General Information on the Career Service Examinations Professional and Sub-professional Levels
For the CSE-PPT, applications must be filed at any CSC Regional or Field Office. The CSC Central Office
TION ON THE CAREER SERVICE EXAMINATIONS CONTAINED HERE ARE GENERAL IN NATURE.
VICE COMMISSION (CSC) ISSUES A CORRESPONDING EXAMINATION ANNOUNCEMENT FOR THE CONDUCT OF THE CAREER SERVICE
S.
RE ADVISED TO CHECK OUT THE EXAMINATION ANNOUNCEMENT FOR PARTICULARS AND/OR UPDATES ON EXAMINATION RULES,
TS AND PROCEDURE.
OF INCONSISTENCY, THE EXAMINATION ANNOUNCEMENT SHALL PREVAIL OVER THIS GENERAL INFORMATION.
A. QUALIFICATIONS FOR THE CAREER SERVICE EXAMINATION (CSE)
•  computer assisted test (CAT) shall be once in three months and up to four times only.
Career Service Professional and Sub-professional examinations are open to applicants regardless of
educational attainment.
•  after two years from the date of the 4th examination taken. F. SCOPE OF EXAMINATION   Professional
Applicants for both levels must:   –  Be Filipino citizens, at least 18 years old, and of good moral character;   Level   In English and Filipino: vocabulary, grammar and correct usage, paragraph organization, reading
–  Have no criminal record or have not been convicted by final judgment of an offense or crime involving
moral turpitude;   –  Have not been dishonorably discharged from military service or dismissed for cause
from any civilian position in the government; and   –  Have not taken the same level of career service
examination within three (3) months from last examination taken, or for those who have repeatedly failed,
have not failed the same level of examination for four times since October 2002. B. MODES OF TAKING
THE CSE    The Career Service Examination (Professional and Sub-Professional levels) may be taken
through either of the following modes:
1. CSE-PPT       Results of the CSE-PPT are usually released from three to four months after the examination.
Paper and Pencil Test (PPT)   The CSE-PPT is conducted nationwide thrice a year. Filing of applications for
the CSE-PPT is through the CSC Regional or Field Offices.   Applicants are advised to refer to the
Examination Announcement, which the CSC officially issues for each schedule of the CSE-PPT.
2. secure a copy of their Report of Rating through the CSC website. No Report of Rating shall be mailed to
Computer Assisted Test (CAT)   The CSE-CAT is conducted in Civil Service Commission Central Office
(CSCCO), IBP Road, Batasan Hills, Quezon City, and in selected CSC Regional Offices (CSCRO) such as
CSC-CAR, Baguio City. For the schedule of conduct of CSE-CAT, applicants are advised to coordinate/get
in touch with the CSCCO, or the concerned CSCRO. Please visit the CSC website www.csc.gov.ph for the
directory of CSC Central and Regional Offices. C.  APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
1. Examinees are strongly advised to wait for the examination results. Those who passed shall receive their
Properly accomplished application form (CS Form No. 100, Revised 2008);
2. to claim/receive his/her examination result on the examination day, he/she has to personally return at a later
Four (4) copies of identical I.D. pictures with specifications, as follows:   a. 1.5" x 2" (Passport size)   b.
Colored or black-and-white   c. Printed on quality photo paper   d. Must show the subject applicant in
standard close-up shot (from shoulder level up)   e. With full name tag     –  The name tag must show the
applicant's First Name, Middle Initial, Last Name, and Extension Name (if any).     –  The name tag should
not be computer-generated, meaning, the applicant should have his/her picture taken while holding his/her
name tag.   f. Taken within the last three months prior to filing of application     Note: The following pictures
are NOT accepted:       –  Scanned, computer-enhanced, photocopied, and cut-out pictures;       –  Pictures
showing subject applicant not in close-up shot (lower than shoulder level);       –  Pictures with incomplete
and/or computer-generated name tag; and       –  Pictures without name tag.    
3.
Original and photocopy of any valid I.D. card with name, picture and signature of the applicant, and name
and signature of the issuing officer (i.e. Driver's License, BIR ID, GSIS/SSS ID, Postal ID, Voter's ID,
current Office/School ID, or valid Passport); and
4.
Examination fee of P350 for the Paper and Pencil Test (PPT), or P400 for Computer Assisted Test (CAT). D.
WHERE TO SECURE & FILE APPLICATION FORMS
• 
Application forms may be secured from any CSC Regional or Field Office, or downloaded from the CSC
website www.csc.gov.ph.
• 
in Batasan Hills, Quezon City, does not accept and process applications for CSE-PPT.   Deadline for filing of
applications is usually one month before the scheduled date of examination.
• 
For the CSE-CAT, applications must be filed at the CSC Central Office, or at the concerned CSC Regional
Office.
• 
As a general rule, acceptance of examination applications for both CSE-PPT and CSE-CAT is on a first-
come, first-served basis. Failure to come on the scheduled examination date would mean forfeiture of
examination slot and fee. No request for re-scheduling is allowed. E. FREQUENCY OF TAKING THE
CAREER SERVICE EXAMINATION   (Based on CSC Resolution No. 021279 dated Oct. 7, 2002)
• 
Taking the Career Service Professional and Sub-professional examinations via paper and pencil test (PPT) or
• 
An examinee failing on the 4th attempt can apply for the same level of the career service examination only
comprehension, analogy, logic, and numerical reasoning.   Subprofessional Level   In English and Filipino:
vocabulary, grammar and correct usage, paragraph organization, reading comprehension, clerical operations,
and numerical reasoning.   Both levels of the examination will have general information questions on
Philippine Constitution; Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees (R.
A. 6713); peace and human rights issues and concepts; and environment management and protection. G.
