MATH – MODULE 2

1. Cathetus A leg of a right triangle (a side adjacent the right angle) is also known as____.

2. Sylvester-Gallai It states that it is not possible to arrange a finite number of points so that a line through every two of
Theorem them passes through a third unless they are all on a single line.

An optical illusion produced by a black and white rectangular tessellation when the tiles are shifted in
3. Café Wall
a zigzag pattern.

4. Steiner Set Three sets of three lines such that each line is incident with two from both other sets.

5. Tetrastigm A tem for a set of four lines, no three of which are collinear.
6. Saint Anthony’s Cross A “T” shaped cross. It is also called a “tau” cross.

7. Cevian A _____ is a line segment which joins the vertex of a triangle with a point on the opposite side.
A triangle for which the largest inscribed square can be inscribed in three different ways. The ratio of
8. Calabi’s Triangle
the sides to that of the base is equal to 1.55138..

9. Feuerback Triangle It is a triangle formed by the three points of tangency of the nine-point circle with the excircles.
It is a triangle whose polygon vertices are the feet of the perpendiculars from point “P” to the side
10. Pedal Triangle
lines.

11. Tucker Hexagon A closed, self-intersecting concyclic hexagon constructed along the sides of a triangle.
12. Perfect Square A square which can be dissected into a number of smaller squares with no two equal is call______.
13. Medial Triangle The triangle formed by joining the midpoints of the sides of a triangle.

14. Polyplet A polymino-like object made by attaching squares joined either at sides or corners.
15. Net / Cone Net The mapping of a grid of regularly rules squares onto a cone with no overlap or misalignment

16. Harshad Number A positive integer that is divisible by the sum of its digits

17. Smith Number A composite number the sum of whose digits is the sum of the digits of its prime factors.

18. John Wallis The infinity symbol was introduced by _______ in 1655
19. Cousin Primes Pairs of primes of the form (p, p+4); Example: (3, 7)
20. Stochastic The word is of Greek origin and means “pertaining to chance”. This is synonymous with random.

21. Weird Number A number which is abundant without being semiperfect.

22. Kurtosis The degree of peakedness of a distribution

A number is called a/an _______ if the number of digits in the prime factorization of the number uses
23. Wasteful Number
more digits than the number of digits of the number

The _________ is a method of solving a tridiagonal matrix equation with largest absolute values in
24. Jacobi Method
each row and column dominated by the diagonal element.
If the total group of the canonical series is divided into two parts, the difference between the number
25. Brill-Noether
of points in each part and the double of the dimension of the complete series to which it belongs is
Theorem
the same.

26. Periapsis The smallest radial distance of an ellipse as measured from a focus.
27. Spinode It is also called a horizontal cusp.
28. Sexy Prime Pairs of primes of the form (p, p+6); Example: (5, 11)
The general curve of a system which is linearly independent on a certain number of give irreducible
29. Bertini’s Theorem
curves will not have a singular point which is not fixed for all the curves of the system.
30. Demlo Numbers 1, 121, 12321, 1234321, 123454321… are called ______.
31. Prostaphaeresis
Trigonometry formulas that convert a product of functions into a sum or difference.
Formulas

The _____ are spherical triangles that by repeated reflection in their indices, lead to a set of
32. Schwarz Triangles
congruent spherical triangles covering the sphere a finite number of times.

33. Petrie polygon A skew polygon such that every two consecutive sides belong to a face of a regular polyhedron.
The solid common to two or three right circular cylinders of equal radii intersecting at right angles is
34. Steinmetz solid
called the________.
A closed embedded smooth plane curve has at least four vertices, where a vertex is defined as an
35. Four-vertex theorem
extremum of curvature
36. Blacmange Function A pathological continuous function that is nowhere differentiable.

37. Existence Theorem A theorem stating the existence of an object, such as the solution to a problem or equation.

38. Fubini Theorem A theorem that establishes a connection between a multiple integral and a repeated one.
39. Apoapsis The greatest radial distance of an ellipse as measured from a focus.

40. Tetradic Number Number that remains unchanged when flipped back to front, mirrored up-down or flipped up-down.
41. Isobaric Polynomial Polynomial in which the sum of subscripts is the same in each term

42. Disphenoid A tetrahedron with identical isosceles or scalene faces

43. Elevatum A positive-height (outward pointing) pyramid used in cumulation

44. Invaginatum A negative-height (inward pointing) pyramid used in cumulation

45. Canonical brick A 1 x 2 x 4 cuboid

A closed box composed of three pairs of rectangular faces placed opposite each other and joined at
46. Cuboid
right angles to each other.

