I NDE X

Aaron, Daniel, 49 Arendt, Hannah, 251, 420; works by,

Abelove, Henry, 301 mentioned/quoted: The Origins of
Abstract Expressionism, 392, 393, 395 Totalitarianism, 251
Acker, Kathy, 336 Arensberg, Walter, 190, 208
Act of Uniformity (UK, 1662), 18 Aristotle, 433
Action Painting/painters, 428 Armory Show (New York, 1915), 208
Adams, John, 2, 181, 219 Arnold, Matthew, 104, 151, 169, 409
Addison, Joseph, 30 Artaud, Antonin, 360
Addonizio, Kim, 431 Ashbery, John, 252, 253–254, 255, 265,
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 306, 391–393, 398–405 passim, 428;
(Twain), 5 works by, mentioned/quoted: As We
Agassiz, Louis, 47 Know, 402; “As You Came from the
Aiken, Conrad, 11 Holy Land,” 306; “Clepsydra,” 401;
Albers, Josef, 342 The Double Dream of Spring, 401–402;
Alboni, Marrietta, 95–96 “Europe,” 401; Flow Chart, 402;
Aldridge, Owen, 84 Houseboat Days, 402; “The Instruction
Alexander, Elizabeth, 142 manual,” 400; “Litany,” 402; “The
Alexie, Sherman, 435 Other Tradition,” 402; “The Picture of
Allan, John (Edgar Allan Poe’s foster father), Little J.A. in a Prospect of Flowers,”
77, 78–79 400; Rivers and Mountains, 401;
Allen, Donald, 340–341, 350, 427; War of Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror, 306,
the Anthologies and, 425–427 works by, 402; “The Skaters,” 401; Some Trees,
mentioned/quoted: The New American 398; “Soonest Mended,” 400, 403;
Poetry, 340, 350, 427 “Street Musicians,” 402; “Syringa,” 402;
Amherst College, 123, 128, 129, 161 The Tennis Court Oath, 401; Three
Amini, Johari, 324 Poems, 402; “Two Scenes,” 400; “And
Anderson, John M., 273 Ut Pictura Poesis is Her Name,” 402
Anderson, Thomas, 182–183 Auden, W.H., 164, 190, 239, 242, 300,
Andrewes, Lancelot, 234 305, 350, 398, 399, 400, 409, 421,
Angelou, Maya, 142; works by, mentioned/ 427; works by, mentioned/quoted: “In
quoted: I Know Why the Caged Bird Memory of W.B. Yeats,” 421; “Musée
Sings, 142 des Beaux Arts,” 300
Antheil, George, 218 Avedon, Richard, 232
Anthology wars (See War of the
Anthologies) Bacon, Francis, 234, 238
Anthony, Susan B., 181, 183 Bailey, Deford, 278
Antin, David, 429 Baker, Josephine, 274
Apollinaire, Guillaume, 263, 392, 393 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 433

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 Index

Baldwin, James, 294; works by, mentioned/ Helena Morley, and Max Jacob; works
quoted: review of Langston Hughes’ by, mentioned/quoted: “Armadillo,”
Selected Poems, 294 305; “The Bight,” 313; “Chemin de
Baltimore Afro-American (newspaper), 275 Fer,” 309; “Cirque d’hiver,” 310; A
Bancroft, George, 38 Cold Spring, 303, 306; “Crusoe in
Baraka, Amiri, 215, 316, 324, 428 England,” 305, 311–313; “Current
Barbauld, Anna Laetitia, 36; works by, Dreams,” 310; “Dream–,” 310; “A
mentioned/quoted: Eighteen Hundred Drunkard,” 308; Edgar Allan Poe & the
and Eleven, 36 Juke-Box: Uncollected Poems, Drafts,
Barlow, Joel, 1–2, 33, 35, 40; works by, and Fragments (ed. Alice Quinn), 305;
mentioned/quoted: Columbiad, 1–2, 3, “The End of March,” 309; “The Fish,”
33; “Vision of Columbus,” 33 310–311, 313; “Gentleman of Shalott,”
Barnard, Ellsworth, 147 304–305, 309; Geography III, 303;
Barnett, Ida B. Wells, 280 “The Imaginary Iceberg,” 303; “In the
Bartlett, John, 160 Village,” 301–302; “In the Waiting
Baudelaire, Charles, 304; 313; Room,” 302, 305; “Love Lies Sleeping,”
works by, mentioned/quoted: 309; “Man-Moth,” 302, 312; “The
“Correspondences,” 313 Map,” 303, 305, 309; “A Miracle for
Baym, Nina, 36 Breakfast,” 310; “The Moose,” 307,
Beach, Christopher, 350 313; “Night City,” 313; North & South,
Beach, Joseph Warren, 170 302–303; “One Art,” 306, 307–308,
Beatles, The, 231, 425; works by, mentioned/ 309, 311; “Over 2,000 Illustrations and
quoted: Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts a Complete Concordance,” 306; “Paris,
Club Band, 425 7 A.M.,” 309; “Pink Dog,” 312; “Poem,”
Beaton, Cecil, 232 308; “Quai d’Orléans,” 303; Questions
Beats, The (poets/writers), 211, 221, 329, of Travel, 304, 311; “Sandpiper,” 306;
358, 391, 427 “Sestina,” 304, 310; “Sleeping on the
Beckett, Samuel, 217 Ceiling,” 309; “The Weed,” 310
Beecher, Henry Ward, 94 Black Arts Movement, 273, 316, 323–325
Beethoven, Ludwig van, 54 (See also Fisk Negro Writers
Bell, Josh, 435 Conference (1967)
Bennett, Gwendolyn, 281, 284; works by, Black Mountain School (of poets/artists),
mentioned/quoted: “Fantasy,” 281; 221, 252, 340–354 passim, 427
“Song,” 281 Blackburn, Paul, 340
Bentley, Gladys, 279 Blackmur, R.P., 189
Benton, Joel, 66 Blake, David Haven, 52; works by,
Bergson, Henri, 216, 245, 261 mentioned/quoted: Whitman and
Berkeley Renaissance/San Francisco Celebrity, 52
Renaissance, 305, 350, 352, 355, 356, Blake, Eubie, 278
359, 364, 368–369 Blake, William, 258, 259, 300, 348, 367,
Bernstein, Charles, 252, 429 376, 409, 433; works by, mentioned/
Berryman, John, 317, 336, 427 quoted: “Marriage of Heaven and
Berthoff, Warner, 260 Hell,” 433
Bidart, Frank, 430 Bland, Ed, 320
Bilgere, George, 435 Blaser, Robin, 351, 352, 355, 359, 361,
Binyon, Laurence, 217 363, 364
Bird, Robert Montgomery, 32; works by, BLAST (magazine, London), 217
mentioned/quoted: Calavar, 37 Bloom, Harold, 265, 401, 403
Bishop, Elizabeth, 231, 241, 300–315 Blumenthal, Michael, 435
passim, 329, 336, 426, 427; as Bly, Robert, 428, 431
translator of Octavio Paz’s “Objects Boldereff, Frances, 342, 351
and Apparitions,” 304; and “January Bontemps, Arna, 272, 282, 289
First,” 313; of Clarice Lispector, Booth, Junius Brutus, 93–94

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 Index
Bowman, Catherine, 431
Brackenridge, Henry Hugh, 33; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “The Rising Glory of
America” (with Philip Freneau), 33
Bradstreet, Anne 10–17 passim, 19, 20,
21; works by, mentioned/quoted: “An
Author to Her Book,” 15; “As Weary
Pilgrim,” 17; “By By,” 13; “Childhood,”
13; “Contemplations,” 16–17; “A
Dialogue Between Old England and
New,” 14; “The Four Ages of Man,” 13;
“The Four Elements,” 13; “The Four
Humours,” 13; “The Four Monarchies,”
14; “The Four Seasons,” 13; “In
Honour of that High and Mighty
Princess, Queen Elizabeth,” 12–13; The
Quaternions, 13; “In Reference to Her
Children,” 13; Several Poems Compiled
with Great Variety of Wit and Learning,
17; The Tenth Muse, 10, 16, 17
Bradstreet, Simon, 11
Braithwaite, William Stanley, 271, 284
Brancusi, Constantin, 218, 240
Brando, Marlon, 372
Braque, Georges, 176, 178
Bread Loaf School of English and Writers’
Conference, 161
Bredle, Jason, 435
Breton, Andre, 392
Briggs, Cyril, 275
Brissett, Wilson, 19, 20
Brooks, Gwendolyn, 5, 127, 316–326
passim, 428; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Annie Allen, 317, 319, 321; The
Bean Eaters, 322–323; “The Blackstone
Rangers,” 324; “The Chicago Defender
Sends a Man to Little Rock,” 323;
Family Pictures, 325; In The Mecca,
323; “Leftist Orator Pleasantly Punishes
the Gropers,” 323; Maude Martha,
317, 319, 320–322, 323, 325; Report
from Part One, 316, 324; “Riot,” 324;
A Street in Bronzeville, 5, 317, 318,
321; “Sundays of Satin Legs Smith,”
318–319; “The Wall,” 324; “We Real
Cool,” 323
Brooks, Maria, 34, 41; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Zophiel; or, The Bride of Seven,
41–43passim
Brown v. Board of Education (US Supreme
Court decision, 1954), 221
Brown, John, 4, 109
Brown, Oscar Jr., 324
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Brown, Sterling, 271, 282; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “Cabaret,” 282;
“Coolwell Vignette,” 282; “Frankie
and Johnny,” 282; “Odyssey of Big
Boy,” 274; “Puttin’ On the Dog,” 282;
“Southern Road,” 274; “Sporting
Beasley,” 282; “Strange Legacies,” 282;
“Virginia Portrait,” 282
Browne, Thomas, 234
Brownell, Henry Howard, 4, 107; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “The Battle of the
Bay,” 107; “The Battle of Charlestown,”
4; War Lyrics and Other Poems, 107
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 124
Browning, Robert, 104, 144, 153, 216, 223
Brucker, Johann Jakob, 42
Bryant, William Cullen, 2, 3, 34, 40–41, 42,
43, 62, 78, 85; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “The Ages,” 3; “The
Conjunction of Jupiter and Venus,”
40; “The Fountain,” 40; “The Night
Journey of a River,” 40; “The Prairies,”
2, 40; “Thanatopsis,” 40–41
Bryher (See Ellerman, Winifred)
Bulmer, Gertrude (mother of Elizabeth
Bishop), 301
Bunting, Basil, 209
Bunyan, John, 152
Burleigh, Harry, 278
Burroughs, Charles, 324
Burroughs, Margaret, 324
Burroughs, William S., 371, 374
Burton, Richard (the writer), 234
Butler, Samuel, 71
Butscher, Edward, 379–380
Byron, George Gordon Lord, 77, 81, 104
Caen, Herb, 370
Caesar, Julius, 70, 71, 281
Cage, John, 179, 184, 342, 392
Campbell, James Edwin, 276
Carlyle, Thomas, 69
Carroll, Paul, 340
Cartier-Bresson, Henri, 232
Cassady, Neil, 371, 374
Cather, Willa, 416
Catullus (Gaius Valerius), 217
Cavalcanti, Guido, 222
Celine, Louis-Ferdinand, 373
Celtic/Irish Literary Renaissance, 277
Cesaire, Aimé, 275
Cézanne, Paul, 193
Chamberlain, John, 342
445
 Index