PASSING RATE: Eighty (80) H. EXAMINATION RESULT
1.
The names of passed examinees shall be posted at the CSC website www.csc.gov.ph.       Those who passed
the examination must personally claim their Certificates of Eligibility at the CSC Regional Office/Field
Office upon presentation of required documents. On the other hand, those who failed the examination may
those who failed. To secure a copy of the Report of Rating, an examinee must key in his/her name, date of
birth, examinee number, examination date, and examination type. Thus, examinees are advised to safe
keep or remember their examinee number until receipt of the examination result.
2.
CSE-CAT       Results of the CSE-CAT are usually released within two to three hours after the examination.
Certificate of Eligibility, while those who failed shall receive their Report of Rating. Should an examinee fail
date to claim either his/her Certificate of Eligibility or Report of Rating.       The names of passed CSE-CAT
examinees shall be posted at the CSC website.       Meanwhile, a copy of the Report of Rating of failed
examinees may also be secured through the CSC website. To secure a copy of the Report of Rating, an
examinee must key in his/her name, date of birth, examinee number, examination date, and examination
type.      
WARNING:
Any form of cheating in any civil service examination shall be considered a violation of REPUBLIC ACT (R.A
  Unlawful Any Form of Cheating in Civil Service Examinations, Unauthorized Use and Possession of CSC Exam
Exclusive Jurisdiction Over These Cases Including Those Committed by Private Individuals".
  Any person found guilty of an offense under R.A. 9416 may be held administratively and criminally liable.
Any person found ADMINISTRATIVELY LIABLE shall be imposed the following penalties: For one who is in
  the accessory penalties of cancellation of eligibility, forfeiture of retirement benefits, bar from taking any civil se
entering the government service; and For a private individual, perpetual bar from entering the government service
  Any person found CRIMINALLY LIABLE shall be imposed the following penalties: Imprisonment of not less th
 Republic of the Philippines
Congress of the Philippines
Metro Manila
Eighth Congress
Republic Act No. 6713             February 20, 1989
AN ACT ESTABLISHING A CODE OF CONDUCT AND ETHICAL STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC
OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES, TO UPHOLD THE TIME-HONORED PRINCIPLE OF PUBLIC
OFFICE BEING A PUBLIC TRUST, GRANTING INCENTIVES AND REWARDS FOR
EXEMPLARY SERVICE, ENUMERATING PROHIBITED ACTS AND TRANSACTIONS AND
PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled::
Section 1. Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public
Officials and Employees."
Section 2. Declaration of Policies. - It is the policy of the State to promote a high standard of ethics in public
service. Public officials and employees shall at all times be accountable to the people and shall discharge
their duties with utmost responsibility, integrity, competence, and loyalty, act with patriotism and justice,
lead modest lives, and uphold public interest over personal interest.
Section 3. Definition of Terms. - As used in this Act, the term:
(a) "Government" includes the National Government, the local governments, and all other
instrumentalities, agencies or branches of the Republic of the Philippines including government-
owned or controlled corporations, and their subsidiaries.lawphi1.net
(b) "Public Officials" includes elective and appointive officials and employees, permanent or
temporary, whether in the career or non-career service, including military and police personnel,
whether or not they receive compensation, regardless of amount.
(c) "Gift" refers to a thing or a right to dispose of gratuitously, or any act or liberality, in favor of
another who accepts it, and shall include a simulated sale or an ostensibly onerous disposition
thereof. It shall not include an unsolicited gift of nominal or insignificant value not given in
anticipation of, or in exchange for, a favor from a public official or employee.
(d) "Receiving any gift" includes the act of accepting directly or indirectly, a gift from a person
other than a member of his family or relative as defined in this Act, even on the occasion of a
family celebration or national festivity like Christmas, if the value of the gift is neither nominal
nor insignificant, or the gift is given in anticipation of, or in exchange for, a favor.
(e) "Loan" covers both simple loan and commodatum as well as guarantees, financing
arrangements or accommodations intended to ensure its approval.
(f) "Substantial stockholder" means any person who owns, directly or indirectly, shares of stock
sufficient to elect a director of a corporation. This term shall also apply to the parties to a voting
trust.
(g) "Family of public officials or employees" means their spouses and unmarried children under
eighteen (18) years of age.
(h) "Person" includes natural and juridical persons unless the context indicates otherwise.
(i) "Conflict of interest" arises when a public official or employee is a member of a board, an
officer, or a substantial stockholder of a private corporation or owner or has a substantial interest
in a business, and the interest of such corporation or business, or his rights or duties therein, may
be opposed to or affected by the faithful performance of official duty.
(j) "Divestment" is the transfer of title or disposal of interest in property by voluntarily,
completely and actually depriving or dispossessing oneself of his right or title to it in favor of a
person or persons other than his spouse and relatives as defined in this Act.
(k) "Relatives" refers to any and all persons related to a public official or employee within the
fourth civil degree of consanguinity or affinity, including bilas, inso and balae.
Section 4. Norms of Conduct of Public Officials and Employees. - (A) Every public official and employee
