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Drawing Production User Guide
Contents Page
Drawing Production
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
How this Guide is Organised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Other Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
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Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:1
Modifying an Existing View to Make it User-defined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:1
Defining the Drawlist Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:4
Setting the Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:6
Displaying the Contents of the View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:6
Creating a Sheet with a Limits-defined View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:9
Setting the Contents of the View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:14
Labelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:1
Creating a General Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:1
Modify Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:4
Entering and Exiting Modify Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:4
Item Selection and Display Details. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:4
Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:5
Modifying Labels Graphically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:7
2D Positioning Menu Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:10
Gaps in Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:11
Label Leader Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:12
Modifying Design Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:13
Accessing a Design Symbol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:13
Moving a Design Symbol Using the Cursor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:13
Highlighting a Design Symbol Layer or Design Symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:14
Dimensioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:1
Creating Linear Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:3
Deleting Dimension Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:7
Modifying Linear Dimensions Graphically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:7
Angular Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:8
Modifying Angular Dimensions Graphically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:10
Radial Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:10
Modifying Radial Dimensions Graphically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:11
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2D Drafting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:1
2D Drafting Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:1
Creating Sheet Note and View Note Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:2
Creating Primitives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:3
Editing 2D Primitives Graphically. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:4
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Introduction
1 Introduction
This guide covers the facilities provided by DRAFT, which is the module used for the
generation of fully annotated engineering drawings directly from design data. The guide
explains the main concepts underlying DRAFT and its supporting applications.
This guide is intended for engineers who are familiar with drafting practices and the basic
Graphical User Interface (GUI) features as described in Getting Started with PDMS.
Introducing the DRAFT gives a general overview of the structure and functions of the
Module DRAFT module.
Getting Started describes the DRAFT startup display and how an existing
drawing sheet is displayed. Includes an explanation of the
relevant part of the DRAFT database hierarchy.
Set up the Hierarchy to describes how the elements of the DRAFT hierarchy are
Create a Drawing Sheet created, as necessary to create a new drawing sheet.
Views describes the setting up of Views, which define the parts of the
model that are drawn on a drawing sheet.
Using the 3D View explains how drawing Sheets are populated using the 3D View
functionality.
Labelling describes how Labels are added to items that appear in Views.
Also described is how the appearance of the labels is changed.
2D Drafting explains how text and basic graphical shapes are added to
existing sheets and views.
Section Planes explains how section planes are created and manipulated.
Additional Facilities describes a utility for adding menu options to the User Utilities
menu
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Introduction
The guide provides an index, allowing the user to refer back to any specific topics.
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Introducing the DRAFT Module
Drawing Creation
The user selects the particular part of the design model and the direction and scale to use.
The design model can be viewed from any angle at any scale, including isometric views,
with perspective if required. The appearance of the 3D graphics is controlled from
representation rules that are pre-defined by the project administrator. This allows different
types of design items to have different line styles applied to them. The required
representation can be selected during view creation.
Various levels of wireline and hidden-line removal can be used. Sectional views can be
generated by the creation of flat or stepped section planes, and there are no restrictions on
the number of planes created or the selection of items that can be sectioned. The scale of
the 3D graphics can be selected from a set of Metric, Architectural and Engineering values,
with the option of an automatic scale selection to use the largest scale possible for the given
design data and drawing sheet size.
Hierarchy
Facilities are available for specifying details of the hierarchy within the DRAFT database for
the location of the drawings and their sheets.
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Introducing the DRAFT Module
2.1.2 Labelling
Labels can be attached to any design element and used to display any attribute of the
element. The user can control the format, content and appearance of the labels, with
suitable project defaults defined by the administrator. Direct reference to the design data,
combined with a simple update annotation operation, means that the annotation always
reflects the current state of the design model. The position and orientation of the labels can
be modified graphically, to ensure a clear drawing layout.
2.1.3 Dimensioning
There are four generic dimension types available in DRAFT, namely, Linear, Angular, Radial
and Pitch Circle Diameter. These allow intelligent dimensions to be created to dimensioning
standards.
Dimensions are calculated directly from the design model. The format, content and
appearance of the dimensions can be controlled. The administrator can define suitable
project defaults.
As with labelling, direct reference to the design data means that the annotation always
reflects the current state of the design model, with a simple update annotation operation.
Once the dimensions have been created, the position and orientation of dimensions can be
adjusted graphically.
2.1.4 2D Drafting
DRAFT's intelligent 2D drafting allows additional 2D annotation (manually drafted graphics
and text) to be generated on the drawing sheet. Operations such as grouping, multiple
copying, rubber banding, nested symbols, symbol libraries, and full element editing
functions are available. This facility is not intended to be used as a drafting application.
Like other DRAFT data, all 2D annotation can be linked to the design data and so can easily
be updated to follow the changes that occur in the design model.
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Introducing the DRAFT Module
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Introducing the DRAFT Module
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Getting Started
3 Getting Started
The DRAFT database is a tree structure, which for reference purposes is illustrated in
DRAFT Database. The above hierarchy shows the part of the tree that is relevant to
displaying drawings and sheets.
The World is the top element. The next level down in the structure is a Department. The
World can own several Departments, which are known as its Members, and the World is
known as the Owner of the Departments.
Departments can own Registries, which can own Drawings, which can own Sheets.
For more details of these elements, refer to the DRAFT User Guide.
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Getting Started
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Getting Started
3.2.1 Toolbars
A number of toolbars specific to DRAFT provide shortcuts to various DRAFT functions.
These toolbars are as follows:
Layers Toolbar
The Layers toolbar is used to select a layer, and specify the filter and visibility settings for
that layer.