Channing, Ellery, 62 Cornell, Joseph, 304

Chapman, John Jay, 5; works by, mentioned/ Cortés, Hernán, 35, 344
quoted: William Lloyd Garrison, 5 Cortez, Jayne, 429
Chateaubriand, François-René Costello, Bonnie, 232, 242
vicomte de, 42 Cowdry, Mae, 279; works by, mentioned/
Chaucer, Geoffrey, 215, 433 quoted: “A Brown Aesthete
Chernoff, Maxine, 431 Speaks,” 281
Chesnutt, Charles, 271, 276; works by, Cowley, Peggy, 268
mentioned/quoted: The Conjure Cox, Sidney, 164
Woman, 271 Crane, Hart, 8, 190, 249, 252–270
Chiasson, Dan, 166 passim, 271, 272, 383; debate with
Chicago Bee (newspaper), 275 Harriet Monroe: 259–260; works
Chicago Defender (newspaper), 27, 275, by, mentioned/quoted: “At Melville’s
316, 320, 323 Tomb,” 259; “Black Tambourine,”
Chicago Whip (newspaper), 275 272; “Cape Hatteras” (section of The
Child, Lydia Maria, 32, 37; works by, Bridge), 250, 263–265; The Bridge,
mentioned/quoted: Hobomok, 37 249–250, 260–265 passim; “The Broken
Childress, Alice, 277, 316, 319; works by, Tower,” 268; “My Grandmother’s Love
mentioned/quoted: Like One of the Letters,” 267; “Voyages II,” 266–267;
Family, 277 White Buildings, 260
Cicero, 336 Crane, Louise, 303
Civil War (American), 4, 88, 99, 106, 107, Crane, Stephen, 8, 107; works by,
108, 110, 113, 119, 249, 264, 273, 335 mentioned/quoted: Black Riders, 8; War
Civil War (English), 18 is Kind, 8
Clampitt, Amy, 127 Creeley, Robert 205, 252, 340–343 passim,
Clark, Tom, 351 346–347, 349, 350, 351, 427; works by,
Cocteau, Jean, 358; works by, mentioned/ mentioned/quoted: “As real as thinking,”
quoted: Orphée, 358 347; “The Immoral Proposition,” 350:
Coker, Simon, 6 Pieces, 347, 349; A Quick Graph, 347
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 81, 217, Crisis (newspaper, affiliated with the
367; works by, mentioned/quoted: NAACP), 4, 274, 275, 280, 287
Biographia Literaria, 81; “Kubla Khan,” Croll, Morris, 309; works by, mentioned/
57, 367 quoted: “The Baroque Style in
Collins, Billy, 431, 433 Prose,” 309
Columbus, Christopher, 2, 35–36, 43, Cromwell, Oliver, 18
249, 263 Cubism, 209, 391, 393
Communist Party of the United States of Cullen, Countee, 136, 139, 272, 273, 274,
America (CPUSA), 316, 389 277, 279, 280, 281, 282, 284, 287, 288;
Compromise of 1850 (US), 4 works by, mentioned/quoted: Caroling
Comstock, Anthony, 7 Dusk, 139, 280; “Colored Blues
Confessional Poetry/Confessional School, Singer,” 282; “For a Lady I Know,” 282;
300, 301, 305, 327, 358, 379–390 “Harlem Wine,” 273; “Heritage,” 281;
passim, 391, 427 “Incident,” 282; “Tableau,” 282; “To a
Confucius, 220, 222, 227; works by, Brown Boy,” 282; “To John Keats,” 277;
mentioned/quoted: The Book of Odes “Uncle Jim,” 282
(trans. Ezra Pound), 222 cummings, e.e., 239, 240, 343
Conrad, Alfred Haskell (former husband of Cunard, Nancy, 276
Adrienne Rich), 417 Cunningham, Merce, 342
Cook, Will Marion, 278
Cooper, James Fenimore, 32, 37; works Dada, 391
by, mentioned/quoted: Last of the Damas, Léon, 275
Mohicans, 37 Daniels, Jim, 431
Corman, Cid, 340, 351 Danner, Margaret, 138