shall observe the following as standards of personal conduct in the discharge and execution of official duties:
(a) Commitment to public interest. - Public officials and employees shall always
uphold the public interest over and above personal interest. All government resources
and powers of their respective offices must be employed and used efficiently,
effectively, honestly and economically, particularly to avoid wastage in public funds
and revenues.
(b) Professionalism. - Public officials and employees shall perform and discharge their
duties with the highest degree of excellence, professionalism, intelligence and skill.
They shall enter public service with utmost devotion and dedication to duty. They
shall endeavor to discourage wrong perceptions of their roles as dispensers or peddlers
of undue patronage.
(c) Justness and sincerity. - Public officials and employees shall remain true to the
people at all times. They must act with justness and sincerity and shall not discriminate
against anyone, especially the poor and the underprivileged. They shall at all times
respect the rights of others, and shall refrain from doing acts contrary to law, good
morals, good customs, public policy, public order, public safety and public interest.
They shall not dispense or extend undue favors on account of their office to their
relatives whether by consanguinity or affinity except with respect to appointments of
such relatives to positions considered strictly confidential or as members of their
personal staff whose terms are coterminous with theirs.
(d) Political neutrality. - Public officials and employees shall provide service to
everyone without unfair discrimination and regardless of party affiliation or
preference.
(e) Responsiveness to the public. - Public officials and employees shall extend prompt,
courteous, and adequate service to the public. Unless otherwise provided by law or
when required by the public interest, public officials and employees shall provide
information of their policies and procedures in clear and understandable language,
ensure openness of information, public consultations and hearings whenever
appropriate, encourage suggestions, simplify and systematize policy, rules and
procedures, avoid red tape and develop an understanding and appreciation of the
 socio-economic conditions prevailing in the country, especially in the depressed rural
and urban areas.
(f) Nationalism and patriotism. - Public officials and employees shall at all times be
loyal to the Republic and to the Filipino people, promote the use of locally produced
goods, resources and technology and encourage appreciation and pride of country and
people. They shall endeavor to maintain and defend Philippine sovereignty against
foreign intrusion.
(g) Commitment to democracy. - Public officials and employees shall commit
themselves to the democratic way of life and values, maintain the principle of public
accountability, and manifest by deeds the supremacy of civilian authority over the
military. They shall at all times uphold the Constitution and put loyalty to country
above loyalty to persons or party.
(h) Simple living. - Public officials and employees and their families shall lead modest
lives appropriate to their positions and income. They shall not indulge in extravagant
or ostentatious display of wealth in any form.
(B) The Civil Service Commission shall adopt positive measures to promote (1) observance of
these standards including the dissemination of information programs and workshops authorizing
merit increases beyond regular progression steps, to a limited number of employees recognized by
their office colleagues to be outstanding in their observance of ethical standards; and (2)
continuing research and experimentation on measures which provide positive motivation to public
officials and employees in raising the general level of observance of these standards.
Section 6. System of Incentives and Rewards. - A system of annual incentives and rewards is hereby
established in order to motivate and inspire public servants to uphold the highest standards of ethics. For this
purpose, a Committee on Awards to Outstanding Public Officials and Employees is hereby created composed
of the following: the Ombudsman and Chairman of the Civil Service Commission as Co-Chairmen, and the
Chairman of the Commission on Audit, and two government employees to be appointed by the President, as
members.
It shall be the task of this Committee to conduct a periodic, continuing review of the performance of public
officials and employees, in all the branches and agencies of Government and establish a system of annual
incentives and rewards to the end that due recognition is given to public officials and employees of
outstanding merit on the basis of the standards set forth in this Act.
The conferment of awards shall take into account, among other things, the following: the years of service and
the quality and consistency of performance, the obscurity of the position, the level of salary, the unique and
exemplary quality of a certain achievement, and the risks or temptations inherent in the work. Incentives and
rewards to government officials and employees of the year to be announced in public ceremonies honoring
them may take the form of bonuses, citations, directorships in government-owned or controlled corporations,
local and foreign scholarship grants, paid vacations and the like. They shall likewise be automatically
promoted to the next higher position with the commensurate salary suitable to their qualifications. In case
there is no next higher position or it is not vacant, said position shall be included in the budget of the office in
the next General Appropriations Act. The Committee on Awards shall adopt its own rules to govern the
conduct of its activities.
Section 7. Prohibited Acts and Transactions. - In addition to acts and omissions of public officials and
employees now prescribed in the Constitution and existing laws, the following shall constitute prohibited acts
and transactions of any public official and employee and are hereby declared to be unlawful:

Section 5. Duties of Public Officials and Employees. - In the performance of their duties, all public officials
(a) Financial and material interest. - Public officials and employees shall not, directly or
and employees are under obligation to:lawphi1.net
indirectly, have any financial or material interest in any transaction requiring the approval of their
office.
(a) Act promptly on letters and requests. - All public officials and employees shall, within fifteen
(15) working days from receipt thereof, respond to letters, telegrams or other means of
(b) Outside employment and other activities related thereto. - Public officials and employees
communications sent by the public. The reply must contain the action taken on the request.
during their incumbency shall not:

(b) Submit annual performance reports. - All heads or other responsible officers of offices and
(1) Own, control, manage or accept employment as officer, employee, consultant,
agencies of the government and of government-owned or controlled corporations shall, within
counsel, broker, agent, trustee or nominee in any private enterprise regulated,
forty-five (45) working days from the end of the year, render a performance report of the agency
supervised or licensed by their office unless expressly allowed by law;
or office or corporation concerned. Such report shall be open and available to the public within
regular office hours.
(2) Engage in the private practice of their profession unless authorized by the
Constitution or law, provided, that such practice will not conflict or tend to conflict
(c) Process documents and papers expeditiously. - All official papers and documents must be
with their official functions; or
processed and completed within a reasonable time from the preparation thereof and must contain,
as far as practicable, not more than three (3) signatories therein. In the absence of duly authorized
signatories, the official next-in-rank or officer in charge shall sign for and in their behalf. (3) Recommend any person to any position in a private enterprise which has a regular
or pending official transaction with their office.
(d) Act immediately on the public's personal transactions. - All public officials and employees
must attend to anyone who wants to avail himself of the services of their offices and must, at all These prohibitions shall continue to apply for a period of one (1) year after resignation,
times, act promptly and expeditiously. retirement, or separation from public office, except in the case of subparagraph (b) (2) above, but
the professional concerned cannot practice his profession in connection with any matter before the
office he used to be with, in which case the one-year prohibition shall likewise apply.
(e) Make documents accessible to the public. - All public documents must be made accessible to,
and readily available for inspection by, the public within reasonable working hours.
(c) Disclosure and/or misuse of confidential information. - Public officials and employees shall
not use or divulge, confidential or classified information officially known to them by reason of
their office and not made available to the public, either:
 (1) To further their private interests, or give undue advantage to anyone; or (d) liabilities, and;

