MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY LAWS 7. President who signed RA 5527?
Professor Rodolfo R. Rabor  President Ferdinand Marcos
June 7, 2016
1. Why does MT perform laboratory test?
 To diagnose
 To treat
 To maintain health
2. Who brought MT practice to the Philippines?
 US Army 1945 – establish the 1st clinical
laboratory in the Philippines (Quiricada, Sta.
Cruz)
 After war, closed!
 Dr. Pio De Roda – reopened (2nd laboratory
– Manila Public Health)
 Offered non-formal training
 Formal training (for 6 months – issued
Certificate of Completion)
 Followed SYLLABUS – Dr. Prudencia Sta. Ana
3. Who is the founder of MT education in the
Philippines?
 Dr. Willa Hilgert Hedrick
 1954 – PUC in cooperation with Manila
Sanitarium Hospital, Baesa, QC
- Offer the 1st BSMT
- MT as elective subject (BS Pharma
Curriculum)
 1956 – BSMT course
 Dr. Jesse Umali – 1st BSMT course (PUC)
4. What is the difference between PAMET and
PASMETH?
 PAMET (Philippine Association of Medical
Technologists) – RMT professionals
 PASMETH (Philippine Association of Schools
of Medical Technology and Public Health) –
association of schools offering MT
5. What is RA 5527?
 Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969
 1. Laboratory worker ---- Professional
 2. Laboratory work ---- Profession
1. Difference between occupation &
profession?
2. Difference between skilled
worker & professional?
3. Difference between MT &
Laboratory Technician
 Laboratory worker – skilled worker without
license
 Professional – with formal education,
training & license
6. How many sections in RA 5527?
 32 sections
 1: Title
 2: Definition of terms
 29: Penal Provisions
 32: Effectivity
 June 21, 1969
8. Exclusive practices of RMT professionals?
 Analysis of blood, urine & other secretions
as well as from biological specimen
 Bacteriologic, Mycologic, Parasitologic
Examination
 Histopathology, Cytotechnology
 Blood Banking
Non-exclusive practices of RMT professionals?
 Specimen collection
 Clinical Research involving patients
 Quality Control
 Preparation & Standardization of Reagents
9. What government agency recognizes school of MT?
 CHED (Commission on Higher Education)
 Permit to offer BSMT
 Recognized status: Performance of 1st batch
licensure examination = national passing
rate
 Accredited:
1. PACUCOA (Philippine Association
of Colleges and Universities
Commission on Accreditation)
2. PAASCU (Philippine Accrediting
Association of Schools, Colleges
and Universities)
10. What government agency accredits MT training
laboratory?
 CHED (Commission on Higher Education)
 Before: DOH (Department of Health)
 MT training - the last year of course
1. Hospital laboratory
2. Tertiary category laboratory
11. Composition of Board of MT (BOMT)?
 3/Three
 1: Pathologist - Dr. Marietta C. Baccay
 2: RMTs – Ms. Marian M. Tantingco
- Ms. Marilyn R. Atienza
12. What are the qualifications of the members of the
board?
 Filipino citizen
 Good moral character
 Graduate of BSMT/BSPH (Recognized
school)
 Holder of RMT license (Atleast 9 years)
 Not a faculty of School of MT
 No direct/indirect interest SMT
What is the term of office of BOMT? ---- 3 years
without reappointment but may be extended
13. What are the grounds of removal of the members
of BOMT?
 Incompetence
 Malpractice/Corruption
  Death & Physical Disability 23. Difference between Penalty of Suspension &
 Convicted by court (Immoral, Unethical, Penalty of Revocation?
Unprofessional Conduct)  Penalty of Suspension – maximum of 2
years
14. Who are not inhibited against the practice of MT?  Penalty of Revocation – lifetime
 Licensed Physician
 Foreign Consultants 24. If Penalty of Suspension &/or Penalty of Revocation
 US Air Force is imposed to a MT professional, what must he do?
If he fails to do it, what is the punishment?
15. Qualifications of admission to the licensure  Surrender Certificate of Registration (COR)
examination? within 30 days
 Graduate of BSMT/BSPH  If he failed to do it, Perpetual
 Filipino citizen Disqualification
 Good moral character 1. COR = only once (display in work
area)
16. What is the scope of licensure examination? 2. ID = renewal once in 3 years
 Major: 20% (Chemistry, Hematology, ISBB,
Bacte/Para) 25. After Penalty of Suspension has been served, how
 Minor: 10% (CM, Histopathology/MT Laws) can a professional be reinstated as RMT?
 Written request
17. How can a candidate pass a licensure examination?
 Weighted average – 75% & above 26. What are considered illegal practices of RMT?
