests
Disputant‟s interests
Own interests
interests, EXCEPT:
Disputant is restricted with his own ideas
Craft proposals that are acceptable to others
Avoidance of positional bargaining
Limit later sabotage that may arouse
According to Abraham Maslow, the most basic needs are:
Safety needs
Security needs
Physiological needs
Psychological needs
The stances of disputants in an interpersonal conflict are known as:
Position
Interests
Bargaining
Negotiation
According to the Deutsch's theory which of the following is that cooperation
begets?
Exacerbation
Competition
Cooperation
Escalation
Who said, “If thou are a master, be some time blind; if a servant, sometimes
deaf”?
Robert Gaits
Robert Frost
Thomas Fuller
Thomas Millar
Which of the following negotiation style causes loss of both opportunities and
benefits?
Accommodating style
Compromising style
Dominating style
Avoiding style
Which of the following is relevant to the misperception about conflict
management?
Increases the possibility to impair a positive resolution
Reduces the alternative ways to handle conflict
It always leads to become more vicious
Which of the following is a clear picture of Individualistic culture?
It provides more opportunities to promote an individual
Its preferences and structures tend to be invisible to inhabitants
It provides more opportunities to handle a conflict in a better way
A social conflict as compared to the corporate conflicts can be considered as:
Low risky
More risky
Risk free
Conflict is largely considered as:
Global phenomenon
Perceived phenomenon
Destructive phenomenon
Constructive phenomenon
Theory of Social Ecology includes which of the following important
institutions for operation of all human beings?
Mass media
Court systems
School Organizations
All of the given institutions
Which of the following outcomes of a conflict are being observed in the
specific context of Pakistan?
Opportunity for change
Win-win situation
Competition
Positive
Which of the following is the purpose of adoption of ADR by “Efficiency
Wing”?
Divert cases to litigation
Save time & money
Elapse conflict for long time
Create win-win situation
After receiving social stimuli, people assign meaning to what they have
experienced, which is known as:
Interpretation
Perception
Reception
Stimulus
Which of the following type of justice refers to the fairness of the process?
Distributive
Competitive
Procedural
Substantive
The only constant thing in this world is:
Values
Change
Conflict
Perception
Which of the following method of negotiation involves only one neutral party
to resolve a conflict among disputants?
Mediation
Simple negotiation
Unassisted negotiation
Negotiation with advocates
Which one of the following is likely to be highest level of trust?

Calculus-based
Experience-based
Knowledge-based
Identification-based
One of the parties is willing to take a risk that s/he will lose for the opportunity
to obtain a huge recovery is what type of barrier in conflict resolution?
Jackpot syndrome
Lack of ripeness
Loss aversion
Mistrust
Which of the following style demonstrates a low level of concern for a person
himself and a high level of concern for others?
Compromising
Integrating
Obliging
Avoiding
A manager of the restaurant has dismissed the waiter from his job because he
served rotten food to a customer. This is the example of what type of power?
Referent power
Coercive power
Normative power
Reward power
Physical strength is the source of which power?
Coercive power
Referent power
Normative power
Expert power
Diversity issues are related to all of the following, EXCEPT:

Power
Culture
Stereotyping
Compromise
The type of power which influences people by offering them something

they want, is known as:
Reward power
Normative power
Coercive power
Referent power
In stereotyping we draw inferences about a person‟s:

Past, present and future
Anticipated traits and behaviors based on logic
Anticipated behaviors based on his/her social category
Over emphasis on a piece of information which may not be so important to

determine a certain event, is representing which of the following aspect of
stereotype?
Explaining away
Stereotype consistent perception
The mediator‟s primary function is to narrow the gap between extreme

disputants' positions by providing evaluations of the merits of the dispute in:
Mediation
Which of the following is the most basic form of nonbinding evaluation

consisting of an adjudication process and its outcome is not obligatory?
Summary jury trial

Neutral evaluation
Minitrial
Nonbinding arbitration
In which of the following, entities are created by contract to resolve disputes

as they arise in the course of ongoing projects?
Summary jury trial
Neutral evaluation
Dispute review board
The process of negotiation refers to all of the following, EXCEPT:

The communication between parties
The relationships among parties
The bone of contention
The styles parties adopt
Which of the following is a legal process whereby a neutral third party hears
the dispute and issues an award?
Litigation
Mediation
Arbitration
Collaboration
The suggested hierarchy of ADR methods suggests that:

Evaluative mediation should come first
Facilitative mediation should come first
Nonbinding evaluation should come first
Nonconsensual processes should come first
Which of the following is a clear picture of Individualistic culture?

It provides more opportunities to promote an individual
Its preferences and structures tend to be invisible to inhabitants
It provides more opportunities to handle a conflict in a better way
Theory of Social Ecology includes which of the following important

institutions for operation of all human beings?
Mass media
Court systems
School Organizations
All of the given institutions
Which of the following is/are the motivating factor/s for the individual during a
conflict?
Principles
Aspirations
Values
Which of the following power is the flip side of Coercive power?

Reward/exchange power
Normative power
Expert power
Referent power
The major problem with stereotyping is/are:

It is undignified to be stereotyped
The attributions one makes may be totally wrong
Stereotypes are usually based on limited knowledge
Who has no independent decision-making power?

Civil Judge
Mediator
Advocate
Councilor
Mediation is distinguished from other ADR processes in which of the following

way?
In mediation, the neutral party issues a decision
In mediation, the neutral party does not issue a decision
In mediation, the disputants do not retain the power to settle
In which type of mediation, mediator provides a range of suggested

settlements?
Facilitative
Evaluative
How mediators deal with legal issues during the mediation process?
Through Privileged communications
Advice to seek guidance from legal expert
Do not face any legal issues during mediation
Use their own expertise of law
In which of the following nonbinding evaluation process representatives of the

disputants have the authority to settle the case?
Summary jury trial
Neutral evaluation
Minitrial
Dispute Review Board
The effectiveness of organizational conflict management has been recognized

lately by the development of:
Dispute resolution systems
Court connected ADR
Online ADR
Med-Arb
In which of the following process the case is presented to an arbitrator who

decides but keeps the decision secret and then the disputants attempt to
mediate a settlement?
Med-Arb
Arb-Med
Incentive Arbitration
Ombuds
Conflicts can be prevented and minimized by addressing them at:

Provincial Level
Federal Level
Local community level
Central Level
All of the following are tactics used in evaluative mediation EXCEPT:

Conflict escalation
Instilling doubt
Case evaluation
Caucusing
All of the following are tactics used in integrating style of negotiation EXCEPT:
Expanding the pie
Undercutting
Logrolling
Bridging
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
Mediation:
Can create mistrust
Legislation
Mediation
Negotiation
Adjudication
Mediator (and clients) sets ground rules for conduct in which stage of
mediation?
The introductory stage
Issues clarification and communication
The productive stage
Agreement consummation
In issue clarification stage in the process of mediation, _______________
mediation generally focuses on analyzing interests of disputants and on
avoiding positional bargaining.
Evaluative
Facilitative
Category based
Non-binding
interest?
Facilitative
Evaluative
“In mediation, I listen to both sides of the case and then we choose who wins.”
victimized.”
Effectiveness
Confidentiality
Participation
Enforceability
advantages include:
Litigation, ADR
ADR, Litigation
in the negotiation
Data processing
Systemic processing
Detail processing
Ignoring
Over interpretation
Explaining away
process of
stereotype.
Ignore
Explain away
Agree
Challenge
Explaining away
faster
and easier.
Dual, systematic
Group, Systematic
Mediation
In mediation:
There may not be a settlement since the disputants may not come
to agreement
negotiation
Unenforceable
agreement
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
Sara
Warda
Afifa
Faria
Which is the most important issue in conflict management?
Deciding intensity of conflict
Finding the frequency of conflict
Finding methods of resolving conflict
Distinguishing compatible and incompatible goals
Which of the following statement is NOT true for competitive way of conflict
resolution?
This is a destructive way
People negotiate for problem solving
People fight with each other
All of the given options are false
Which of the following is seldom recommended in conflict resolution?
Negotiation
Arbitration
Meditation
Adjudication
The conflict phobic reacts to conflict by:
Not preparing for conflict
Postponing negotiations
Making extreme demands
Valuing interpersonal conflict
The second step of social interaction in which the perceiver sees, hears or
otherwise uses his/her senses to receive the event, is known as:
Stimulus
Reception
Perception
Interpretation
A conflict which is purely internal and does not involve any other person, is:
Interpersonal
conflict
Not a conflict
Conflict over the ownership or control of something valuable is known as:
Preferences conflict
Communication conflict
Data-type conflict
Resource conflict
Conflict participants often surround themselves in their own rigid thoughts &
close all the possibilities of any other options. This general attitude of conflict
participants is termed as:
Teamwork effort
Negotiation strategy
Positional bargaining
The bottom line that disputant is willing to accept is represented by which of
the following term in a conflict onion?
Position
Aspiration
Underlying interest
Principles and values
Which of the following is the feature of competitive pattern of a conflict in
organizations?
It results in missed opportunities
It increases productivity
It results in fewer turnovers
It has less destructive political behavior
Which of the following statement is true regarding 'power'?
Power is always perceived by individuals
Power is always used to harm others
Power has usually negative dimensions
Power can psychologically affect the negotiation
According to which of the given power, an individual is able to influence
others byConferring(reward) benefit?
Reward power
Normative power
Coercive power
Referent power
Mr. Jahanzaib has changed the sitting arrangement of his subordinates to
make them more comfortable in order to get good output. He is exercising
which type of power?
Reward power
Normative power
Expert power
Ecological power
Innocent faces can distract others from actual facts ; this statement justifies
which of the given power?
Coercive power
Expert power
Referent power
Normative power
How does power affect BATNA (Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement)?
The more power a disputant has, the poorer the disputant s BATNA
The more power a disputant has, the better the disputant s BATNA
The power of one party may dominates the other party in BATNA
There is no affect of power in BATNA
The main problem of relying on BATNA is that:
It is not as much useful
It often leads to poor outcomes
It makes the situation more complex
It is often very expensive in terms of time
All of the following are tactics used in 'integration' phase of negotiation,
EXCEPT:
Expanding the pie
Undercutting
Logrolling
Bridging
The type of power which influences people by offering them something they
want, is known as:
Reward power
Normative power
Coercive power
Referent power
In order to arrive at one's BATNA in a legal dispute, it is necessary to do an
analysis of the costs and benefits of litigation. It is known as:
Valuation
Resolution
Negotiation
Management
The impression formed about people by gathering information from scratch is
a type of impression called:
Data processing
Detail processing
Systematic processing
Category based processing
Which of the following is true about stereotypes?

These are wrong, leading to strategic errors
These are accurate, leading a right decision
These are accurate but may result in leading to a wrong direction
These are wrong but may result in leading to a right direction
In stereotyping we draw inferences about a person s:
A major problem with stereotyping is that:
It is based on logic
Stereotypes are usually correct
It is honored to be stereotyped
The attributions, one made may be totally wrong
If we try to thoroughly process the information about each & every individual
in all situations, it will become:
Highly inefficient
Highly efficient
Highly effective
Highly ineffective
Which of the following class of people see their own characteristics as
changeable?
Disputed-self
Dependent-self
Independent-self
Interdependent-self
In which of the following method individuals gather information form the
scratch during impression formation?
Dual processing
Group processing
In which of the following process, an expert in the subject matter of the
dispute or legal expert gives an opinion of the strengths and weaknesses of
each side's case?
Summary jury trial
Neutral evaluation
If a disputant refuses to participate, what effect can it make on the usefulness