(2) To prejudice the public interest. (e) all business interests and financial connections.

(d) Solicitation or acceptance of gifts. - Public officials and employees shall not solicit or accept, The documents must be filed:
directly or indirectly, any gift, gratuity, favor, entertainment, loan or anything of monetary value
from any person in the course of their official duties or in connection with any operation being
(a) within thirty (30) days after assumption of office;
regulated by, or any transaction which may be affected by the functions of their office.

(b) on or before April 30, of every year thereafter; and

As to gifts or grants from foreign governments, the Congress consents to:

(c) within thirty (30) days after separation from the service.
(i) The acceptance and retention by a public official or employee of a gift of nominal
value tendered and received as a souvenir or mark of courtesy;
All public officials and employees required under this section to file the aforestated documents
shall also execute, within thirty (30) days from the date of their assumption of office, the
(ii) The acceptance by a public official or employee of a gift in the nature of a
necessary authority in favor of the Ombudsman to obtain from all appropriate government
scholarship or fellowship grant or medical treatment; or
agencies, including the Bureau of Internal Revenue, such documents as may show their assets,
liabilities, net worth, and also their business interests and financial connections in previous years,
(iii) The acceptance by a public official or employee of travel grants or expenses for including, if possible, the year when they first assumed any office in the Government.
travel taking place entirely outside the Philippine (such as allowances, transportation,
food, and lodging) of more than nominal value if such acceptance is appropriate or
Husband and wife who are both public officials or employees may file the required statements
consistent with the interests of the Philippines, and permitted by the head of office,
jointly or separately.
branch or agency to which he belongs.

The Statements of Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth and the Disclosure of Business Interests and
The Ombudsman shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the purpose of
Financial Connections shall be filed by:
this subsection, including pertinent reporting and disclosure requirements.

(1) Constitutional and national elective officials, with the national office of the
Nothing in this Act shall be construed to restrict or prohibit any educational, scientific or cultural
Ombudsman;
exchange programs subject to national security requirements.

(2) Senators and Congressmen, with the Secretaries of the Senate and the House of
Section 8. Statements and Disclosure. - Public officials and employees have an obligation to accomplish and
Representatives, respectively; Justices, with the Clerk of Court of the Supreme Court;
submit declarations under oath of, and the public has the right to know, their assets, liabilities, net worth and
Judges, with the Court Administrator; and all national executive officials with the
financial and business interests including those of their spouses and of unmarried children under eighteen
Office of the President.
(18) years of age living in their households.

(3) Regional and local officials and employees, with the Deputy Ombudsman in their
(A) Statements of Assets and Liabilities and Financial Disclosure. - All public officials and
respective regions;
employees, except those who serve in an honorary capacity, laborers and casual or temporary
workers, shall file under oath their Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth and a
Disclosure of Business Interests and Financial Connections and those of their spouses and (4) Officers of the armed forces from the rank of colonel or naval captain, with the
unmarried children under eighteen (18) years of age living in their households. Office of the President, and those below said ranks, with the Deputy Ombudsman in
their respective regions; and
The two documents shall contain information on the following:
(5) All other public officials and employees, defined in Republic Act No. 3019, as
amended, with the Civil Service Commission.
(a) real property, its improvements, acquisition costs, assessed value and current fair
market value;
(B) Identification and disclosure of relatives. - It shall be the duty of every public official or employee to
identify and disclose, to the best of his knowledge and information, his relatives in the Government in the
(b) personal property and acquisition cost;
form, manner and frequency prescribed by the Civil Service Commission.

