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20/08/2018 MEO Class 4 Writtens & Orals - 2016 : Fully about purifier
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M o n d a y, 7 N o v e m b e r 2 0 1 6 MEO Class 4
Fully about purifier About Me
Muthu Ram
A Purifier Follow 29
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What is a Purifier?
The large quantities of lubricating oil used in main propulsion engines,
turbines, and reduction gear sets must be cleaned or purified. This process
involves removing any water or solid particles from the oil and then Blog Archive
returning the oil to service. On motor ships that burn heavy fuel, the fuel
▼ 2016 (4)
oil must be purified before it is injected into engine. Purifiers, also called
▼ November (2)
separators or centrifuges, are provided for these services. Although the
details differ, the basic design of fuel and lubricating-oil purifiers is similar. Fully about purifier
Everything About Streeing Gear
► October (2)
Working Principle of a Purifier

Liquids with a specific gravity or density difference can be separated in a
setting tank by the effect of gravity.
The centrifugal separation of two liquids, such as oil and water, results in
the formation of a cylindrical interface between the two. The positioning
of this interface between the centrifuges is very important.
With reference to the section view, the heavy bowl and the stack of conical
disks that it contains are rotated by the spindle, which is driven at high
speed through gearing by the electric motor visible in the photograph.
Untreated oil flows in at points and is directed to the bottom of the bowl.
Holes in the disks allow the oil to flow upward through the stack. The rapid
rotation of the disks and bowl spins the mass of oil. Since the water and
sludge are heavier than the oil, they are outward by the centrifugal force,
while the oil remains nearer the center. Sludge accumulates on the inside
periphery of the bowl, and water, just inside of the sludge. The water
passes toward outside the outer edge of the disk stack and exits at point 5.
The top disk directs clean oil toward the center, and the clean oil exits at
point 4.
Like most modern oil purifiers, the unit in these figures is said to be self-
cleaning or sludge-ejecting: the bottom of the bowl can move down
slightly, but is normally forced upward against the upper part of the bowl
by water introduced under pressure at point 7. At timed intervals while the
purifier is running, this water pressure is interrupted momentarily and
accumulated sludge is forced out by centrifugal force through ports in the
bowl at point 3. Purifiers that are not self cleaning must be disassembles
and cleaned by hand frequently. Even self-cleaning purifiers must
occasionally be cleaned manually.
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Inspection to be carried out on various parts of a purifier