Layers are grouped by Note or View. To access a layer that belongs to a View other than the
current one, select the required View from the new Current Note or View list of options
before selecting the Layer you require from the layer list, or filtering them by type.
As Notes or Views are selected in the Draft Explorer or from a displayed drawing, the
current layer list is automatically updated in the layer toolbar.
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Getting Started
Use Default Name Used to specify whether or not a new drawing will be
given a default name or named by the user.
Used to create linear dimensions. The button on the end of the toolbar: , accesses the
Dimensions form from which more linear dimensions, plus angular, radial and pitch
dimensions can be selected.
The name of the sheet will be displayed in the Working Sheet toolbar list next to the button
and the currently selected Layer will appear in the Layers toolbar. The sheet will be
displayed in the Drawing Display.
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Getting Started
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Getting Started
• In the Reference View right click context menu option Add CE.
The way in which drawable elements are viewed in the two display windows is also
dependant upon which Draft application you are using. Draft Administration users for
example will be able to display administration elements such a backing sheets in the main
display.
The example below shows a drawing display with Write-access in the main display while a
Read-only symbol library sheet is displayed in the Reference display.
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Getting Started
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Getting Started
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Set up the Hierarchy to Create a Drawing Sheet
This section describes how a drawing sheet belonging to a new branch of the DRAFT
hierarchy is created. Also described is a quick method of creating a Drawing Sheet from a
standard template with a single click.
An administrative element can be created only at one level lower than an existing element,
which will then own it. Consequently, to create a drawing in a new branch of the hierarchy,
the upper elements of that branch, firstly a Department and then a Registry, must be
created before the Drawing and its Sheet are created.
When OK is clicked on the Create DEPT form, the Department Information form is
displayed.
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Set up the Hierarchy to Create a Drawing Sheet
This form allows the user the opportunity to automatically create a Registry and/or to set up
Attributes of the Department.
The range of available attributes can be viewed by clicking on the Attributes button to
display the Department Attributes form, which features four tabs for selection.
With this tab selected the user is able to select the units and set the precision.
Intelligent Text
With this tab selected the user is able to select an output format for the positional code
words.
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Set up the Hierarchy to Create a Drawing Sheet
Pens
With the tab selected the user can set the line colour and style.
Miscellaneous
With this tab selected the user can set various attributes, including note format and
dimension terminator.
The attributes set in this form are default properties of the Registries that will eventually be
created in the branch below the Department. The attributes are cascaded down through the
Registries and Drawings within this Department, but they can be changed at any level. The
default properties of the Sheets are taken from the Drawings element.
In the Pens tab, Standard options of line colour and style are set explicitly by selecting
system-defined settings from the colour, line-pattern and thickness drop-down lists. Clicking
on Pick allows a colour to be selected from a colour palette.
To select a user-defined style, the checkbox is ticked to display, the User-defined line
styles form. A Style Table is selected and then a selection is made from the list of styles.
In the Intelligent Text system there are code words that are used to request the position of
certain elements. These expand to a string providing the location expressed in either the
ENU (East North Up) coordinate system, as an absolute position (XYZ), or as a purely
numerical output (Numbers only).
To accomplish this, two attributes are provided for a number of elements in the DRAFT
database (including DEPT, REGI, DRWG, SHEE, VIEW, LAYE). The setting of these
attributes determines the output format used by the positional code words, and are
determined by the selection made in the Intelligent Text tab. The same output format is
used throughout a given layer.
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Set up the Hierarchy to Create a Drawing Sheet
With the Create Registry checkbox on the Department Information form selected, clicking
OK, creates the Department and displays the Create REGI form.
This form allows the user to enter a name for the Registry in the Name field or accept the
default name. Clicking OK displays the Registry Information form.
This form shows the name of the Registry and gives the user the opportunity to
automatically create a drawing and/or to set up attributes of the Registry.
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Set up the Hierarchy to Create a Drawing Sheet
Explicitly
By choosing to create a drawing explicitly, the user will have to use the Create options on
the main menu bar to create all of its member elements, such as Sheets and their Views.
From Template
With the From Template option selected on the Registry Information form, clicking OK on
the Create DRWG form displays the Create New Drawing from Template form.
This form allows the user to select the source of the template, the drawing size and the
Sheet number of that drawing.
Template Drawing Sheets Select a single sheet from the Sheets list.
Use Default Naming Select to give default names to created drawings and
sheets.
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Set up the Hierarchy to Create a Drawing Sheet
There may be other elements, such as Sheet Notes, which are used to store text and
primitives for the 2D Drafting.
The Drawing will also own a Library. DRAFT makes extensive use of libraries, most of
which are set up by the System Administrator. Libraries are used to store things like
symbols and Drawlists. General users can only extract information from libraries, not
change them.
Note: Libraries are accessed by the Application automatically and, therefore, the user will
not need to access them directly. The user should not attempt to rename or delete
Libraries, or their members.
Clicking OK on the Create New Drawings from Template form, creates a Sheet having all
the attributes of the template and displays the Sheet in the Drawing Window.
Note: A ‘quick’ way to create a Drawing Sheet is by simply clicking on the Create New
From Default Template button on the toolbar of the same name:
A Drawing Sheet, automatically named, will appear in the Drawing View based on a built in
template.
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Set up the Hierarchy to Create a Drawing Sheet
be properly set up to use TrueType fonts, then all subsequently created members will inherit
this setting.
Note: An associated backing sheet (BACK) can restrict the choice of fonts. If the backing
sheet is marked as using PDMS fonts, you cannot switch the font to TrueType. Any
backing sheets (and overlay sheets too) should have compatible TTFENA attribute
settings with the SHEE element with which they are associated.
Forms that previously offered the choice of a font, now can allow the selection of a TrueType
font (provided that the element being modified can accept TrueType fonts).
