BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

DATA-LINK PROTOCOLS AND DATA

CHAPTER 23 COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

# DEFINITIONS TERMS

The primary goal of __________ is to give

users of a network the tools necessary for
1) Network Architecture
setting up the network and performing
data flow control.

A set of rules implementing and governing

2) an orderly exchange of data between Data-Link Protocol
two layer devices.

The transmitting station in a data link

3) Master Station
protocol.

The receiving station in a data link

4) Slave Station
protocol.

Data link network wherein all stations have

5) Peer-to Peer Network
equal access to the network.

6) Discipline, Flow Control and Error Control. Functions of Data-link Protocol

Coordinates hop-to-hop data delivery

where a hop may be a computer, a
7) Line Discipline
network controller, or some type of
network-connecting device

Determines which device is transmitting

8) Line Discipline
and which is receiving at any point in
time.

Coordinates the rate which data are

9) transported over a link and generally Flow Control
provides an acknowledgement
mechanism.
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Specifies means of detecting and

10) Error Control
correcting transmission errors.

Two fundamental ways that line discipline Enquiry/Acknowledgement(ENQ/ACK)

11) is accomplished in a data and Poll/Select
communications network.

It determines which device on the

network can initiate a transmission and
12) ENQ/ACK
whether the intended receiver is available
and ready to receive a message.

The initiating station begins a session by

transmitting a frame, block, or packet of
13) Enquiry(ENQ)
data called _________, which identifies the
receiving station.

The response of the destination station

14) Positive Acknowledgement (ACK)
when it is ready to receive.

The response of the destination station

15) Negative Acknowledgement (NAK)
when it is not ready to receive.

The best application of the poll/select line

16) Centrally Controlled Data Network
discipline.

A solicitation sent from the primary to a

17) secondary to determine if the Poll
secondary has data to transmit

A set of procedures that tells the

transmitting station how much data it can
send before it must stop transmitting and
21) Flow Control
wait for an acknowledgment from the
destination station

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The transmitting station sends one

message frame and then waits for an
22) Stop-and Wait Flow Control
acknowledgement before sending the
next message frame.

A source station can transmit several

23) frames in succession before receiving an Sliding Window Flow Control
acknowledgement.

It refers to imaginary receptacles at the

source and destination stations with the
24) Sliding Window
capacity of holding several frames of
data.

Primary advantage of sliding window

25) Network Utilization
control.

Primary disadvantages of sliding window

26) Complexity and Hardware Capacity
flow control.

Interpret a frame of data as a group of

successive bits combined into predefined
27) Character Oriented Protocols
patterns of fixed length, usually eight bits
each.

Another name for character oriented

28) Byte-oriented Protocols
protocols.

A discipline for serial by bit information

29) transfer over a data communications Bit Oriented Protocol
channel.

A character-oriented protocols generally

used on two point networks using
30) Asynchronous Data link Protocols
asynchronous data and asynchronous
modems.

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Developed the first file transfer protocol

31) designed to facilitate transferring data Ward Christiansen
between two personal computers in 1979.

Cristiansen's protocol which is relatively

32) simple data link protocol intended for low- XMODEM
speed applications.

Remote stations can have more than one

33) Synchronous Data-Link Protocols
PC or printer.

A group of computers, printers, and other

34) Cluster
digital devices.

A synchronous character-oriented data Binary Synchronous Communications

35)
link protocol developed by IBM. (BSC)

36) Bisync
Another name for BSC.

Another name for enquiry (ENQ)

37) Format or line turn around
character.

The __________ uses longitudinal

redundancy checking (LRC) with ASCII-
38) Block Check Character (BCC)
coded messages and cyclic redundancy
checking.

A synchronous bit oriented protocol

39) developed in the 1970's by IBM for use in Synchronous Data-Link Control (SDLC)
system network architecture environment.

Three transmission states.

40) Transient, Idle and Active

Flag Fields, Address Field, Control Field,

41) SDLC Frame Fields
Information and Frame Check Sequence
Field are __________.

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It is used for the delimiting sequence for

42) the frame and to achieve frame and Flags
character synchronization.

It is used for polling, confirming previously

received frames, and several other data
43) Control Field
link management functions

Information, Supervisory and

44) Three frame formats with SDLC.
Unnumbered

A command or a response that is used to

45) Unnumbered Information (UI)
send unnumbered information.

A command that places a secondary

46) Set Initialization Mode
station into the initialization mode.

A response sent by a secondary station to

47) request the primary to send a SIM Request Initialization Mode (RIM)
command.

A command that places a secondary into

48) Set Normal Response Mode (SNRM)
the normal response mode.

A response transmitted from a secondary

station if the primary attempts to send
49) numbered information frames to it when Disconnect Mode (DM)
the secondary is in the normal disconnect
mode.

A response sent by a secondary when it

50) wants the primary to place it in the Request Disconnect (RD)
disconnect mode.

An affirmative response that indicates

52) compliance to SIM, SNRM or DISC Unnumbered Acknowledgement
commands

53) An exchange of frames between the TEST

primary station and a secondary station.

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A flag followed by eight consecutive logic

54) Turnaround Sequence
0's.

A SDLC subcommand causes all

55) previously set functions to be cleared by Clear
the secondary.