of facilitative mediation?
Facilitative mediation can not be used
Quality of facilitative mediation will suffer
Quality of consent may be impaired
Facilitative mediation will take a long time than usual
If one or both disputants are unsure about their BATNA s, what effect can it
make on the usefulness of facilitative mediation?
Facilitative mediation can not be used
Quality of facilitative mediation will suffer
Facilitative mediation will take a long time than usual
Quality of consent may be impaired
To promote empowerment and recognition of each disputant is the goal of
which type of mediation?
Pure mediation
Triage mediation
One of the most significant features of mediation is its effectiveness in
preserving Ongoing:
Conflict
Competition
Controversy
Relationship
In which stage of mediation mediator will inform clients about mediator s style,
explain process, and explain advantages of cooperative dispute resolution and
mediation?
What important role, ethics play in mediation?
Enhance effectiveness of mediation
Helps in achieving extra compromises
Assists in avoiding the courts involvement
Simply a waste of time & money, if it fails
Which of the following rule requires that the mediators should not favor or
impose their will on one disputant?
Revolutionary
Confidentiality
Neutrality
Adversary
The law of arbitration in Pakistan is contained in which of the following
Arbitration
Act?
1960
1990
1940
1945
Which of the following class of arbitration is mentioned in chapter III, section
20 of the 'Arbitration Act'?
Arbitration in suits through court
Arbitration where no suit is pending
Arbitration without court intervention
Arbitration investigation through agency
Agreements to submit future disputes not yet in existence to arbitration are
which of the following category of arbitration agreements?
Non-executory
Unexecuted
Executory
Executed
In the Neutral evaluation, who is typically neutral?
Arbitrator
Corporate executive
Members in jury pool
Experts in technical area
Extensive preparation often creates hindrance in settlement. All of the
following are suggestions for avoiding it, EXCEPT:
Set limits to involvement
No financial constraints
Periodically reappraise strategies
Intention to save one special person
In which of the following a mediator shall fully disclose and explain the
involvement of money?
Fee
Quality
Morality
Competence
'Positional bargaining' leads to which of the following consequence?