For example, a DRWG element, that has a backing sheet reference unset, has full freedom
of choice of the TTFENA attribute. Therefore, the Drawing Attributes form would appear
as shown:
The Font drop-down list allows a choice of PDMS or TrueType fonts. For example, if the
*Select a TrueType font option, is selected, the TrueType font selection form is displayed.
This form allows the user to choose the font, including its Bold and Italic settings.
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Set up the Hierarchy to Create a Drawing Sheet
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Views
5 Views
A View determines which Design Model items are shown on the Sheet that owns the View.
Each View element defines:
• the viewing parameters (looking direction, scale, etc.),
• the size, position and orientation of the View on the Sheet,
• the contents of the View (the Drawlist).
If a Sheet has been created from a template, the Sheet will normally contain at least
one View, depending on how the template has been set up by the System
Administrator. An existing View can be modified by using the Modify > View options on
the main menu, or more Views can be created on a Sheet by using the Create > View
options. The user must be at Sheet level or below before a View can be created.
Two methods of defining a View, are User-Defined and Limits-Defined.
User-Defined View
User-Defined Views are used to draw individual items or groups of items in the design
model, when the volume or limits of the items are not known. The size of the frame is
independent of its contents. The scale can be automatically set to fit the design elements
into the available view frame area.
Limits-Defined View
Limits-Defined Views are used to draw the contents of a specified volume of the model. The
limits are defined in project co-ordinates, and are represented by the size of the View frame
at the selected scale. The View frame can include matchlines with text showing the
coordinates of the View limits.
Note: 2D drawing sheets can be populated using the 3D View of the design model within
DRAFT. For further details refer to Using the 3D View.
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Views
General
In this tab the user can apply various settings to define the View.
Show Changes since Select to show changes from a specific time and date.
Update Design on Apply? Gives the user options for updating or not updating a design.
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Views
Scale
In this tab the user can set the scale of the View. The bottom half of the form is similar to that
displayed for the General tab.
Scale Allows the user the option of selecting the scale from a set of
Metric, Architectural or Engineering values. The Auto Scale
button activates automatic scale selection.
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Views
Intelligent Text
In this tab the user is able to set the output format of the positioned code words.
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Views
The form allows the user to define the Drawlist contents by compiling a list of selected
elements which are to be drawn in the View.
Drawlist Library Allows the selection of a Drawlist Library from a drop-down list
Drawlist Members Shows the Members of an element which have been added
from the Reference List Members list
Delete All Removes all entries from the Drawlist Members list
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Views
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Views
Note: Whenever any settings on the User-Defined View form are changed, Update
Design must be selected in the Update Design on Apply? panel at the base of the
form and Apply clicked (or select Graphics > Update > Design from the main
menu) before any change will be seen.
Note: If a black background to the drawing is not wanted, it can be changed by selecting
Colour Settings > Background Colour… from the shortcut menu within the
Drawing View.
Having modified the View to make it user-defined, the View can be displayed by selecting
Display > 3D View from the main menu.
Window toolbar: .
Note: An item can be similarly deleted from the 3D View by selecting it and clicking the
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Views
Any change in the 3D View can be reflected back into the 2D View. There are several ways
of doing this.
The controls shown below determine how the Views are synchronised:
If On Demand is selected in the drop-down list, then the Views will not synchronise until
they are directed to. The following icons can be used to do this:
Pick 2D View to associate to the 3D View: This allows the current 3D View
contents to be associated with a different 2D View. When using this tool the user
is asked to identify a 2D View to associate with the current 3D View contents.
This functionality is particularly useful whenever different views are required of
similar content.
The Views can be set so that they automatically synchronise. This can be done by selecting
Auto Update from the drop-down list:
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Views
Selecting Background will do much the same thing, with the difference being Auto Update
synchronises immediately and Background synchronises during idle-time.
Note: Choosing Auto Update or Background can slow the system down significantly if
working with large drawings. These options should be used with care.
Note: If items are added or deleted from the 2D View the change is not automatically
reflected back into the 3D View. The Update 3D View from 2D View icon, must be
used.
Clicking OK displays the Sheet Definition form, which has two tabs. This form can be used
to define a Sheet that does not contain any Views.
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Views
With this tab selected the user can apply various settings to define the sheet.
Width Enter a value for the sheet width or select a sheet size
from the drop-down list.
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Views
With this tab selected the user is able to select an output format for the positioned code
words.
After making any required changes to the default values set in the Sheet Definition form,
clicking Apply creates the Sheet.
To create a Limits-defined view, Create > View > Limits-defined is selected from the main
menu to display the Create VIEW form.
Clicking OK displays the Limits-Defined View form, which has four tabs.
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Views
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Views
The Limits-Defined View form is similar to the User-Defined View form (refer to Modifying
an Existing View to Make it User-defined) but has an additional Limits tab for setting the
limits of the view. It also has a Matchlines check box, which switches matchlines on and off.
In addition the Scale options are slightly different.
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Views
Clicking OK allows the user to create a Drawlist using the Drawlist Management form.
Also on the Limits-Defined View form, selecting Graphics > Drawlist Ref from the menu
at the top of the form, displays the Drawlist Reference form.
This form allows the user to select the newly created Drawlist which is to be used in the
Limits-defined View.
Setting the Limits and Scale on the Limits-Defined View form, then selecting Update
Design and clicking Apply, will display the drawing with a Limits-defined View.
Note: If the Matchlines checkbox has been selected and the Matchlines overlap the Sheet
frame, this can be corrected by selecting Frame > Position > Cursor > Top Right
from the menu at the top of the Limits-Defined View form and clicking on the Sheet
where the top right corner of the view is to be repositioned to fit in the available
space.