1. Vertical shaft
It is subjected to compression and static and dynamic load.
- It is transmitting rotational torque to the bowl arrangement
therefore subjected to share stress.
- It is also subjected to bending stress.
- Check for trueness of shaft.
- Check for fatigue crack or the shaft.
- Check for surface finishing, smoothness and key heating.
- Check for dimension to contain wear or loss of metals and
deformation.
2. Vertical warm
- Check for profile of gear tooth.
- Check for backlash with horizontal.
- Check for damages on account of stress and corrosion as it is
subjected to the load transformation.
- Check for surface crack.
- Check for loss of metal on account of friction, abrasion, corrosion.
3. Bearing of vertical shaft
- Check the bearing for cage integrity, check for ball wear by
rotating to listen any sound, however bearing have completed the
service, replace it.
- Check the shaft sleeves for wear and damages.
- Check the thrust bearing and ball at bottom for any damage such
as crack.
- Check the axial buffer for any surface damages due to stress.
- Check the ball bearing housing.
- Check the housing for elongation, for spring action, surface crack,
and spring profile.
- Check the spring, washer for correct height, for trueness in
diameter.
- Check the buffer spring compression for
a) Thrust thread profile
b) For fatigue crack
- Check for elongation of bolt.
- Check for buffer spring carrier, threaded holes.
- Check for corrosion attack.
4. Buffer spring carrier cover
- Check for fatigue stress.
- Central shaft passage hole.
- Check the gasket for reasonable.
- Check the bowl assembly.
5. Bowl body
At the bottom, shelf during assembly is dissembled.
- Check all springs for elongation, surface crack, profile
- Check spring carrier.
- Check sliding disc for any deformation
- Check sealing ring for its resilience, softness, surface crack due to
aging.
- Check for bowl body.
1) Check water passage at bottom for trueness.
2) Check Teflon valve seat for any surface compression.
3) Check all the screws holding the self cleaning assembly for
elongation and fatigue crack along thread.
4) Check the body threads for tightening.
5) Check the sludge discharge port for trueness.
6) Check the tapper moving bowl holder for correct tapper.
7) Check the operating water holes for trueness. Check the tap
holes for lifting tool and thread profile and fatigue crack.
8) Check the lock ring for thread profile, any damages to the
threads and fatigue crack along the thread and along the four
spanner fixing holes.
6. Sliding bowl
- Check external topper for any damages, any penetration.
- Check the sealing ring for dimension, softness, and dimensions.
- Check seal ring groove for absolute cleanliness and any fatigue
crack.
- Check the circumferential rim for correct shape, dimension and
check the locking slot and distributing cone.
- Check the threads for lifting tool, thread profile.
7. Disc stacks
- Check all the disc for cleanliness for
1) Correct conical shape.
2) Slot of conical disc.
3) Shape between two discs.
8. Bowl hood
1) It is checked for sealing ring.
2) Check the groove for cleanliness.
3) Check all the slots on four sides circumferentially and there should
be any damage.
4) Check the paring for correct number.
5) Check the threads for correct profile and fatigue crack.
9. Level rings
- Check the level ring for proper shape.
- Check for oil and water passages for trueness.
- Check for fatigue crack at the level ring bridges.
10. Distributor
It is checked for spling profile, oil distributor holes, and rim of locking discs
for no damages.
11. Horizontal assembly
- Check the shaft for trueness as it is subjected to shear stress for
load transmission therefore check for trueness, dimension.
- Check the end threads for its profile, check for surface damage.
- Check the friction drums and wear and woblity.
- Check the friction pad for thickness.
- Check the bearing housing in gear case for fatigue crack.
- Check the dressing gear for proof.
- Check gear tooth.
- Check the backlash with the gear pump driving gear.
12. Purifier body
- Check for loss of metal due to corrosion with water and fuel oil.
- Check the sludge space for cleanliness.
- Check the sludge outlet and water inlet and wash water outlet for
trueness.
13. Distributor cover
- Check the water holes.
- Check the height adjusting ring for correct thickness.
- Check the packing ring for softness, surface crack.
- Check the distributor ring for any damages and trueness of all
water passages.
- Sealing sleeve for distributor ring flan evenness.
- Check all the rubber sealing ring.
Mechanism of Sludge Discharge

