Dr.

Mikó Balázs
miko.balazs@bgk.bmf.hu Content
BAGIM1ENNB

Identification of injection location
Design and manufacturing of

Cold sprue
plastic injection mould

Runner system

Type of gates
08 – Runner system
Hot drop

Hot runner

1 2

Aim of injection system Type of injection system

Drive the melted
Parts
Cold injection system

plastic to the  Sprue
Hot injection system (heated)
cavities  Runners

Combinated system
 Gate

3 4

Identify the gate location Computer aided analysis

Best gate location

Equal filling up of the cavities

Minimal welding line

Minimal distance

Parting line geometry

Esthetic viewpoint

5 6

1
Fill time Injection pressure

7 8

Melt front temperature Quality prediction

9 10

Welding line Air bubble / trap

11 12

2
Sprue bushing Sprue bushing

R 0 / 15,5 / 40

0,5°/ 1°

R0,5 / R2

13 14

Role of radii Catalogue components

With radius 0 / 15.5 / 40

Angle 0.5°/ 1°
Diameter d2

  
Rs > Rm 15 16

Size of the sprue diameter Runner system

2624
2460
Short length
2296
0,9 mm
2132
Balancing
1 in3 = 16,4 cm3

1968
1804
1640

Optimal cross section
1476
1312 0,7 mm
Simple manufacturing
1148
984
820
656
492 0,55 mm
328
164
0 0,4 mm

17 18

3
Balancing Natural balancing

Aim: same fill up time

Naturally balancing: equal

runner length

Artificial balancing: adjust
runner cross section

19 20

Artificial balancing Combined balancing

A
A/2 * 2/3 A/2

A/2 * 2/3 * 1/2

21 22

Runner cross section Cold slug well

Collect the not too good quality material of the melt front.

23 24

4
Runner diameter Runner size

25 26

Runner diameter Runner diameter

82 82 12 mm
12 mm

65,6 65,6 11 mm

11 mm

49,2 49,2 10 mm
10 mm

32,8 32,8 8 mm
cm3/s

cm3/s

8 mm
6 mm

16,4 6 mm
16,4
4,5 mm 4,5 mm

3 mm 3 mm
0 0
0 76,2 152,4 228,6 304,8 0 76,2 152,4 228,6 304,8

27 28

Maximum runner length Gate type

Sprue gate

Edge gate / Side gate / Fan gate

Pin gate / Drop gate

Tab gate

Diafragm gate

Internal ring gate

External ring gate

Flash gate / Film gate

Submarine gate / Tunel gate

Curved tunel gate / Banana gate
29 30

5
Sprue gate Edge gate / Side gate / Fan gate

31 32

Edge gate / Side gate Examples

33 34

Pin gate / Drop gate Pin gate / Drop gate

35 36

6
Tab gate Diaphragm gate

37 38

Internal ring gate External ring gate

39 40

Flash gate / Film gate Submarine gate / Tunnel gate

Flow length (mm)

Thickness of the gate

41 42

7
Submarine gate / Tunnel gate Submarine gate / Tunnel gate

43 44

Submarine gate / Tunnel gate Insert for family mould

45 46

Curved tunnel gate / Banana gate Curved tunnel gate / Banana gate

47 48

8
Hot runner system System elements
Temperature
control

Less material cost (no waste) Manifold Electric
connector
system

Shorter cycle time

More expensive mould

 Nozzle min. 650 €
 Manifold min. 1200 €

Hot drop

49 50

Parts of manifold Nozzle types

Open gate
General
Simple

Valve gate
Special
Complex
The order of opening is programmable
Pneumatic of electro magnetic actuator
51 52
Typical use: long parts

System elements Type of gates

Material

Weight

Cycle time

ASK HELP
FROM THE
DISTRIBUTOR!
53 54

9
Combined single nozzle system New trends

More waste

Cheaper mould

Typical use: Deep cavity and high A plate

Adjustable manifold Complete injection size

with valve gate as catalogue part
55 56

10