PETROLEUM REFINERY ENGINEERING (CHL 794)

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, IITD

TUTORIAL SHEET -5

1. A petroleum cut has the following ASTM D86 distillation data:

Volume% 0 10 30 50 70 90 95
Temperature (deg.C) 36.5 54 77 101.5 131 171 186.5

Table 1.1 gives the a and b constants in the interconversion equation (TBP = a(ASTM D86)b)
referred to in the API method and table 1.2 gives the constants for Daubert’s distillation curves (∆Tiꞌ = Ai
((∆Ti)Bi) where T and Tꞌ stand for ASTM D86 and TBP temperatures respectively, both in deg.F. Convert
these data to TBP data using the API method of Riazi and Daubert and Daubert’s method. Plot the results
and compare.
Table 1.1. Constants for the equation of the API method
Volume % distilled a b
0 0.9167 1.0019
10 0.5277 1.0900
30 0.7429 1.0425
50 0.8920 1.0176
70 0.8705 1.0226
90 0.9490 1.0110
95 0.8008 1.0355

Table 1.2 Constants for Daubert’s distillation curves for interconversion

Index number i Ai Bi

1 7.4012 0.6024
2 4.9004 0.7164
3 3.0305 0.8008
4 0.8718 1.0258
5 2.5282 0.8200
6 3.0419 0.7750
7 0.1180 1.6606
Also, calculate the MeABP of the petroleum fraction. If the API gravity of this fraction is 62, calculate the
Watson’s characterization factor. Also, divide the TBP curve of the petroleum cut as calculated from API
method into pseudo-components. Calculate the liquid volume percentage of each pseudo-component.

2. Consider the Kuwait export crude with the following TBP-vol% data:
Table 2.1: TBP-vol%
volume % TBP(0C)
5 40
10 85
30 215
50 340
70 495
Determine the volumetric yield, average boiling point, molecular weight and specific gravity for the
products shown in the table 2 below.
 Table 2.2: Typical CDU products and their end boiling points
Cut # Product End point (0C)
1 Off gas 10
2 Light straight run naphtha 70
3 Naphtha 180
4 Kerosene 240
5 Light diesel 290
6 Heavy diesel 340
7 Atm. Gas oil 370
8 Vacuum gas oil 390
9 Vac. distillate 550
10 Vac. residue -

3. For the Kuwait export crude (API 31.5) given in the above problem. Perform a material balance for a
CDU using HYSYS for 100,000 BPCD of 29 API crude with the following assay.
Table 3.1 Crude Assay
volume % TBP(0C)
0 -9.44
4.5 32.22
9 73.89
14.5 115.56
20 154.44
30 223.89
40 273.33
50 326.67
60 393.33
70 473.89
76 520.56
80 546.11

The crude is fed to a pre-flash separator operating at 450 0 F and 75 psia. The vapour from this separator
bypasses the crude furnace and is remixed with the hot (650 0F) liquid leaving the furnace. The combined
stream is then fed to the distillation column. The column operates with a total condenser, three side
strippers and three pump around.

4. With 100000 BPD of the following crude (API=36), Estimate the products of the atmospheric distillation
column. If the atmospheric residue of the crude is taken at 650+ 0F. It enters in a vacuum distillation tower
to give three products: light vacuum gas oil (650 to 850 0F), heavy vacuum gas oil (850-10500F) and
vacuum residue (1050+0F). Calculate the mass flow rate of these products. Then, calculate the sulphur
content (lb/hr) for each product.
ASTM D86(0F) vol% cum vol% SG
86 0 0 __
122 0.5 0.5 0.67
167 1.2 1.7 0.675
212 1.6 3.3 0.722
257 2.7 6 0.748
302 3.1 9.1 0.765
347 3.9 13 0.778
392 4.7 17.7 0.789
437 5.7 23.4 0.801
482 8 31.4 0.814
527 10.7 42.1 0.825
584 5 47.1 0.845
636 10 57.1 0.854
689 7.8 64.9 0.863
742 7 71.9 0.864
794 6.5 78.4 0.889
__ 20.8 99.2 0.931