Bowl is composed of bowl body, bowl hood, and bowl nut which form a
container. In the inside of bowl, the separation chamber composed of discs
and top disc, and distributor leading dirty oil from the inlet of bowl to
separation chamber has been incorporated.
Furthermore, SELFJECTOR has valve cylinder sliding up and down in order
to discharge solids separated and accumulated on the inside wall of bowl
during operation. The structure to operate valve cylinder is provided on
the outside and lower part of bowl.
Solids and water in dirty oil, ked into separation chamber, are separated
from dirty oil while passing the spaces between discs.
The purified oil flows out continuously from purified oil outlet on the upper
part of bowl and separated water also flows out continuously from water
outlet.
Since the lower pressure water chamber installed at the lower part of bowl
is filled with water during operation, the valve cylinder is pushed upwards
by water pressure generated by centrifugal force and sludge discharge
ports are closed.
On discharging sludge, when water is supplied into the upper pressure
water chamber, since it has larger pressure receiving area than the lower
pressure water chamber, the force of the former will exceed over that of
the latter. So the valve cylinder will be pushed downwards, sludge
discharge ports will be opened, and solids accumulated inside the bowl will
be discharged by powerful centrifugal force.
It has been explained in the preceding paragraph, “Mechanism of
Discharge” that sludge discharge ports will be opened and closed by
supplying water into the upper and lower pressure water chambers of
bowl, and their water supply is performed by operating water supply
equipment incorporated on the lower part of bowl..
Dismantling procedure
1) First of all, secure and arrange all the tools or special tools for
dismantling and start dismantling.
2) Unsecure small lock ring dock wise (left hand thread).
3) Remove lock ring, paring disc, packing and gravity disc.
4) Unsecure large lock ring clock wise.
5) Ease off bowl hood with tool screw.
6) If seal ring in lower edge of bowl hood needs replacement, force
out the ring by means of pin, inserting it alternately in the holes
intended for this purpose.
7) Force level ring and paring disc out of
8) Lift out the distribution with disc set in place.
9) Unscrew the cap nut clockwise.
10) Lift out distributing cone.
11) Lift out sliding bowl bottom.
12) If seal ring of sliding bowl bottom is not in good condition, it should
be replaced and compressed air is available, turn bottom upside
down and injects compressed air through hole on under side.
13) Unscrew the three screws from bowl body.
14) Ease off bowl body with control screw of lifting tool when central
screw of lifting tool.
15) To take apart the ejection mechanism, turn bowl body upside down.
Construction
1) Top cover – Cast iron
2) Lock ring – Stainless steel
3) Bowl hood – Stainless steel
4) Level ring – Brass
5) Distributor – Brass
6) Disc stock – Stainless steel
7) Cap nut – Stainless steel
8) Distributing cone – Brass
9) Sliding bowl bottom – Stainless steel
10) Bowl body – Stainless Steel
Confirmation before operation

Before operation, confirm the following matters without fall.
1) Bowl has been completely assembled. Tally marks on bowl nut and
bowl hood are in line.
2) By operating a high pressure operating water cock and low pressure
operating water valve, confirm whether operating water is flowing
out from operating water supply equipment.
3) Confirm whether cap nut has been fixed on vertical shaft.
4) Remove gear cover and by rotating spiral gear by hand confirm that
bowl rotates smoothly.
5) Bowl can be easily rotated manually. (the direction of rotation shall
be clockwise when observed from back of motor or counterclockwise
when observed from upper side.)
6) Trap locking handles have been tightly fastened.
7) Brake has been released.
8) Confirm with oil gauge if the prescribed amount of lubricating oil is
supplied in gear case.
9) Confirm that all valves and cocks are properly opened or closed.
10) Low pressure operating water tank is filled with sufficient water.
High pressure operating water is maintained at prescribed water
pressure.
11) Confirm the direction of rotation by wiring of motor.
Start up procedure of a purifier (starting sequence)

1) Start purifier by pressing push button of the starter.
Confirm that current valve has settled at about 60% of rated
current.
2) Operate oil heater.
3) Close the bowl.
Since valve cylinder is open at the time of start-up, supply water by
turning low pressure operating water valve to the position of
“Running”.
4) After supplying the prescribed amount of fresh water into
measuring hopper, open globe valve and supply water to the bowl.
5) After confirming that oil has been heated to the prescribed
temperature, open feed valve gradually to feed oil.
6) Then open feed valve fully and set the feed rate by regulating
pump-by pass-valve.
Stopping Sequence
1) Close feed valve
2) Stop the operation of oil heater.
3) Supply fresh water into the measuring hopper and by opening globe
valve, pour water in to push out oil inside the bowl in order to
decrease oil loss. This operation is so-called “Replacement”, but it is
not always required.
4) Turn high pressure operating water cock to the position of
“Discharge” and keep it for more than 5 seconds.
After confirming the sludge has been discharged by observing an
increase of electric current value or by hearing the noise caused by
sludge discharge, then turn the clock back to the initial position.
5) It is a very effective method to wash and clean the bowl inside by
pouring water into the bowl after sludge discharge and perform the
discharge again.
6) Turn low pressure operating water valve to the position of “Stop”.
7) Stop the motor.
8) Apply brake when necessary.
9) Close all valves and cocks.
10) Confirm that SELFJECTOR has been completely stopped its
operation.
Causes of Troubles and Countermeasures

