A.

BACKGROUND

We pick-up problem of AIDS in this paper we want to know more about all things related to the
AIDS problem. As well all know,AIDS is a disease that has no cure and no vacine that can prevent
the HIV virus attacks,so that this disease is one disease that is very dangerous to human life both
now and the time comes.Beside AIDS can also lead to suffering,both in terms of physcal and
mental.Perhaps you have received information through print,electronick or
seminars,about how miserable a person suffering from AIDS.In temrs of physical,suffering is
possible,do not look directly because we can see new symptoms after a few months.But in terms of
mental people who knew him will feel the AIDS disease of prolonged agony.All this indicates that
the problem of AIDS is a major problem of all our lives.
With these consideration and the reasons why we as students,as par tof community members
and as the nations next generation,feel the need to pay attention to it.There fore we discuss in this
paper.

B. THEOLOGICAL PROBLEM

Formulation of the problem is the formulation prepared to understand what and how the problem
under study. In accordance with the title of this paper, namely the danger of AIDS and how to
prevent the formulation of the problem are:
“What is the danger of AIDS and how to prevent it”.

C. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

As our goal to raise the issue of AIDS in this paper is to riview and find out what exactly it is
AIDS,why AIDS need spesial attention,an how the sympytoms. in adition we also want to know how
the tranmission of AIDS,anyone who is likely to catch AIDS, how AIDS situation in indonesia, as
well as every thing associatted with AIDS.

D. BENEFITS OF RESEARCH

The benefits that we want to achieve is to provide information to readers, particularly for fellow
students and young people about AIDS, and thus we are all trying to avoid anything that might cause
 AIDS. Although the information we provide through this paper only a small and probably still has
flaws, but at least the contents of this paper can serve as clause to find out AIDS it self.

E. METHOD OF WRITING

In making its report, the author uses a descriptive method of writing to describe or explain what
is formulated in the problem.

F. DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUE

The technique used by authors in the collection of data that is looking for information on the
internet and download it.

CHAPTER II
DANGER AIDS and its prevention HIV and AIDS

HIV AND AIDS

HIV( Human immuno-Devesiensi) is a virus that lives only in the human body,which can
damage the human immune system.AIDS( Immuno-Deviensi Acguired Syndromer) is a collection of
symptoms deecreased sympotms of diases immune to attack from outside.

DANGERS OF AIDS
 JV which has been suffering from the AIDS virus will become carriers and the transmitters of
AIDS during his life,altough do not feel sick ang look health.AIDS is also said to be a dangerous
disease because until now there is no cure or vaccine that can prevent the AIDS virus.Also people
are infected with the AIDS virus will feel the mental pressure and anguish because most people
arround him will isolate or away from it.And the suffering it will increase again due to the high cost of
treatment.Another danger that AIDS is declining immune system.So that the disease attacks a
normally harmless will cause illness or even death.

Symptoms of AIDS

Since the first person infected with HIV,the virus will live in his body,but the person does not
show symptoms of illness but look how healthy,active.productive as ussual.Because the symptoms
of AIDS appear after+3 months.
As for the symptoms of AIDS it self is:
a. Weight loss drastically.
b. Prolonged fever(more than 38 0C)
c. Enlarged lymph that arrise with out cause.
d. Diarrhoea or prolonged diarrhea.
e. The emergence of bluish red patches on the skin( skin cancer or sancoma SARKOM)
f. Shortness of breath and persistent cough.
g. Sprue that does not heal.

All these are symptom that we see in people with AIDS,which will eventually and in death.

Transmission of AIDS

Previously the AIDS virus is not contagious influenza virus.We do not Usak too alienting or
away from people with AIDS,because AIDS will not be transmitted by the way-way below:
a. Living at home with people with AIDS(origin not hold a sexual relationship).
b. Touched or shaken hands with an infected person.
c. In Contact with clothes and other junk people with AIDS.
d. Eating and Drinking.
e. Bites of mosquitoes and other insects
f. Equally swim in the pool.
The cause spread of AIDS can occur through the following ways:
a. Sexual intercourse with someone who has HIV.
b. Tranfusion of blood cintaining the HIV virus.
c. Through syringes,acupuncture,tattoting and piercing equipment already in use people with the AIDS
virus.
d. The relationship of prenatal, namely the transfer of the virus from pregnant mothers who suffered
from AIDS to the fetus.

E. HIGH RISK GROUP OF INFECTED WITH AIDS

a. They are often Sexual intercourse outside marriage, such as female and male prostitutes and their
clients.Those who have a sexual partner corpulent example: homo sex ( intercourse with other man )
, and besexual ( sexual intercourse with other woman ) , transvestites and pimps.
b. Recipients of blood transfusions.
c. Babies born to mothers suffering from the AIDS virus.
d. Injection of narcotic addicts.
e. Pairs of people with AIDS.