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Views
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Views
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Using the 3D View
The 3D View Window in DRAFT allows the user to assemble and manipulate Design
elements to populate drawing sheets.
This allows the user to examine the content of the drawings in 3D view, before establishing
the view content as a 2D drawing.
However, the 3D View window also offers powerful facilities to enable the manipulation of
2D drawings.
The Display controls allow the user to display the list content, add selected components to
the 2D View Content list, and remove all items from the list.
Clicking on the Show View Content icon, displays the View Content form which shows
what is in the 2D drawlist. An entry can be removed from the list by right-clicking on it and
then on the Remove Selected box.
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Using the 3D View
The View Content list shows the elements which have been added to the 2D and 3D Views
in DRAFT.
Note: The View Content list will not be updated even if Auto Update is set if the Update 2D
Viewlist button, is unset.
This option allows the Frame to be scaled to the drawing. The Scale form allows the user to:
• Choose whether the scale is shown as a numeric ratio (Metric), or in Architectural or
Engineering styles.
• Instruct DRAFT to calculate a scale so that the elements in the drawlist will just fit within
the View, using the Auto Scale button. The actual scale will be displayed in the Scale
text box.
Alternatively, a value can be typed directly into the text box on the toolbar:
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Using the 3D View
The Viewfinder represents the view that will be projected into the 2D View; that is, it can be
imagined as a window through which a 2D snapshot of the 3D design can be taken.
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Using the 3D View
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Drawing Production User Guide
Labelling
7 Labelling
There are two types of Label, General Labels (GLAB) and Symbolic Labels (SLAB). Their
characteristics are as follows:
• General Labels consist of text derived from the design model. These labels are
discussed in this section.
• Symbolic Labels are generated from templates (which can contain 2D primitives,
including text), defined by a reference to a Symbol Template (SYTM). These labels
are not described in this Guide.
The relevant part of the DRAFT hierarchy is simply that the Views own Layers that in
turn own the labels.
This form allows the user to enter the settings required for creating a label.
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Labelling
Attach to Select an element type to be labelled from the drop-down list. The list
has two parts: the top part displays a list of menus for different types
of elements and the bottom part displays a list of Common Elements.
Rotate Enter a value for the rotation along the P-line Axis.
DRAFT automatically selects the Label layer in anticipation that the user is going to create
Labels. The Label layer, along with Drawing layers for dimensions, notes and tags are
created automatically as members of a View.
The Label layer can also be selected in the Layers toolbar and in the History toolbar.
Layers toolbar
History toolbar
The Layers toolbar simply shows the Drawing Layer the user is currently working on. The
History toolbar displays a ‘history’ of the current elements that have been selected (the left/
right arrows are used to select recently accessed elements).
To begin creating a new Label, Create NEW is clicked on the Labels form, and then the
Label layer is selected in Draft Explorer.
The user is prompted (in the main window status area) to identify the Design elements to be
labelled.
Each item of equipment is identified by clicking on it in the Drawing display or the 3D View.
As an item of equipment is clicked on, a label containing the name of the equipment will be
created at the origin of the equipment and will appear in the 2D View only.
When each item of Equipment has been labelled, pressing Esc returns to normal operation.
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Labelling
The Labels will appear in the Drawing Window at the origins of the Equipment that have
been selected.
The contents of the label are set by default to be the Name of the labelled element. The
contents can be changed by selecting Text Contents from the Attributes drop-down list on
the General Labels tab of the Labels form. The Modify Text form is then displayed.
The textbox on the form shows the content of the label. This can be normal text directly
entered and which appears in the label, or Intelligent Text for which the information in the
label is automatically taken from the DESIGN database
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Labelling
The default #NAME entry is an example of Intelligent Text. It is one of many different
attributes, which are listed in the Intelligent Text form. This contains a selection of
commonly used code words, and is displayed when Intelligent Texts is selected on the
Modify Text form. The intelligent text can be selected and copied into the Modify Text form
using the Insert and Append buttons. The Insert button takes into account the current
position in the text pane when inserting the text.
To enter Modify mode, the button is clicked on the Drawing Display Window toolbar.
DRAFT will exit from Modify mode when:
• Modify Mode button is clicked again,
• a new Sheet or Library is loaded,
• the design, model, picture or annotation are updated
While the user is in Modify mode, the View can still be controlled by zooming and panning,
as normal.
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Labelling
The arrangement of the hotspots becomes apparent when the label is moved from its initial
position. The following illustration shows the label moved upwards and to the right:
The position of the label can be moved by left-clicking and dragging its outline.
By left-clicking and dragging a hotspot, the angle of the label or the geometry of the leader
line can be modified.
• If the Esc key is pressed while the item is selected, no changes to the item will be
made.
• When the pointer is moved away from a modifiable item and the left-hand mouse
button is clicked, the changes will be saved, and the display shows the new
arrangement.
• Whether or not the changes are saved, DRAFT will still be in Modify mode and the user
can continue to pick other items for modification.
7.2.3 Positioning
Once an item or hotspot has been selected in Modify mode, the Modify Mode shortcut menu
can be displayed by clicking the right-hand mouse button.
Options on this menu, apart from the default 2D Cursor hit option, allow the user to choose
a position for a leader line hotspot with relation to an existing line, or lines, of the displayed
engineering drawing.
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Labelling
The 2D cursor hit option, causes the item or hotspot, when selected, to be moved to, and
follow, the position of the mouse pointer position. When the mouse button is released, the
hotspot remains at the latest position.