47. Harmonic brick A right-angled parallelepiped with dimensions a x ab x abc, where a, b and c are integers

48. Double Torus A sphere with two handles and two holes
49. Horn Cyclide Inversion of horn torus

50. Ring Cyclide Inversion of ring torus

51. Solitary Number A number that does not have any friends like primes
The exploration of three-dimensional space from two-dimensional sections of projections of solid
52. Stereology
bodies

53. Euler Brick A cuboid that possesses integer edges a > b > c where a, b and c are edges of parallelepiped

A three-dimensional solid that is shaped in such a way that its projections along three mutually
54. Trip – Let
perpendicular axes are three different letters of the alphabet.
55. Apeirogon * Polygon with infinite sides.
56. Majorant* A function used to study ordinary differential equation

57. Muhammad’s Sign* Two mirror-inverse crescents intersecting crescents

58. Lamina* A two-dimensional planar closed surface which has a mass
59. Fourier Series* an expansion of a periodic function in terms of an infinite sum of sines and cosines

60. Cusp* a point at which two branches of a curve meet such that the tangents of each branch are equal
61. Orthodrome* The shortest path between two points on a sphere
62. Bernoulli’s equation* In the form dx/dy + p(x) = Q(x)yn

63. Bifoliate* X4+y4+2axy2

64. Bifolium* Foulium with X2+y2+4axy2

65. Maltese* Irregular dodecahedron cross with end points that flange out.

66. Celestial sphere* A sphere in which the earth is the center

A method of numerically integrating ordinary differential equations by using a trial step at the
67. Runge-Kutta*
midpoint of an interval to cancel out lower-order error terms

The line on which the orthocenter , triangle centroid , circumcenter , de Longchamps point , nine-
68. Euler Line*
point center , and a number of other important triangle centers lie.
69. Intangent* The triangle formed by the points of pairwise intersection of the three intangents

70. Smooth Curve* With no sharp turns (obvious na ito ung sagot)

71. Triangle theorem* Sum of angles of a triangle is two right angles

Thee is only one object fulfilling given properties, or that all objects of a given class are equivalent
72. Uniqueness theorem*
(clue word is unique )
73. Octahedral* A figurate number which is the sum of two consecutive pyramidal numbers

74. Placebo effect* Knowledge that one is being treated can have effect on results of treatment

75. Antoine Huilier* Introduced symbol “lim” for limit

76. Orthic* The triangle whose vertices are endpoints of the altitudes from each of the vertices

77. Index number* A statistic which assigns a single number to several individual statistics in order to quantify trends.

78. Tangential* Quadrilateral with an incircle

79. Malliavin* Stochastic calculus of variations

80. Clifford’s Curve

The dimension of a special series can never exceed half its order.
Theorem*
81. Saddle point* A point of a function or surface which is a stationary point but not an extremum
82. Salient point* A point at which two noncrossing branches of a curve meet with different tangents.

Tomography is the study of the reconstruction of two- and three-dimensional objects from one-
83. Tomography *
dimensional slices.
84. Sphenic * a positive integer which is the product of three distinct prime numbers

Differential equation which contains derivative of the function and the derivative of the derivative of
85. Second order *
the function
The spherical curve taken by a ship which travels from the south pole to the north pole of a sphere
86. Spiral *
while keeping a fixed (but not right) angle with respect to the meridians
87. Polygamma* Clue symbols are (n+1)

88. Polycuboid* Three-dimensional generalization of the polyominoes to n dimensions

89. Hilbert’s theorem* Every modular system has a modular system basis consisting of a finite number of polynomials
90. Homeoid * A shell bounded by two similar ellipsoids having a constant ratio of axes

A hypotrochoid is a roulette traced by a point P attached to a circle of radius b rolling around the
91. Hyptrochoid *
inside of a fixed circle of radius a, where P is a distance h from the center of the interior circle
92. Additive Number The portion of number theory concerned with expressing an integer as a sum of integers from some
Theory* given set

93. Angular defect* The difference between the sum of face angles at a polyhedron vertex of a polyhedron and 2π

94. Huygen* Studied involute circles

95. Gimbal* allows the rotation of an object about a single axis
96.
97.
98.

99.
100.