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General
Inert gas is produced by stoichiometric combustion of oil with air. The fuel oil is a
hydrocarbon, and the air is a mixture of mainly 79% of nitrogen and 21% of oxygen. The
combustion is a chemical reaction between the hydrocarbon and oxygen, giving mainly carbon
dioxide and water. Some little rest quantities of oxygen, carbon monoxide and hydrogen also
remain. The nitrogen leaves the generator unchanged. The water is drained for the main part by
condensation. Effectedbij cooling. So the inert gas produced mainly consists out of nitrogen and
carbon dioxide. The hot combustion gases are cooled, first indirectly in the combustion chamber
by a cooling water jacket. The main feature of its construction is the absence of any internal
bricklining. The advantage is that inert gas of the correct composition can be delivered within 5
minute ( no lining need to be heated up ). Main cooling occurs in the cooling / washing section of
the combustion chamber, where the inert gas is directly cooled with seawater, at the same time
the sulphur oxides are washed out. Sulpher is mostly present in the fuel and oxidized during the
combustion.
The inert gas is cooled down to a few degrees over seawater inlet temperature and saturated with
water at that temperature.
At the end of the cooling section the water drops are separated, as the gas passes through a
demister. The required final pressure of the generator is achieved by a fan installed in front of
combustion chamber and pressure control valve in the inert gas line. This causes an overpressure
inside the combustion chamber and gas cooling section. A waterseal under the cooling section
discharges the water, at the same time maintaining the required pressure and avoiding the escape
of inert gas.
Besides inert gas, the generator is also capable of producing air. The burner is not ignited then. A
selector switch is provided on the generator control panel to choose one of the following three
modes of production:
A good combustion process is the first requirement for reliable inert gas generator. The burner is
of our special design, according to the smit ultramizing® combustion sytem. In this design the
fuel oil is tomized in two steps. First the oil, supplied under pressure to the burner, is sprayed out
of a conventional nozzle. Then the oil is subjected to tangential impulse flow of combustion air,
wich, added to the mainly axially orientated impulse flow of the liquid itself, results in an
ultrafine dispersion of the burner lance.
The passage of these slots is variable ( see “capacity control” par. III. 3 )
This combustion process guarantees that there will be no soot. Soot cannot be tolerated in the
plant, neither in the ship’s cargo tanks nor piping system. To prevent it, especially on the long
run, a stable and well belanced combustion process is a must.
Capacity control
The burner lance itself can be moved forwards and backwards within the burner housing. At the
end of burner housing the atomizing ring is the fitted, through wich the combustion air is
supplied under pressure. By moving the burner gun, the passage of the slots in the atomizing ring
is changed, and thusthe quantity of combustion air is regulated. By means of mechanical linkage,
the fuel oil supply is regulated at the same time.
The fuel oil regulating valves used, have an adjustable gradient. This implies that with the help
of several adjustment screws, the right quantity of fuel oil can be supplied to the burner to match
the combustion air flow in every position of the burner lance.
The adjustment has to be carried out with the help of generator’s O 2-analyser. The capacity can
be adjusted from the cargo control room panel by means of the remote manual control, or
directly on the generator by means of handwheel.
TECHNICAL SPESIFICATION
Design basis
The layout of the installation has been calculated and based upon the following criteria:
Generator Unit
Output data
CAPACITY
Nitrogen N2 balance
FUEL OIL
N13-4645
ELECTRICITY
COOLING WATER
Consumption 8 m3 in total
INSTRUMENT AIR
Consumption for pilot burner 20 Nm3/h during 30 sec. per start only
AMBIENT AIR
MATERIALS
DATA
The deck water seal provides for an effective seal against backflow of gases to the engine room.
MATERIALS
COATING
DATA
The liquid filled pressed/vacuum breaker is incorporated in the inert gas distribution main to
prevent the tanks from being subjected to excessive pressure or excessive vacuum
MATERIALS