Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2
PLC Selection, Components,
and Communication
Objectives
• Identify important questions to determine
which PLC device to purchase.
• Distinguish between Allen-Bradley fixed and
modular SLC 500 processors.
• Select modular Allen-Bradley SLC 500
series processor and chassis.
• Select input or output modules for Allen-
Bradley SLC 500 PLCs.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Objectives
• Recognize how to connect sensors and
switches to PLC ports.
• Describe the different types of PLC memory.
• Describe the method to connect PLC devices
to programming modules.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
PLC Selection
• Factors:
– Manufacturer’s support.
– Serviceability.
– Flexibility.
– Expandability.
– Programming software.
– Training.
– Documentation.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Allen-Bradley SLC 500
Components
• For Allen-Bradley SLC 500 PLC, select
either:
– Fixed PLC.
– Modular PLC.
• In a single housing, a fixed PLC has
– the processor (CPU).
– power supply.
– I/O modules.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Allen-Bradley SLC 500
Components (Cont.)
• Modular Allen-Bradley SLC 500 PLCs:
– Chassis.
– Power supply.
– Processor.
– I/O modules.
• Allen-Bradley refers to the central
processing unit (CPU) as processor.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Chassis
• In an Allen-Bradley
SLC 500 modular
PLC, provides
electrical current to:
– Processor.
– Input module.
– Output modules.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Chassis (Cont.)
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Chassis (Cont.)
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Chassis (Cont.)
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Chassis (Cont.)
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Power Supply
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Processor
• Allen-Bradley SLC
500 modular
processors:
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I/O Modules
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I/O Modules (Cont.)
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I/O Modules (Cont.)
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
I/O Modules (Cont.)
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Wiring Connection Diagram
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Wiring
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Wiring (Cont.)
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Sourcing
• Sourcing occurs
when the current
flows out of the
PLC port.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Sinking
• Sinking occurs
when the current
flows into the PLC
port.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
PLC Memory Expansion and
Usage
• User memory:
– Holds the ladder logic program.
– About 75% of the total memory.
• System memory:
– Stores information needed to execute the
user program.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
PLC Memory Expansion and
Usage (Cont.)
• Input status: holds the status of discrete input ports.
• Output status: holds the status of discrete output
ports.
• Timers’ status: holds the preset values and the
accumulated values of the timers.
• Counters’ status: holds the preset values and the
accumulated values of the counters.
• Math and logic instructions’ status: used for
instructions such as addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division, sequencer, shift registers, and
comparison.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
PLC Memory Expansion and
Usage (Cont.)
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
PLC Communication
Systems
• PLCs communicate with:
– Industrial input and output devices.
– Peripheral control components.
• PCs.
• Printers.
• Display panels.
• Peripheral interfaces.
• Programming devices.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
PLC Communication
Systems (Cont.)
• Allen-Bradley SLC 500 PLCs:
– Channel 0 is used to attach peripheral
devices.
– Channel 1 is used to communicate with
other PLCs and PCs.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
PLC Communication
Systems (Cont.)
• All of the Allen-Bradley SLC 500 PLCs have
a Channel 1, but only the SLC 5/03, 5/04,
and 5/05 also have a Channel 0.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
PLC Communication
Systems (Cont.)
• Network communications:
– DH-485.
– DH+.
– Ethernet.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
PLC Communication
Systems (Cont.)
• DF1:
– Provides serial communications through
an RS-232 interface.
– Can be used for remote communications
through a modem or radio modem,
monitoring PLC status, and programming.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
PLC Communication
Systems (Cont.)
• Two types of DF1 communications:
– Full-duplex.
– Half-duplex.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
PLC Communication
Systems (Cont.)
• Full-duplex:
– DF1 allows for two-way communications
between two devices.
• Half-duplex:
– DF1 allows for communications in one
direction at a time in a network of up to
255 devices.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
ASCII
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Serial Communication
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Baud (Bd) Rate
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Framing
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Framing (Cont.)
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Parity
• Parity bit:
– Turned on or off to make transmitted data
to have either an odd number of ones
(i.e., odd parity) or an even number of
ones (i.e., even parity).
• Parity bit check:
– Used to find transmission errors.
• Errors come in the form of lost or changed
bits.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Parity (Cont.)
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
DTE and DCE
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DTE and DCE (Cont.)
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Channeling Systems
• Three ways to
channel
communication:
– Simplex.
– Half duplex.
– Full duplex.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Channeling Systems (Cont.)
• Simplex channeling:
– When the DTE either transmits data to or
receives data from the DCE.
– Will not do both.
– Data flows only in one direction.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Channeling Systems (Cont.)
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Channeling Systems (Cont.)
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Programming Module (PM)
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Hand-held Programmer
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Dedicated Programmer
Module
• Used for larger PLC
systems.
• Permanently left in
the PLC circuit.
• Maintenance
personnel can use
it to modify or
troubleshoot the
PLC programs.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Personal Computer (PC) or
Laptop Computer
• Can be used to
program a PLC.
• A device that
bridges
communication
between two
different interfaces
must be used
between the PC or
laptop and the PLC.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Communication Settings
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Common Communication
Settings
– Off: System cannot run or be programmed.
– Offline program: PLC’s program can be
modified while the system is not running.
– Disable: Turns all the PLC outputs off or
sets them to the inoperable state.
– Run: System can run, but its program
cannot be altered.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Common Communication
Settings (Cont.)
– Online Monitor/Run: Turns on to display
the PLC program while the PLC is running.
– Forced: Allows system to run and allows
the program to be modified while the
system is running.
© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Forced Mode
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