impasses the bad feelings among disputants
Better position for each of the bargainers
Creative approaches to conflict resolution
The most integrative outcome in conflict
In what type of conflict the disputants duplicate efforts to gather information?
Constructive Conflict
Cooperative Conflict
Competitive Conflict
Destructive Conflict
Which is the most important issue in conflict management?
Deciding intensity of conflict
Finding the frequency of conflict
Finding methods of resolving conflict (not confrm)
Distinguishing compatible and incompatible goals
Which of the following statement is NOT true for competitive way of conflict
resolution?
This is a destructive way
People negotiate for problem solving
People fight with each other
All of the given options are false
Not preparing for conflict
Postponing negotiations
Making extreme demands
Valuing interpersonal conflict
The second step of social interaction in which the perceiver sees, hears
or Otherwise uses his/her senses to receive the event, is known as:
Stimulus
Reception
Perception
Interpretation
Conflict over the ownership or control of something valuable is known as:
Preferences conflict
Data-type conflict
Resource conflict
According to which of the given power, an individual is able to
influence others by Conferring(reward) benefit?
Reward power
Normative power
Coercive power
Referent power
The main problem of relying on BATNA is that:
It is not as much useful
It often leads to poor outcomes
It makes the situation more complex
It is often very expensive in terms of time
All of the following are tactics used in 'integration' phase of negotiation,
EXCEPT:
Expanding the pie
Undercutting
Logrolling
Bridging
The type of power which influences people by offering them something
they want, is known as:
Reward power
Normative power
Coercive power
Referent power
The impression formed about people by gathering information from scratch is
a type of impression called:
Data processing
Detail processing
Systematic processing Category based processing
In stereotyping we draw inferences about a person s:
A major problem with stereotyping is that:
It is based on logic
Stereotypes are usually correct
It is honored to be stereotyped
The attributions, one made may be totally wrong
If we try to thoroughly process the information about each & every individual
in all situations, it will become:
Highly inefficient
Highly efficient
Highly effective
Highly ineffective
Which of the following class of people see their own characteristics
as changeable?
Disputed-self
Dependent-self
Independent-self
Interdependent-self
In which of the following method individuals gather information form
the Scratch during impression formation?
Dual processing
Group processing
In which of the following process, an expert in the subject matter of
the dispute or legal expert gives an opinion of the strengths and weaknesses
of each side's case?
Summary jury trial
Neutral evaluation
To promote empowerment and recognition of each disputant
Pure mediation
Triage mediation
One of the most significant features of mediation is its effectiveness
in Preserving Ongoing:
Conflict
Competition
Controversy
Relationship
In which stage of mediation mediator will inform clients about mediator s style,
explain process, and explain advantages of cooperative dispute resolution and
mediation?
The law of arbitration in Pakistan is contained in which of the
following Arbitration Act?
1960
1990
1940
1945
Which of the following class of arbitration is mentioned in chapter III, section
20 of? the 'Arbitration Act'?
Arbitration in suits through court
Arbitration where no suit is pending
Arbitration without court intervention
Arbitration investigation through agency
Agreements to submit future disputes not yet in existence to arbitration
are which of the following category of arbitration agreements?
Non-executory
Unexecuted
Executory
Executed
In which of the following a mediator shall fully disclose and explain the
Involvement of money?
Fee
Quality
Morality
Competence
In what type of conflict the disputants duplicate efforts to gather
information?
Constructive Conflict
Cooperative Conflict
Competitive Conflict
Destructive Conflict
A dispute in which some of the contentions can be expressed as a cause of
action or as a defense to a cause of action is known as:
War
Collision
Legal dispute
Fender-bender
Which of the following type of justice prescribes whether the outcome of a
conflict is fair?
Substantive
Procedural
Distributive
Conflict
All of the following are steps which might influence the conflict cycle EXCEPT:
Establishing ground rules for civility
Pointing out areas of agreement
Using competitive language
Assigning joint tasks
Which of the following is a disagreement or difference of opinion of two
persons or two parties?
Dispute
Collision
Conciliation
Adjudication
Which of the following power has ability to disempowered to the others?
Expert power
Referent power
Coercive power
Normative power
Premise Three of Deutsch's theory is that cooperation begets:
Exacerbation
Competition
Cooperation
Escalation
Which of the following emotion led to more integrative and compromised
strategies by the partner?
Disappointment
Anger
Pride
Guilt
A conflict revolving around two people perceiving the same event like "an
accident" differently is known as __________.
Resurce conflict
Data-type conflict
Preferences and nuisances conflict
Efforts to apply alternative blueprints largely fail because:
There is little support from others
People lack of proficiency
People try to use old tools to address alternative blue prints
A conflict which is purely internal and does not involve another person is a(n):
Not a conflict
In mediation:
There may not be a settlement since the disputant may not come to
agreement
The settlement usually verbal
Settlements reached in mediation are not enforceable
“We have met the enemy and it is us”, quoted by the:
Ben okri
Walt Kelly
Mao zeding
Stuart Hampshire
„A man‟s greatest battles are the ones he fights within himself‟, is quoted by
the:
Ben okri
Walt Kelly
Mao zeding
Stuart Hampshire
Anger can be an effective negotiating tool, is quoted by:
Paul Getty
Adam smith
John Dryden
Mark McCormack
Which of the following is a type of assisted negotiation that uses a third party
to help disputants negotiate their settlement?
Advocacy
Mediation
Provocation
Aggravation
In a conflict diagram participants are indicated by:
Double-ended block arrow
One-tailed arrows
Straight lines
Circles
Getting information form scratch is called:
Category based processing
Dual processing
Group processing
Getting information form scratch is called:
Reinforcement
Determination
Confidence
Motivation
Of the two types of mediation, ________ would be more likely to encourage
positional bargaining.
Evaluation mediation
Nonbinding mediation
Mediation
All of the following are dimensions of person perspective of conflict EXCEPT:
Joint-disputant
