31. What region of the Earth takes up the greatest volume?

A the crust
B the outer core
C the inner core
D the mantle

32. Which of the following terms describes the mechanical behavior of a part of the Earth?
A the continental crust
B the oceanic crust
C the lithosphere
D the mantle

33. The continental crust consists mainly of _________.

A granitic rocks
B basaltic rocks
C ultramafic rocks
D gabbroic rocks

34.The oceanic crust consists mainly of _________.

A granitic rocks
B basaltic rocks
C ultramafic rocks
D gabbroic rocks

35. The mantle consists mainly of _________.

A granitic rocks
B basaltic rocks
C ultramafic rocks
D gabbroic rocks

36. The boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle was first discovered by __________.
A analyzing seismic waves
B deep continental drilling
C detailed geologic mapping
D paleomagnetic studies
37.
How fast do P-waves travel through granite?
A 4 kilometers per second
B 6 kilometers per second
C 8 kilometers per second
D 10 kilometers per second

38. Which of the following statements is false?

A the crust-mantle boundary is called the Mohorovicic discontinuity
B the oceanic crust consists of basalt and gabbro
C the crust is less dense than the mantle
D P-waves travel faster in the crust than in the mantle
39.
An ophiolite may not include a piece of____________.
A continental crust
B oceanic crust
C upper mantle
D the Moho
40. Which of the following regions consists primarily of olivine and pyroxene?
A continental crust
B oceanic crust
C upper mantle
D the core
41.
Which of the following statements is false?
A the asthenosphere lies beneath the lithosphere
B the asthenosphere is stronger than the lithosphere
C the asthenosphere rises close to the surface beneath mid-ocean ridges
D the asthenosphere is partially molten
42.
The lithosphere is approximately _________ kilometers thick
A 25
B 100
C 250
D 2900

43. Which of the following statements is true

A the lithosphere contains the crust
B the crust contains the lithosphere
C the lithosphere and crust are different terms for the same part of the Earth
D the lithosphere and crust are totally separate parts of the Earth

44. The sharp increase in velocity of S-waves at 400 and 670 kilometers depth in the mantle are probably caused by
___________.
A changes to more compact mineral structures
B changes in the composition of the mantle
C changes in the temperature of the mantle
D changes in the pressure of the mantle
45.
What element makes up most of the Earth's core?
A silicon
B oxygen
C iron
D nickel

46. The boundary between the inner core and the outer core lies at a depth of ______ kilometers
A 700
B 2900
C 5100
D 6400

47. How thick a continental root would be produced by a 3 kilometer thick continental ice sheet?
A about 1 kilometers
B about 2 kilometers
C about 10 kilometers
D about 30 kilometer

48.Which of the following statements best describes the nature of the core-mantle boundary?
A the core-mantle boundary is smooth
B the core-mantle boundary is rough with a topography of about 5 kilometers
C the core-mantle boundary is rough with a topography of about 100 kilometers
D the core-mantle boundary is rough with a topography of about 400 kilometer
49. Which of the following statements regarding the inner core is true?
A P waves do not travel through the inner core
B Primary S waves (those generated at the focus of an event) travel through the inner core
C P waves travel through the inner core at a higher velocity than S waves travel through the inner core
D the inner core is thought to be a liquid