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 Index
Dante, Alighieri, 104, 215, 226, 432; works
by, mentioned/quoted: Commedia, 226;
La Vita Nova, 222
Dartmouth, Earl of (See Legge, William, 2nd
Earl of Dartmouth)
Darwin, Charles, 112, 150, 311, 312, 313
Davidson, Lucretia, 41; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “Amir Kahn,” 41
Davidson, Michael, 362
Davis, Daniel Webster, 276
Davis, Frank Marshall, 317
de Beauvoir, Simone, 410
de Kooning, Elaine, 342
de Kooning, Willem, 342, 393, 428
de Rachewiltz, Boris, 222
Dean, James, 372, 397
Deep Image Poetry, 428
Defoe, Daniel, 311
Degas, Edgar, 304
del Valle, Lt. Gen. Pedro, 221
Demuth, Charles, 206; works by, mentioned:
“Tuberoses,” 206
Denham, John 33; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Cooper Hill, 33
Derricotte, Toi, 127
Derrida, Jacques, 355
Dickens, Charles, 122; works by, mentioned/
quoted: The Old Curiosity Shop, 122
Dickey, James, 152, 154, 155, 373, 428
Dickinson, Emily, 4, 119–135 passim, 138,
151, 357, 435; digital archives of:
Dickinson Electronic Archives, 123,
126–127; Emily Dickinson Archive,
123, 129–130; Emily Dickinson
Collection, 123, 128, 129–130; Emily
Dickinson’s Correspondences: A
Born-Digital Inquiry, 123, 126, 127;
Emily Dickinson’s Papers, 123, 128;
Radical Scatters: Emily Dickinson’s
Late Fragments and Related Texts,
1870–1886, 123, 127; fascicles of, 122;
works by, mentioned/quoted: “Because
I could not stop for death,” 130; “I
dwell in Possibility,” 126; “I think I was
enchanted,” 124; “It always felt to me –
a wrong,” 124; “Morning might come,”
129; “My Life had stood a Loaded
Gun,” 120; Poems of Emily Dickinson
(1890), 119; “Show me eternity,” 129;
“A solemn thing – it was I said,” 124;
“‘Speech’ – is a prank of Parliament,”
129; “This is my letter to the world,”
121; “’Tis glory’s overtakelessness,”
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131; “Wild nights – wild nights,” 121,
124 (See also Titanic Operas)
Dickinson, Susan, 119, 122, 124, 125, 127,
129, 131
Dickman, Matthew, 435
Digital Humanities, The, 125–131
Dobyns, Steven, 430
Dods, John Bovee, 96
Domingo, Wilfred, 275
Donaldson, Scott, 145
Donne, John, 19, 265, 302, 357
Donoghue, Denis, 147, 420 (on
Adrienne Rich)
Doolittle, Hilda, 215, 217, 233, 235, 240,
433; works by, mentioned/quoted:
Collected Poems, 233; HERmione, 215;
Hymen, 233
Dorn, Ed, 252, 340, 341, 342, 347, 348, 350,
351; Gunslinger, 341, 348
Dos Passos, John, 283; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Manhattan Transfer, 283
Douglas, Clifford Hugh, 218; “social credit”
theory of, 218
Douglass, Frederick, 1, 47, 273; works
by, mentioned/quoted: “What to the
American Slave is the 4th of July?,” 1
Doyle, Peter, 90
Dr. Seuss (See Geisel, Theodore Seuss)
Drake, Joseph Rodman, 85
Dred Scott v. Sanford (US Supreme Court
decision, 1857), 4
Dreiser, Theodore, 271
Dryden, John, 170; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “A Song for St. Cecilia’s
Day,” 170
Du Bartas, Guillaume, 12; works by,
mentioned/quoted: Divine Weekes and
Works, 13
DuBois, W.E.B., 3, 4, 6, 136, 137, 142,
271–272, 274, 278–279, 284, 285;
concept of “double consciousness,”
137, 140, 142, 271, 272; works
by, mentioned/quoted: “Criteria of
Negro Art,” 272; The Souls of Black
Folk, 3, 142
Duchamp, Marcel, 208; works by,
mentioned: “Nude Descending a
Staircase,” 208
Dudley, Thomas, 11–12
Dunbar Nelson, Alice, 139, 274, 279,
280, 281, 284; works by, mentioned/
quoted: The Goodness of St. Rocques,
280; Masterpieces of Negro Eloquence
447
 Index
Dunbar Nelson, Alice (cont.)
(as co-editor), 280; “The Proletariat
Speaks,” 281; “Snow in October,” 281;
Violets and Other Tales, 280
Dunbar, Paul Laurence, 6–7,
136–143 passim; commemoration of, at
the 1972 Dunbar Symposium, Dayton,
Ohio (138, 142), and at the 2006
Dunbar Symposium, Stanford University
(142); works by, mentioned/quoted: “An
Antebellum Sermon,” 138, 141, 271;
“Banjo Song,” 141; Candle Lightin’
Time, 140; “The Colored Soldiers,”
138; “Frederick Douglass,” 138; “Long
Ago,” 139–140; Lyrics of Love and
Laughter, 141; Lyrics of Lowly Life, 6,
141; Majors and Minors, 138; “A Negro
Love Song,” 138; “The Ol’ Tunes,” 141;
“The Poet,” 138, 139; “Sympathy,”
138; “We Wear the Mask,” 6, 138, 142;
“When Malindy Sings,” 138, 141
Duncan, Robert, 252, 340, 341, 342, 344,
346–349 passim, 350, 351, 355, 359,
427; works by, mentioned/quoted:
Fictive Certainties, 347; “Food for
Fire, Food for Thought,” 347; The
H.D. Book, 347; “The Homosexual
in Society,” 349, 355; “Ideas of the
Meaning of Form,” 347; “Notes on
Poetics Regarding Olson’s Maximus,”
348; “Pages from a Notebook,” 347;
“Poem Beginning with a Line by
Pindar,” 347, 348; “Poetry: A Natural
Thing,” 347; “Towards an Open
Universe,” 347
Dunn, Joe, 361
Dunn, Stephen, 431
Dwight, Timothy, 33, 35; works by,
mentioned/quoted: The Conquest of
Canaan, 35; “Greenfield Hill,” 33
Dybek, Stuart, 429
Dylan, Bob, 5, 425; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “Desolation Row,” 5
Eberhart, Richard, 369, 427; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “West Coast
Rhythms” (review), 369
Edson, Russell, 429, 431
Eigner, Larry, 340
Eisenhower, Dwight David (“Ike”), 333, 370
Eliot, T.S., 8, 137, 138, 161, 162, 164, 165,
169, 188, 189, 193, 203, 205, 206, 208,
217, 218, 219, 222, 225, 226, 235, 236,
448
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239, 241, 242, 245–257 passim, 258,
261, 262, 263, 265, 267, 271, 279, 283,
294, 316, 318, 329, 333, 336, 337, 345,
350, 358, 362, 366, 368, 371, 371, 391,
394, 427; “objective correlative” (Eliot’s
concept of), 139, 248, 358, 362, 372,
387; works by, mentioned/quoted: “Ezra
Pound: His Poetry and His Metric,” 161,
217; Four Quartets, 193, 253–254, 255,
256; “Gerontion,” 318; “Hamlet and His
Problems,” 249; “The Hollow Men,” 318;
“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,”
189, 217, 248; “The Metaphysical
Poets,” 371; “Preludes,” 248; “Portrait
of a Lady,” 248; Prufrock and Other
Observations, 161; The Sacred Wood,
239, 239; “Tradition and the Individual
Talent,” 251, 362, 368; The Waste Land,
162, 169, 184, 191, 217, 218, 226,
246–249, 250, 253–254, 256, 261, 262,
263, 283, 293, 345, 371, 394
Elizabeth I (Queen of England), 12
Ellerman, Winifred (penname “Bryher”),
235, 238, 302
Ellington, Edward Kennedy “Duke,” 278
Ellison, Ralph, 277, 287, 321; works by,
mentioned/quoted: The Invisible
Man, 277
Embury, Emma (penname: Ianthe), 41;
works by, mentioned/quoted: Guido, a
Tale; Sketches from History and Other
Tales, 41
Emerson, Lidian (wife of Ralph Waldo), 67
Emerson, Ralph Waldo 1, 3, 11, 55, 61–76
passim, 78, 88, 100, 104, 151, 203–204,
256, 333, 392; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “Alphonso of Castille,” 71–72;
“The American Scholar,” 3; “Berrying,”
72–73; “Blight,” 62, 65, 67; “Brahma,”
62; “Concord Hymn,” 61, 67; “Days,”
67; “Each and All,” 68; “Earth-Song,”
72; “Fate” (poem), 65; “Fate” (essay),
72, 73; “Give All to Love,” 66, 67,
73; “Good-Bye,” 73; “The Harp,” 65,
68; “History,” 70; “Initial, Daemonic,
and Celestial Love,” 64–65; May-Day
and Other Pieces, 61; “Merlin I,” 55;
“Monadnoc,” 62, 72; “Ode, Inscribed
to William Ellery Channing,” 4; “The
Over-Soul,” 61; “The Park,” 63; Poems
(1847), 61, 62, 63; “The Poet,” 3;
“Poetry and Imagination,” 62; “The
Problem,” 66; “The Sea-Shore,” 67;
 Index
Selected Poems, 61, 71; “Self-Reliance,”
63; “Song of Nature,” 62; “The Sphinx,”
62, 65, 67; “Sursum Corda,” 63–64;
“To Rhea,” 66; “Uriel,” 65; “Unity,”
61, 73; “Walter Savage Landor,”
73; “Woodnotes I,” 62, 65, 70–71;
“Woodnotes II,” 66, 72, 73; “The World
Soul,” 65, 69, 72; “Xenophanes,” 62, 65
Epic of Gilgamesh, The, 432
Epstein, Joseph, 428; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “Who Killed Poetry?,” 428
Erasmus, Desiderius, 197; works by,
mentioned/quoted: Adages, 197
Euripides, 432; works by, mentioned/quoted:
Bacchae, 432
Faas, Ekbert, 351
Faggen, Robert, 157
Faulkner, William, 271
Fauset, Jessie, 274, 284
FDR (See Roosevelt, Franklin Delano)
Feldman, Barton, 335
Feldman, Martin, 220
Felton, Cornelius, 47
Fenollosa, Ernest, 217, 222; works by,
mentioned/quoted: The Chinese Written
Character as a Medium for Poetry, 217
Fenollosa, Mary, 217
Ferlinghetti, Lawrence, 370
Ferry, David, 49
Field, Edward, 430
Fire!! (journal), 272, 275
Fisk Jubilee Singers, 141, 278
Fisk Negro Writers Conference (1967), 316,
323, 324, 325 (See also Black Arts
Movement
Flaubert, Gustave, 175, 225; works by,
mentioned/quoted: Trois Contes, 175
Fontenelle, Bernard Le Bouyer de, 42
Ford, Ford Madox, 216; works by,
mentioned/quoted: The Good
Soldier, 217
Ford, Henri, 201
Foster, Henri, 97
Fourierism, 89
Fowler, Lorenzo, 98
Fowler, Orson, 98
Franco, Francisco Bahamonde, 286
Frank, Leo (lynching of), 5, 419
Frank, Waldo, 258, 261
Franklin, R.W., 120, 128; works by,
mentioned/quoted: The Poems of Emily
Dickinson (1998), 120
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Free, William, 152
Freneau, Philip, 33, 40; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “The Rising Glory of America”
(with Henry Hugh Brackenridge), 33
Freud, Sigmund (and Freudianism), 195, 266
Friedan, Betty, 383; works by, mentioned/
quoted: The Feminine Mystique, 383
Frost, Carol (son of the poet), 165
Frost, Elinor Miriam White (wife of the
poet), 165
Frost, Irma (daughter of the poet), 165
Frost, Isabelle Moodie (mother of the
poet), 165
Frost, Jeanie Florence (sister of the
poet), 165
Frost, Lesley (daughter of the poet), 165
Frost, Marjorie (daughter of the poet), 165
Frost, Robert, 2–3, 68, 120, 156, 160–171
passim, 188, 217, 246, 258, 260,
282, 307, 329, 336, 426; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “Beech,” 168;
“The Birthplace,” 168; A Boy’s Will,
160, 168; “The Census-Taker,” 168;
“Christmas Trees,” 162; “Closed For
Good,” 168; “Design,” 166; “Directive,”
168; “The Figure a Poem Makes,”
169; “Ghost House,” 168; “The Gift
Outright,” 2–3; “The Hill Wife,” 168;
“Home Burial,” 164; In the Clearing,
168; “Letter to The Amherst Student,”
168, 169; Mountain Interval, 162, 168,
170; “The Need of Being Versed in
Country Things,” 168; “Neither Out Far
Nor in Deep,” 166; North of Boston,
160, 168; “Nothing Gold Can Stay,”
168; “An Old Man’s Winter Night,”
166–170; “Provide, Provide,” 166; “The
Road Not Taken,” 162–163, 166; “The
Silken Tent,” 156; Steeple-Bush, 168;
“Storm Fear,” 168; “The Times Table,”
168; “The Vantage Point,” 68; West-
Running Brook, 168; “The Witch of
Coös,” 164; A Witness Tree, 168
Frost, William Prescott, Jr. (father of the
poet), 165
Fugitive Slave Bill (US, 1850), 89
Fuller, Margaret, 67
Fuller, Meta Warwick, 274
Futurism, 216, 263, 391
Garfunkel, Art, 120
Garrison, William Lloyd, 5, 90, 91
Garvey, Ellen Gruber, 122
449
 Index
Garvey, Marcus, 275, 284
Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri, 216
Geisel, Theodore Seuss, 178; works by,
mentioned/quoted: The Grinch Who
Stole Christmas, 178
George III (UK), 28, 335
Gershwin, George, 278
Gerstler, Amy, 435
Gilbert, Sandra, 127
Gilson, Etienne, 333
Ginsberg, Allen, 1, 205, 211, 250, 329,
355, 366–378 passim, 396, 427,
428, 430, 432, 433; obscenity case
involving “Howl,” 370, 373; works
by, mentioned/quoted: “America,” 1,
366, 371; “Angkor Wat,” 373; “At
Apollinaire’s Grave,” 373; “Autumn
Leaves,” 366, 376–377; “Death to Van
Gogh’s Ear,” 373; The Fall of America
and Other Poems, 375–376; “Footnote
To Howl,” 373; “How Kaddish
Happened,” 374; “Howl,” 250, 366,
367, 368–371, 373, 374, 375, 377, 428,
432; “Howl” and Other Poems, 370; “I
am a Prisoner of Allen Ginsberg,” 377;
“Kaddish,” 366, 374–375, 376; “Love
Poem on a Theme by Whitman,” 368;
“Malest Cornific Tuo Catullo,” 368;
“Many Loves,” 373; “The Names,”
373; “Over Kansas,” 368; “Paterson,”
368; Planet News, 368; “Scribble,”
368; Selected Poems, 1947–1995, 377;
“A Strange New Cottage in Berkeley,”
366, 372–373, 376; “Sunflower Sutra,”
366; “A Supermarket in California,”
370; “Television Was a Baby Crawling
Toward that Deathchamber,” 368;
“To Aunt Rose,” 366; “Wichita Vortex
Sutra,” 366, 375–376; “Yiddishe
Kopf,” 375
Ginsberg, Eugene (brother of Allen
Ginsberg), 367, 374
Ginsberg, Louis (father of Allen Ginsberg),
367, 369
Ginsberg, Naomi (mother of All Ginsberg),
367, 374–375
Gioia, Dana, 428, 429; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “Can Poetry Matter?,” 428
Giorno, John, 429
Giovanni, Nikki, 138, 142; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “Like a Ripple on a
Pond,” 138
450
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Giscombe, C.S., 142; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “Dayton, O., the 50’s and
60’s,” 142
Glass, Philip, 183
Glück, Louise, 435
Golodner, Lynne Meredith, 420
Gough, John, 94
Grabo, Norman, 21
Grant, Ulysses S., 181
Gray, Thomas, 27, 30, 33; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “Elegy Written in a
Country Churchyard,” 27
Green, Paul, 278; works by, mentioned/
quoted: In Abraham’s Bosom, 278
Greene, Dana, 352
Greene, George Washington, 47
Greene, Robert, 432; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Pandosto: The Triumph of
Time, 432
Greer, Germaine, 383; works by, mentioned/
quoted: The Female Eunuch, 383
Griggs, Sutton E., 272
Grimké, Angeline Weld, 274; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “Little Grey
Dreams,” 277; “Rachel,” 279; “Then
and Now,” 274; “To the Dunbar High
School,” 274; “To Keep the Memory of
Charlotte Forten Grimké,” 281
Gris, Juan, 176, 207
Guantanamo Bay (US military base/
detention center), 421
Guest, Barbara, 391, 428
Guevara, Che, 335
Gulf War (1990–1991), 419
H.D. (See Doolittle, Hilda)
Hacker, Marilyn, 127, 429
Hafiz (Persian poet), 42
Hall, Donald, 235, 426, 427, 428; works
by, mentioned/quoted: “Poetry and
Ambition,” 428
Halleck, Fitz-Greene, 85
Hammer, Langdon, 260
Hammond, Jeffrey, 19
Hampton Institute Camera Club, 140
Handy, W.C., 278
Hansberry, Lorraine, 316, 319, 320; works
by, mentioned/quoted: A Raisin in the
Sun, 320
Hardy, Thomas, 104, 150, 151
Harlem Renaissance (See New Negro
Renaissance)
 Index
Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, 276, 279;
works by, mentioned/quoted: “Bury Me
in a Free Land,” 276
Harrison, Hubert, 273, 275
Hartley, Marsden, 235
Hartman, Barend von Groningen, 42
Harvard University/Harvard College, 18, 53,
54, 55, 123, 173–174, 217, 245, 274,
301, 393, 399
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 4, 11, 49, 57, 116,
332, 336; works by, mentioned/quoted:
“Earth’s Holocaust,” 57; “Ethan Brand,”
332; The Scarlet Letter, 4, 11; “Young
Goodman Brown,” 3
Hayden, Robert, 142, 284, 387; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “Paul Laurence
Dunbar,” 142
Hayes, Terrance, 435
Hayford, Gladys Mae Casely, 279
Hazlitt, William, 238
Hecht, Anthony, 196; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “Crows in Winter,” 196
Heckewelder, John, 35
Hejinian, Lyn 252, 429
Hemingway, Ernest, 218, 271, 283, 286;
works by, mentioned/quoted: In Our
Time, 283
Henneberg, Sylvia, 420; works by,
mentioned/quoted: he Creative Crone:
Aging and the Poetry of May Sarton and
Adrienne Rich, 420–421
Henry, Patrick, 94
Herbert, George, 19, 304; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “The Church Porch,”
19; The Temple, 19
Hesiod, 42
Heuffer, Ford Madox (See Ford,
Ford Madox)
Hicok, Bob, 431
Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, 121, 122,
124, 128
Hill, Geoffrey, 195
Hiroshima (See Nuclear weapons, etc.)
Hoagland, Tony, 431, 435
Holden, Jonathan, 428; works by,
mentioned/quoted: The Fate of
American Poetry, 428
Hollenberg, Donna, 351
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Sr., 48–49, 55, 107;
works by, mentioned/quoted: “At My
Fireside,” 56
Holstein, Casper, 276
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Homer, 1; works by, mentioned/quoted:
Iliad, 2, 432; Odyssey, 432
Honey, Maureen, 281; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Shadowed Dreams, 281
Hooker, Richard, 234
Hopkins, Gerard Manley, 151, 302,
304, 336
Horace, 85, 335
House Un-American Activities Committee
(US), 292
Howe, Julia Ward, 108; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “Battle Hymn of the
Republic,” 108
Howells, William Dean, 6–7, 139; works
by, mentioned/quoted: preface to Paul
Laurence Dunbar’s Lyrics of Lowly Life
(1896), 6–7, 139
Huffington Post, The, 426
Hughes, Howard, 348
Hughes, Langston, 4, 136, 137, 272, 273,
274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 282,
284, 286–299 passim, 316, 317, 319,
320, 322, 324, 428; juvenilia of: 288;
works by, mentioned/quoted: “Air Raid:
Barcelona,” 289; “America,” 284; Ask
Your Mama, 292–293, 294, 295; The
Best of Simple, 287; The Big Sea, 278,
287–288, 289; “The Black Clown,” 287;
“Bound No’th Blues,” 274; “Children’s
Rhymes,” 292; “Danse Africaine,” 293;
“Dinner Guest: Me,” 291; “Dream
Variations,” 275; “Elevator Boy,” 272;
“Esthete in Harlem,” 277; “Father and
Son,” 290; Fine Clothes to the Jew,
290, 291, 295, 296; “Freedom’s Plow,”
295; “Goodbye Christ,” 291; “Hard
Luck,” 276; “Harlem,” 320; I Wonder
as I Wander, 287; “In Explanation of
Our Times,” 295; “The Last Feast of
Belshazzar,” 287; Montage of a Dream
Deferred, 289, 290, 292, 294, 320;
“Mulatto,” 290; “My People,” 275;
“The Negro Artist and the Racial
Mountain,” 137, 272; “The Negro
Speaks of Rivers,” 4, 275; Not Without
Laughter, 287, 289, 296–297; “One
More ‘S’ in the U.S.A.,” 291; “Poem
(1),” 293; The Panther and the Lash,
324; “Ph.D.,” 293; “Porter,” 296;
“Prelude to Our Age,” 295; “Railroad
Avenue,” 272; “Red Silk Stockings,”
289; “Rising Waters,” 284; “Salute to
451
 Index