A SLDC subcommand causes the

56) secondary receiving it to turn on or turn Beacon Test
off its carrier.

A SDLC command causes the addressed

57) Monitor Mode
secondary station to pace itself into the
monitor mode.

A SDLC command causes a secondary

58) station to loop its transmission directly to its Wrap
receiver input.

A SDLC command causes the

59) Self-Test
addressed secondary to initiate a series of
internal diagnostic tests.

The transparency mechanism used with

60) Zero Bit Insertion or Zero Stuffing
SDLC.

It is used prematurely terminate an SDLC

61) Message Abort
frame.

62) The encoding scheme used in SDLC. Invert-On-Zero Coding

Standard that defines the frame structure,

delimiting sequence, transparency
63) ISO 3309
mechanism and error detection method
used with HDLC.

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64) Operational Mode of SDLC. Normal Response Mode (NRM)

A mode of operation logically equivalent

to a two point private line circuit where
65) Asynchronous Balanced Mode
each station has equal data link
responsibilities.

A switched data communications network

similar to the public telephone network
66) Public Switched Data Network (PDN)
except a PDN is designed for transferring
data only.

It is used when making a standard

67) telephone call on the public telephone Circuit Switching
network.

68) Is a form of store and forward network. Message Switching

69) Hold and Forward Network

Another name for packet switching.

A user interface as the international

70) X.25
standard for packet network access.

SA logically equivalent to a two point

71) dedicated private line circuit except Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC)
slower.

A logically equivalent to making a

telephone call through the DDD network
72) Virtual Call
except no direct end to end connection is
made.

Identifies whether the packet is a new call

73) Format Identifier
request or a previously established call.

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A 12 bit binary number that identifies the

74) source and destination users for a given Logical Channel Identifier
virtual call.

This four bit gives the number of digits that

75) Calling Address Field
appear in the calling address filed.

This field is the same as the calling address

field except that it identifies the number of
76) Called Address Length
digits that appear in the called address
field

77) This field contains the destination address. Called Address

This field is the same as the called address

78) Calling Address
field except that it contains up to 15 BCD.

79) This field identifies the number of eight bit Facilities Length Field
octets present in the facilities field.

This 32 bit field is reserved for the

80) Protocol Identifier
subscriber to insert user level protocol.

A proposed network designed by the

Integrated Services Digital Network
81) major telephone companies in
(ISDN)
conjunction with the ITU-T.

Customers gain access to the ISDN system

82) through a local interface connected to a Digital Pipe
digital transmission medium.

ISDN objectives that ensure universal

83) System Standardization
access to the network.

Said objectives that allow customers to

84) use a variety of protocols and Achieving Transparency
applications

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ISDN should not provide services that

85) Separating Functions
preclude competitiveness

Provide private-line and switched services

86) Variety of Configurations
refers what objectives of ISDN.

ISDN services should not be directly

87) related to cost and independent of the Addressing Cost-Related Tariffs
nature of the data.

88) Provide a smooth transition while evolving. Migration

Provide service to low capacity personal

89) Multiplexed Support
subscribers as well as to large companies.

Translation between non-ISDN data

90) protocol and ISDN is performed in this Terminal Adapter
device.

A boundary to the network and may be

91) Network Termination 1
controlled by the ISDN provider.

Refers to interfaces between the common

92) carrier subscriber loop and the central U-Reference Point
office switch

The media interface point between an

93) U Loop
NT1 and the central office.

It is defined by ITU-T as a service that

provides transmission channels capable of
94) Broadband ISDN
supporting transmission rates greater than
the primary data rate.

Information transfer is primarily from

95) Distribution Services
service provider to subscriber

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Codes the data information into smaller

96) Broadband Node
packets used by the BISDN network

A connection between a source and a

97) Virtual Channel
destination, which may entail several ATM
links.

Once data have entered the ATM

98) Cells
network, they transferred into fixed time
slots called ________.

Controls the flow of traffic across the user

99) Generic Flow Control Field (GFC)
network interface (UNI) and into the
network.

The first three bits of the second half of

100) Payload Type Identifier
byte 4 specify the type of message in cell.

Information fields that are designed to

accommodate PCM-TDM traffic, which
101) Constant Bit Rate
allows the ATM network to emulate voice
or DSN services.

A portion of a public service provider's

switching system where the service
102) Public ATM Switches
provider could be a local telephone
company or a long-distance carrier.

Provides the most effective and

103) economical means of handling local data Local Area Networks (LAN)
communications field.

A communications system that allows

104) users to send messages to each other E-Mails
through their computers.

105) LAN Topologies. Star, Bus and Ring Topology

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It describes how users access the

106) Network Access Methodologies
communications channel in a LAN.

Access method used primarily in bus

107) CDMA/CD
topology.

It two stations transmit at the same time,

108) Collision
________ occurs.

The time it takes a signal to travel from a

109) Propagation Delay
source to a destination.

A base band transmission system

110) designed in 1972 by Robert Metcalfe and Ethernet
David Boggs.

Its purpose is to establish clock

111) Preamble
synchronization.

It is simply a series of two logic 1's

112) Start Frame Delimiter
appended to the end of the preamble.

Consists of six bytes the corresponds to the

113) Source Address
address of the station sending the frame.

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