When an option is selected that specifies the position related to a line of the engineering
drawing, as the hotspot is dragged over a line or lines that can satisfy the option, the line(s)
will be highlighted. The hotspot snaps to the appropriate position and will remain there when
the mouse button is released. For example, if the Centre Point of option is selected the
hotspot will snap to the centre of any arc or circle it moves over.
If no position has been found that satisfies the selected menu option, when the mouse
button is released, the item will be dropped at the pointer position.
Menu options that are not applicable to the current element are greyed out.
The menu options applicable to leader lines and their methods of use are shown in the
table.
2D cursor hit Drag hotspot to the required position. This is the default, which is
reset each time a new element is picked.
End Point of Drag the hotspot over a line or arc, which will be highlighted when
recognised
Mid Point of Drag the hotspot over a line, which will be highlighted when
recognised.
Centre Point of Drag the hotspot over a circle or arc, which will be highlighted
when recognised.
Intersect at Drag the hotspot over two lines that actually intersect. The items
will be highlighted in turn.
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Labelling
Intersect between Drag the hotspot over two lines whose extensions intersect. The
items will be highlighted in turn.
Nearest to Drag the hotspot over any DESIGN or DRAFT item. The point will
snap to the nearest point on the item.
The 2D positioning menu is automatically reset to 2D cursor hit when an element is first
picked.
The Model Editor icon is clicked on the Drawing Display Window toolbar and the
required label is selected.
The label outline is dragged away from the equipment using the Model Editor.
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Labelling
The Bend point at the mid point of the leader line in now visible, as are the hotspots, which
consist of:
• The Rotation handle
• The Attachment point
• The Connection point.
The bend point is picked and dragged to put a bend in the leader line. A second bend point
will be created. This point can be moved as well, if required.
Note: If the user wants to re-select the label, then the label itself must be picked.
The attachment points and the connection point can be moved to create gaps and offsets. A
dashed line will then appear between the arrow hotspot and the default position of the point.
As an example, the illustration shows the connection hotspot dragged down and to the right.
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Labelling
When the leader line and label are positioned as required, the arrangement is saved by
clicking on the background away from the label and leader line. The label and leader line are
then shown in the pre-selected colour.
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Labelling
2D cursor hit The cursor position. This is the default, which is reset each time a new
element is picked. If the Snap to Grid option is on, positions will be
snapped to the grid, not to the 2D position setting.
Intersect at Move the hotspot over two items which actually intersect. The items will
be highlighted in turn.
Intersect Move the hotspot over two items whose extensions intersect. The items
between will be highlighted in turn
Nearest to Move the hotspot over any DESIGN or DRAFT item. The point will snap
to the nearest point on the item
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Labelling
The form will be greyed out if the Current Element is not on an element type that allows
gaps to be created (SLAB, GLAB, DPOI, DPPT and DPBA). The button allows the user
to navigate by picking a label to create and delete gaps on, and is never greyed out, except
when the graphics are in pick mode.
The form is tracking and so will grey out and grey in when the user navigates around the
drawing and database. It contains the following tool buttons:
Button Function
Creates a single gap on the current label. Click on the leader line of the label
where the gap is to be created.
Creates a number of gaps on the current label using the same method as
above. Press the Cancel button on the qualifier form when finished. Note that
no more than 10 gaps per label are allowed.
Creates a gap of varying gap distance. The first click defines the start point of
the gap and the second click defines the end point. A ghost line circle is
displayed between the first and second pick as feedback (in the feedback
colour) so that the user can see how big the gap will be after the second click.
Creates many of the previous 2 point gaps as required. No more than 10 gaps
on one label can be created.
Deletes many gaps on the current label; this is similar to the previous method.
Deletes all gaps on the current label. Note the user will not be asked if they
are to be deleted.
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Labelling
Note: Changing the style and colour only affects the current Label. If the attributes are to be
changed for any new Labels that have been created, the Layer attributes will need to
be changed. A new label will then have to be created to see the effect.
The label is clicked on to make it the Current Element and then Modify > Label > Definition
is selected from the main menu. The Labels form is displayed.
Leader Line is selected from the Attributes drop-down list. The Label Leader Attributes
form is displayed.
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Labelling
This form allows the user to change the standard settings of line colour and style.
Colour Select a colour from the drop-down list or use the Pick facility to
select a Colour from the View.
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Drawing Production User Guide
Labelling
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Drawing Production User Guide
Dimensioning
8 Dimensioning
The types of dimensions are Linear (LDIM), Angular (ADIM), Radial (RDIM) and Pitch Circle
Diameter (PDIM). Their appearances are shown in the following illustration.
Dimension Example
Linear
Angular
Radial
Pitched
Circle
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Drawing Production User Guide
Dimensioning
A Dimensions form is accessed by selecting Create > Dimension > Dimension Toolbar
from the main menu. The form contains illustrations of various types and styles of
dimension. Clicking on the required style of a linear or angular dimension leads to the
Linear/Angular Dimensions form.
Illustrations of linear dimensions also appear on the Linear Dimensions toolbar. The
toolbar method of selecting a dimension style is more convenient than the use of the Create
Linear Dimension and Create Angular Dimensions forms. Refer to Creating Linear
Dimensions and Angular Dimensions.
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Dimensioning
Dimensioning elements are created under Layers owned by Views, as shown in the
diagram. Different types of dimension are created at different layers. All these elements will
be created automatically as a View is dimensioned.
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Dimensioning
Note: The values shown in the dimension text are taken directly from the 3D Design model.
If the points associated with the dimension points are moved in DESIGN, the
dimension can be updated automatically by selecting Graphics > Update >
Annotation.
A Linear Dimension between the nozzles along the centre of an equipment can be created
by selecting the appropriate Dimensions layer in the Draft Explorer and selecting Create >
Dimension > Dimension Linear from the main menu. The Create Linear Dimension form
is then displayed.