Hughes, Langston (cont.) 278; “To a Young Wife,” 279; “The True
the Soviet Armies,” 292; “Slave on the American,” 274
Block,” 289; “Small Memory,” 291; Johnson, Helene, 272, 273, 274, 281,
“Special Bulletin,” 291; “Stalingrad: 284; works by, mentioned/quoted:
1942,” 292; The Ways of White Folks, “Magalu,” 281; “A Missionary Brings
287; The Weary Blues, 291, 295, 296; a Young Native to America,” 276;
“The Weary Blues,” 273; “Young Gal’s “Poem,” 277; “Sonnet to a Negro in
Blues,” 290 Harlem,” 273
Hughes, Ted, 380, 382 Johnson, James Weldon, 136, 138, 276,
Hulme, T.E., 216 277, 284; works by, mentioned/quoted:
Hume, David, 39 Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man,
Hurston, Zora Neale, 274, 275, 287 279; The Book of American Negro
Hutchinsons, The (singing group), 95; works Poetry, 136, 277, 280, 284; God’s
by, mentioned/quoted: “The Old Granite Trombones, 136, 276
State,” 95 Johnson, Lyndon Baines, 334
Johnson, Thomas H., 120, 128; works by,
Ianthe (See Embury, Emma) mentioned/quoted: The Poems of Emily
iPod, the, 265 Dickinson (1955), 120
Irigary, Luce, 14 Jones, Claudia, 317
Irwin, John, 260–261 Jones, Leroi, 286 (See also Baraka, Amiri)
Ives, Charles, 279 Jones, Mary Gravely, (grandmother of
Adrienne Rich), 409, 416
Jackson, Andrew, 37 Jones, Robert, 283
Jackson, George, 419 Jonson, Benjamin, 265
Jackson, Helen Hunt, 119 Josephson, Matthew, 265
Jackson, Natalie, 377 Josephus (Titus Flavius), 42
Jackson, Virginia, 130 Joyce, James, 163, 217, 223, 226, 235, 262,
Jacob, Max, 313 367; works by, mentioned/quoted:
James, Henry, 181, 225, 239, 245; works by, Dubliners, 163; Finnegan’s Wake, 262;
mentioned/quoted: The Ambassadors, Ulysses, 226
225; Portrait of a Lady, 225 Juhasz, Suzanne, 233
James, William, 153, 164, 173–174, 392;
pragmatism of, 164, 392, 395 Kalstone, David, 300, 301
Jameson, Frederic, 322 Kansas-Nebraska Act (US, 1854), 4, 89
Jarnot, Lisa, 351 Kant, Immanuel, 179; works by, mentioned/
Jarrell, Randall, 164, 166, 169, 189, 233, quoted: Critique of Pure Reason, 179
303, 307, 336, 409, 427; works by, Kantorowicz, Ernst, 355, 356
mentioned/quoted: “The Only Genuine Kasper, John, 221
Robert Frost in Captivity,” 164; Poetry Kaul, Suvir, 33
and the Age, 164, 166 Keats, John, 42, 201, 202, 258, 277,
Jaspers, Karl, 420 282, 366, 409; concept of “negative
Jaxon, Frankie, 279 capability,” 366
Jazz Singer, The (film), 278 Kelley, Abby, 94
Jefferson, Thomas, 3, 28, 33, 215, 219, 227 Kennedy, John Fitzgerald, 3, 164
JFK (See Kennedy, John Fitzgerald) Kennedy, John Pendleton, 271
Johnson, Charles S., 276, 280; works Kennedy, Robert Fitzgerald, 335
by, mentioned/quoted: Ebony and Kerfoot, J.B., 235
Topaz, 280 Kerlin, Robert T., 280; works by, mentioned/
Johnson, Fenton, 276, 284 quoted: Negro Poets and Their
Johnson, Georgia Douglas, 274, 277–278, Poems, 280
279, 281, 284; works by, mentioned/ Kermode, Frank, 434; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “The Heart of a Woman,” 281; quoted: The Genesis of Secrecy, 434;
“Sonnet in Memory of John Brown,” The Sense of an Ending, 434

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 Index

Kerouac, Jack, 367, 368, 369, 371, 373, Léger, Fernand, 218

374, 428; works by, mentioned/quoted: Legge, William, 2nd Earl of
The Dharma Bums, 369; On the Dartmouth, 28–29
Road, 369 Lehman, David, 395
Keyes, Alicia, 142 Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher, 434
Killens, John O., 324 Leibowitz, Herbert A., 260
King Philip’s War (New England, Lennon, John, 430
1675–1678), 18, 20, 333 (See also Levertov, Denise, 127, 211, 340, 341,
Metacomet 342, 346–347, 349, 350, 351, 427,
King, Georgiana Goddard, 234 428; works by, mentioned/quoted:
King, June, 429; works by, mentioned/ “Illustrious Ancestors,” 347; “Light
quoted: Coffeehouse Poetry Up the Cave,” 347; “Overland to the
Anthology (as editor), 429 (See also Islands,” 346; The Poet in the World,
Performance Poetry 347; “Some Notes on Organic Form,”
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1, 335 346; “Williams: An Essay,” 347
Kinnell, Galway, 428 Levine, Philip, 435
Kipling, Rudyard, 104 Levinger, Elma Ehrlich, 281; works by,
Kirby, David, 431 mentioned/quoted: “Carry Me Back to
Kirsch, Adam, 261 Old Virginny,” 281
Kitchen Sink Poets, 431 Lewis, R.W.B., 260
Kizer, Carolyn, 127, 428 Lewis, Wyndham, 216, 217
Kline, Franz, 342, 393 Lincoln, Abbey, 420
Knight, Etheridge, 142 Lincoln, Abraham, 1, 3, 94, 99, 112,
Koch, Kenneth, 391, 393, 395, 399 161; works by, mentioned/quoted:
Koethe, John, 435 “Gettysburg Address,” 3; “Second
Kowit, Steve, 430–431; works by, Inaugural Address,” 3
mentioned/quoted: The Maverick Poets: Lindsay, Frannie, 435
An Anthology, 430–431 Lindsay, Vachel, 277
Kreymborg, Alfred, 235 Lispector, Clarice, 313
Ku Klux Klan, 272, 273, 276, 291 Locke, Alain, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 279,
Kumin, Maxine, 127 282, 284; works by, mentioned/quoted:
Kunitz, Stanley, 332, 381 “The Negro Takes His Place in Art,” 272
Logan, William, 261
L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E School, 252–253, Longenbach, James, 328
351, 361, 401, 403, 430 Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 11, 39,
La Fontaine, Jean de, 242; works by, 47–54 passim, 56, 57, 85, 109, 215,
mentioned/quoted: Fables, 242 409, 435; works by, mentioned/
Lamantia, Philip, 368, 369, 428 quoted: Evangeline, 39, 52–54; “The
Laplanche, Jean, 357 Fire of Driftwood,” 50–52; “The
Larkin, Philip, 150, 157; works by, Republic,” 109–110; The Seaside and
mentioned/quoted: “The Whitsun the Fireside, 49–50; “Three Friends of
Weddings,” 157 Mine,” 47–48
Larson, Kerry, 2 Lope de Vega y Carpio, Félix, 215
Latham, H.S., 234 Lorca, Garcia, 368, 431
Laughlin, James, 210 Lovejoy, Elijah, 3
Lauth, Laura Elyn, 133; works by, Lowell, Amy, 152, 165; works by,
mentioned/quoted: Titanic Operas: A mentioned/quoted: Tendencies in
Poet’s Corner of Contemporary Women Modern American Poetry, 165
Poets Responding to Dickinson’s Legacy Lowell, James Russell, 4, 49, 54–55, 107;
(ed. with Martha Nell Smith), 127 works by, mentioned/quoted: The
Laux, Dorianne, 430 Bigelow Papers, 4; “Commemoration
Lawrence, D.H., 223, 240 Ode,” 107; “A Winter-Evening Hymn to
Leavis, F.R., 218 My Fire,” 54–55