Social disputant
Individual disputant
Institution and society
Which one of the following mainly shows individuals and their relationships to
one another?
Sociomap
Sociogram
Interception
Determination
The Meta-disputes generally are based on:
Anger
Bad feelings
Revengeful attitude
Misunderstandings
The theorists who developed this model proposed five basic negotiation styles
which include all of the following
EXCEPT:
Dominating
Avoiding
Obliging
Settling
All of the following are dimensions of person perspective of conflict EXCEPT:
Joint-disputant
Social disputant
Individual disputant
Institution or society
In an interpersonal conflict where the disputants do not wish to do the work
necessary to resolve the conflict until they feel there is no other alternative,
the impediment to resolution is __________.
Mistrust
Lack of ripeness
Excluded stakeholders
Over commitment & entrapment
interests EXCEPT:
It ensures user doesn’t miss an optimal resolution
It creates greater flexibility in coming to settlement
It ensures user isn‟t diverted by details, heat of the moment and so on
It prevents user to evaluate whether some interests could be met outside the conflict
both self And other known as__________.
Avoiding
Dominating
Obliging
Compromising
Reality testing
Litigation
Negotiation
Dispute
threatening, Harming and irritating.
Reward
Coercive
Normative
Expert
Expert
Reward
Normative
Democratic
Expert
Reward
Ecological
Social
Bottom-up
Top-down
Horizontal
Vertical
Motivation
Power
Integration
possible.
Compromising
Integration
Authoritative
Avoiding
Positive
Negative
Neutral
Zero-Sum
for self And other known as__________.
Avoiding
Dominating
Obliging
Compromising
in the negotiation
Data processing
Systemic processing
Detail processing
Ignoring
Over interpretation
Explaining away
process of
stereotype.
Ignore
Explain away
Agree
Challenge
Explaining away
faster
and easier.
Dual, systematic
Group, Systematic
Mediation
In mediation:
There may not be a settlement since the disputants may not come
to agreement
negotiation
Unenforceable
agreement
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
Sara
Warda
Afifa
Faria
Most informal arbitration is probably __________________ than
most facilitative mediation.
Facilitating principled bargaining or similar collaborative negotiation so
that settlement can result
Potential mediation client Ms. B complained that she wanted to
reach settlement in mediation, but the mediator didn‟t seem at all concerned
with helping the parties reach settlement, or even to negotiate. Which of
the following forms of mediation did this mediator probably practice?
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
Most informal arbitration is probably __________________ than
most facilitative mediation.
Mediation:
Can create mistrust
I want to save time and money.” Taking in to consideration the advantages
and disadvantages of different type of dispute resolution methods, which of
the following is best method to be adopted for the statement given above?
Legislation
Mediation
Negotiation
Adjudication
Mediator (and clients) sets ground rules for conduct in which stage
of mediation?
In issue clarification stage in the process of mediation,
_______________ mediation generally focuses on analyzing interests of
disputants and on avoiding positional bargaining.
Evaluative
Facilitative
Category based
Non-binding
interest?
Facilitative
Evaluative
“The purpose of this mediation is for you to decide whether plaintiff’s or
defendant’s version of the issue will prevail.”
“In mediation, I listen to both sides of the case and then we choose who
wins.”
conflict that address your unique situation and leave neither of you
feeling victimized.”
Determined by statute, court rule, or contract, depending on the
jurisdiction and the type of mediation
Concerns over whether a mediator should be able to testify in
subsequent litigation raise issues of:
Effectiveness
Confidentiality
Participation
Enforceability
Many scholars recognize advantages of arbitration over litigation.
These advantages include:
Arbitrator’s decision serves as precedent in all similar cases throughout the
country
Litigation, ADR
ADR, Litigation
called________.
Adjudication
Mediation
Simple negotiation
Latent conflict
False conflict
Cause of action
defined
as__________.
False conflict
True conflict
Veridical conflict
Perceived conflict
Real conflict
Escalating conflict
Data type conflict
Conflict
Disputant
Motives
Position
In interpersonal conflict the reality understood by each participant
is highly__________.
Objective
Personal
Subjective
Biased
Single
Multiple
Sole
Distinct
_____________.
a) Perception
b) General attribution theory
c) Stimuli
d) Cognitive Structure
Which of the following provides a rigorous and clear framework for
understanding and appreciating the multiple facets of any conflict?
Commercial conflict
Conflict resolution
Conflict diagnosis
Systematic conflict
“We have met the enemy and it is us”, quoted by the:
Ben Okri
Walt Kelly
Mao Zedong
Stuart Hampshire
Ten themes of conflict diagnosis are helpful in:
Understanding nature of conflict
Making better use of ADR
Resolving conflict
Which of the following is often unconscious to be given good performance in
every situation?
Reinforcement
Determination
Confidence
Motivation
Which one of the following mainly shows individuals and their relationships to
one another?
Sociomap
Sociogram
Interception
Determination
________________ allows the user to choose the best blueprint and the best
tools to handle a conflict well.
Conflict diagnosis
Commercial conflict
Conflict resolution
Systematic conflict
Usually the sources of conflict are __________ and many of them are
__________.
Multiple, hidden
Multiple, obvious
Less than 5, hidden
Less than 5, obvious
Which of the following emotion led to more integrative and compromised
strategies by the partner?
Disappointment
Anger
Pride
Guilt
Who said that “It is essential to the sanity of mankind that each should think
the other crazy…”?
Walt Kelly
Neil Johnson
Hillarie Belloc
Emily Dickinson
Triage mediation
Pure mediation
Mediation:
Can create mistrust
Legislation
Mediation
Negotiation
Adjudication
Mediator (and clients) sets ground rules for conduct in which stage of
mediation?
In issue clarification stage in the process of mediation, _______________ mediation
generally focuses on analyzing interests of disputants and on avoiding positional
bargaining.
Evaluative
Facilitative
Category based
Non-binding
interest?
Facilitative
Evaluative
“In mediation, I listen to both sides of the case and then we choose who wins.”
victimized.”
Effectiveness
Confidentiality
Participation
Enforceability
advantages include:
Litigation, ADR
ADR, Litigation
A conflict in which the parties' goals are violently manifested, the parties
treat one another as:
Advocates.
Disputants.
Adversaries.
Agents.
A conflict which can only be resolved by having a winner and a loser of

