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পাপাত্মা গান্ধীর মুখ াশ


উখমাচন
একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ও দুর্ণভ দটর্র্ সংকর্র্

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i‡q‡Q| GUv ¯úó, Ôm‡Z¨Õi mv‡_ MvÜxi cixÿv-wbixÿvi GB e¨vcviwU †h ZviI A‡bK
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cixÿviZ Ae¯’vq GKvwaKevi Zvi g‡b ÔLvivc wPšÍvÕi D`q n‡qwQj| m¤úªwZ cÖKvwkZ
GKwU MÖ‡š’ (Colonialism, Tradition and reform: An analysis of gandhi’s
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political discourse, sage publications, New Delhi) MvÜxi †hŠb cixÿv-wbixÿvi
Dci Z_¨c~Y© Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Q kÖx wfLy cv‡iL| wfLy cv‡iL hull university Gi
cwjwUK¨vj w_Iixi Aa¨vcK| †m weª‡U‡bi Comission for Racial Equality Gi
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mgvRKg©x| wfLy cv‡i‡Li cy¯ÍK †_‡K GKwU Ask wb‡P D×…Z Kiv n‡”Q:
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e¨vcv‡i †m Zvi ¯¿xi gZvgZ †bIqv wKsev civgk© Kivi cÖ‡qvRb †eva K‡iwb| G mgq
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Av‡jvPbvq I cÖKv‡k¨I e¨vcviwU Zvi wbKU Zz‡jwQj| GB me mgv‡jvPbvi cÖZz¨Ë‡i 1935
mv‡ji †m‡Þ¤^‡i MvÜx ÔRbmvavi‡Yi g½‡ji Rb¨Õ H Af¨vm cwiZ¨vM Kivi cÖwZÁv MÖnY
K‡i|
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cybivq Pvjy Ki‡jv| gwnjv mnKg©x‡`i †ek K‡qKRb A‡bK mgq Zvi cv‡kB kqb Ki‡Zv|
Avi mykxjv bvqvi (cvcvZ¥v MvÜxi e¨w³MZ wPwKrmK) †Zv MvÜxi m‡½ ÔGK weQvbvq ïZÕ
Zv‡K DòZv w`‡q Mig ivLvi Rb¨| (bvDhywejøvn!) mykxjv Zv‡K g¨vmvR Ki‡Zv Ges
Ilwahy³ cvwb Øviv †Mvmj Kwi‡q w`‡Zv| GB †Mvmj cÖvq †`oNÈv a‡i Pj‡Zv|
MvÜxi weK…Z RxebhvÎv cÖYvjx m¤^‡Ü cÖ_g cÖKv‡k¨ gšÍe¨ Kiv nq Ô†ev‡¤^ µwbKjÕ cwÎKvq
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Mí Qv‡c| Zviv mykxjv bvqv‡ii bvg D‡jøL K‡i MvÜxi weiæ‡× ÔAag©Õ I Pig
Bw›`ªqcivqYZvi Awf‡hvM DÌvcb K‡i|
wKQz Av‡gwiKvb cÎcwÎKv, hviv Av‡M Ô†g‡Wwjb †møWÕ bvg&œx gwnjvi m‡½ 1931 mv‡j
Df‡qi jÛb mdiKv‡j MvÜxi m‡½ ÔA‰eaÕ m¤ú‡K©i Bw½Z w`‡qwQjÑ Zviv Av‡iv †LvjvLywj
bvbv Kvwnbx cÖKv‡k †g‡Z D‡V|
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wM‡q MvÜx ïay †h gwnjv‡`i m‡½ Zvi Nwbô msmM© eRvq ivL‡jv ZvB bq, †mB m‡½ MvÜx
bZzb K‡i GK A¯^vfvweK AvPvi ïiæ Ki‡jv| weMZ K‡qK ermi a‡i †m †g‡q‡`i m‡½
GKB Kvgivq kqb Ki‡Zv, wKš‘ `yiZ¡ eRvq †i‡L| m¤úªwZ †m Zv‡`i K‡qKR‡bi m‡½
ÔGKmv‡_ ï‡ZÕ Avi¤¢ K‡iwQj| Gevi cvcvZ¥v MvÜx wm×všÍ wb‡jv, Zvi GK bZzb Ôcixÿv-
wbixÿvÕi cieZ©x avc wn‡m‡e †m Dj½ n‡q Zvi gwnjv mnKg©x‡`i m‡½ ï‡e| bvDhywejøvn!
†m GUv ïiæ K‡iwQj 1944 mv‡ji 22‡k †deªæqvwi‡Z Zvi ¯¿x gviv hvevi ci| 1945 mv‡ji
GwcÖ‡j weojv‡K †jLv c‡Î cvcvZ¥v MvÜx wb‡Ri cÖm‡½ D‡jøL K‡i, Ò‡mBme gwnjv ev
wK‡kvixiv hviv Avgvi m‡½ Dj½ n‡q kqb K‡iwQjÓ- hv †_‡K †evSv hvq †ek K‡qKRb
wn›`y gwnjv GB weK…Z Kg©Kv‡Ði m‡½ mswkøó wQj| mykxjv bvqvi QvovI cÖfveZx bvivqY
(RqcÖKvk bvivq‡Yi ¯¿x), Avfv MvÜx, gby MvÜx GB Kw_Z Ôcixÿv-wbixÿvÕq Ask wb‡qwQj|
jxjveZx, ivRKzgvix Ag„Z KvDi Ges AviI †ek K‡qKRb wn›`y gwnjv Gi m‡½ hy³ wQj|
G m¤^‡Ü cvcvZ¥v MvÜx 1945 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m gybœvjvj kvn‡K GK cÎ †j‡L: ÒAvgvi
cwiPq n‡jv, Avwg hv-Avwg ZvB| mgv‡Ri Kj¨v‡Yi K_v Zz‡j †Kvb jvf †bB| Avwg hZ`~i
m¤¢e GKmv‡_ †kvqvi e¨vcviwU ¯’wMZ †i‡LwQ| wKš‘ Avwg GwU G‡Kev‡i †Q‡o w`‡Z cvie
bv| Avwg hw` †g‡q‡`i m‡½ GKmv‡_ †kvqvi e¨vcviwU m¤ú~Y© †Q‡o w`B, Zvn‡j Avgvi
eªþPh©‡K ÔKjw¼ZÕ Kiv n‡e| ZvB G ai‡Yi evav-wb‡la Avgvi Ici Av‡ivc Kiv DwPZ
bq|Ó
cvcvZ¥v MvÜx 1946 mv‡ji A‡±vei gv‡m gby MvÜx‡K †W‡K cvVv‡jv (gby wQj MvÜxi cyÎ
nwijv‡ji †g‡q, †h nwijvj Zvi wcZvi mv‡_ we‡`ªvn K‡i cweÎ Øxb Bmjvg MÖnY K‡iwQj)|
cvcvZ¥v MvÜxi ¯¿xi g„Zz¨i mgq GB gby wbôv mnKv‡i Zvi `v`xi ficyi †mev K‡iwQj|
wb‡Ri Kv‡Q Avmvi Rb¨ †jLv GK c‡Î MvÜx gby‡K †j‡L: Ò†Zvgv‡K †W‡K cvVvw”Q, wKš‘
Gi D‡Ïk¨ †Zvgv‡K AmyLx Kiv bq| Zzwg wK Avgv‡K fq cvI? †Zvgvi B”Qvi weiæ‡× †Kvb
wKQz Ki‡Z Avwg †Zvgv‡K KL‡bvB eva¨ Ki‡ev bv|Ó
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m¤ú‡K© wKQzB Rvbvqwb| cvcvZ¥v MvÜxi GB Pig weK…Z Kg©Kv‡Ði welqwU †jvKgy‡L
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e‡j AwfwnZ Ki‡Zv| cÖ_‡g welqwU e¨vcKfv‡e cÖPvi †cj| †kl ch©šÍ Zv Rbmvavi‡Yi
Am‡šÍvl I Zxeª MY-cÖwZwµqvq cwiYZ nq|

