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Energy conservation for heat transfer – problems and solutions

1. 1 kg water at 100oC mixed with 1 kg water at 10oC in an isolated system. The specific heat of water
is 4200 J/kg oC. Determine the final temperature of the mixture!
Known :
Mass of hot water (m1) = 1 kg
Temperature of hot water (T1) = 100oC
Mass of cold water (m2) = 1 kg
Temperature of cold water (T2) = 10oC
Wanted : The final temperature (T)
Solution :
Heat lost = Heat gained (isolated system)
m c ΔT = m c ΔT
m ΔT = m ΔT
m1 (T1 - T) = m2 (T - T2)
(1)(100 - T) = (1)(T - 10)
100 – T = T – 10
100 + 10 = T + T
110 = 2T
T = 110 / 2
T = 55
The final temperature is 55oC.

2. A 3 kg block of lead at 80o placed in 10 kg of water. The specific heat of lead is 1400 J.kg -1C-1 and
the specific heat of water is 4200 J.kg -1C-1. The final temperature in thermal equilibrium is 20oC.
Determine the initial temperature of water!
Known :
Mass (m1) = 3 kg
The specific heat of lead (c1) = 1400 J.kg-1C-1
The temperature of lead (T1) = 80 oC
Mass of water (m2) = 10 kg
The specific heat of water (c2) = 4200 J.kg-1C-1
The temperature of thermal quilibrium (T) = 20 oC
Wanted : The initial temperature of water (T2)
Solution :

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