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Work-mechanical energy principle – problems and solutions

1. A 2-kg box decelerated from 10 m/s to rest. The coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.2. Acceleration
due to gravity is 10 m/s2. What is the magnitude of displacement ?

Known ;
Mass (m) = 2 kg
Initial velocity (vo) = 10 m/s
Final velocity (vt) = 0 m/s
The coefficient of kinetic friction (μk) = 0.2
weight (w) = m g = (1 kg)(10 m/s2) = 10 kg m/s2 = 10 N
Wanted : The magnitude of displacement (d)
Solution :
The work-mechanical energy principle :
Wnc = ΔEM
Wnc = ΔEK + ΔEP
Wnc = ½ m (vt2 – vo2) + m g h

Wnc = work done by nonconservative force acting on the object

ΔEK = the change in kinetic energy
ΔEP = the change in potential energy
m = mass
v = velocity
g = acceleration due to gravity
h = the change in height

The change in height h = 0 so ΔEP = 0

Wnc = ΔEK

Work done by nonconservative force :

Wnc = -Fc d = - μk N d = - μk w d = - μk m g d
Wnc = -(0.2)(2)(10)(s)
Wnc = - (4)(2)
The minus sign indicates that the direction of kinetic friction force is opposite with the direction of
displacement.

The change in kinetic energy :

ΔEK = ½ m (vt2 – vo2) = ½ (2)(0 – 102) = 0 – 100 = -100

The magnitude of displacement :

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