 No grade less than 50% in Major subject  Work without Pathologist
 No failure 60%  Work without valid license (unexpired,
renewed)
18. After 3 failures, how can a candidate qualify for the  Making fraudulent laboratory report
licensure examination?  False advertisement
 REFRESHER COURSE  Impersonation
1. Choose either 1 year internship or  Submitting fake documents to secure a
2. 1 year professional subjects license
 Employing MTs, Technicians or Laboratory
19. How many exams are given to 1 candidate? Technicians who are not registered
 3/Three  Failure to display COR in the work area
 How may one be a medical laboratory
technician? *All are enumerated in Section 29
1. Works under RMT
2. Grade of 70-74.9 27. What is foreign reciprocity?
 1964 – 1st and only exam for laboratory  Mutual understanding of 2 countries
technician regarding MT

20. What is the age requirement to be issued a RMT 28. How many employers may RMT have?
license?  2/Two
 21 years old
29. To whom do we report illegal practices of MT
21. Why does the board refuse to issue a license to a profession?
candidate?  Report to authorities
 Underage  Report to ethics committee
 Unsound mind
 Common disease 30. What is the law that created PRC? What are the
 Convicted by court (Immoral, Unethical, roles of PRC?
Unprofessional Conduct)  PD 223
 PRC = under the office of the President
22. Who may conduct an administrative investigation of 1. PRB (Professional Regulatory
a RMT? Boards) – administer licensure
 2 members of BMOT exam
 1 legal officer 2. CPEC (Continuing Professional
1. UNANIMOUS VOTE: 3/3 agreed = Education Council) – renewal of
to impose penalty of revocation license
2. MAJORITY VOTE: 2/3 agreed = to  OLD: Professional practice = supervised by
impose penalty of suspension Civil Service Commission (CSC)
3. 1 VOTE: verbal/written reprimand  NOW: Professional practice divided into 2:
= warning 1) Private practice – supervised by PRC
2) Government practice – supervised by CSC
31. What is TOS?  Government Blood Bank
 Table of Specifications  Commercial/Private BB
should be close
32. What is CPE? 2. Only voluntary donors are
 Continuing Professional Education accepted
 Walk-In donors
33. For RMT, what are the required units of CPE for the  Replacement donors
renewal of license?
 60 units – MT 39. What are the kinds of blood donors? Type of donors
 30 units – Laboratory Technician encouraged by government?
40. Kind of BB phased out by RA 7719?
34. What is RA 4688?
 Clinical Laboratory Law 41. What is RA 8504?
 Philippine HIV/AIDS Law – prevention &
35. 3 types of laboratory according to function? control of HIV/AIDS
 Clinical Pathology Laboratory – blood, urine,
CSF (usual) 42. How can HIV/AIDS paralyze the immune system?
 Anatomic Pathology Laboratory – tissues,  A retrovirus infecting/kills T helper cells = T
organs (biopsy, autopsy) helper count decreases
 Forensic Pathology Laboratory –  T helper cells convert B cells to plasma cells
medicolegal examinations (not popular in to produce antibodies
the Philippines)
What are the common methods of HIV
36. Who may manage a clinical laboratory? transmission?
 Authorized/licensed Physician  Sexual intercourse
 Pathologist  Blood transfusion
 Perinatal transmission
37. Service capabilities of primary, secondary & tertiary  Parenteral transmission
laboratories?
 1◦ - basic laboratory, routine tests (CBC, 43. What is AIDSWATCH? What is Pink Ribbon Society?
fecalysis, UA, GS)  AIDSWATCH – maintains statistics of AIDS
 2◦ - 1◦ tests plus chemistry tests  Pink Ribbon Society – community of AIDS
 3◦ - 2◦ tests plus culture & sensitivity as well patients
as special tests
44. What is anonymous testing?
Free Standing Hospital Based  Owner of the specimen is not known
(outside the
hospital) 45. Difference between RA 6425 & RA 9165?
1◦ Pathologist Licensed  RA 6425 – Comprehensive Drugs Act of
Physician 1972
2◦ Pathologist Inadequate  RA 9165 – Comprehensive Drugs Act of
Pathologist = 2002
Licensed
Physician 46. What is the validity of drug test result?
Adequate  1 year
Pathologist =
Pathologist 47. Difference between mandatory & random drug
3◦ Pathologist Pathologist testing?