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 Index
Lowell, Robert, 1, 211, 255, 305, 317,
327–339 passim, 380, 381, 403, 426,
427, 450; writing seminar of, attended
by Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath,
381–382; works by, mentioned/quoted:
“Central Park,” 332, 335; “Commander
Lowell,” 329, 331; “Concord,” 333,
334; Day by Day, 332; The Dolphin,
332; “Epilogue,” 337; For Lizzie and
Harriet, 332, 336; “For the Union
Dead,” 1, 332, 334; For the Union
Dead, 327, 334; “George III,” 335, 336;
History, 332, 336; Imitations, 336;
“Inauguration Day: January 1953,”
333; Land of Unlikeness, 332; Life
Studies, 256, 305, 328–329, 332, 333,
334, 336, 380; Lord Weary’s Castle,
332, 333, 334, 336; “Man and Wife,”
330; “The March” (I and II), 335;
“Memories of West Street and Lepke,”
330; “My Last Afternoon with Uncle
Devereux Winslow,” 330, 331; Near
the Ocean, 335; Notebook, 332, 336;
Notebook 1967–68, 332, 336; “The
Quaker Graveyard in Nantucket,” 336;
“Reading Myself,” 337; “Skunk Hour,”
305, 330, 331; “Thanks-Offering for
Recovery,” 332; “To Speak of Woe That
Is in Marriage,” 330; “Unwanted,” 332;
“Waking Early Sunday Morning,” 332,
335; “Waking in Blue,” 330
Lukacs, Georg, 38; works by, mentioned/
quoted: The Historical Novel, 38
Lynes, George Platt, 232
Ma Rainey (Gertrude Malissa Nix Pridgett),
279, 282
MacDonald, Dwight, 355
MacDonald, Erskine, 235
Madhubuti, Haki, 323, 324
Major, Clarence, 223
Malcolm X, 322
Mallarmé, Stéphane, 399
Man Ray (Emmanuel Radnitzky), 208
Mann, Thomas, 240, 367
Mao Tse-Tung, 344, 345
Maran, René, 275; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Batouala, 275
Mariani, Paul, 260
Marinetti, Filippo Tommaso, 216, 219
Marlowe, Christopher, 258, 265
Marshall, Marjorie, 282; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “To a Dark Dancer,” 281
454
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Martial (Valerius Martialis), 217, 222
Martin, Taffy, 232
Marvell, Andrew, 115, 335
Mason, Charlotte, 276, 287, 293
Matejka, Adrian, 435
Matisse, Henri, 176, 178
Mattachine Society, 356
Matthews, Elkin, 224
Matthiessen, F.O., 48
Maud, Ralph, 351
Maverick Poetry, 430
Maximus of Tyre, 345
Mayakovsky, Vladimir, 392
Mazzaro, Jerome, 333
McAlmon, Robert, 235, 238
McCarthy, (Senator) Joseph, 221, 292
McCarthy, Eugene, 334
McCarthyism, 221, 292, 394
McClure, Michael, 368, 428
McGrath, Campbell, 43
McKay, Claude, 136, 273, 275, 277, 279,
282; works by, mentioned/quoted:
“Baptism,” 275, 282; “If We Must Die,”
277, 279, 284; “The Harlem Dancer,”
273; “On a Primitive Canoe,” 282; “The
White House,” 282
Melville, Herman, 4, 49, 104–118 passim,
336, 376, 433; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “Apathy and Enthusiasm,”
109; “The Battle of the Bay,” 107;
“The Battle for Mississippi,” 108;
Battle-Pieces and Aspects of the War,
4, 105, 106, 107–116 passim; Benito
Cereno, 106; Billy Budd, 111; “Billy
in the Darbies,” 116; Clarel, 104,
108, 116; The Confidence Man, 4,
108; “Conflict of Convictions,” 109,
110–113; “Donelson,” 114; “Fragments
from a Lost Gnostic Poem of the 12th
Century,” 105; “The Frenzy in the
Wake,” 114, 115; “Greek Architecture,”
104–105; John Marr and Other Sailors,
111, 116; “Lee at the Capitol,” 112;
“The Maldive Shark,” 111; “The March
to the Sea,” 114; “Misgivings,” 109,
110; Moby-Dick, 4, 110; “The New
Ancient of Days,” 112; “The Portent,”
109; “The Scout Toward Aldie,” 107,
112; “Shiloh,” 115; Timoleon, 104, 116;
“A Utilitarian’s View of the Monitor’s
Fight,” 113; White Jacket, 105, 106
Mencken, Henry Louis, 5, 7; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “Puritanism as a
 Index
Literary Force,” 7; “The Sahara of the
Bozarts,” 5
Merrill, James, 189, 199, 305
Messenger, The (newspaper, founded by A.
Philip Randolph), 275
Metacomet (also known as King Philip), 333
Methfessel, Alice, 306
Mexican War (1848–1849), 4, 91
Middleton, Charles Theodore, 41; works
by, mentioned/quoted: A New and
Complete System of Geography, 41
Milhaud, Darius, 278
Miller, Chistanne, 232–233
Miller, J. Hillis, 336
Miller, Margaret, 303
Miller, Perry, 17, 48
Millet, Kate, 383; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Sexual Politics, 383
Millier, Brett C., 302
Mills, Ralph, 379
Milner, Ron, 324
Milton, John, 11, 13, 27, 42, 71, 110, 111,
113, 115, 152, 167, 195, 336; works
by, mentioned/quoted: “Lycidas,” 27;
Paradise Lost, 42, 113, 115; Samson
Agonistes, 114, 115
Missouri Compromise (US, 1820), 3
Mitchell, Adrian, 430
Modernism (and varieties of), 136, 138, 161,
163, 172, 179, 221, 226, 239, 249, 256,
260, 316, 317, 318, 328, 372
Monroe, Harriet, 182, 217, 224, 240,
259–260
Monroe, James, 38
Moody, William Vaughan, 1; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “Ode in a Time of
Hesitation,” 1
Moore, John Milton, 233
Moore, Marianne, 8, 188, 217, 231–244
passim, 302, 311; celebrity of: 231–
232; book reviewing of: 238–239,
240–241; editor of Dial: 240; work as
translator of La Fontaine: 242; works
by, mentioned/quoted: “Baseball and
Writing,” 242; “The Buffalo,” 231;
Collected Poems, 232; Complete
Poems, 236, 242; Complete Prose,
239; “Critics and Connoisseurs,” 234,
236; “In Distrust of Merits,” 241;
“England,” 237; “The Fish,” 236–237;
“The Frigate Pelican,” 231; “The
Jeroba,” 231; A Marianne Moore
Reader, 231; “Marriage,” 232, 238
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(William Carlos Williams’s comments
on); “New York,” 237; Observations,
236, 239; “An Octopus,” 232, 234,
238, 242; “The Pangolin,” 231, 234;
“Paradise Park,” 238; “Peter,” 234;
“Picking and Choosing,” 236, 237;
“The Plumet Basilisk,” 231; Poems, 235;
“Poetry” (and the revision thereof) 236;
“Predilections,” 239; “Reinforcements,”
236–237; Selected Poems, 241–241;
“The Steeple-Jack,” 234; “To the
Soul of Progress” (later retitled “To
Military Progress”), 234; “To Victory
Hugo of my Crow Pluto,” 242;
“Virginia Britannia,” 242; “The Wood
Weasel,” 231
Moore, Mary Warner, 233
Moore, Merrill, 164
Moore, Thomas, 81
Morison, Samuel Eliot, 17
Morley, Helena, 313; works by, mentioned/
quoted: The Diary of Helena
Morley, 313
Morley, Hilda, 340
Morris, Tracie, 433
Morton, Sarah Wentworth, 33; works
by, mentioned/quoted: Beacon
Hill, 33
Mossotti, Travis, 435
Motherwell, Robert, 342
Mott, Lucretia, 94
Mount, William Sidney, 96–97
Mullen, Harryette, 142
Munch, Edvard, 302; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “The Scream,” 302
Munson, Gorham, 258, 262
Mussolini, Benito, 218–219, 220, 227
Muybridge, Eadweard, 176
Myers, Jack, 431
Myers, Reverend J.A., 141
NAACP (National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People), 4,
272, 275, 280, 317
Nagasaki (See Nuclear weapons, etc.)
Napoleon, Bonaparte, 39, 74, 177
Napoleonic Wars, The, 335
Nash, Ogden, 435
Nation of Islam, 322; publications of,
Muhammad Speaks, 323
Negritude, 275
Negro Improvement Association (founded
by Marcus Garvey), 275
455
 Index

Negro World (newspaper, owned by Marcus Objectivism/Objectivists, 209, 253, 360

Garvey), 275 Occum, Sansom, 29
Nelson, Deborah, 385 Odum, Harold W., 279
Neruda, Pablo, 431 Olds, Sharon, 127, 430, 435
New Criticism/New Critics, 125, 345, 349, Oliver, Mary, 127
392, 427 Olson, Charles, 205, 252, 340–354
New Formalists, 429 passim, 355, 358, 418, 427; works
New Negro Renaissance, 4, 5, 142, 271–285 by, mentioned/quoted: Call Me
passim, 287, 293 Ishmael, 347; Human Universe and
New York School, 348, 391–408 Other Essays, 347; “The Kingfishers,”
passim, 428 343–345; The Maximus Poems, 252,
New York Society for the Suppression of 345–346, 348; “Projective Verse,” 341,
Vice, 7 342–343, 349; The Special View of
Newsome, Effie Lee, 276, 280; works by, History, 347
mentioned/quoted: “I Sit and Sew,” 280; Opffer, Emil, 266
“Mattinata,” 276; “Wild Roses,” 280 Oppen, George, 209, 252
Newton, Huey, 286 Oppenheimer, Joel, 340
Niagara Movement, 272, 275, 279 Opportunity (newspaper, affiliated with the
Niedecker, Lorine, 252 Urban League), 275
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 433 Orage, Alfred Richard, 216, 218
Nixon, Richard, 335 Orlovsky, Peter, 373
Norcross, Louise, 120 Orne, Martin, 382
North American Review (Boston), 34 Orr, Peter, 381
Norton, Mary Beth, 15 Ostriker, Alicia, 127, 233
Nuclear weapons/atomic bombing of Ouspensky, Peter D., 258
Hiroshima and Nagasaki, etc., 265, 292, Ovington, Mary White, 276
334, 344, 367, 371, 382 Owen, Wilfred, 108; works by, mentioned/
Nugent, Richard Bruce, 274, 279 quoted: “Dulce et Decorum Est,” 108
Nullification Crisis (1832–1833), 3
Pack, Robert, 426–427
O’Connor, William Douglas, 99 Packer, Barbara, 42; works by, mentioned/
O’Hara, Frank, 250, 391–398 passim, quoted: “American Verse Traditions,” 42
399, 400, 401, 403, 404, 428; interest Page, Thomas Nelson, 271
in visual arts of, 393–394; works by, Paglia, Camille, 433
mentioned/quoted: “Ave Maria,” 397; Paine, Thomas, 2
“Biotherm (for Bill Berkson),” 250; Palmer, Michael, 222, 429
“The Day Lady Died,” 397; “Easter,” Palmer, Michael, 429
395; “For James Dean,” 397; “An Image Pan-African Movement/Congresses,
of Leda,” 397; Lunch Poems, 397; “In 272, 275
Memory of My Feelings,” 397; “Ode to Parker, Charlie, 297, 354, 369
Michael Goldberg (’s Birth and Other Parker, Dorothy, 435
Births),” 397; “Personal Poem,” 397; Parmigianino, Francesco, 402
“Personism,” 396; “Poem (Lana Turner Passenger Act (US, 1847), 54
has collapsed!),” 397; “Second Avenue,” Pasternak, Boris, 392
395; Standing Still and Walking in New Pater, Walter, 409
York (ed. Donald Allen), 395; “A Step Patterson, Raymond, 142
Away from Them,” 397; “Steps,” 397; Paz, Octavio, 211, 304; works by,
Stones (collaborative work with Larry mentioned/quoted: “Objects and
Rivers), 393; “To the Film Industry in Apparitions” (trans. Elizabeth Bishop),
Crisis,” 397; “Today,” 395 304; “January First” (trans. Elizabeth
O’Neill, Eugene, 271 Bishop), 313
Oates, Joyce Carol, 127, 164; Twitter Pearce, Roy Harvey, 44
account of, 164 Pearl, Nancy, 430

