Smoke Flow Visualisation over a Delta wing

1. Design of experiment
1.1 Aim
To visualize leading edge vortices and their breakdown in the flow past a
delta wing using smoke and laser sheet.
1.2 Apparatus
 Wind tunnel
 Model of a Delta wing
 Smoke flow setup
 Smoke generator
 Laser-sheet setup

1.3 Introduction
Smoke flow visualization is a qualitative measurement technique used to
analyse the flow behaviour. The smoke follows the air currents, allowing
the observer to visualize the flow. A smoke generator is placed at the
intake of wind-tunnel. From this the smoke is fed to the wind-tunnel. The
smoke enters the test-section as a jet. The smoke moves with the air and
deforms, describing the flow behaviour. The ability to see flow pattern on
a model often gives insight into an observation of an aerodynamic
phenomenon.

1.4 Procedure
Write detailed procedure of the experiment.
2. Experimental results
2.1 Observations
Explain observed flow field and compare with the theoretical results.

2.3 Plots and Figures

Include figures from the experiment with proper caption and description.
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
5. References
 Fundamental of Aerodynamics - J. D. Anderson
 Vortex Dynamics of Delta Wings - Springer
6. Questions
1. Discuss different methods for flow visualisation.
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of smoke flow visualisation?
3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a Delta wing as the
lifting surface over a conventional wing?
4. What kinds of vortices were generated for the flow over delta wing?
Discuss separately.
5. What do you infer from the observation of vortices over a delta wing at
lower and higher angle of attack?
6. The pair of vortices you saw was symmetric or asymmetric? Explain
why?
7. What is vortex breakdown and why does it occur? Elaborate on the
different modes of vortex breakdown
8. Discuss about the advantages/disadvantages of double-delta, cropped
delta, ogive over a delta wing.