This form allows the user to apply settings for the Dimension and Projection Lines.
View Shows the name of the selected view.
Direction Shows the direction of the selected view.
Type Select from the drop-down list of options: Chain (chained),
Tail (parallel) or Truncate (truncated parallel).
Dimension Line
Direction Select line direction from drop-down list of options.
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Dimensioning
Note: All dimensions in DRAFT are defined with respect to 3D World directions.
Once the Create Linear Dimension form has been populated, clicking OK displays the
Linear/Angular Dimensions form.
This form is used to create the points that define the Dimensions and form the link with the
3D Model element.
The list on the left of the form sets how Dimension Points are created. Item is selected in the
list. This will create the dimension point at the origin (P0) of the design primitive.
Create Creates a point. The default is that this button must be used for
each point.
Allows several points of the same type to be created one after the
other. Selecting the symbol ticks the adjacent checkbox.
Delete Allows a Dimension Point to be deleted.
Re-Attach Allows a label to be re-attached.
Gaps Displays the Gap Manager form.
Ppoint Enter a P-point.
Auto-show Linear Select to automatically show linear dimensions.
Dimensions
Note: The symbol must be off if Dimension Points are to be created in different
ways, or if the 3D Pos, Cursor or Matchline positioning options are to be used.
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Dimensioning
By clicking on Create, the nozzles can be picked in sequence in either the 2D View or in the
3D View. The name of the item, P-point or P-line under the cursor will be highlighted in a tool
tip as the cursor moves around, and pressing the button will select it.
Pressing Esc finishes the process and the distances between the nozzles are then
dimensioned as shown in the illustration.
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Dimensioning
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Drawing Production User Guide
Dimensioning
This form allows the user to apply settings for the Dimension and Projection Lines.
View Shows the name of the selected view
Type Select from the options in the Type drop-down list. The adjacent
drop-down list allows clockwise and anticlockwise options for the
direction in which the items are picked in sequence.
Dimension Line
Terminators Default set. Select from drop-down list to enter a different
terminator.
First Terminator Default set. Select from drop-down list to enter a first terminator.
Projection Line
Text Select from a drop-down list of options
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Dimensioning
The dimension will have its origin that is the point from which the angular dimension
directions will radiate, at the origin of the element picked.
Once the Create Angular Dimension form has been populated, clicking OK displays the
Linear/Angular Dimensions form. This is the same form as displayed for Linear
Dimensions, and it is used in the same way. Refer to Creating Linear Dimensions.
With the symbol switched on, and the Create button clicked, the user will be
prompted to pick the items to be dimensioned. The nozzles are picked in the order either
clockwise or anticlockwise, set in the Create Angular Dimension form.
Clicking on the background or pressing the Esc key will show the dimensions in the 2D
View.
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Dimensioning
To increase the offset of the dimension click on the Drawing Display Window toolbar to
enter Modify Mode.
The dimension line is selected and dragged away from the origin of the projection lines, until
the required position is reached. Then clicking on the background or pressing Esc, shows
the modified dimension in the 2D View.
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Drawing Production User Guide
Dimensioning
When the required radius style is selected, the user is prompted to pick the item to
dimension. On picking the item, the radial dimension will be shown in the 2D View.
The Radial Dimensions form is then displayed which allows the user to modify radial
dimensions.
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Dimensioning
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Drawing Production User Guide
Automatic Drawing Production
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Drawing Production User Guide
Automatic Drawing Production
Selecting Create > General ADP > Drawing from the main menu displays the Create
DRWG form.
Note: The Drawing will be created under the current Registry, assuming that the Current
Element is a Registry or lower.
If the user is at a higher level, and more than one Registry is available, the user will
be prompted to move to the Registry required, by selecting it in the Draft Explorer.
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Automatic Drawing Production
Clicking OK on the Create DRWG form, displays the Modify General ADP Drawing form.
This form allows the user to enter a title and date for the drawing, and provides access to
creating an ADP sheet.
Once the fields on the Modify General ADP Drawings form have been populated, and the
Apply and Create ADP Sheet buttons have been clicked, the Create SHEE form is
displayed.
Clicking OK on the Create SHEE form shows the Backing Sheet in the Drawing display
Window and displays the Modify General ADP Sheet form.
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Automatic Drawing Production
This form allows the user to modify the ADP Sheet and provides access to creating the ADP
View.
Keyplan Select a keyplan from the drop-down list. This will define the
limits of the drawing.
Area Select from the drop-down list of options. The list becomes
available once a keyplan has been selected.
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Automatic Drawing Production
The Keyplan button on the Modify General ADP Sheet form can be used to zoom
into the keyplan area.
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Automatic Drawing Production
Clicking the Frame button on the Modify General ADP Sheet form, returns the View
to full frame.
With all the fields set on the Modify General ADP Sheet form, clicking the Create ADP
View button, displays the Create VIEW form.
The Function of the View is set in the form so that a View will be created which references
a corresponding file.
Clicking OK on the Create View form, displays the Modify General ADP View form.
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Automatic Drawing Production
This form allows the user to define the Drawing View based on general settings and limits
imposed either by the drawlist or keyplan.
General Settings
Drawlist Select how the Drawlist is to be defined from the drop-down list of
options. For example selecting the ‘Volume Defined’ option allows
the drawing to be defined by the values in the direction boxes at the
bottom of the form.
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Automatic Drawing Production
Direction Select a direction for the frame position from the drop-down list.
Cursor Allows the frame position to the be picked in the View with the
cursor.
Limits
From Drawlist Allows the limits of the drawing to be defined according to the
Drawlist Setting.