456

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 Index
Pentagon, March on the (1967), 334, 335
Performance Poetry/Poetry Slams, 429;
as represented in Burning Down
the House: Selected Poems from the
Nuyorican Poets Café National Poetry
Slam Champions, 429 (See also King,
June and Smith, Larry
Perillo, Lucia, 435
Perloff, Marjorie, 395, 397, 403; works by,
mentioned/quoted: Frank O7Hara: a
Poet Among Painters, 397
Perry, Lila Cabot, 147
Peters, John, 29
Phelan, Peggy, 235
Philips, Robert, 379; works by, mentioned/
quoted: The Confessional Poets, 379
Phillips, Carl, 435
Phrenology, 97–98
Picasso, Pablo, 176, 177, 178, 181, 193, 235,
240, 393; works by, mentioned: Les
Demoiselles d’Avignon, 176
Pierce, Franklin, 89
Pizarro, Francisco, 35
Plantation Myth (as propounded by white
Americans), 5, 136, 142, 271
Plath, Sylvia, 329, 336, 379–390 passim,
427; children of, Frieda and Nicholas,
382; works by, mentioned/quoted: “The
Applicant,” 383; Ariel, 329, 383, 385;
“The Bee Meeting,” 385; The Bell Jar,
382; The Colossus, 382; “Daddy,” 382;
“The Jailor,” 385; “Lady Lazarus,”
385, 386–388; “Lesbos,” 384–385;
“Medusa,” 382; “Three Women,”
385; “The Tour,” 384; “Tulips,” 385,
386, 387
Plato, 62
Plessy v. Ferguson (US Supreme Court case,
1896), 7, 276
Plutarch, 344
Pocahontas (also know as Matoaka,
Amonute, Rebecca Rolfe), 39
Podhoretz, Norman, 373
Poe, Adgar Allan, 71, 77–86 passim, 282;
works by, mentioned/quoted: “Al
Aaraaf,” 79; Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane and
Other Poems (1829), 71, 78; “Annabel
Lee,” 84–85; “The City by the Sea,” 80;
“The Conqueror Worm,” 81; “Drake-
Halleck Review,” 85; “Irene,” 80;
“Israfel,” 80; “The Lake,” 78, 83; “The
Lake – to –,” 79; “Letter to Mr –,” 80;
“Ligeia,” 81–83; “The Philosophy of
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Composition,” 83–85; Poems: Second
Edition (1831), 80–81; “The Poetic
Principle,” 85; “The Rationale of Verse,”
85; “The Raven,” 83–84; “Sonnet – To
Science,” 282; “Tamerlane,” 77–78, 83;
Tamerlane and Other Poems (1827),
77; “To Helen,” 80, 81; “To One in
Paradise,” 81; “Ulalume,” 84; “The
Visionary,” 81
Poe, David (the poet’s father), 77
Poe, Elizabeth Arnold Hopkins (the poet’s
mother), 77
Poets & Writers (as gone unmentioned), 425
Poirier, Richard, 164, 166
Polk, James K., 91
Pollitt, Katha, 127
Pollock, Jackson, 393, 428
Pope, Alexander, 26, 33, 71; works
by, mentioned/quoted: “Windsor
Forest,” 33
Porter, Cole, 73
Post-Modernism, 179, 334, 343, 352,
397, 398
Pound, Ezra, 1, 8, 137, 138, 160, 162, 163,
165, 188, 201, 202, 203, 205, 208, 209,
210, 214–230 passim, 231, 235, 238,
239, 240, 241, 245, 246, 247, 252,
256, 273, 279, 294, 329, 333, 336, 343,
344, 349, 350, 351, 352, 358, 366,
376, 431; anti-Semitic beliefs of: 214,
219, 221; Bollingen Prize controversy
and, 221; Confucianism and, 219,
220, 222; fascist politics of: 214–215,
218–219, 220, 221, 227, 358; works
by, mentioned/quoted: Cantos, 161,
164, 170, 214, 218, 219, 220, 221,
222, 226–227; “Canzone: Of Incense,”
223; Canzoni, 216; Cathay, 217, 222;
Cavalcanti Rime, 222; Certain Noble
Plays of Japan, 217; The Chinese
Written Character as a Medium for
Poetry (as editor/publisher) 217; “Cino,”
216; Collected Early Poetry, 215;
“Commission,” 224; “The Decadence,”
223; Draft of XXX Cantos, 219; Eleven
New Cantos, 219; Exultations, 216;
The Fifth Decad of Cantos, 219; Guide
to Kulchur, 214, 219; Hilda’s Book,
215; “Homage to Sextus Propertius,”
225; Hugh Selwyn Mauberley, 218,
225–226; Jefferson and/or Mussolini,
219; “Langue d’Oc,” 225; Love Poems
of Ancient Egypt, 222; A Lume Spento,
457
 Index
Pound, Ezra (cont.)
216, 221; Lustra, 161, 162, 217, 223–
224, 225; “Moeurs Contemporaines,”
225; “Na Audiart,” 216; Personae,
216; The Pisan Cantos, 220, 221, 227;
Provenca, 221; “The Rest,” 223–224;
Ripostes, 216, 221; “The Serious Artist,”
224; The Spirit of Romance, 216, 222;
“Tenzone,” 223; Umbra: The Early
Poems of Ezra Pound, 218
Pound, Homer, 215
Powell, Colin (US Army General), 419
Prescott, William H., 344
Presley, Elvis, 425
Price, Kenneth M., 133; works by,
mentioned/quoted: The Classroom
Electric (ed. with Martha Nell
Smith), 133
Pridgett, Gertrude Malissa Nix (See Ma
Rainey)
Pritchard, William, 166, 266
Promey, Sally, 21
Prunty, Wyatt, 429
Queen Elizabeth I (See Elizabeth I)
Quinn, Alice, 305
Raab, Lawrence, 435
Rabaté, Jean-Michel, 355
Rainey, Lawrence S., 434
Rakosi, Carl, 252
Rampersad, Arnold, 286, 287, 295;
works by, mentioned/quoted: I,
Too, Sing America, 286; I Dream a
World, 286
Randall, Dudley, 324; Broadside Press
of, 324
Ransom, John Crowe, 363, 427; works
by, mentioned/quoted: The New
Criticism, 427
Rauschenberg, Robert, 342, 393
Reconstruction, The (US), 4, 5, 6, 100, 273,
276, 279
Reed, Ishmael, 142; works by, mentioned/
quoted: “Paul Laurence Dunbar in the
Tenderloin,” 142
Reverdy, Pierre, 392
Rexroth, Kenneth, 368, 369
Reznikoff, Charles, 209, 252
Rice, John, 342
Rich, Adrienne, 122, 127, 215, 409–424
passim, 428; works by, mentioned/
quoted: An Atlas of a Difficult World:
458
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Poems 1988–1991, 418, 419; “1941,”
420; “Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers,” 410; “The
Blue Ghazals,” 411; A Change of World,
409, 421; “Coast to Coast,” 416–417;
“Compulsory Heterosexuality and
Lesbian Experience,” 417; Dark Fields
of the Republic: Poems, 1991–1995,
419–420; “The Desert as Garden of
Paradise,” 418; The Diamond Cutters
and Other Poems, 409; Diving Into the
Wreck, 412–413; “Double Monologue,”
410; The Dream of a Common
Language, 413, 414, 415; “Eastern
War Time,” 420; “Images for Godard,”
411; “Implosions,” 411; “Juvenilia,”
409; Leaflets: Poems, 1965–1968,
411, 413; “Memorize This,” 421;
Midnight Salvage: Poems, 1995–1998,
420; “Moth Hour,” 411; “Mother
and Daughterhood” (in Of Woman
Born), 414; Necessities of Life: Poems,
1962–1965, 411, 413; Of Woman Born,
409, 414; “On Edges,” 411; On Lies,
Secrets, and Silence: Selected Prose,
416; “Phantasia for Elvira Shatayev,”
415; “Phenomenology of Anger,” 412;
“Power,” 415; “Readings of History,”
417; The School Among the Ruins:
Poems, 2000–2004, 421; “Shooting
Script,” 411; “Sibling Mysteries,” 415;
Snapshots of a Daughter-in-Law, 410,
413; “Sources,” 417, 418; “Split at the
Root: An Essay on Jewish Identity,”
417–418; “The Stranger,” 413; “Then or
Now,” 420; Time’s Power: Poems, 1985–
1988, 418, 420; Tonight No Poetry Will
Serve: Poems, 2007–2010, 421–422;
“Twenty-One Love Poems,” 415–416;
“When We Dead Awaken: Writing as
Re-Vision,” 413; A Wild Patience Has
Taken Me This Far, 413, 416; The Will
to Change: Poems, 1968–1970, 411,
413; “Why Else But to Forestall This
Hour,” 421; “Yom Kippur,” 418; Your
Native Land, Your Life, 418
Rich, Arnold Rice (father of Adrienne Rich),
409, 417, 418
Rich, Hattie Rice (grandmother of Adrienne
Rich), 409, 416
Richards, Keith, 430
Richards, M.C., 340
Ricks, Christopher, 327
Rilke, Rainer Marie, 435
 Index
Rimbaud, Arthur, 344, 357, 367, 392,
399, 403
Rivers, Larry, 393
Robbins, Michael, 430
Robertson, William, 35, 42
Robeson, Paul, 325
Robinson, Edwin Arlington, 8, 144–159
passim; works by, mentioned/quoted:
“Aunt Imogen,” 148; “Ben Jonson
Entertains a Man from Stratford,”
144; “Calverly’s,” 148; Captain Craig,
144; “Captain Craig,” 144, 151; The
Children of the Night, 144; “The
Children of the Night,” 152; “The
Clerks,” 145, 149; “Demos,” 146;
“Dionysus upon Demos,” 146; “Eros
Turannos,” 148; “For a Dead Lady,”
148; “George Crabbe,” 152; “The
Growth of Lorraine,” 148; “Isaac
and Archibald,” 148, 153–156; “John
Brown,” 144; “John Evereldown,”
148, 149; Lancelot, 144; “Lazarus,”
144; “Luke Havergal,” 148; The
Man Against the Sky, 144; “The Man
Against the Sky,” 151; “The Mill,”
146–147; “Mr. Flood’s Party,” 150;
“The Poor Relation,” 148; “Rembrandt
to Rembrandt,” 144; “Reuben Bright,”
148; “Richard Cory,” 149, 150;
“The Sheaves,” 156–157; “The Three
Taverns,” 144; “To a Dead Lady,”
157; The Town Down the River, 144;
Tristram, 144; “Veteran Sirens,” 157
Robinson, Herman (brother of the
poet), 148
Rodgers, Carolyn, 324
Rodgers, Jimmie, 278
Roethke, Theodore, 427
Rollin, Charles, 35
Rolling Stones, The, 425
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 219, 332
Roosevelt, Theodore, 2, 147
Rosenberg, Ethel, 416, 420
Rosenthal, M.L., 305, 380, 386,
387, 388
Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, 68, 100, 222, 223;
works by, mentioned/quoted: “The
Woodspurge,” 68
Roussel, Raymond, 401
Rudge, Olga, 218
Rukeyser, Muriel, 252
Russell, Bertrand, 164
Ruthven, K.K., 224
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San Francisco Renaissance (See Berkeley
Renaissance)
Sanchez, Sonia, 324
Sandburg, Carl, 277, 284, 367
Santayana, George, 336
Sappho, 336
Sargent, John Singer, 245
Scalapino, Leslie, 429