"splitting the difference" the parties are:
Continently interdependent.
Promotively interdependent.
Positively interdependent.
Falsely interdependent.
Where parties are unaware of the existence of divergent goals, needs
of interests, the conflict is:
Latent.
Zero sum.
Contrient.
Veridical.
Where the goals of one party enhance the goals of the other, the parties are:
Not interdependent.
Latently interdependent.
Continently interdependent.
Promotively interdependent.
Most transactions contain both compatible and incompatible goals and are
known as:
False conflicts.
Zero-sum situations.
Win-win situations.
Mixed-motive situations.
Forward-looking arrangements which satisfy compatible goals and there is
no obvious disagreement almost always involves some divergent goals and is
known as:
Transactions.
Disputes.
Zero-sum situations.
False conflicts.
A non latent interpersonal conflict characterized by emphasizing the
incompatible goals of disputants is a:
Transaction.
False conflict.
Dispute.
Win-win situation.
A type of representative of a disputant who has legal and ethical responsibility
to represent disputant's interest is a:
Stakeholder.
Agent.
Advocate.
Constituent
A party to a conflict who is powerful enough to significantly alter its course is
a:
Stakeholder.
Agent.
Advocate.
Constituent
The various dispute resolution processes can be distinguished by all of the
following factors except:
Who participates
Who decides the outcome.
Where it is held.
Under what authority the process takes place.
The two main categories of dispute resolution, according to who decides
the outcome, are:
Arbitration and mediation.
Negotiation and adjudication.
Assisted and unassisted negotiation.
Litigation and arbitration.
The principal distinction between negotiation and adjudication is:
The person in charge of deciding the outcome.
The binding effect.
Whether or not the parties are assisted.
None of these is correct.
A form of negotiation where the disputants are the only participants is known
as:
Unassisted negotiation.
Assisted negotiation.
Simple negotiation.
Both 1 and 3 are correct
The three principal forms of assisted or facilitated negotiation include all of
the following except:
Agent- or advocate-assisted negotiation.
Mediation.
Nonbinding evaluation.
Arbitration.
The form of negotiation in which the disputants are represented by assistants
who stand in their shoes and negotiate on their behalf is:
Mediation.
Agent or advocate assisted negotiation.
Arbitration.
The form of negotiation in which the negotiation is facilitated by a neutral
third party is:
Mediation.
Agent or advocate-assisted negotiation.
Arbitration.
In_____ the disputants present their side to a third party or panel which
renders a nonbinding decision or opinion.
Mediation
Agent- or advocate-assisted negotiation
Nonbinding evaluation
Arbitration
What differentiates nonbinding evaluation from evaluative mediation is
that nonbinding evaluation:
The evaluation is just a beginning point.
The parties do not participate in the process.
In evaluative mediation the evaluation is just a beginning point of the
settlement
process.
None of the above is correct.
The three major forms of adjudication include all of the following except:
Litigation.
Mediation.
Agency Adjudication.
Arbitration
Our narrow perspective on how conflict is best managed and resolved:
Is fostered by cultural beliefs and practices.
Impairs our ability to understand conflict.
Impairs out ability to choose effective methods to resolve conflict.
All of the above are correct.
In order to create a quality product, a master artisan needs all of the
following except:
An effective plan or blueprint.
An innovative approach.
A set of tools suited to the craft.
Proficiency in using the tools.
The part of a person's environment consisting of overall societal social
structures is a:
Microsystem.
Macrosystem.
Microcosm.
Bronfenbrenner's theory of Social Ecology includes as the important
institutions in which we operate the following institution(s)
Mass media.
Court systems.
School Organizations.
Children with_____ parents are more likely to learn that all disputants matter in
a
conflict.
Authoritative
Authoritarian
Permissive
Strict
The American legal system tends to emphasize all of the following except:
Individual rights.
Individualism.
Cooperation.
Competition.
Efforts to apply alternative blueprints largely fail because:
There is little support from others.
People try to use old tools to address alternative blueprints.
People lack proficiency in using new tools.
People confronted with conflict in our culture typically react by seeing the
situation as a_____ where there can only be one winner.
Opportunity for change
Competition
Win-win situation
Positive
The American legal system is a(n)_____ process built on the notion that justice
is achievable through competition.
Win-win
Cooperative
Adversarial
None of the above is correct
Our cultural perspective leads us to view conflict as all of the following except:
War.
Dangerous.
A way to spur reform.
Emotionally painful.
In order to select the best dispute resolution method, it is necessary to engage
in the
process of:
Litigation.
Conflict diagnosis.
Negotiation.
All of the following are steps in the process of conflict diagnosis except:
Identify sources and causes of the conflict.
Identify impediments to settlement.
Choose an appropriate dispute resolution process.
All of the above are steps in the process.
Making extreme demands.
Not preparing.
Loving interpersonal conflict.
Postponing negotiations.
The conflict gamer reacts to conflict by:
Avoiding it.
Feeling traumatized by it.
Not preparing for it.
Postponing negotiation.
The two "camps" of the ADR movement are the:
Right and left wings.
Radical and efficiency wings.
Radical and left wings.
Right and efficiency wings.
An effective ADR program will have the effect of:
Relieving crowded court dockets.
Avoiding litigation down the line.
Leaving parties feeling more empowered
All of the above are true.
The ADR movement in the U.S. has been dominated by the:
Efficiency wing.
Right wing.
Radical wing.
Left wing.
The following people could benefit from understanding conflict diagnosis:
Lawyers.
Negotiators.
Dispute professionals.
In Step One of responding to conflict, an event which causes a reaction in
someone is known as a (n):
Perception.
Reception.
Stimulus.
Interpretation.
In the second step of social interaction the perceiver sees, hears, or otherwise
uses his or her senses to receive the event, known as:
Perception.
Reception.
Stimulus.
Interpretation.
After having received social stimuli, people assign meaning to what they
have experienced, which is known as:
Perception.
Reception.
Stimulus.
Interpretation
In social science, the phrase for mental shortcuts people use to make
quick assessments of others in social interactions is known as:
Heuristics.
Holistics.
Mapping.
Salience.
The tendency of a disputant in an interpersonal conflict to see themselves as
"good" and to characterize the other side as "evil" is known as:
Demonization.
Salience.
Heuristics.
Context.
In Step Four a disputant considers a range of possible responses. This step is
known As:
Interpreting.
Responding.
Generating options.
Weighing options.
Step Five in the process is a cost benefit analysis of those options known as:
Interpreting.
Responding.
Generating options.
Weighing options.
As part of the cost benefit analysis, a disputant makes assumptions about
what results his or her actions will have, known as:
Expectancy of success.
Expectancy of reinforcement.
Expectancy of conflict.
Expectancy of resolution.
In Step Six, which is a culmination of all the previous ones, the disputant
decides what to do or:
Acts.
Chooses an option.
Plans.
Perceives.
In the final step, Step Seven, disputants put the option into practice, which in
turn creates a new:
Stimulus.
Action.
Option.
The purposes of describing the conflict include all of the following except:
Understanding the interests of those involved.
Analyzing who is involved in the conflict.
Clarifying what the conflict is about.
All of the above are purposes of describing the conflict.
Writing down a description of the conflict and putting it aside for a while
serves the purpose(s) of:
Forgetting the conflict
Clarifying the divergent goals.
Seeing where you need more information.
Both 2 and 3 are correct.
A conflict which is purely internal and does not involve another person is a(n):
Interpersonal conflict.
Intrapersonal conflict.
Interpretive conflict.
Not a conflict.
After completing a written description of the conflict, it is important to map out
the conflict. This map is known in the field of psychology as a:
Sociomap.
Sociogram.
Picture.
Diagramatic.
In a conflict diagram participants are indicated by:
Circles.
A double-ended block arrow.
One-tailed arrows.
Straight lines.
In a conflict diagram conflict is indicated by_____ with the parties at both
ends.
Circles
A double ended block arrow
One-tailed arrows
Straight lines
In a conflict diagram the purpose of one tailed arrows is to indicate_____
between participants.
Relationships
Conflicts
Communication
Participation
In a conflict diagram relationships between participants are indicated by:
Circles.
A double-ended block arrow.
One-tailed arrows.
Straight lines
Conflicts over ownership or control of something of value are known
as_____ conflicts.
Preferences and nuisances.
Data-type.
Resource.
Communication.
A conflict revolving around two people perceiving the same event, like an
accident, differently, is known as a_____ conflict.
Data-type
Resource
Communication
When one disputant is doing something which harms or bothers the other, it is
a _____conflict.
Data-type
Resource
Communication
The meaning of language or behavior may be misunderstood, causing
a_____ conflict.
Data-type
Resource
Communication
Where each disputant believes the conflict is due to a different cause, there
are:
Differences in conflict orientation.
Threats to self-concept and world view.
Conflicts over deeply held values.
Differing attributions of causation.
Where one disputant's viewpoint threatens the other's central ideas about his
or herself, there are:
Differences in the way people preferentially or automatically respond to
conflict are:
Conflicts over deeply held values
Disputants in conflict over deeply held personal, community, or social beliefs
are:

Being in conflict with the wrong person would be_____ conflict.
Misplaced
Misattributed
Misaligned
Displaced
Where the disputants aren't fighting about what's really bothering them,
the conflict is:
Misplaced.
Misattributed.
Misaligned.
Displaced.
Often conflict participants paint themselves into a corner by firmly demanding
what they want at the outset, in a process known as:
Teamwork.
Negotiating.
Positional bargaining.
None of the above are correct
interests except:
Craft proposals the other side wants to accept.
Avoidance of later sabotage.
Avoidance of positional bargaining.
Blinding the disputant to any position but their own .
To insure that they will cooperate in making a resolution work and not
sabotage it, it is important to analyze the interests of those affected by the
course and outcome of a conflict known as:
Constituents.
Advocates.
Stakeholders.
Both answers 1 and 3 are correct.
The main reason to analyze the interests of agents and advocates is to
determine if they have interests adverse to their principal, known as:
Strategy.
Conflicts of interest.
Power struggles.
In a conflict onion, revealing the layers of conflict, the demand the disputant
makes to others, is known as their:
Aspirations.
Position.
Principles and values.
Underlying interests.
In a conflict onion, revealing the layers of conflict, the bottom line the
disputant is willing to accept, is known as their:
Aspirations.
Position.
Principles and values.
Underlying interests.
The diagram which is designed to show the relationships among the various
aspects of the participants' interest is known as a (n):
Diagramatic.
Interest tree .
Family tree.
Interest picture.
Of the two major types of justice,_____ justice is concerned with whether
the outcome of a conflict is fair; while_____ justice refers to the fairness of the
process.
Distributive; Procedural
Procedural; Distributive
Distributive; Substantive
Substantive; Procedural
Maslow's Needs Theory is that people need to satisfy human needs which
are organized hierarchically and the most basic of these needs is for:
Safety and security (deficiency).
Love and belongingness (love).
Air, food, shelter and sleep (physiological).
Be a unique individual (self-actualization).
Erickson's Psychosocial Theory is that over a human lifespan people go
through life
stages associated with overriding concerns, with the final stage occurring in
late
adulthood being:
To develop enduring relationships (intimacy vs. isolation).
Finding peace and satisfaction (ego integrity vs. despair).
To learn to act in an autonomous manner (autonomy vs. doubt and shame).
To master academic, social and vocational skills (industry vs. inferiority).
One of the four basic tenets of Morton Deutsch's Theory of Constructive or
Destructive Conduct is that conflict is either cooperative or
Constructive.
Individualistic.
Competitive.
In a competitive conflict, hostile feelings promote a lack of communication
leading
to negative attributions about the other person, known as:
Autistic hostility.
Reactive devaluation.
Effective communication.
The second premise of Deutsch's theory is that:
Cooperation is less efficient than competition.
Cooperation causes more duplication of effort than competition.
Cooperation is destructive, while competition is constructive.
Cooperation is constructive, while competition is destructive.
A conflict (including a dispute) over the handling of the conflict is called a:
Meta-dispute.
Mega-dispute.
Productive dispute.
Cooperative dispute.
The term for a disputant's tendency in a competitive conflict to disregard the
qualities of the other disputant because their similarities are uncomfortable is:
Opposites attract.
Cognitive dissonance.
Mega-dispute.
Reactive devaluation.
Premise Three of Deutsch's theory is that cooperation begets:
Competition.
Cooperation.
Escalation.
Exacerbation.
Deutsch's theories can be illustrated by two round graphs showing how
cooperative and competitive move through a_____ process conflicts.
Conciliatory
Escalating
Cyclical
Efficient
In the final premise of Deutsch's theory, we learn that it is easier to move
from _____to _____ than vice versa.
Cooperation to competition
Competition to cooperation
Efficiency to cooperation
Competition to resolution
All of the following are steps which might influence the conflict cycle except:
Establishing ground rules for civility.
Assigning joint tasks.
Using competitive language.
Pointing out areas of agreement.
One of the lessons learned about the fragility of cooperative conflicts is that it
is best
to resolve them:
Through litigation.
Early (but not too early).
At any cost.
In a competitive environment
The attitude that allows for risk taking behavior is known as:
Cooperation.
Competition.
Trust.
Mistrust.
The most basic level of trust, based on knowledge of the consequences of
compliance or Noncompliance is_____ trust.
Calculus-based
Knowledge-based
Experience-based
Trust based on one disputant's knowledge and understanding of the other
is_____
trust.
Calculus-based
Knowledge-based
Experience-based
The level of trust founded on the disputant's sense of "oneness" with the
other person based on shared goals, values and needs is_____ trust
Calculus-based
Knowledge-based
Experience-based
Of the three levels of trust,_____ trust is the highest level of trust.
Calculus-based
Knowledge-based
Experience-based
Of the three levels of trust, the easiest to establish is_____ trust.
Calculus-based
Knowledge-based
Experience-based
The origin of knowledge-based trust is:
Being well acquainted with one another.
Investigation and research or a long-standing relationship.
Provisions in the contract giving incentives not to harm one another.
Intimate and well-functioning family relationships.
People who must be involved in a relationship but who have low levels of trust
in one another would be best served by creating a:
Business relationship.
Competitive relationship.
Adversary relationship.
Business relationships are made up of all of the following components except:
Explicit, detailed agreements.
Informality.
Restraint of emotional expression.
Balanced, neutral fact-finding and evaluation.
Goals of effective drafting include all of the following except:
Relationship preservation.
Ambiguity.
Accuracy and completeness.
Flexibility
In an interpersonal conflict in which a disputant has an interest in hurting
and punishing the other side, the impediment to resolution is:
Conflicts of interests among team members.
Jackpot syndrome.
Motivation to seek vengeance.
Lack of ripeness
In an interpersonal conflict in which there are disputes about the way a conflict
is being handled, the impediment to resolution is:
Meta-disputes.
Mistrust.
Lack of ripeness.
Loss aversion.
In an interpersonal conflict in which the disputants have dramatically
different perceptions of fact or law, the impediment to resolution is:
Jackpot syndrome.
Vastly differing perceptions of reality.
Mistrust.
Overcommitment and entrapment.
In an interpersonal conflict where a disputant puts so much time, money,
and energy into the conflict that it seems wasteful to back out, the impediment
to resolution is:
Lack of ripeness.
Jackpot syndrome.
Excluded stakeholders.
In an interpersonal conflict where the disputants do not wish to do the
work necessary to resolve the conflict until they feel there is no other
alternative, the impediment to resolution is:
Mistrust.
Lack of ripeness.
In an interpersonal conflict involving apparently irrational behavior by a
disputant who believes he or she has a chance of "winning big" the
impediment to resolution is:
Lack of ripeness.
Disempowered disputant.
Loss aversion.
Jackpot syndrome.
In an interpersonal conflict where the disputant would rather gamble on
an uncertain outcome rather than take on a certain but manageable loss,
the impediment to resolution is:
Linkages.
Loss aversion.
Conflicts of interest among team members.
Lack of ripeness.
In an interpersonal conflict where constituents have goals at odds with
other members of their side of the dispute, the impediment to resolution is:
Linkages.
Conflict of interest among team members.
Loss aversion.
In an interpersonal conflict where people not at the negotiation table feel they
need to be, the impediment to resolution is:
Unpleasant disputants.
Disempowered disputants.
Loss aversion.
In an interpersonal conflict where a disputant feels he or she has insufficient
power in the relationship, the impediment to resolution is:
Disempowered disputant.
Jackpot syndrome.
Loss aversion
Organizational psychologists who believed Deutsch's model characterizing
behavior as cooperative or competitive had disadvantages developed
the_____ model of negotiation behavior dividing styles into assertiveness and
cooperativeness.
Integrative.
Dual-concern.
Pareto-efficiency.
Compromising.
The theorists who developed this model proposed five basic negotiation styles
which include all of the following except:
Dominating.
Avoiding.
Settling.
Obliging
Of the five negotiating styles, the_____ style represents a low level of concern
for self and a high level of concern for others.
Integrating.
Obliging.
Compromising.
Avoiding.
In a settlement agreement which maximizes resources by allocating them to
those who value them most, this form of efficiency is known as:
Pareto-efficiency.
Para-efficiency.
Inefficiency.
Resource allocation.
The most efficient negotiation style, in terms of meeting everyone's
underlying interests and needs, is:
Obliging.
Avoiding.
Compromising.
Integrating.
The success of this style is dependent upon a free flow of information.
Mutual and unilateral.
Self-protectiveness.
Usefulness in inducing cooperation.
Cooperative versus competitive.
Of the five negotiating styles, the style that is most protective of self-interest
while promoting a cooperative response in the other disputant is the:
Avoiding
Integrating.
Obliging.
Compromising.
All of the following are tactics used in integrating except:
Expanding the pie.
Logrolling.
Undercutting.
Bridging.
The tactic of giving the other disputant something of value which is unrelated
to the dispute in return for something of value is known as:
Nonspecific compensation.
Logrolling.
Cutting costs.
Bridging.
The Rabin Organizational Conflict Inventory – II is a device for
assessing negotiation:
Abilities.
Styles.
Parties
What is the
correct order
for the first
three steps in
conflict
resolution?
discussing shared goals, an intrapersonal evaluation, an interpersonal
A) definition
an interpersonal definition, discussing shared goals, an intrapersonal
B) evaluation
an intrapersonal evaluation, an interpersonal definition, discussing shared
C) goals
an interpersonal definition, an intrapersonal evaluation, discussing shared
D) goals
2 CORRECT
Which statement correctly describes the process of conflict resolution?
It is an effort to agree on a win-win solution.