Phenome Causes Countermeasures
na
Actions to be taken Matters for
Confirmation
Oil flows out Amount of sealing Shall be proper amount of Confirm the pressure of
to water water is little water (In case of sealing water.
outlet side automation, adjust operator
cam.)
Wrong selection of Shall be replaced with Confirm oil temperature and
gravity disc. (Inside proper gravity disc. specific gravity. Confirm
diameter is too big.) feed rate.
Oil temperature has Rise the temperature to the Perform repair of heater and
been lowered. temperature designed at the temperature control valve,
time when gravity disc was inspect electric or steam
selected. system.
Discharge pressure at Open discharge valve. Normally, discharge pressure

oil outside is high. at oil side is designed to be
less than 2 kg/cm2.
Bowl has not been Clean up operating water Prevent generation of scale
completely closed. disc. and mixture of foreign
objects.
Reduce pressure of low As for prescribed pressure of
pressure operating water. (In low pressure operating
case supplied by line other water.
than operating water tank.)
Clean plug screw with

nozzle.
Replace "0" ring with new
one.
Clean strainer. Prevent generation of scale
and mixture of foreign
objects in low pressure
operating water.
Supply of feed is too Adjust operation of feed
rapid. valve by speed controller.
Number of revolutions As friction clutch is slipping, Investigate the condition of

of bowl has lowered. friction blocks shall be abrasion of friction lining.
adjusted or newly replaced. Confirm whether any
leakage from oil seal in gear
case is happening or not.
Sealing water is leaking Replace "0" ring with new

one.
Replace main seal ring.
Repair damaged part on
sealing surface of valve
cylinder.
Replace "0" ring of gravity
disc.
Oil flows out Bowl has not been
Refer to actions described in
to sludge completely closed.
the item, "Oil flows out to
outlet side. water outlet side".
Main seal ring has been
damaged. Replace with new one.
Repair damaged part on
Valve cylinder has been sealing surface of valve
damaged. cylinder.
Water is Find a proper sludge
mixing in oil. Water Outlet of bowl Shorten sludge discharge discharge interval based in
has been clogged. internal Clean up bowl. oil to be treated and trails.
Bowl cannot be Rise pressure of high
opened. pressure operating water.
Clean up operating water Prevent generation of scale
disc. and mixture of foreign
objects in operating water.
Replace "0" ring of operating
water supply equipment.
Replace "0" rings of bowl.
Clean up strainer. Prevent generation of scale
and mixture of foreign
objects in high pressure
operating water.
Clean up bowl.
Wrong selection of Replace with proper gravity Confirm temperature,
gravity disc. disc. specific gravity and feed
rate.
Excessive supply of Adjust to proper quantity of
sealing water or water.
replacement water.
Oil temperature is not Adjust to proper oil Perform repair of heater and
proper. temperature. temperature control valve.
Inspect electric or steam
system.
Supply of feed is too Adjust operation of feed
rapid. valve by speed controller.
Amount of water at the Reduce the amount of Confirm whether water
time of purification washing water. washing of oil is possible or
with water washing is not. Confirm whether
too much. amount of water supply is
proper or not.
Feed rate is too much. Adjust to proper feed rate.
Number of revolutions As friction clutch is slipping, Confirm whether any