Schoolcraft, Henry, 35
Schorer, Mark, 370
Schulhoff, Erwin, 278
Schuyler, James, 391, 428
Schwartz, Delmore, 317, 336
Schwarzkopf, Norman (US Army
General), 419
Scott, Walter, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40; works by,
mentioned/quoted: Waverly novels, 32
Seaton, Maureen, 431
Sedgwick, Catherine Maria, 32
Seidel, Frederick, 430
Seneca Falls Convention (US, 1848), 89
Senghor, Léopold, 275
Sexton, Anne, 329, 379–390 passim, 427;
works by, mentioned/quoted: “The
Abortion,” 385; “Appointment Hour,”
382; The Awful Rowing Toward God,
382; The Death Notebooks, 388;
“For Mr. Death Who Stands with His
Door Open,” 388; “Her Kind,” 385;
“Housewife,” 384; “Hurry Up Please
It’s Time,” 385; “In Celebration of
My Uterus,” 383; “Nude Swim,” 385;
“The Operation,” 385–386, 387; “The
Psychosomatic Stomach,” 382; “Self
in 1958,” 383–384; Transformations,
382; “Unknown Girl in the Maternity
Ward,” 385
Shakespear, Dorothy, 216
Shakespear, Olivia, 21
Shakespeare, William, 62, 94, 174, 188,
249, 265, 430, 432, 433; works by,
mentioned/quoted: As You Like It, 174;
Hamlet, 249; Macbeth 6; Merchant of
Venice, 433; Othello, 94; The Tempest,
188; Twelfth Night, 432; The Winter’s
Tale, 432
Shapiro, Harvey, 323
Shaw, Robert Gould, 334
Sheehy, Donald G., 158, 170; “Metaphor
and Mental Health in Frost,” 170;
“‘What Became of New England’: Frost
and Rural Sociology,” 158
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 81, 234, 258, 367, 376
459
 Index
Shepherd, Emma (wife of Herman
Robison), 148
Sherwin, Oscar, 336; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Uncorking the Old Sherry, 336
Shetley, Vernon, 428–429; After the Death of
Poetry, 428–429
Sidney, Sir Philip, 12
Sieburth, Richard, 227
Sigourney, Lydia, 34–40 passim, 42–45,
passim; works by, mentioned/quoted:
“The Huguenot Pastor,” 39; “Lady
Jane Grey,” 39; Letters of Life, 39;
“The Martyr of Scio,” 39; Moral Pieces
in Prose and Verse, 34; “Napoleon
at Helena,” 39; “Paul at Athens,” 39;
“The Power of Friendship: the Ancient
Legend of Franconia,” 39; “The Rival
Kings of Mohegan, Contrasted with
the Rival Brothers of Persia,” 39;
Traits of the Aborigines of America,
34–39passim; “Zama,” 39
Silliman, Ron, 252, 361, 429
Simic, Charles, 435
Simms, William Gilmore, 32
Simon and Garfunkel, 120
Simon, Paul, 120
Simpson, Joshua Carter, 276
Simpson, Louis, 427–428
Six Gallery reading (1955, San
Francisco), 427
Skelton, John, 71
Slatin, John, 236
Smith, Bessie, 279, 282
Smith, John, 35
Smith, Larry, 429; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Coffeehouse Poetry
Anthology (as editor), 429 (See also
Performance Poetry
Smith, Martha Nell, 125, 131, 133; works
by, mentioned/quoted: The Classroom
Electric (ed. with Kenneth M. Price),
133; Dickinson Electronic Archives
(executive editor of), 123, 126–127;
Emily Dickinson’s Correspondences:
A Born-Digital Inquiry (ed. with Lara
Vetter), 123, 126, 127; Open Me
Carefully: Emily Dickinson’s Intimate
Letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson
(ed. with Ellen Louis Hart), 125, 128;
Rowing in Eden, 132; Titanic Operas: A
Poet’s Corner of Contemporary Women
Poets Responding to Dickinson’s Legacy
(ed. with Laura Elyn Lauth), 127
460
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Snediker, Michael, 360
Snodgrass, W.D., 329
Snyder, Gary, 223, 368, 369, 372, 428, 430
Soares, Lota de Macedo, 301, 302
Solomon, Carl, 367, 371
Sorrentino, Gilbert, 360
Southern Agrarians (poets), 333
Southey, Robert, 41, 42, 43; works by,
mentioned/quoted: Curse of Kehma, 41;
Thalala the Destroyer, 41
Spencer, Ann, 274, 277, 283, 284; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “At the Carnival,”
281; “Before the Feast at Shusan,” 277;
“Innocence,” 281; “Letter to My Sister,”
281, 283
Spencer, Herbert, 150–151
Spenser, Edmund, 12, 170; works by,
mentioned/quoted: The Faerie
Queene, 170
Spicer, Jack, 351, 352, 355–365 passim;
ideas about copyright of, 359; works by,
mentioned/quoted: Admonitions, 359,
360, 361; After Lorca, 357, 358, 360,
361, 363; Billy the Kid, 361; Book of
Magazine Verse, 355, 361, 362; A Book
of Music, 361; The Holy Grail, 361; The
House that Jack Built: The Collected
Lectures of Jack Spicer (ed. Peter
Gizzi), 356, 359; Imaginary Elegies,
360; Language, 357, 361, 362; “Love
Poems,” 362–363; “A Postscript to the
Berkeley Renaissance,” 356; “Song for
Bird and Myself,” 356; Troilus, 355
Spingarn, Amy, 276
Spingarn, Arthur, 276
Spingarn, Joel, 276
Squires, Radcliffe, 147, 152
Stanford, Ann, 12
Stanford, Donald, 19
Stanton, Maura, 431
Stapleton, Laurence, 241
Steichen, Edward, 235
Stein, Amelia (Milly), 173
Stein, Bertha, 173
Stein, Daniel, 173
Stein, Gertrude, 8, 172–187 passim, 209,
279, 399; works by, mentioned/quoted:
“Ada,” 177; The Autobiography of Alice
B. Toklas, 182; Brewsie and Willie, 183;
Composition as Explanation, 179–180;
“Cultivated Motor Automatism, A
Study of Character in its Relation to
Attention,” 173; Four Saints in Three
 Index
Acts, 182–183; “The Good Anna,”
175; “The Gentle Lena,” 175; History
or Messages from History, 181–182;
How to Write, 180; “How Writing
is Written,” 179; “If I Told Him, A
Completed Portrait of Picasso,” 177,
181; Lectures in America, 182; The
Making of Americans, 174–175, 176,
178; “Melanctha, Each One as She
May,” 175–176; Mrs. Reynolds, 183;
Narration: Four Lectures by Gertrude
Stein (introduction by Thornton
Wilder), 182; Patriarchal Poetry,
183–184; “Picasso,” 177; Q.E.D., 174,
176; Stanzas in Meditation, 184; Tender
Buttons, 178; The Mother of Us All,
183; Three Lives, 175–176; Wars I
Have Seen, 183; “The Winner Loses: A
Picture of Occupied France,” 183
Stein, Leo, 173, 174, 176
Stevens, Wallace, 8, 68, 73, 182, 188–200
passim, 239, 240, 254–255, 391, 399,
400, 403; works by, mentioned/quoted:
“Analysis of a Theme,” 196; “Anecdote
of the Jar,” 189, 190; “Anecdote of
the Prince of Peacocks,” 190; “Angels
Surrounded by Paysans,” 197, 198;
“The Auroras of Autumn,” 197, 198;
The Auroras of Autumn, 196–197;
“Banal Sojourn,” 254–255; “Bantams
in Pine Woods,” 191; “Chocorua to
its Neighbor,” 195; “Credences of
Summer,” 195; “Cy Est Pourtraicte,
Madame Ste Ursule,” 191; Collected
Poems (1954), 191; “The Comedian as
the Letter C,” 191, 192; “A Completely
New Set of Objects,” 196; “Description
without Place,” 195; “Disillusionment
of Ten O’clock,” 189; “Domination
of Black,” 189, 190, 198; “Dry Loaf,”
194; “Emperor of Ice Cream,” 189;
“Esthétique du Mal,” 195; “Farewell to
Florida,” 192; “Final Soliloquy of the
Interior Paramour,” 199; “The Good
Man Has No Shape,” 195; Harmonium,
188–191, 192, 195, 235, 254, 255; “A
High Toned Old Christian Woman,”
191; “The Idea of Order at Key West,”
192–193; Ideas of Order, 191, 192;
“Idiom of the Hero,” 194; “Imagination
as Value,” 190; “In the Carolinas,”
190; “The Jack Rabbit,” 191; “Late
Hymn from the Myrrh-Mountain,”
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196; “The Latest Freed Man,” 193; “A
Lot of People Bathing in a Stream,”
196; “Madame La Fleurie,” 199; “Man
Carrying Thing,” 195–196; “The
Man Whose Pharynx Was Bad,” 191,
192; The Man with the Blue Guitar,
191, 193; “Meditation Celestial and
Terrestrial,” 192; “Metaphors of a
Magnifico,” 195; “Le Monocle de Mon
Oncle,” 189, 190; “The Motive for
Metaphor,” 195; The Necessary Angel,
198; “No Possum, No Sop, No Taters,”
196; “The Noble Rider and the Sound
of Words,” 199; “Nomad Exquisite,”
190; “Not Ideas about the Thing but
the Thing Itself,” 198; Notes Toward
a Supreme Fiction, 193, 194–195; “Of
Mere Being,” 199; “Of Modern Poetry,”
194; “On the Road Home,” 68; “An
Ordinary Evening in New Haven,” 194,
197–198; Owl’s Clover, 191; “Paisant
Chronicle,” 195; Parts of a World, 193;
“Peter Quince at the Clavier,” 188, 191;
“The Plain Sense of Things,” 199; “The
Planet on the Table,” 188, 198; “Poems
of Our Climate,” 193; “The Pure Good
of Theory,” 195, 196; “The Relations
between Poetry and Painting,” 194;
“The River of Rivers in Connecticut,”
199; “Sad Strains of a Gay Waltz,”
192; “Sailing After Lunch,” 192; “The
Snow Man,” 190; “So-and-So Reclining
on Her Couch,” 196; “The Sun This
March,” 192; “Sunday Morning,”
188–189; “A Study of Two Pears,”
194; “Tea at the Palace of Hoon,” 188;
“Things of August,” 198; “Thinking
of a Relation between the Images of
Metaphors,” 195; “Thirteen Ways of
Looking at a Blackbird,” 189; Transport
to Summer, 195–196; “Two Versions of
the Same Poem,” 196; “United Dames of
America,” 194; “A Woman Sings a Song
for a Soldier Come Home,” 195; “The
World as Meditation,” 199
Stevenson, Anne, 300, 310, 311
Stevenson, Burton, 4; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Poems of American History, 4
Stieglitz, Alfred, 208, 235
Stiles, Ezra, 10
Still, William Grant, 278
Stock, Noel, 222
Stoddard, Samuel, 18
461
 Index

