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Advantages :
1. Send the signal faster
2. Accuracy of sending signal
3. Able to send a big amount of data at the same
time
Disadvantages :
1. It’s a costly method
2. Needs complicated maintenance
3. Able to send signals and suit only for a very
short distances
Serial Serial transmission is an alternative method which
transmission needs only one communication line to send signal
between sender and receiver that means it cost
cheaper than Parallel transmission. According to, it
needs only one line to communicate so the signal will
be sent one bit at a time. The previous bit has to
arrive first then the next bit will be sent. Therefore,
serial transmission is a dependable method and
suitable for long distance communications.
Advantages :
1. It’s a cheaper method
2. Uses less cable line
3. Able to send signals and suit for long distance
communication
Disadvantages :
1. Sending signals slower
2. Not suit to send a large amount of data because
it can send only one bit at a time so it will take
long time to send
4. Calculate
≈ 20.83 ms
b. Data is transmitted asynchronously at 50 bps. Ignoring any
constraints on the number of data bits, which may be accommodated
between, start and stop bits, estimate the maximum number of bits
which may be reliably received if the receiver clock is operating at 52 Hz.
(Show both calculation and Diagram to represent your answer)
Receiver bit duration = 50 ms
≈ 19.23 ms
5. Data is transmitted asynchronously in the form of short blocks
consisting of a start bit, seven information bits, a parity bit and a stop bit.
All bits are of 9.09 ms duration apart from the stop bit, which is of double
length.
Determine:
10
× 1000 = 1,100 𝑏𝑝𝑠
9.09
1100
= 110 𝑏𝑎𝑢𝑑
10
The number of links for star topology is n(n-1)/2 so the answer is 190
Radio Radio is suitable for in area that cannot install the cable
or have limited space.
Advantages :
1. It’s easy and cheap to install for small unit
2. Uses less equipment
3. Able to adjust later easily
Disadvantages :
1. Gets disturb from interfering outside signal highly
2. It’s expensive to install for large area
3. Not able to control the spread of data from the
network
8. State the maximum entropy of a 16-symbol source.
1 1
= × 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 ( ) × 16
16 1
16
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 (16)
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 (24 )
= 4𝑙𝑜𝑔2 2
= 4