ABSTRACK

Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long term medical
condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. High blood
pressure usully does not cause symptoms. Long-term high blood pressure, however, is a
major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failur, atrial fibrillation, peripheral
vascular disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, and dementia.

Hypertension results from a complex interaction of genes and enviromental factors.

Numerous common genetic variants with small effects on blood pressure have been
indentifiied as well as some rare genetic variants with large effects on blood pressure.

Secondary hypertension results from an indetifiable cause. Kidney disease is the most
common secondary cause hypertension.

Prevention of hypertension is maintain normal body weight for adults (e.g. body massa index
20-25 kg/m2)

 Reduce dietary sodium intake to ˂100 mmol/day (˂6 g of sodium chloride or ˂2.4g of
sodium per day)
 Engage in reguler aerobic physical activity such as brisk walking (≥30 min per day,
most days of the week)
 Limit alcohol consumption to on more than 3 unit/day in men and no more than 2
unit/day in women
 Cosume a diet rich in fruit vegetables (e.g. at least five portion per day);

Several classes of medications, collectively referred to as antihypertensive medications, are

available for treating hyepertension.

First-line medication for hypertension include thiazide-diuretics, calcium channel blockers,

angiotensin corverting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers

Nama : Ni Nyoman Rai

Kelas : B2

Nim : NH0217066