What is statistics?

Statistics, the science of collecting, analyzing, presenting, and interpreting data.

Governmental needs for census data as well as information about a variety of economic
activities provided much of the early impetus for the field of statistics.
Data are the facts and figures that are collected, analyzed, and summarized for
presentation and interpretation. Data may be classified as either quantitative or qualitative.
Quantitative data measure either how much or how many of something, and qualitative data
provide labels, or names, for categories of like items. For example, suppose that a particular
study is interested in characteristics such as age, gender, marital status, and annual income for
a sample of 100 individuals. Thus, the data values of 28, male, single, and $30,000 would be
recorded for a 28-year-old single male with an annual income of $30,000. With 100
individuals and 4 variables, the data set would have 400 items. In this example, age and
annual income are quantitative variables.Gender and marital status are qualitative variables.
Sample survey methods are used to collect data from observational studies, and
experimental design methods are used to collect data from experimental studies. The area of
descriptive statistics is concerned primarily with methods of presenting and interpreting data
using graphs, tables, and numerical summaries. Estimation and hypothesis testingare
procedures used to make statistical inferences. Fields such as health
care, biology, chemistry, physics, education, engineering, business, and economics make
extensive use of statistical inference
1.What is Statistics?
- Statistics, the science of collecting, analyzing, presenting, and interpreting data
2.What is the different between quantitative and and qualitative data?
- Quantitative data measure either how much or how many of something, and qualitative data
provide labels, or names, for categories of like items.
3. Give an examples of quantitative variables and qualitative variables from the reading
above
- from the reading above age and annual income are quantitative variables.
Gender and marital status are qualitative variables.
4.What are the different functions of the sample survei method and experimental design
method?
- Sample survey methods are used to collect data from observational studies, and
experimental design methods are used to collect data from experimental studies.
5.What fields make extensive use of statistical inference?
- Fields such as health care, biology, chemistry, physics, education, engineering, business,
and economics
Statistik, ilmu mengumpulkan, menganalisis, menyajikan, dan menafsirkan data.
Kebutuhan pemerintah untuk data sensus serta informasi tentang berbagai
kegiatan ekonomi memberikan banyak dorongan a wal untuk bidang statistik.
Data adalah fakta dan angka yang dikumpulkan, dianalisis, dan dirangkum untuk
presentasi dan interpretasi. Data dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai kuantitatif atau
kualitatif. Pengukuran data kuantitatif baik berapa banyak atau berapa banyak
sesuatu, dan data kualitatif memberikan label, atau nama, untuk kategori barang-
barang sejenis. Misalnya, anggap bahwa suatu penelitian tertentu tertarik pada
karakteristik seperti usia, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, dan pendapatan
tahunan untuk sampel sebanyak 100 orang. Dengan demikian, nilai-nilai data 28,
laki-laki, tunggal, dan $ 30.000 akan dicatat untuk laki-laki lajang berusia 28
tahun dengan pendapatan tahunan sebesar $ 30.000. Dengan 100 individu dan 4
variabel, kumpulan data akan memiliki 400 item. Dalam contoh ini, usia dan
pendapatan tahunan adalah variabel kuantitatif;. Jenis kelamin dan status
perkawinan adalah variabel kualitatif.
Metode survei sampel digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dari studi
observasional, dan metode desain eksperimental digunakan untuk
mengumpulkan data dari studi eksperimental. Area statistik deskriptif terutama
berkaitan dengan metode penyajian dan interpretasi data menggunakan grafik,
tabel, dan ringkasan numerik. Estimasi dan pengujian hipotesis adalah prosedur
yang digunakan untuk membuat kesimpulan statistik. Bidang-bidang seperti
perawatan kesehatan, biologi, kimia, fisika, pendidikan, teknik, bisnis, dan
ekonomi memanfaatkan ekstensif inferensi statistik