HOW TO AIDS PREVENTION

a. Avoid sexual relations outside marriage. Try to only relate to one sexual partner, did not related to
other people.
b. Use condoms for high risk when having sexual intercourse.
c. Mother,whose blood was examined and found to contain a virus, should not be pregnant. Because it
will move the AidS virus on the fetus.
d. The group recommended that high risk to become blood donors.
e. The use of needles and other tools (acupuncture, tattooing, piercing ) must be guaranteed
sterilations.
 The efforts that can be done by the government in an attempt to prevent the transmission of
AIDS is, for example: providing information, counseling or information to the entire community about
all some thing related to AIDS, which is through open seminars, through distribution of brochures or
posters associated with AIDS, or through advertisements in various media both print and media
elektronik. Information continuously and sustainably, to all levels of society, so that public can know
the dangers of AIDS, so try to avoid everything that could virus causing AIDS.

BUSINESS WORK DONE IF AIDS VIRUS INFECTED

Efforts undertaken infected with the AIDS virus is also called the application of new
treatment strategies. In the treatment of HIV / AIDS is very important to know the dynamics of HIV,
as well as the course of disease (pathogenesis ) so that it can action and timery treatment. Some
hope and good news can be noted from the meetings “ van couver “ in Canada today is pretty much
anti-HIV drugs are effective for the treatment combinations. Several protease inhibitors and anti-HIV
drugs currenly in the final stages to get permission. In addition there are also checks “ viral loard “
the process is easier in the detection of HIV RNA in the blood. And all the above efforts should be in
tunjang by the motivations of people with AIDS it self. For example for those who belong to a grouf
at high risk of AIDS is always checked his blood on a regular basis, at least 3-6 months, for the
safety of their sexual partners. And no less important is to draw closer to god almighty. Namely by
performing acts of worshif are ordered and tried to stay away from all the for bidden, so that the
suppering that is felt not too heavy.
And for the people should not appoid alienathing those who are inpected with AIDS, but is
should give encouragement or enthusiasm for life, for example through homilies can
menumbuhkan confidence, so that those whohave been suffering from the AIDS virus did not
despair inhis life. With the above efforts, surely the problem of AIDS can be overcome, most can not
be preventif as early as possible, espiceally if there is participation of all parties.

CHAPTER III
CLOSING
A. CONCLUSION
God almighty, have the fower to regulate everything that exists on earth. He created the
universe and everything in it. Likewise with all the events that happen on earth such as: happines,
 sadness of natural disasters, births, deaths, etc. Comes the HIV/AIDS is one of the major events in
the history of human life.
HIV is a virus that lives in the human body, and can couse the onset of AIDS, which destroys
the human immune system, making the body susceptible to disease and I am will eventually die, it is
human nature to always want to feel enjoyment regardless of the consequences, for example:
committed adultery, injection drug us, and soon. We mankind have known that such actions are
strictly prohibited, either according to their respective religious teachings or rules applicable law. But
from some of us still do these things, for example: homosexsuals, bisexsuals, pimps, and people
who opten have multiple sexual partners and sexual relations outside marriage. And dangerous until
now has not found a cure.
As for the symptoms that we can look at AIDS patients is prolonged fever accompanied night
sweats and cough, with drastic weight loss, etc wich will end with death. Therefore, we should shy
away from things that can cause AIDS, through prevention eg: not having sexual relations freely,
avoid injections drug use, and soon.
AIDS is an emergency trial or event the punishment of God, which never is assumed by
mankind. But, however the weight given trial, the lord almight. Will always open the way for his
people. For example: now, in Canada there has been an effective anti-HIV drugs for the treatment
combinations. AIDS is not necessarily the problem will spread, if done early prevention, especially if
there is participation of all parties.

B. ADVICE
1) We should always draw closer to God Almighty, and tried to shy away from things that can cause
AIDS.
2) Do not engage in sexual relations outside marriage (adultery), and do not have multiple sexual
partners.
3) If the treatment by using a syringe, then make sure first that the syringe is sterile or not.
4) When doing a blood transfusion, first
5) For young people, stay away from drugs, especially narcotics through a syringe, tattoo equipment,
piercing earrings, and the like that could transmit AIDS, because the tools did not exist

Diposkan oleh caracaradanpengertian d

Etiology of HIV AIDS

Etiology of HIV AIDS - HIV is a type of virus that can cause immune deficiency in humans. As well as other
viruses, HIV can only live by attaching to host cells. HIV infection will continue on the disease AIDS. AIDS
is a disease caused by the body's immune system decline syndrome. Decreased immune system or
immune system will make it easier patient infected with another disease, known as opportunistic
infections. Opportunistic infections will get worse, can even cause death.
Based on the symptoms shown, there are two categories of people with AIDS, which is a positive and a
negative AIDS patients. Positifi AIDS patients are infected with the HIV virus and is showing symptoms of
opportunistic infections. While the negative AIDS patients are infected with the HIV virus but not
showing symptoms of opportunistic infections.

AIDS is a disease that is feared because no one has been able to cure. In other words, the disease has a
mortality rate of up to 100%.