(c) all other assets such as investments, cash on hand or in banks, stocks, bonds, and
(C) Accessibility of documents. - (1) Any and all statements filed under this Act, shall be made available for
the like;
inspection at reasonable hours.
 (2) Such statements shall be made available for copying or reproduction after ten (10) working
days from the time they are filed as required by law.
(3) Any person requesting a copy of a statement shall be required to pay a reasonable fee to cover
the cost of reproduction and mailing of such statement, as well as the cost of certification.
(4) Any statement filed under this Act shall be available to the public for a period of ten (10)
years after receipt of the statement. After such period, the statement may be destroyed unless
needed in an ongoing investigation.
(D) Prohibited acts. - It shall be unlawful for any person to obtain or use any statement filed under this Act
for:
(a) any purpose contrary to morals or public policy; or
(b) any commercial purpose other than by news and communications media for dissemination to
the general public.
Section 9. Divestment. - A public official or employee shall avoid conflicts of interest at all times. When a
conflict of interest arises, he shall resign from his position in any private business enterprise within thirty
(30) days from his assumption of office and/or divest himself of his shareholdings or interest within sixty
(60) days from such assumption.
The same rule shall apply where the public official or employee is a partner in a partnership.
The requirement of divestment shall not apply to those who serve the Government in an honorary capacity
nor to laborers and casual or temporary workers.
Section 10. Review and Compliance Procedure. - (a) The designated Committees of both Houses of the
Congress shall establish procedures for the review of statements to determine whether said statements which
have been submitted on time, are complete, and are in proper form. In the event a determination is made that
a statement is not so filed, the appropriate Committee shall so inform the reporting individual and direct him
to take the necessary corrective action.
(b) In order to carry out their responsibilities under this Act, the designated Committees of both
Houses of Congress shall have the power within their respective jurisdictions, to render any
opinion interpreting this Act, in writing, to persons covered by this Act, subject in each instance
to the approval by affirmative vote of the majority of the particular House concerned.
The individual to whom an opinion is rendered, and any other individual involved in a similar
factual situation, and who, after issuance of the opinion acts in good faith in accordance with it
shall not be subject to any sanction provided in this Act.
(c) The heads of other offices shall perform the duties stated in subsections (a) and (b) hereof
insofar as their respective offices are concerned, subject to the approval of the Secretary of
Justice, in the case of the Executive Department and the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, in
the case of the Judicial Department.
Section 11. Penalties. - (a) Any public official or employee, regardless of whether or not he holds office or
employment in a casual, temporary, holdover, permanent or regular capacity, committing any violation of
this Act shall be punished with a fine not exceeding the equivalent of six (6) months' salary or suspension not
exceeding one (1) year, or removal depending on the gravity of the offense after due notice and hearing by
the appropriate body or agency. If the violation is punishable by a heavier penalty under another law, he shall
be prosecuted under the latter statute. Violations of Sections 7, 8 or 9 of this Act shall be punishable with
imprisonment not exceeding five (5) years, or a fine not exceeding five thousand pesos (P5,000), or both,
and, in the discretion of the court of competent jurisdiction, disqualification to hold public office.
(b) Any violation hereof proven in a proper administrative proceeding shall be sufficient cause for
removal or dismissal of a public official or employee, even if no criminal prosecution is instituted
against him.
(c) Private individuals who participate in conspiracy as co-principals, accomplices or accessories,
with public officials or employees, in violation of this Act, shall be subject to the same penal
liabilities as the public officials or employees and shall be tried jointly with them.
(d) The official or employee concerned may bring an action against any person who obtains or
uses a report for any purpose prohibited by Section 8 (D) of this Act. The Court in which such
action is brought may assess against such person a penalty in any amount not to exceed twenty-
five thousand pesos (P25,000). If another sanction hereunder or under any other law is heavier,
the latter shall apply.
Section 12. Promulgation of Rules and Regulations, Administration and Enforcement of this Act. - The Civil
Service Commission shall have the primary responsibility for the administration and enforcement of this Act.
It shall transmit all cases for prosecution arising from violations of this Act to the proper authorities for
appropriate action: Provided, however, That it may institute such administrative actions and disciplinary
measures as may be warranted in accordance with law. Nothing in this provision shall be construed as a
deprivation of the right of each House of Congress to discipline its Members for disorderly behavior.
The Civil Service Commission is hereby authorized to promulgate rules and regulations necessary to carry
out the provisions of this Act, including guidelines for individuals who render free voluntary service to the
Government. The Ombudsman shall likewise take steps to protect citizens who denounce acts or omissions
of public officials and employees which are in violation of this Act.
Section 13. Provisions for More Stringent Standards. - Nothing in this Act shall be construed to derogate
from any law, or any regulation prescribed by any body or agency, which provides for more stringent
standards for its official and employees.
Section 14. Appropriations. - The sum necessary for the effective implementation of this Act shall be taken
from the appropriations of the Civil Service Commission. Thereafter, such sum as may be needed for its
continued implementation shall be included in the annual General Appropriations Act.
Section 15. Separability Clause. - If any provision of this Act or the application of such provision to any
person or circumstance is declared invalid, the remainder of the Act or the application of such provision to
other persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such declaration.
Section 16. Repealing Clause. - All laws, decrees and orders or parts thereof inconsistent herewith, are
deemed repealed or modified accordingly, unless the same provide for a heavier penalty.
Section 17. Effectivity. - This Act shall take effect after thirty (30) days following the completion of its
publication in the Official Gazette or in two (2) national newspapers of general circulation.
Approved, February 20, 1989.
 Republic of the Philippines
Congress of the Philippines
Metro Manila
Thirteenth Congress
Third Regular Session
Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-fourth day of July, two thousand six.
Republic Act No. 9416             March 25, 2007
