APHuGs Ch4 p.

1
AP Human Geography Name:_________________________
Chapter 4: Culture

Key Issue #1: Where are folk and popular leisure activities distributed? due:_____
1. Culture:

3 important parts of culture are:

v

2. What is the difference between a habit and a custom?

3. What is a group’s material culture? What is the difference between material culture and culture?

Introducing Folk & Popular Culture

4. Folk culture:

5. Popular culture:

v What 3 factors typically differ between folk and pop culture? Provide examples!

6. What is “built environments” and how do they differ between folk and pop culture?

Origin, Diffusion, & Distribution of Folk & Popular Culture

7. What is a hearth? How is it different for folk culture v. popular culture?

8. What is diffusion? How is it different for folk culture v. popular culture?

9. Describe the 3 types of music that diffused in the late 20th century in the U.S. and where each one
diffused to. How did this diffusion impact the musical styles?
 APHuGs Ch4 p.2

10. What is distribution? How is it different for folk culture v. popular culture?

For the chart below fill in each religion & how the artwork reflects the environment

11.
Buddhists

12.
Hindus

13.
Muslims

14.
Folk religion

15. What do these different displays of art demonstrate about folk customs?

Geographic Differences Between Folk & Pop Culture

16. How are cultural regions vernacular? How are cultural regions functional?

17. What were the clusters of musical styles in the U.S.? Why did they change?

Using the Time Use Survey on p116 compare the countries in regard to use of leisure time & what
we can infer about that country’s culture:
18. U.S. 19. Pakistan

Origin & Diffusion of Folk & Pop Music

20. Where do folk songs originate from? What is their purpose?

21. What is the purpose of popular music?

22. Where did pop music originate from? Why?

23. Where do pop musicians cluster (specific and generally)? Why?

24. Looking at figure 4-11, pick a state/region that is different from its surroundings and guess as to
why that difference exists.? For example, why are ND, SD, MN, and IA all different? Or why is
Colorado the only state that loves Lorde?
 APHuGs Ch4 p.3
Origin & Diffusion of Folk & Popular Sports
25. Describe the folk culture aspects and the popular culture aspects of soccer:
Folk Culture Popular Culture

v When did soccer transition from folk to pop culture? What changes allowed for the
globalization of soccer?

26. What does inclusion in the Olympics mean for a sport?

27. List 4 examples of sports & where they are preferred:

v
v
v
v
For the above list, pick 1 and explain below WHY do you think it is popular where it is:

28. How are organized sports part of pop culture today? How are they also part of regional identity?

Key Issue #2: Where are folk and popular material culture distributed? due:_____
** What three factors do material culture include? **

Why does popular clothing, food, and shelter vary more by time than place?
1. What determines access to the material possessions of pop culture?
2. Regional differences are more or less than in the past?

Elements of Material Culture

3. Folk or pop culture is more influenced by the environment?
4. Describe 2 environmental factors that influence wine production:
Ø

5. Where is wine production encouraged? Why?

6. Where is wine production discouraged? Why?

 APHuGs Ch4 p.4
7. How does clothing create a conflict between folk and pop cultures? Give 2 specific
geographic examples!

Folk and Popular Clothing

Folk cultures traditionally wear clothing in response to _______________________________,
whereas popular culture clothing preferences are reflections of _______________________.

1. What are 2 specific geographic examples of folk culture clothing choices?

Ø

2. Why might folk costumes persist in different parts of the world?

3. What 2 factors help determine popular culture clothing choices?

Ø Provide a specific example of popular culture clothing choices you or someone in

your family makes and why!

4. How has technology changed fashion distribution and trends?

Folk Food Customs

5. Terroir:

6. How does the environment impact folk food customs?

Provide 3 specific geographic examples:

7. Describe bostans:

8. What are 2 specific geographic examples of folk cultures food choices based on perceived
qualities this food will or won’t provide?
Ø

9. Taboo:

Ø Why might a food taboo exist?