Stone, Ruth, 127 Responding to Dickinson’s Legacy

Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 36, 120; works (Martha Nell Smith and Laura Elyn
by, mentioned/quoted: Uncle Tom’s Lauth, eds.), 127
Cabin, 36 Todd, Mabel Loomis, 119–120, 121, 124
Strauss, Johann, 54 Toklas, Alice Babette, 176, 177, 178, 182
Sumner, Charles, 47, 48, 49, 56 Tolson, Melvin, 317
Surrealism/surreal/surrealist, 300, 309, 310, Tomlinson, Charles, 232
312, 372, 372, 375, 391, 392, 394, 395, Toomer, Jean, 274, 276, 279, 281, 282,
399, 400, 403, 428, 429, 431 284; works by, mentioned/quoted: The
Swedenborg, Emmanuel, 165, 433 Blue Meridian,” 283; Cane, 274, 279;
Swinburne, Algernon, 99, 100, 223, 239, “Esther,” 283; “Face,” 283; “Fern,” 283;
287, 409 “Georgia Dusk, 274–275; “Her Lips
Symonds, John Addington, 90 Are Copper Wire,” 283; “Karintha,”
Synge, John Millington, 277 276; “November Cotton Flower,” 281;
“Rhobert,” 283; “Song of the Son,” 283
Tal-Coat, Pierre (Pierre Louis Jacob), 198 Tracy, Steven, 5
Tapscott, Steven, 203 Traherne, Thomas, 234
Tate, Allen, 258, 261, 267, 333 Traubel, Horace, 52, 89
Tate, James, 431 Treaty of Versailles (1919), 218
Taylor, Edward, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17–21 Trethewey, Natasha, 431
passim; works by, mentioned/quoted: Trilling, Lionel, 164, 166, 170
God’s Determinations Touching His Trollope, Anthony, 238
Elect, 20–21; “Huswifery,” 21; Metrical Trotter, William Monroe, 274
History of Christianity, 18; Preparatory Trowbridge, John Townsend, 88
Meditations, 19–20; “Upon a Spider Trumbull, John, 33; works by, mentioned/
Catching a Fly,” 21 quoted: “Prospect of the Future Glory
Taylor, Elizabeth (wife of Edward), 19 of America,” 33
Taylor, James (son of Edward), 20 Tucker, Sophie, 278
Taylor, Judith, 431 Tudor, David, 342
Templeton, Alice, 419; works by, Turner, Darwin, 138
mentioned/quoted: The Dream of the Turner, Nat, 3
Dialogue, 419 Tuve, Rosemond, 16
Tennyson, Alfred Lord, 104, 224, 409 Twain, Mark (See Adventures of
Terkel, Studs, 420 Huckleberry Finn)
Tertullian, 25, 42; works by, mentioned/ Twombly, Cy, 342
quoted: “An Exhortation to Chastity,” 25
Thirteenth Amendment (US Untermeyer, Louis, 8, 161, 162, 164, 165,
Constitution), 58 166, 247, 248, 262
Thomas, Edward, 161, 163; works by, Urban League, 275
mentioned/quoted: Poems, 161
Thompson, George, 97 Valéry, Paul, 240, 430
Thompson, Lawrance, 164 Vallejo, César, 431
Thomson, Virgil, 182 Van Dyne, Susan R., 380–381
Thoreau, Henry David, 4, 54, 203, 336; Van Vechten, Carl, 276, 279
works by, mentioned/quoted: “Civil Vetter, Laura, 131; works by, mentioned/
Disobedience,” 4 quoted: Emily Dickinson’s
Thurman, Wallace, 272, 274, 279 Correspondences: A Born-Digital
Till, Emmett, 323 Inquiry (ed. with Martha Nell Smith),
Tillman, Benjamin, 5–6 123, 126, 127
Timrod, Henry, 2; works by, mentioned/ Vietnam War (US phase of, 1965–1975),
quoted: “The Cotton Boll,” 2 107, 334, 335, 342, 372, 375, 376, 411,
Titanic Operas: A Poet’s Corner of 412, 414
Contemporary Women Poets Violi, Paul, 429

462

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 Index
Virgil, 2, 14, 26, 71, 432; works by,
mentioned/quoted: Aeneid, 2, 14, 35,
71, 432
Visions of Tundal, 432
Voice, The (journal, edited by Hubert
Harrison), 275
Voltaire, 40, 42
von Hallberg, Robert, 341
Vorticism, 216–217
Voznesensky, Andrei, 366
Wadsworth, Isabel, 215
Wahl, Jean, 196
Waldman, Anne, 429, 433
Walker, Margaret, 324; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Jubilee, 324
Walrond, Eric D., 275
War of the Anthologies, 350, 425–427 (See
also Allen, Donald; Hall, Donald; Pack,
Robert; Simpson, Louis)
Warner, (Reverend) John Riddle, 233, 236
Warner, John, 233, 240
Warren, (US Supreme Court Chief Justice)
Earl, 221
Warren, Mercy Otis, 38; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “A Political
Reverie,” 38
Washington, Booker T., 136, 138, 142, 273,
279, 290, 297; works by, mentioned/
quoted: speech delivered at the 1895
Atlanta Exposition (so-called “Atlanta
Compromise” speech), 142; Up From
Slavery, 279
Washington, George, 28, 29, 38, 181, 243
Washington, Mary Helen, 323
Watkins, E.I., 336; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Catholic Art and Culture, 336
Webb, Charles Harper, 429, 431; works
by, mentioned/quoted: Stand-Up
Poetry, 429
Webster, Daniel, 94, 181, 238
Weil, Simone, 416
Werner, Marta L., 127; works by, mentioned/
quoted: Radical Scatters: Emily
Dickinson’s Late Fragments and Related
Texts, 1870–1886, 123, 127
West, Dorothy, 274
Weston, Drew, 434
Whalen, Philip, 368, 369, 428
Wheatley, Phillis, 24–31 passim, 33, 138,
277; works by, mentioned/quoted:
“An Elegy on Leaving” (“Farewell!
Ye friendly bowers…”), 30; “Liberty
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and Peace,” 33; “On Imagination,”
26; “On Messrs. Hussy and Coffin,”
24–25; “On Recollection,” 26; “On
Virtue,” 25; Poems on Various Subjects
Religious and Moral, 24; “Thoughts on
the Work of Providence,” 26–27; “To
His Excellency George Washington,”
28; “To the King’s Most Excellent
Majesty,” 28; “To the Right Honorable
William, Earl of Dartmouth, His
Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State for
North America,” 28–29; “’Twas Mercy
That Brought Me From My Pagan
Land,” 138
Wheatley, Susanna, 29
Whistler, James Abbott McNeill, 234, 245
Whitfield, George, 24, 28
Whitfield, James Monroe, 1, 4, 276; works
by, mentioned/quoted: “America,”
1, 4, 276
Whitman, Albery Allston, 276; works
by, mentioned/quoted: The Rape of
Florida, 276
Whitman, Hannah (sister of the poet), 90
Whitman, Jess (brother of the poet), 90
Whitman, Louisa (mother of the
poet), 87–88
Whitman, Walt 1, 2, 3, 4, 21, 49, 52, 71,
78, 80, 87–103 passim, 107, 119, 120,
125–127, 132, 138, 203, 227, 250,
251–252, 258, 261, 263–265, 267, 283,
284, 297, 349, 366, 367, 368, 370,
371, 376, 391, 397, 403, 433; digital
archive of, Walt Whitman Archive,
125, 127; works by, mentioned/quoted:
“Calamus,” 90, 91, 98; “Children of
Adam,” 91, 98; “Crossing Brooklyn
Ferry,” 94; “The Dalliance of Eagles,”
91; “The Death of Abraham Lincoln,”,
99; Drum-Taps, 4, 107; “I Sing the Body
Electric,” 96; Leaves of Grass, 2, 3, 4,
52, 80, 88–89, 91–93, 95, 97, 98–99,
119, 370; “Long, Long Hence,” 100;
“Preface” to Leaves of Grass (1855), 3,
92, 98, 99; “O Captain! My Captain!,”
100; “The Sleepers,” 52; “Song of
Myself,” 43, 92–98, 251, 366, 371;
“When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard
Bloomed,” 99
Whitman, Walter (father of the poet),
87–88, 90
Whittier, John Greenleaf, 4, 11, 49, 55, 58;
works by, mentioned/quoted: “Burning
463
 Index
Whittier, John Greenleaf (cont.)
Drift-Wood,” 56–57; “Ichabod,” 4;
Snow-Bound, 56
Wiener, Norbert, 344
Wieners, John, 340
Wigglesworth, Michael, 20; works by,
mentioned/quoted: The Day of
Doom, 20
Wilbur, Richard, 78, 427
Wilde, Oscar, 100, 255
Wilder, Thornton, 182
Willard, Emma, 39
Williams, Clarence, 278
Williams, Jonathan, 340
Williams, Luci Ariel, 281; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “Northboun,” 281
Williams, William Carlos, 8, 188, 201–213
passim, 215, 238, 239, 240, 241, 247,
248, 252, 262, 329, 336, 343, 345, 346,
349, 350, 351, 366, 370, 391; works
by, mentioned/quoted: Al Que Quiere!,
203; “April, 209; “Asphodel, That
Greeny Flower,” 211; “At the Ballgame,”
205; “The Botticellian Trees,” 209; “By
the road to the contagious hospital,”
206; “Della Primavera Trasportata
al Morale,” 209; “The Descent of
Winter,” 208; The Desert Music, 211;
An Early Martyr and Other Poems,
209; The Great American Novel, 203;
In the American Grain, 210; Journey
to Love, 211; Kora in Hell, 208, 239;
Paterson, 205, 208, 210, 211; Pictures
from Breughel, 211; Poems (1909), 201;
“The Poet of Flowers,” 206; “Rapid
Transit,” 208; “The Red Wheel Barrow,”
205, 346; “Root, Branch and Flower”
(working title for autobiography), 204;
Selected Poems, 211; Spring and All,
205–206, 208, 343; “To a Poor Old
464
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Woman,” 209–210; “To All Gentleness,”
204–205; “To Elsie,” 205; “The Uses of
Poetry,” 202; “The Wanderer: A Rococo
Study,” 202; “Yours, O Youth,” 203
Winchester, Simon, 432
Winters, Yvor, 151–152, 153, 258, 260, 261,
263, 265
Wollstonecraft, Mary, 410
Woodbridge, John, 16
Woolf, Virginia, 320, 410; works by,
mentioned/quoted: Jacob’s Room, 320
Wordsworth, William, 33, 41, 104, 153, 169,
192, 198, 217, 227, 252, 312; works
by, mentioned/quoted: “Daffodils,” 312;
“Michael,” 153; “The Old Cumberland
Beggar,” 153; Poems, in Two Volumes,
33; The Prelude, 192; “The Ruined
Cottage,” 153
Work, James II, 141
Wright, James, 223, 428
Wright, Richard, 5, 175, 319; works by,
mentioned/quoted: Black Boy, 5;
Native Son, 5, 319; Uncle Tom’s
Children, 5
Wright, Wilber (and Wright Brothers), 181,
264, 279
Yeats, William Butler, 116, 199, 216, 217,
223, 240, 277, 305, 377; works by,
mentioned/quoted: “The Second
Coming,” 116; The Wind Among the
Reeds, 223
Yevtushenko, Yevgeny, 366
Yingling, Thomas E., 267, 268
Young, Dean, 431
Zagajewski, Adam, 435
Zinzendorf, Nicolaus, 39
Zolynas, Al, 431
Zukofsky, Louis, 209, 252, 349