Biol 2420 Lecture 9

Capillaries:

small thin and very numerous

have 5% of the blood at rest

composed of one layer of endothelial cells encased by a basolamina

HIGHLY PERMEABLE TO LIPID SOLUBLE SUBSTANCES

2 kinds of caps

1. Continuous

small waterfilled channels and intracellular pores between cells

i exchange sites for watersoluble substances

ii largely impermeable to macromolecules

2. Fenestrated

loose fitting cells, large spaces

in kidney, intestines, liver, and bone marrow

Movement across cap. walls

2 purposes

a. exchange of material btwn blood and cells

rapid diffusion of small solutes across cap walls down PP gradient

certain prots. are selectively transported across by transcytosis

b. maintain fluid balance btwn plasma and isf

distribution in dynamic equilibrium because of filtration and absorption of fluid

movement via bulk flow of proteinfree plasma across channels and pores by
HYDROSTATIC and COLLOID OSMOTIC PRESSURE gradients
STARLING FORCES

Pc = the capillary hydrostatic pressure

favours FILTRATION

declines as blood moves to venule side

Pi = ISF hydrostatic pressure

favours ABSORPTION

Net P: Pc-Pi at any given point in cap. always favours filtration along cap

*after hemorrhage P decreases

Pic = plasma Colloid-osmotic pressure

favours ABSORPTION

Pii = ISF colloid-osmotic pressure

favours FILTRATION

Net Pi: Pic-Pii favours absorption

Net Fluid Movement = NetP - NetPi

favours filtration till a little after halfway through (excluding in kidneys)

overall lose water

if hemorrhage there is more absorption