From Keyplan Allows the limits of the drawing to be defined according to the
selected keyplan.
From Enter the required values in the From direction boxes, if required.
Nearest Selects automatically the scale which show the complete drawing
in the View.
Once the Modify General ADP View form has been populated with the required settings,
clicking Apply accepts the settings and displays the Drawing View with the specified
elements included.
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Automatic Drawing Production
Selecting the Update button on the Modify General ADP View form displays the View
Update form.
This form allows the user to specify which elements in the View will be updated.
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Automatic Drawing Production
Log File
File Name Enter the file name or select the Browse button to open a
browser.
Create Batch Macro Creates a batch macro for the Drawing View.
After selecting the Update options of the View Update form and clicking the Update Now
button, messages will appear in the Status Bar giving information about the creation
process, which can take a few minutes. On completion of the creation process, the Drawing
View will be displayed.
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Drawing Production User Guide
2D Drafting
10 2D Drafting
DRAFT’s 2D Drafting facility is used for adding manually-drafted graphic and text details to
drawings that have been generated by DRAFT from the DESIGN database. The facility is
not intended to be a used as a drafting package.
This section is an introduction to 2D Drafting in DRAFT.
There are three sets of menu options specific to 2D Drafting:
Note: Whenever a VIEW is created, a number of Layers are automatically created, one of
which will be reserved for Notes. Additional Layers can also be created if required by
selecting Create > Layer from the main menu.
The following diagram shows the 2D Drafting part of the DRAFT hierarchy. It shows the
related elements and at what level in the hierarchy they may be created. All of these
elements, with the exception of extra Layers, can be created as extra 2D elements are
added to the Sheet or View.
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2D Drafting
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2D Drafting
The form has four tabs: Lines, Shapes, Symbols and Text.
Holding down the left-hand mouse button over an icon reveals a display of alternative icons.
Moving to the required icon and then releasing the mouse button selects the icon.
For all primitives except Symbols (the icon), the Point Construction Option Form
displays. The prompt text included in this form tells the user what to do next. The text will
vary according to the type of primitive being created, as shown in these examples.
The default Option is 2D Cursor hit. This enables the selected primitive to be positioned
free-hand picking the point(s) requested, in the appropriate position(s) on the drawing.
If the primitive is a graphic, it is drawn as the points are selected. Depending on the type of
graphic, it may be necessary to click on Cancel on the Point Construction Option Form
when the final point has been selected, in order to complete the graphic.
If the primitive is Text, only one point is selected and the Modify Text form is then displayed.
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2D Drafting
This form allows the user to enter the required text and select its format.
Char Space Enter a value for the character spacing of the text.
Line Space Enter a value for the line spacing of the text.
Angle Enter a value to set the angle at which the text will be shown on the
drawing. The default is set at 90°.
To carry out this editing, the Model Editor icon on the Drawing Display Window toolbar is
clicked to enter Modify mode.
The general action is to select the primitive and then select and drag one of the hotspots
until the required result is achieved. Then click on the background.
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2D Drafting
Arcs
• A hotspot at the centre of the arc, to allow the whole arc to be moved.
• A hotspot at each end of the arc, to allow the corresponding end of the arc to be
repositioned. The repositioning will be such that the bulge factor remains the same.
• A hotspot mid way round the arc. This may be moved anywhere, and the bulge factor
will adjust appropriately.
• A dotted line cross and four hotspots round the centre. The arc can be made to rotate
about its centre by rotating any of these hotspots.
Circles
• A hotspot at the centre of the circle to allow the whole circle to be repositioned.
• A hotspot on the circumference, which will allow the radius of the arc to increase or
decrease as it is moved, while the centre remains fixed.
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2D Drafting
Diamonds
• A hotspot in the centre of the diamond to allow the whole diamond to be moved.
• A hotspot at each end of the axes. These hotspots can be moved along their axis, and
the axis will alter length as it moves.
• A dotted line cross and four hotspots round the centre. The diamond can be made to
rotate about its centre by rotating any of these hotspots.
Ellipses
• A hotspot at the centre of the ellipse to allow the whole ellipse to be moved, with its
major axis parallel to its original position.
• A hotspot at one end of the major axis. This hotspot can be moved along the major
axis. The length of the major axis changes as the hotspot moves.
• A hotspot at one end of the minor axis. This will be constrained to move only
perpendicular to the major axis, and can be used to increase the length of the minor
axis.
• A dotted line cross and four hotspots round the centre. The ellipse can be made to
rotate about its centre by rotating any of these hotspots.
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2D Drafting
Hexagons
• A hotspot in the centre of the hexagon to allow the whole hexagon to be moved.
• A hotspot at each corner. These enable the hexagon to be resized.
• A dotted line cross and four hotspots round the centre - the hexagon can be made to
rotate about its centre by rotating any of these hotspots.
Lines
• A hotspot in the middle of the line to allow moving of the whole line parallel to its
original position.
• A hotspot at each end to allow the associated end of the line to be moved. This may
involve rotation or lengthening of the line. The other end of the line remains fixed.
• A hotspot in the centre of the rectangle to allow the whole rectangle to be moved
parallel to its original position.
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2D Drafting
• A hotspot in the centre of each of the edges. These will enable the rectangle to be
stretched in that direction. The opposite edge will remain fixed, and the opposite sides
remain parallel.
• A hotspot on each corner. This will enable the rectangle to be enlarged in such a way
that the opposite corner remains fixed, and the opposite sides remain parallel to each
other.
• A dotted line cross and four hotspots round the centre - the rectangle can be made to
rotate about its centre by rotating any of these hotspots.
