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  • Pathway Inc

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    This document outlines the four stages (kala) of labor and delivery: 1. Kala I involves cervical dilation from 1-10 cm as well as contractions that increase in strength and frequency. Pain and anxiety levels rise during this stage. 2. Kala II is when the baby's head enters the pelvis and strong, rapid contractions push the baby through the birth canal. This requires increased energy and effort from the mother. 3. Kala III occurs after the baby is delivered and the placenta is expelled, either naturally or manually. Risks include postpartum hemorrhage and infection. 4. Kala IV is recovery as the body returns to its non-

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    This document outlines the four stages (kala) of labor and delivery: 1. Kala I involves cervical dilation from 1-10 cm as well as contractions that increase in strength and frequency. Pain and anxiety levels rise during this stage. 2. Kala II is when the baby's head enters the pelvis and strong, rapid contractions push the baby through the birth canal. This requires increased energy and effort from the mother. 3. Kala III occurs after the baby is delivered and the placenta is expelled, either naturally or manually. Risks include postpartum hemorrhage and infection. 4. Kala IV is recovery as the body returns to its non-

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    692 views4 pages

    Pathway Inc

    Uploaded by

    ismiati
    This document outlines the four stages (kala) of labor and delivery: 1. Kala I involves cervical dilation from 1-10 cm as well as contractions that increase in strength and frequency. Pain and anxiety levels rise during this stage. 2. Kala II is when the baby's head enters the pelvis and strong, rapid contractions push the baby through the birth canal. This requires increased energy and effort from the mother. 3. Kala III occurs after the baby is delivered and the placenta is expelled, either naturally or manually. Risks include postpartum hemorrhage and infection. 4. Kala IV is recovery as the body returns to its non-

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 4

    A.

    PATHWAY
    Kala I
    Penurunan hormone Plasenta tua Iritasi mekanis

    Estrogen menurun, Rangsangan estrogen Penekanan serviks oleh


    progesterone bagian terbawah janin
    menurun Peningkatan estrogen
    Penekanan plexus tranken
    Kontraksi otot polos Sintesa prostaglandin lause
    meningkat
    Peningkatan Peningkatan kontraksi
    kontraksi uterus Konsentrasi actin myosin, ATP
    meningkat

    Kontraksi (his)

    Kala I fase laten Kala I fase aktif


    Pembukaan Keadaan psikologis Penurunan bagian Pembukaan serviks
    serviks (1-3 bawah janin (4-10 cm)
    cm) Krisis maternal
    Penekanan vesika Dilatasi jaringan
    Dilatasi serviks Ansietas urinaria serviks

    Menekan saraf Perubahan Perobekan


    sekitar eliminasi urin pembuluh darah
    kapiler
    Pelepasan Mekanisme tubuh
    mediator nyeri Perdarahan
    Sekresi kelenjar
    Persepsi nyeri sebasea meningkat

    Nyeri Diaphoresis
    Persalinan
    Resiko deficit volume cairan

    Nyeri
    Persalinan

    Kesiapan Meningkatkan
    Proses Kehamilan Persalinan
    Kala II
    Kepala masuk PAP

    His cepat dan lebih kuat

    Tekanan pada otot2 panggul

    Menekan vena cava Energy yang dibutuhkan Reflex meneran


    inferior semakin banyak
    Usaha meneran
    Hambatan aliran balik Intake oral ↓
    vena Kompresi mekanis,
    Kelemahan/keletihan Adaptasi pernafasan
    CO2 menurun
    Kekuatan otot menurun O2 menurun, CO2
    Curah jantung meningkat
    meningkat Kemampuan meneran
    menurun Gangguan pertukaran
    Merangsang reseptor gas
    nyeri Persalinan lama
    Bayi
    Nyeri Usaha memperlebar jalan besar
    lahir
    Merangsang adrenalin Nyeri
    Episiotomy
    Kelenjar sebasea
    meningkat Nyeri Kesiapan
    meningkatkan
    Keringkat berlebih Kerusakan persalinan-
    Integritas Kulit melahirkan
    Diaphoresis

    Deficit volume cairan

    Diskontinuitas jaringan

    Pertahanan primer inadekuat

    Terbukanya port de entry kuman

    Resiko Infeksi
    Kala III
    Janin keluar

    Ibu kelelahan

    Kontraksi jelek Mampu meneran

    Plasenta tidak keluar Uterus kontraksi

    Plasenta keluar
    Pengeluaran Resiko HPP
    plasenta secara
    manual Hipovolemia Komplit Inkomplit
    vaskuler
    Kontraksi baik Kontraksi buruk
    Resiko Infeksi Resiko deficit
    volume cairan Pengeluaran
    Resiko syok plasenta secara
    Perubahan CO manual

    Sirkulasi Resiko HPP Resiko Infeksi


    terganggu

    Gangguan
    perfusi jaringan

    Kala IV
    Proses persalinan plasenta

    Kebutuhan Tempat Robekan Kontraksi


    energy insersi jalan lahir uterus
    meningkat plasenta kurang
    Diskontinuitas Pertahanan
    Intake Pelepasan jaringan primer Kontusio
    kurang jaringan inadekuat uteri
    nekrotik Pelepasan
    Produksi mediator Terbukanya HPP
    energy Lochea inflamasi port de entry
    menurun kuman Deficit
    Tempat Ambang nyeri vol.cairan
    Kelelahan berkembang menurun Resiko
    kuman infeksi CO
    Nyeri menurun

    Gangguan
    perfusi
    jaringan
    perifer

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