11.

4 Rare Earth Magnetism 663

change integral is (see (2.48))

e2
IfdFc(n',k';n,k)= Id.1 /dr2$;Llk'(r1)#if(r2) lrl - r21 d'nk (r2)#4f (rl )
(1 1.78)
where n, n' are band indices. If there are several f-electrons in the
shell, the exchange interaction -I;!c C, s!.s!j = -Idir
f --c S-sC, acts on the
total f-spin S. Let us, however, recall that within the ground state
multiplet the only conserved vector is J , thus we have to express S
with J. &calling (see p. 41) that within a given (25+ 1)-dimensional
subspace, L + 2 s = gJ, where g is the Land6 factor, and subtracting
from this equation L + S = J , we get
S = (9- l ) J . (1 1.79)
The full expression of the c-f direct exchange interaction is analogous
to (11.24)
Ndir = iRj (k- k' )
c-f -(9 - 1) $!c(nl, k'; n, k)e
j n,n'k,k'

Like in (11.56), the f-shell at R, can be considered to give rise to an

effective field Hi o( (g - 1)Ji acting on the conduction electrons; how-
ever, its source is now not point-like, but extended in space. A simple
approximate form is obtained by dropping n' # n terms, replacing the
wave functions 11, by plane waves, and assuming that the Coulomb in-
teraction is so strongly screened that it can be replaced by 6(rl - r2).
Then we find

1
I?!Jn, k'; n, k ) = drl#q(r)l e
2 z(k'-k)r -
- f 4 f W - k) 7 (11.81)

the form factor of the 4f electron density. The electron gas reacts to
this Fourier component of Hi with the susceptibility Xo(k' - k), and
the resulting band polarization couples to another f-shell spin at Rj.
It follows that the RKKY Hamiltonian (11.53) can be rewritten as
1
= X E k f i k a + -(9 -
X~~RKKY - Rj)J i * J j . (11.82)
ka
2
if3