Alphabetical list of glossary terms

All these terms are related to English chart 167

language teaching (ELT). They appear in choral drill 98
the TKT Glossary published by Cambridge chunk 16
ESOL and are highlighted in bold and clarify 49
defined and discussed in this book on the class dynamics 205
page given below. class, learner profile 156
classroom management 200
abstract 69 closed pair 204
academic (adj) 67 cloze test 146
accuracy 37 cognitive 67
achievement (noun), achieve (verb) 53 coherence (noun), coherent (adj) 31
achievement test 105 cohesion (noun), cohesive (adj) 31
acknowledge 190 cohesive device 38
acquisition (noun), acquire (verb) 58 collocation 16
activity book 156 colloquial 28
adapt (material) 157 communicative activity 74
affix (verb), affixation (noun) 10 communicative approaches 59
aid 129 complex (language) 34
aim 127 components (of a lesson plan) 133
anticipate (language) problems 134 compound 16
antonym 17 compound noun 16
appropriacy (noun), appropriate (adj) 28 comprehension 33
ask for clarification 27 concept questions, concept checking 91
assessment (noun), assess (verb) 104 concrete 69
assessment criteria 107 confidence (noun), confident (adjective) 53
assessor 199 connected speech 23
assumptions 134 conscious 63
attention span 73 consolidate 128
audio script 156 consonant 22
auditory learner 72 Content and Language Integrated Learning
authentic material 45 (CLIL) 86
autonomous 72 content-based learning 86
context 16
base word 16 contextualise 91
bilingual dictionary 151 continuous assessment 104
brainstorm (noun + verb) 34 contraction 11
contrastive stress 22
controlled practice 49
convey meaning 10
correction code 196
coursebook 156
cue card 167
deduce meaning from context 32

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 Alphabetical list of glossary terms

demotivated (adjective) 54 freer practice 97

developmental error 62 function 27
diagnose (verb) 104 Functional Approach 84
diagnostic test (noun) 104 functional exponent 127
diagnostician 199
dialogue 158 gap-fill 105
differentiation 163 get learners’ attention 185
diphthong 22 gesture 43
discipline (noun + verb) 200 goal 55
discourse 31 grade (language) 162
distinguish 21 graded reader 34
dominate (verb), dominant (adj) 205 Grammar-Translation (method) 85
draft (noun + verb) 39 (grammatical) structure, form 8
drill 98 greet 190
group dynamics 205
echo correct 210 guide (verb) 40
eclectic (approach) 87 guided discovery 86
edit 39 guided writing 40
elicit 91
emphasis (noun), emphasise (verb) 23 hesitation (noun), hesitate (verb) 43
encouragement, encourage 54 highlight 19
English-medium school 78 homonym 17
error 62 homophone 17
evaluation (noun), evaluate (verb) 40
expectation 67 ice-breaker 93
exponent 27 identify (verb) 210
exposure (noun), expose (verb) 58 ignore (errors) 64
extension (activity) 18 inappropriate 28
extensive listening 33 indicate 209
extensive reading 33 idiom 16
extract 38 individual drill 98
infer attitude, feeling, mood 32
facial expression 43 informal assessment 104
facilitator (noun), facilitate (verb) 199 informal language 28
factor 53 informality (level of) 28
false friend 17 information-gap activity 147
feature 11 input 84
feedback (noun + verb) 79 instruct 185
finger correction 168 integrated skills 50
first language 58 intensive listening 33
flashcard 167 intensive reading 33
focus on form 58 interaction (noun), interact (verb) 49
formal assessment 104 interaction patterns 79
formal language 28 interactive strategies 48
formality (level of) 28 interference 62
formative assessment 104 interlanguage 62
fossilisation, fossilised errors 63 intonation 23
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 Alphabetical list of glossary terms