of bowl has lowered. friction blocks shall be leakage from oil seal in gear
adjusted or nearly replaced. case is happening or not.
Feed rate is Relief valve of gear Adjust relief valve.
reducing. pump has worked.
Capacity of gear pump Inspect and newly replace
has lowered. defective parts.
Air has been sucked in Further joint part and valve
piping’s. gland.
Strainer has been Clean up strainer.
clogged.
Number of revolutions As friction clutch is slipping, Confirm whether any
bowl has lowered. friction blocks shall be leakage from oil seal in gear
adjusted or newly replaced. case is happening or not.
Safety joint has been Replace with new one. Confirm for any complication
cut. in piping’s or mixture of
foreign objects.
Electric Defective in driving Adjust friction clutch.
motor is system.
overloaded.
Replace bearings. Perform
re-assembling.
Electric motor is out of Repair electric motor.
order.
Oil to be treated is Refer to actions described in
leaking from bowl. the item, "Oil flows out to
sludge outlet side".
Relief valves of pump Adjust relief valve.
has been fastened
excessively.
Abnormal Defective in bowl. Clean up bowl. Be sure to discharge sludge
vibration or at the time of stopping the
abnormal operation, then perform
sound water washing of bowl.
happens.
Add one or more discs.

Assembly correctly tally
marks, key groove or knock
pin.
Adjust the height of bowl.
Remove contact with non
rotating parts.
Send the bowl to
manufacturer for
readjustment of balance.
Defective in vertical Replace bail bearings with Inspect the amount of
shaft parts. new ones. lubricating oil and degree of
deterioration.
Further fasten upper springs Confirm for shortage of
retainers. elasticity.
Defective in horizontal Replace ball bearings with Inspect the amount of
shaft parts. new ones. lubricating oil and degree of
deterioration.
Further fasten fixing bolts of
spiral gear.
Replace the key of
horizontal shaft with the
new one.
Rubber place for Replace rubber plate.
installation has
hardened.
Lubricating Water is mixed into Replace lubricating oil. Confirm whether the
oil has been gear case. lubricating oil is complied
emulsified or with our recommendation or
amount of not.
lubricating
oil has been
reduced. Replace U type packing.
Clean up operating water
drain outlet.
Oil seal for horizontal Replace with new one.
shaft is abraded or
damaged. Supply additional lubricating Confirm whether amount of
oil. oil is proper or not through
oil gauge glass.
Reminders
Handle the parts with care Protect them against damage,
dust and dirt .Make sure the parts are clean and free of
burrs when mounting.
Don’t place parts directly on the floor. Use a clean rubber
mat, fiberboard or a suitable pallet as base.
Be specially careful of the bowl hood seal ring. It may
easily get scratched if the hood is put down carelessly and
on a dirty base.
Position the hoisting device very exactly when assembling
and disassembling. Never use a hoisting device that works
jerkily.
An electrically operated hoist should have two speeds ;
1.5meter/min and 6meters/min approx.
The lower speed is used when lifting the parts out of the machine,
and into respectively.
Posted by Muthu Ram at 23:19
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Muthu Ram
Fully about purifier
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A Purifier What is a Purifier? The large quantities of lubricating oil used
in main propulsion engines, turbines, and reduction gear...
29 have me in circles View all
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20/08/2018 MEO Class 4 Writtens & Orals - 2016 : Fully about purifier

More Create Blog Sign In

Fully about purifier About Me

View my complete profile

Working Principle of a Purifier

Inspection to be carried out on various parts of a purifier

Mechanism of Sludge Discharge

Confirmation before operation

Start up procedure of a purifier (starting sequence)

Causes of Troubles and Countermeasures

Discharge pressure at Open discharge valve. Normally, discharge pressure

Clean plug screw with

Number of revolutions As friction clutch is slipping, Investigate the condition of

Sealing water is leaking Replace "0" ring with new

Feed rate is too much. Adjust to proper feed rate.

Number of revolutions As friction clutch is slipping, Confirm whether any

Add one or more discs.

Posted by Muthu Ram at 23:19

Enter your comment...

Comment as: Google Accoun

Home Older Post

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)

Google+ Followers Featured post

29 have me in circles View all

Best of luck for class4. Simple theme. Powered by Blogger.

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