AN ACT DECLARING AS UNLAWFUL ANY FORM OF CHEATING IN CIVIL SERVICE
EXAMINATIONS, UNAUTHORIZED USE AND POSSESSION OF CIVIL SERVICE
COMMISSION (CSC) EXAMINATION-RELATED MATERIALS, AND GRANTING THE CSC
EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OVER THESE CASES INCLUDING THOSE COMMITTED BY
PRIVATE INDIVIDUALS
Be it enacted by the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:
SECTION 1. Statement of Policy. - Public office is a public trust. As such, it is hereby declared the policy
of the State to ensure that honesty, integrity and the merit and fitness principle be always the measure of
entry into the public service. Thus, all forms of cheating in civil service examinations including those
committed by private individuals shall be immediately and effectively addressed. The public service should
not be a haven for misfits and cheats."
Pursuant thereto, any form of cheating in civil service examinations is hereby declared illegal and unlawful.
This shall include acts and omissions that are done before, during and after such examinations. To further
protect the integrity of the examinations the possession and or use of any examination-related materials like
electronic program files or data, test booklets and considered an act of cheating.
SEC. 2. The Civil Service Commission (CSC) as the central personnel agency of the government shall
exercise exclusive jurisdiction to investigate and decide over these cases. This jurisdiction shall cover
government employees as well as private individuals.
SEC. 3. Definition of Terms. - For purposes of this Act, the following terms shall mean:
(a) Civil Service Examination - refers to all examinations being administered by the CSC or those
administered by other agencies in coordination with or through the assistance of the CSC.
(b) Cheating - refers to any act or omission before, during or after any civil service examination
that will directly or indirectly undermine the sanctity and integrity of the examination such as, but
not limited to, the following:
1. Impersonation;
2. Use of "codigo" or crib sheets;
3. Employing a "poste" or a person inside or outside of the examination room who
may or may not be a registered examinee but who provides examinees with answers or
"codigo" or "crib sheets" or such other assistance purportedly to enhance examinee’s
better chances of passing;
4. Tampering with the examination records such as the Answer Data Files, the
Application Forms or the Picture-Seat Plan to facilitate the passing of an examinee
who have failed;
5. Collusion of whatever nature between examinees and examination personnel;
6. Examinee number switching;
7. Possession and or use of fake certificate of eligibility;
8. Such other acts of similar nature which facilitate the passing of an examination
including those committed by review centers or entities offering refresher courses or
tutorials.
(c) Cheats - shall include all persons or review centers or entities offering refresher courses or
tutorials who directly or indirectly commit the act of cheating.
(d) Examination-related material - refer to any materials in whatever form, which are used by the
CSC in the conduct of the examinations or by other agencies, which administer examinations in
coordination with or through the assistance of the CSC. These shall include but are not limited, to
the following: Computer or electronic program files and data, test questions, answer sheets and
test booklets.
(e) Private Individuals - those persons who are not yet considered government employees as well
as those former government employees who had been separated from the service. These shall also
cover individuals who are hired by government agencies based on job orders or contracts of
service, where no employment relationship subsists between these individuals and the hiring
agencies.
(f) Review Center - shall refer to entities, created or established formally or informally, by an
individual or group of individuals, to provide, conduct, specialize and/or assist individuals
(students, professionals, employees) or group of individuals through tutorial programs and/or
review classes or review programs, seminars/training programs, and advance subject/course
orientation, intensive and comprehensive test preparation, familiarity with scope of tests through
simulation activities and provision of documents or review materials, and proficiency
enhancement, sometimes with the assurance of passing or high possibility of passing the civil
service examination and other examinations conducted in coordination with and/or through the
assistance of the CSC.
SEC. 4. Statistically Improbable Results. - Any civil service examination result which shall be declared as
statistically improbable by the CSC shall be a prima facie evidence of the existence of an examination
irregularity or form of cheating.
SEC. 5. Unauthorized Possession of and/or Unauthorized Use of Examination Material. - The
unauthorized possession of and/or unauthorized use, reproduction and/or dissemination in any form of
examination materials, in whole or in part, by an individual, either private or government employee, group or
review center, from an unauthorized source, shall be considered an act of cheating and punishable under this SEC. 11. Repealing Clause. - All laws, presidential decrees, letters of instructions, executive orders, rules
Act. and regulations insofar as they are inconsistent with this Act are hereby repealed or amended as the case may
be.
SEC. 6. Powers and Functions. - To achieve these objectives, the CSC shall have the following powers and
functions, in addition to those provided for under Executive Order No. 292: SEC. 12. Effectivity. - This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its publication in the Official Gazette
or in a newspaper of general circulation.
(1) Exclusive jurisdiction over administrative cases involving examination irregularities.
Approved,
(2) Investigate and prosecute on its own or on complaint by any person, any examination
irregularity cases that may be committed by private individuals, groups or review centers. JOSE DE VENECIA JR. MANNY VILLAR
Speaker of the House of Representatives President of the Senate
(3) Request any government agency for assistance and information necessary in the effective
discharge of its responsibilities under this Act.
This Act which is a consolidation of Senate Bill No. 2512 and House Bill No. 4435 was finally passed by the
Senate and the House of Representatives on December 21, 2006 and January 31, 2007, respectively.
(4) Issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum for the production of documents and records
pertinent to its investigation and inquiries.
ROBERTO P. NAZARENO OSCAR G. YABES
Secretary General Secretary of Senate
(5) Punish for contempt any official, employees, or private individual who refuses without any
House of Represenatives
valid cause to extend assistance and information necessary in the discharge of its responsibilities
under this Act.
Approved: MARCH 25, 2007
(6) Take the primary role in continuously reviewing examinations systems and procedures to
ensure that the integrity of such examinations is not compromised. GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO
President of the Philippines
SEC. 7. Immunity. - Immunity from prosecution may be granted by the CSC to any person upon whose
testimony rests the prosecution and/or conviction of other individual/s or groups perpetrating examination
irregularities.