introductory activity 34 mother tongue 62

motivation (noun), motivate (verb) 53
jigsaw reading 100 multiple-choice questions 99
jumbled (pictures) 99
narrate (verb), narrative (noun) 37
key word 18 needs (learner needs) 78
kinaesthetic learner 72 negotiate 190
neutral 28
L1/L2 62 nominate 185
language awareness 152 notice (language) 59
language laboratory 166
language resource 199 objective (noun) 129
layout 33 objective task 105
lead-in (noun + verb) 34 open pair 204
learn by heart 49 oral fluency 48
learner autonomy (noun) 53 outcome 129
learner characteristics 72 overgeneralisation 62
learner independence 53 overhead projector (OHP) 166
learner training 75 overhead transparency (OHT) 166
learning strategies 73
learning style 72 pace 79
less controlled practice 97 paragraph (noun + verb) 37
Lexical Approach 84 paraphrase 48
lexical set 17 part of speech 8
lexis 16 participation (noun), participate (verb) 200
linking 23 peer assessment 107
listen for detail 44 peer feedback 215
listen for gist 44 personal aim 129
listen for global understanding 44 personalisation (noun), personalise
logical 141 (verb) 93
phoneme 21
main aim 128 phonemic chart 21
manager 199 phonology 21
maturity (noun), mature (adjective) 67 pick up 58
meaningful 93 placement test 104
memorise (verb) 73 planner 199
methodology 215 portfolio 104
mime 92 praise 215
mind map/word map 101 prediction (noun), predict (verb) 32
mingle (noun + verb) 75 prefix 8
minimal pairs 24 presentation (noun), present (verb) 90
mixed ability, mixed level 163 Presentation, Practice and Production
model (noun) 40 (PPP) 84
model (verb) 91 pre-teach (vocabulary) 33
monitor (verb) 145 primary, main stress 22
monitor/observer (noun) 199 procedure 90
monolingual dictionary 151 process (verb) 62
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 Alphabetical list of glossary terms

process writing 40 set the scene 139

product writing 40 silent period 58
productive skill 37 simplify 45
proficiency test 105 situational presentation 91
progress test 104 skill 31
prompt (verb + noun) 185 skim 32
prompt card 167 slip 62
proofread 39 solution 134
punctuation 211 specify (verb), specific (aims) 129
puppet 167 speculate 190
stage 128
rank ordering, prioritising 98 stage aim 128
rapport, rapport builder 199 step 140
rationale 136 stress 22
read for detail 32 Structural Approach 83
read for gist 32 subjective task 105
read for global understanding 32 subsidiary aim 128
recall 19 subskill 32
realia 158 substitution drill 98
recast 210 suffix 8
receptive skill 31 summary (noun), summarise (verb) 37
recycle 217 summative test 105
re-draft 39 supplementary material 152
reference materials 151 survey 93
reference resource 151 syllable 22
reflect 216 syllabus 129
reformulation (noun), reformulate synonym 17
(verb) 64
register 28 tapescript 156
reinforce 128 target 55
relevant (adjective) 44 target language 91
request 28 target language culture 53
resources 151 task 97
restricted practice 91 Task-based Learning (TBL) 83
rhythm 23 teacher role 199
routine 199 teacher’s book 152
technique 90
scan 32 test 104
scheme of work 141 Test-teach-test 92
schwa 22 text structure 33
secondary stress 22 text type 33
self-access centre 169 textbook 191
self-assessment 107 time line 209
self-correction 210 timetable fit 134
sentence stress 22 timing 134
sentence transformation 146 topic sentence 38
sequence (noun + verb) 127 Total Physical Response (TPR) 85
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 Alphabetical list of glossary terms

transcript 156
transformation drill 98
true/false questions/task 99
turn 147
turn-taking 49
tutorial 216

unmotivated 54
unvoiced sound 22
utterance 195

varieties of English 17
variety (noun) 136
version 39
visual (aid) 166
visual learner 72
voiced sound 22
vowel 22

wallchart 168
warmer (noun), warm up (verb) 93
weak form 23
whole class, open class 204
word boundary 23
word family 17
word map/mind map 166
word stress 22
work language out 58
workbook 156
worksheet 152

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