A)
If the steps are carefully followed, it is virtually foolproof.

B)
A third party who is neutral is needed to help the partners negotiate.

C)
It is dangerous to wait too long after finishing the process for an overall
D) assessment.
3 CORRECT
What is the name of the stage of conflict resolution when the partners get together
to work out their definition of the problem, being careful to listen to each other and
to talk assertively?
evaluating the costs and rewards

A)
listening empathically
B)
agreeing on an interpersonal definition of the problem

C)
describing a win-win situation

D)
4 CORRECT
In the fourth stage of conflict resolution, partners
come up with possible solutions

A)
define shared goals

B)
analyze the problem alone

C)
define the problem

D)
5
INCORRECT The final stage of the process of conflict resolution is evaluating the solution. Which
statement best describes this stage?
It should take place within 24 hours of the partners' final agreement on the
A) best solution, while memories are still fresh.
It should involve a trained negotiator, even if the rest of the process has not.
B)
It should always lead to a win-win situation, if the steps have been followed
C) properly.
It should be done some time later, because human behavior does not change
D) overnight.
6
INCORRECT When considering conflict at work, the textbook suggests which of the following?
Aggressively state your message.

A)
Focus on the others' personalities.
B)
Interrupt when your side is not being represented correctly.

C)
Plan to evaluate solutions.

D)
7
INCORRECT Considering conflict resolution in the workplace, the textbook suggests which of the
following as the first step?
Plan, prepare and rehearse.

A)
Address the issue immediately.

B)
Adopt an adversarial attitude.

C)
Aggressively state the message.

D)
8 CORRECT
Which of the following items is NOT a common source of conflict?
decision-making
A)
power
B)
procedures
C)
work distribution
D)
9
INCORRECT Which of the following approaches to managing group conflict is correctly defined?
Accommodation – the leader gives in to the wishes of the majority of the
A) group.
Avoiding – the group has split into factions and are so far apart that they all
B) agree to avoid discussing the issue.
Compromise – the leader is willing to compromise with the wishes of the
C) majority of the group.
Competition – group members care about winning more than they care about
D) the feelings of other members.
10
INCORRECT Which of the following is NOT a successful technique for dealing with rejection?
avoid self-defeating assumptions

A)
adopt a constructive attitude

B)
do not let it compromise or derail your dreams

C)
learn from it
D)
11
CORRECT Kali Munro, a psychotherapist, offers which tip/tips for handling online conflict?
discuss the situation with others

A)
think about what you want to accomplish and verbalize it
B)
start and end your post with positive, affirming, and validating statements
C)
all of the above

D)
12
INCORRECT In a study by The Institute of American Values, which of the following techniques
did NOT improve happiness in unhappy relationships?
Therapy
A)
Endurance
B)
Work ethic
C)
Personal happiness
D)
13
CORRECT Conflict is destructive when it
Polarizes groups so that cooperation is reduced.

A)
Invents new approaches to problems.

B)
Destroys the morale of people.

C)
A and C only.
D)
14
CORRECT Conflict in groups can occur over perceptual differences such as
Culture, race, and ethnicity

A)
Gender and sexuality

B)
Knowledge or previous experiences

C)
All of the above

D)
15
CORRECT Which of the following defensive behaviors is correctly matched with its supportive
response?
Neutrality versus spontaneity

A)
Evaluation versus equality

B)
Certainty versus provisionalism

C)
Control versus empathy

D)

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Conflict Management MCQ

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Conflict Management

Which one of the following is likely to be highest level of trust?

Physical strength is the source of which power?

Diversity issues are related to all of the following, EXCEPT:

The type of power which influences people by offering them something

In stereotyping we draw inferences about a person‟s:

Over emphasis on a piece of information which may not be so important to

The mediator‟s primary function is to narrow the gap between extreme

Which of the following is the most basic form of nonbinding evaluation

Summary jury trial

In which of the following, entities are created by contract to resolve disputes

The process of negotiation refers to all of the following, EXCEPT:

The suggested hierarchy of ADR methods suggests that:

Which of the following is a clear picture of Individualistic culture?

Theory of Social Ecology includes which of the following important

Which of the following power is the flip side of Coercive power?

The major problem with stereotyping is/are:

Who has no independent decision-making power?

Mediation is distinguished from other ADR processes in which of the following

In which type of mediation, mediator provides a range of suggested

In which of the following nonbinding evaluation process representatives of the

The effectiveness of organizational conflict management has been recognized

In which of the following process the case is presented to an arbitrator who

Conflicts can be prevented and minimized by addressing them at:

All of the following are tactics used in evaluative mediation EXCEPT:

Which of the following is true about stereotypes?

If a disputant refuses to participate, what effect can it make on the usefulness

'Positional bargaining' leads to which of the following consequence?

A conflict which can only be resolved by having a winner and a loser of

Threats to self-concept and world view.

It is an effort to agree on a win-win solution.

If the steps are carefully followed, it is virtually foolproof.

A third party who is neutral is needed to help the partners negotiate.

evaluating the costs and rewards

agreeing on an interpersonal definition of the problem

describing a win-win situation

come up with possible solutions

define shared goals

analyze the problem alone

define the problem

Aggressively state your message.

Interrupt when your side is not being represented correctly.

Plan to evaluate solutions.

Plan, prepare and rehearse.

Address the issue immediately.

Adopt an adversarial attitude.

Aggressively state the message.

avoid self-defeating assumptions

adopt a constructive attitude

do not let it compromise or derail your dreams

discuss the situation with others

all of the above

Polarizes groups so that cooperation is reduced.

Invents new approaches to problems.

Destroys the morale of people.

Culture, race, and ethnicity

Gender and sexuality

Knowledge or previous experiences

All of the above

Neutrality versus spontaneity

Evaluation versus equality

Certainty versus provisionalism

Control versus empathy