How does HIV virus attack?

HIV is a type of retrovirus RNA and an inert particles, in which he can not perform at all unless the
activity is within the target cell. The HIV virus has a major target cells, ie Lymfosit T cells, because these
cells have the CD-4, a type of receptor the HIV virus. Once in the target cell, HIV will develop dang is
infectious, where it can be transmitted and can be activated at any time.

The HIV virus can live and thrive in body fluids, such as tears, saliva, semen, and blood. In addition to a
role in body fluids, the virus can also be found in the cells of the body, including brain tissue glial cells,
monocytes, and makrotag.

The outside of the virus is composed of fat, which is not resistant to heat and chemicals. So that the
virus is easily turned off by a variety of chemicals, such as disinfectants, and are sensitive to
environmental influences, especially heat, for example sunlight stinging. Although sensitive to sunlight,
but the HIV virus is relatively resistant to ultraviolet radiation. The HIV virus has a core part called core,
and a sheath part which dinamanakan envelop.

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The incubation period

HIV virus incubation period between 5-12 years, depending on the person's immune system. The
incubation period is the period of time needed to cause symptoms since first exposure or infection.
During this incubation period, the patient does not show any symptoms, so it is not aware of the
existence of a virus attack.

In this phase, the immune system is still able to fight the virus, so that the symptoms are caused not so
visible. However, people living with HIV in the incubation period has the potential to be transmitting the
virus to others. Transmission can occur in various ways, depending on the pattern of virus transmission.
The absence of these symptoms it is very dangerous, because people feel healthy and do not realize that
he suffered from infections. This will certainly facilitate transmission, due to the lack of anticipation

Patofisiologi

HIV belong to the group of viruses known as retroviruses which indicates that the virus carries its genetic
material in ribonucleic acid (RNA) and not in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). HIV virions (virus particles are
exhaustive and covered by a protective sheath) containing RNA in a truncated bullet-shaped core where
p24 is the major structural component. Button protruding through the wall consists of protein gp120
virus related to the gp41 protein. Section which selectively binds to cells posisitf CD4 (CD4 +) is gp120 of
HIV.

Cells CD4-positive (CD4 +) include monocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes T4 helper (called CD4 +
cells that is associated with HIV infection); These T4 helper lymphocytes are the cells most of the three
cells above. After the membrane bound with T4 helper cells, HIV will inject two pieces of string of RNA
that are identical to the T4 helper cells. By using an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase, HIV will
perform reprogramming the genetic material of an infected T4 cells to create double-stranded DNA
(double-stranded DNA). This DNA will be incorporated into the cell nucleus T4 as a provirus and then a
permanent infection.

According to Smeltzer HIV replication cycle is restricted in this stage until the infected cells enabled.
Activation of the infected cells can be implemented by the antigen, mitogen, cytokine (TNF alpha or
interleukin l) or viral gene products such as cytomegalovirus (CMV; cytomegalovirus), Epstein-Barr virus,
herpes simplex and hepatitis. As a result, when an infected T4 cell is activated, replication and HIV bud
formation will occur and T4 cells will be destroyed. HIV newly formed is then released into the blood
plasma cells and infect other CD4 +.

HIV infection in monocytes and macrophages seem to take place in a persistent and do not result in
significant cell death, but the cells that became a reservoir for HIV that the virus could be hidden from
the immune system throughout the body and transported it to infect a system through various body
tissues. Most of the networks that can contain molecules CD4 + or have the ability to produce it.

Numerous studies show that after the initial infection, approximately 25% of the cells of the lymph
nodes will be infected by HIV as well. Viral replication will continue throughout the course of HIV
infection; The primary place are lymphoid tissue. When the immune system is stimulated. viral
replication will occur and the virus spreads into the blood plasma that resulted in subsequent infection
on CD4 + cells to another. More recent research shows that the immune system in HIV infection are
more active than previously thought, as evidenced by the production of as many as two billion CD4 +
lymphocytes per day. The overall population of CD4 + cells of peripheral will experience "the turn (turn
over)" every 15 days.

HIV production speeds are expected related to the health status of people who have contracted the
infection. If the person is not at war with other infections; HIV reproduction has been slow. However,
the reproduction of HIV appears to be accelerated if the sufferer is facing another infection or if the
immune system is stimulated. This may explain the latent period is shown by some patients after HIV
infection. For example, a patient may be free of symptoms for decades; even so, the majority of HIV-
infected people (up to 65%) still suffer from symptomatic HIV or AIDS within 10 years after the person is
infected. In the immune response, T4 lymphocytes play some important role, namely: recognizing
foreign antigens, activating B lymphocytes that produce antibodies, stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocytes,
produce lymphokines and defend the body against parasitic infections. If the T4 lymphocyte function is
compromised, microorganisms that usually do not cause disease will have a chance to invade and cause
serious illness. Infections and malignancies that arise as a result of an immune system disorder called
opportunistic infections.