 APHuGs Ch4 p.5
Ø What are Jewish food taboos & why?

Ø What are Muslim food taboos and why?

Ø What are Hindu food taboos and why?

Popular Food Preference

10. Where is Coca-Cola more popular and why?

11. Where is Pepsi more popular and why?

12. Look at figure 4-26, why do you think there are more McDonald’s in the Midwest than
other locations? Give 2 specific reasons.

13. What is 1 food preference in the U.S. based on cultural factors of regional variations?

14. What is 1 food preference in the U.S. based on environmental factors of regional variations?

Folk & Popular Housing

15. Housing is considered a product of ______________ and __________________; and can be
seen as a good reflection of ___________________ , ______________________ ,
_____________________ , and _____________________________ .

16. How does the environment impact folk housing?

17. What are 2 specific geographic examples of how folk housing is influenced by culture?
Ø

18. Compare & contrast the images of Figure 4-30.

19. What are the 3 hearths of U.S. folk housing? Describe their distinctive shapes/designs.
Ø

Ø
 APHuGs Ch4 p.6
Key Issue #3: Why is access to folk and popular culture unequal?
1. How do changes in technology impact both folk and pop culture diffusion?

Diffusion of TV and Internet

2. Why is watching TV important for pop culture?

3. During the 20th century, what changes with TV access?

4. Looking at Table 4-1: What do you think caused the increase of TVs per person in the U.S.
over time? What can you infer about culture in the U.S. from this table?

5. Make a timeline below of the 3 time periods of internet diffusion, including brief
information about diffusion:

Diffusion of Social Media

6. According to Figure-34 what regions of the world have google street view?

7. Between the early 2000s and 2014, what trend occurred regarding Facebook usership?

8. Why would India be number 2 for Twitter users, if it is not an MDC?

9. ** Read PAUSE & REFLECT p135 and respond **

Challenges in Accessing Electronic Media

10. How many countries according to Freedom on the Net are “free”? How many are
“partly free”? How many are “not free”?
11. What are the 3 categories of restrictions on the free use of the Internet?

12. How do countries regulate the infrastructure of technology to restrict it?

13. What problems do some developing countries have with American control of much of TV
programming?

14. What are the 3 types of Internet content that are frequently blocked/censored in other
countries?
 APHuGs Ch4 p.7
15. Why are some government ramping up their restrictions of technology?

Ø What is a specific geographic example of this restriction?

16. What are some of the worst offending countries for limiting freedom? Give a specific
example of what happens there.

17. Compare and contrast the diffusion of television and the internet.

Key Issue #4: Why do folk and popular culture face sustainability challenges?
1. What are the challenges facing folk culture?

2. What are the challenges facing pop culture?

Sustainability Challenges for Folk Culture

3. Assimilation:

4. Acculturation:

5. Where did the Amish settle & why?

6. How did and does Amish culture diffuse?

7. How have the Amish adjusted as a folk culture living in a country dominated by pop
culture? Give 2 specific examples.

8. How has global diffusion of pop culture changed the lives of women? Give 2 specific
geographic examples.

9. How have dowries changed in the 20th century?

10. What are some problems with modern dowries?

Sustainability Challenges for Popular Culture

11. How can the diffusion of pop culture adversely impact the environment?
 APHuGs Ch4 p.8
12. Why is uniform landscape helpful for pop culture? How is it created?

Ø What is a specific geographic example of when uniform landscape is used?

13. What is a franchise? How does this relate to pop culture diffusion and uniform landscapes?

14. Who do fast-food places entice as customers? How has this changed over time?

15. How can popular culture negatively impact the environment? Give 2 or more examples.

16. Explain how the creation of golf courses in a desire for uniform landscape impact the
environment.

17. How are animals impacted by pop culture? Provide specific details.

18. Compare and contrast how folk culture and popular cultures interact with the environment
and their surroundings.