Symbols
Text
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2D Drafting
• A box round the text. Picking and dragging this box causes the text to move.
• A dotted line circle and four hotspots round the centre. The text can be made to rotate
about its centre by rotating any of these hotspots.
Triangles
• A hotspot in the centre of the triangle to allow the whole triangle to be moved parallel to
its original position.
• A hotspot at two of the edges of the triangle. Moving either of these enables the triangle
to be resized while the other hotspot remains fixed. (Note that the triangle remains
equilateral.)
• A dotted line cross and three hotspots round the centre. The triangle can be made to
rotate about its centre by rotating this hotspot.
Views
• If view frames are not visible, the user can select the View Frames on/off option on the
right-click popup menu from the main display.
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2D Drafting
• Hotspots on view frames cannot be snapped to construction points, but they can be
snapped to the grid.
Outlines
Outlines are created by the following icons on the Draw form:
Polyarcs
• A hotspot at each end of the arc or line. Moving either of these will move the endpoint
of that arc or line (in the same way as for arcs or lines above), and will also move the
endpoint of the next arc or line connected to that same endpoint.
• A hotspot at the mid point of the arc/line. Moving this will change the bulge factor of the
arc/line and could thus change a line into an arc.
• If the user clicks on a hotspot, it becomes ‘selected’ and changes colour to be white.
The user can then select from the pop-up menu either:
Insert After: The user then picks a new position on the screen, and a new
straight-line span is created from the end of the currently selected
span, and connected to the following one.
Splines
• A hotspot at each vertex. Moving any of these will cause the curve to be recalculated
dynamically.
• If the user clicks on a hotspot, it becomes ‘selected’ and changes colour to be white.
The user can then select from the pop-up menu either:
Delete point: The point is deleted, and the curve recalculated without it. The first
point on the outline cannot be deleted.
Insert After: The user then picks a new position on the screen, and a new
curve is calculated which includes this point positioned after the
selected hotspot.
A new point cannot be placed before the first one.
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Drawing Production User Guide
Section Planes
11 Section Planes
From the 3D View the user can create, manipulate and manage Section Planes. Section
Planes are shown on the 2D view at the same time as the 3D view. The button allows
the user to access planes functionality.
Show Section Planes Activates Section Planes and displays the Section
Planes form.
New Section Plane Creates a new Section Plane in the 3D View. This is
effectively a stepped plane with just two points defined.
Indicate Section Plane Indicates which side of the plane is being clipped.
Clipping
Add to Clipping List Adds the currently selected element to the clipping list.
Remove from Clipping Removes the currently selected element from the clipping
List list.
Show Clipping List Shows the clipping list for the Section Planes. Each
section plane can have a selective clipping list. The
contents of each list can be displayed in a selected
colour.
Section Planes Shows the name of the View and the identity and
properties of each plane.
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Section Planes
To amend a Section Plane’s details, highlight the plane and select the required option from
the right-clicked shortcut menu:
Redefine Points Allows the user to redefine the points to make a stepped plane
using the pointer in the 3D View.
Delete Deletes the selected plane. The user is asked if the VSEC
referencing the section plane is also to be deleted. If yes, the user
is then asked to confirm the deletion of the section plane. Note that
the user may not wish to delete the plane if it is a library plane
referenced by a number of VSECs.
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Section Planes
Colour Selects the colour displayed for the selected plane from the
associated menu.
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Section Planes
With the manipulation handles selected, a right-click shortcut menu can also be used to
orient the plane:
Orient to Point Allows the plane to be orientated to a selected point on the view.
Align with direction Aligns the selected plane with a selected direction.
Rotate Handle Provides the above options for the selected rotation handle.
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Section Planes
By selecting Insert Step After, a new step can be created after the selected step and then
positioned as required.
This process can be repeated until the plane has the required number of steps. If necessary,
a step can be removed by selecting the Delete option from the right-click shortcut menu.
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Section Planes
The clipping list is displayed by clicking on the Show Clipping List icon on the Section
Planes form. Then by selecting Highlight Clipping List from the right-click shortcut menu,
the user is able to highlight clipped items in the list.
Selecting Flip from the right-click shortcut menu, changes the side of the plane to be
clipped.
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Additional Facilities
12 Additional Facilities
Whilst not part of DRAFT’s core functions, there are other general facilities available to
increase productivity whilst using DRAFT.
This form allows the user to define menus to execute DRAFT command syntax or to
display a DRAFT form.
Currently Defined Shows what has been currently defined for the menu.
Remove Removes the menu definition from the Currently Defined box.
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Additional Facilities
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Additional Facilities
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Additional Facilities
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DRAFT Database
A DRAFT Database
WORLD
REPO DRWG
OLINES HPATTE
TEXT LIBY
(see overleaf)
SHEE REVI
TEXT
(see overleaf)
LAYE RRUL HRUL VSEC
(see overleaf)
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DRAFT Database
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Index
2D Drafting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:1
2D Positioning Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:6
F
2D Primitives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:3 Font Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:6
Modifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:4
3D View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:1
L
A Label
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:3
ADP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9:1 Gaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:11
Angular Dimensions Leader Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:12
Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:8 Modifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:7
Modifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:10 Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:1
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1 Limits-defined View
Automatic Drawing Production Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:9
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9:1 Linear Dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:3
Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9:1 Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:4
Deleting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:7
C Modifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:7
R
Radial Dimensions
Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:10
Modifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:11
S
Section Planes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:1
Clipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:6
Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:2
Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:4
Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:3
Sheet
Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:5, 5:9
Startup Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:2
T
Toolbars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:3
U
User Utilities
Creating Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12:1
User-define View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:1
V
View
Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:9
Modifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:1
Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:1
VNOT (View Note) element . . . . . . . . . 10:1