Those granted immunity shall be exempted from administrative and criminal prosecution.

SEC. 8. Penalties. - Any person who commits any of the prohibited acts covered by Section 3(b) above,
shall, upon conviction suffer the penalty of imprisonment of not less than six (6) years and one (1) day but
not more than twelve (12) years and a fine of not less than Fifty Thousand Pesos (P50,000.00): Provided,
that, if the offender is already a government employee the accessory penalties of dismissal from the service,
forfeiture of government benefits, cancellation of eligibility, bar from taking any government examination,
and perpetual disqualification from re-entering government service shall be imposed: Provided, further, that
if the offender is a nongovernment employee, the accessory penalties of disqualification from taking any
government examination and from entering the government service shall be imposed: Provided, finally, That
if the person found guilty is an employee, owner or member of the Board of Directors of a review center, he
shall be likewise penalized as provided in this Act and the license/permit to operate as review centers shall
likewise be revoked.

SEC. 9. Administrative Liability. - Any person found administratively liable under any of the acts mentioned
above, shall be liable for serious dishonesty and grave misconduct and shall be dismissed from the service
with all the accessory penalties for government employees. Nongovernment employees found
administratively liable shall be perpetually barred from entering government service and from taking any
government examination.

SEC. 10. Implementing Rules and Regulations. - The Civil Service Commission shall promulgate the rules
and regulations necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act.
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS Article 2

Adopted and proclaimed by United Nations General Assembly resolution 217 A(III) of 10 Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of
December 1948. any kind, such as race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social
origin, property, birth or other status.
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international
status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-
PREAMBLE
self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.

Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members
Article 3
of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,

Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.

Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have
outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy
freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest Article 4
aspiration of the common people,
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all
Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion their forms.
against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law,
Article 5
Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations,
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental
human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and
Article 6
women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger
freedom,
Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.
Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in cooperation with the United
Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental Article 7
freedoms,
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the
Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration
the full realization of this pledge, and against any incitement to such discrimination.

Now, therefore, Article 8

The General Assembly, Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating
the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.
Proclaims this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for
all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Article 9
Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these
rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States
themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.
Article 10
Article 1
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial
tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and
conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Article 11
1. Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty 2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.
according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defense.
Article 18
2. No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not
constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed.
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom
Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal
to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public
offence was committed.
or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.

Article 12
Article 19

No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold
correspondence, nor to attack upon his honor and reputation. Everyone has the right to the
opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any
protection of the law against such interference or attacks.
media and regardless of frontiers.

Article 13
Article 20

1. Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each State.
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.

2. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.
2. No one may be compelled to belong to an association.

Article 14
Article 21

1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.
1. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely
chosen representatives.
2. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political
crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
2. Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his country.

Article 15
3. The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will shall be
expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and
1. Everyone has the right to a nationality. shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures.

2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his
nationality.
Article 16
1. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the
right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during
marriage and at its dissolution.
Article 22
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization,
through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and
resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity
and the free development of his personality.
Article 23

2. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses. 1. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favorable conditions of
work and to protection against unemployment.
3. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by
society and the State. 2. Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work.

Article 17 3. Everyone who works has the right to just and favorable remuneration ensuring for himself and
his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means
of social protection.
1. Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
4. Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests. 2. In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as
are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights
and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the
Article 24
general welfare in a democratic society.

Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and
3. These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles
periodic holidays with pay.
of the United Nations.

Article 25
Article 30

1. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself
Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right
and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services,
to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and
and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or
freedoms set forth herein.
other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.

2. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born
in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.

Article 26

1. Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and
fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional
education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all
on the basis of merit.

2. Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the
strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote
understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall
further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.

3. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.

Article 27

1. Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts
and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.

2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any
scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.

Article 28

Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in
this Declaration can be fully realized.

Article 29

1. Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his
personality is possible.