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cvcvZ¥v MvÜxi A‡bK Abymvix we‡klZt †ek wKQz ¸RivwU mnKg©x Zvi m‡½ m¤úK© wQbœ
K‡i| nwiRb cwÎKvi `yÕRb m¤úv`K cÖwZev` Rvwb‡q c`Z¨vM K‡i| A‡b‡K cvcvZ¥v MvÜxi
m‡½ Ôbb †Kv-Acv‡ikbÕ Ki‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i| ejøf c¨v‡Uj LyeB †µvavwš^Z nq Ges cvcvZ¥v
MvÜxi m‡½ K_vevZ©v eÜ K‡i †`q| Ôwe‡bvev fv‡eÕ bvgK cvcvZ¥v MvÜxi GKRb cÖavb
Abymvix Zv‡K Amš‘wó Rvwb‡q cÎ †j‡L| cvcvZ¥v MvÜxi cyÎ †`ex `vm Zv‡K D‡ËwRZ I
Zxeª mgv‡jvPbv g~jK GK cÎ †cÖiY K‡i| cvcvZ¥v MvÜxi GKvšÍ AbyMZ †÷‡bvMÖvdvi
ciïivg Zvi PvKwi Kiv †Q‡o †`q|
RInijvj †bniæI wePwjZ n‡q c‡o| cvcvZ¥v MvÜxi Ab¨ †ek wKQz msL¨K f³ G e¨vcv‡i
m‡šÍvlRbK ˆKwdqZ `vex K‡i| wKš‘ GZ mgv‡jvPbv I wQt wQt m‡Ë¡I cvcvZ¥v MvÜx wKš‘
Aby‡kvPbvi av‡i Kv‡QI †Mj bv|
1946 mv‡ji 20‡k wW‡m¤^i cvcvZ¥v MvÜx Zvi 19 eQi eqmx bvZbx gbyi m‡½ e¯¿nxb n‡q
†kvqvi Kw_Z ÔcixÿvÕ ïiæ K‡i| cvcvZ¥v MvÜx gbyi wcZv, A_©vr Zvi cyÎ nwijvj‡K G
m¤ú‡K© wKQzB Rvbvqwb| cvcvZ¥v MvÜxi GB Pig weK…Z Kg©Kv‡Ði welqwU †jvKgy‡L
e¨vcKfv‡e Qwo‡q co‡jv | †kl ch©šÍ Zv Rbmvavi‡Yi Am‡šÍvl I Zxeª MY-cÖwZwµqvq
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6
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MvÜxi wb‡Ri AvZ¥Rxebx‡Z Zvi e`Pwi‡Îi ¯^xK…wZ:


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AviI `yB Pvievi nBqv‡QÓ nIqvUv m¤¢e!

7
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n‡q‡Q|

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8

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