Homework Question 1

A Pelton wheel working under a head of 105 m and a

rate of flow of water through the jet is 500
litres/second. The mean bucket speed of the wheel is
12 m/s. Find the efficiency and the power produced
by the wheel if the jet is deflected through an angle
of 175°, draw the velocity triangles. Take Cv as 0.99.
 Homework Question 2
A Pelton turbine produces 8 MW of power under a net
head of 440 m. The turbine has two jets. The buckets
deflect the jet by an angle of 165°. If the bucket friction
coefficient is 0.85, compute the following:
• Discharge
• Diameter of each jet
• The total force exerted by the jets on the wheel in a
tangential direction
• Power produced by the runner
• Hydraulic efficiency
The overall efficiency, coefficient of velocity, speed ratio
may be assumed to be 0.85, 0.98 and 0.47, respectively.
 Homework Question 3
A Pelton wheel is considered for power generation at
a location where the available head is 450 m. It is
proposed to use a generator that runs at 600 rpm.
The power that is expected to be produced
estimated at 2 MW. Investigate whether a single jet
unit will be suitable. The overall efficiency, coefficient
of velocity and speed ratio should be no less than
0.87, 0.98 and 0.46, respectively. Estimate the
number of jets required and their diameters.
Determine the mean diameter of the runner and the
number of buckets,
 In class example 1
A Kaplan produces 60 MW, water available head of
40 m with an overall efficiency of 85%. The speed
ratio is 1.6 and flow ratio 0.5 and hub diameter is
0.35 times the tip diameter. Determine the mean
speed of turbine.
 In class example 2
A Kaplan turbine working under a head of 40 m
develops 60 MW shaft power. The outer diameter of
the runner is 4 m and hub diameter is 2 m. The guide
blade angle at the extreme edge of the runner is 20°.
The hydraulic and overall efficiencies of the turbines
are 88% and 74% respectively. If the velocity of whirl
is zero at outlet, determine :
• Runner vane angles at inlet and outlet at the
extreme edge of the runner, and
• Speed of the turbine
 In class example 3
A Kaplan turbine runner is to be designed to develop
20 MW shaft power. The net available head is 40 m.
Assume that the speed ratio is 2.09 and flow ratio is
0.5, and the overall efficiency is 78%. The diameter
of the boss is ⅓ of the diameter of the runner. Find
the diameter of the runner, its speed and its specific
speed.
 In class tutorial
A Kaplan turbine working under a head of 15 m develops 7357.5 kW shaft power.
The outer diameter of the runner is 4 m and hub diameter is 2 m. The guide blade
angle at the extreme edge of the runner is 30°. The hydraulic and overall
efficiencies of the turbine are 90% and 85% respectively. If the velocity of whirl is
zero at outlet, determine : (i) runner vane angles at inlet and outlet at the extreme
edge of the runner and (ii) speed of the turbine.
[Ans. (i) 103° 10', 26° 58.5', (ii) 58.5]
A Kaplan turbine runner is to be designed to develop 7357.5 kW S.P. The net
available head is 10 m. Assume that the speed ratio is 1.8 and flow ratio is 0.6. If
the overall efficiency is 70% and diameter of the boss is 0.4 times the diameter of
the runner, find the diameter of the runner, its speed and specific speed.
[Ans. 4.39 m, 109.63 r.p.m., 528.82]
A Kaplan turbine working under a head of 25 m develops 16000 kW shaft power.
The outer diameter of the runner is 4 m and hub diameter is 2 m . The guide blade
angle is 35°. The hydraulic and overall efficiency are 90% and 85% respectively. If
the velocity of whirl is zero at outlet, determine runner vane angles at inlet and
outlet, and speed of turbine
[Ans. 35° 27', 88° 36', 9.236]
 Turbine project
At a project site, the head available is 2 m of water at
a flow rate of 0.3 L/s. Select and design a suitable
turbine to generate 6 W of electrical power,
assuming the required coefficients with justification
and stating all the relevant parameters.
 Pump project
At a project site, it is required that water be pump up
against a head of 2 m at a flow rate of 0.3 L/s. Select
and design a suitable pump that will use 6 W of
electrical power, assuming the required coefficients
with justification and stating all the relevant
parameters, to deliver the water as specified above.