*Maximum of 4 laboratories  Mandatory – Police, Armed Forces,
Candidate in Election, Fire Arms License
38. What is RA 7719?  Random – Students, Interns
 National Blood Services Act of 1994
 Before: RA 1517 – Blood Banking Law of 48. Difference between screening & confirmatory drug
1956 (old BB law) testing laboratory in terms of capability? In terms of
1. 2 kinds of Blood Bank personnel?
 Private/Commercial  Screening – result is POSITIVE or NEGATIVE
 Government Blood Bank - MT, Pharma, Chemist
2. 2 kinds of blood donor  Confirmatory – Qualitative & Quantitative
 Professional/Paid donors - should always have Chemist
 Voluntary donors
 Repealed by RA 7719 (new BB law) – with 49. What is RA 7170?
policies & guidelines  Organ Donation Act
1. Only recognizes 1 BB
 What are the transplantable parts of the body? 59. What are the sources of funds for the NVBSP?
 Kidney  NVBSP - National Voluntary Blood Services
 Heart Program
 Liver 1. Government
 Eyes 2. PAGCOR (Philippine Amusement
 Bones and Gaming Corporation)
3. PCSO (Philippine Charity
50. What is immediate family? Sweepstakes Office)
 Decides if the body or parts will be donated 4. Duty Free Shop
or not
1. Spouse 60. What is the kind of blood donor encouraged by the
2. Children government?
3. Parents  Voluntary donors (Walk-In & Replacement
4. Siblings donors)
5. Relatives
61. What are the lead agencies for professional
51. How can one execute a legacy to donate part of his education of voluntary blood donation?
body?  PAMET (Philippine Association of Medical
 18 years old with sound mind Technologists)
 PNA (Philippine Nurses Association)
52. What is RA 9288?  PSHBT (Philippine Society of Hematology
 Newborn Screening Act of 2004 and Blood Transfusion)
 NBs should be screened on heritable  PSP (Priority Setting Partnership)
conditions.
 Performed after 24 hours of life but not 62. What are the lead agencies for public education of
later than 3 days voluntary blood donation?
 Exemption: NBs in ICU – 7 days/1 week  PBCC (Philippine Blood Coordinating
Council)
53. How can one refuse NB screening? What are the  PNRC (Priority Setting Partnership)
results of undetected & untreated heritable  DOH (Department of Health)
conditions:
 Religious beliefs 63. What are the blood transmissible diseases?
 Results of undetected & untreated heritable  HIV, Syphilis, Malaria, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis
conditions: C
1. May Die/death
2. Physical deformities 64. What old law is repealed by National Blood Services
3. Mental retardation Act of 1994?
 RA 1517 repealed by RA 7719
54. What is the minimum requirement for technical
staff of Hospital Category A BB? Hospital Category B 65. What is the National Blood Services Act of 1994?
BB?  RA 7719
 A = 4 (1 am, 1 pm, 1 night, 1 off)
 B = 5 (2 am, 1 pm, 1 night, 1 off) 66. How many members are there in PNAC? Who is the
permanent Chairperson of the PNAC? Vice
55. What is National Blood Services Program Chairperson?
Committee?  Philippine National AIDS Council – groups of
 Committee that implements the voluntary people helping in the prevention of
blood donations HIV/AIDS
 26 members
56. What is the composition of the Hospital Blood  Chairperson: DOH Secretary
Transfusion Committee?  Vice Chairperson: anyone from the other
 QC officer (RMT), hematologist, Hospital members
Training Officer, Attending Physician, Nurse
67. Who is the overseer of an integrated &
57. Who is the head of BB? comprehensive approach to HIV/AIDS prevention &
 Licensed Physician/Pathologist control?
 PNAC (Philippine National AIDS Council)
Technical staff members?
 RMT & 1 recruitment officer (Nurse, RMT, 68. Difference between AIDSWATCH & Pink Ribbon
MD) Society?
 AIDSWATCH – updates statistics of AIDS
58. What type of BB is to be phased out by RA 7719?  Pink Ribbon Society – HIV/AIDS victims
 Commercial/Private BB
69. Lead agencies of HIV/AIDS education in
communities?
 DILG - Department of the Interior and Local
Government
70. Lead agencies of HIV/AIDS education in workplace?
 PNP –( Philippine National Police)
 DOLE (Department of Labor and
Employment)
 Armed Forces
71. Lead agencies of HIV/AIDS education for Filipinos
going abroad?
 DFA (Department of Foreign Affairs)
 DOLE (Department of Labor and
Employment)
72. Lead agencies of HIV/AIDS education information as
health service?
 DOH (Department of Health)
73. What are the lead government agencies for
HIV/AIDS education in schools?
 IBE (International Bureau of Education)
74. What is informed consent?
 Properly informed what kind of tests to be
done/perform
Medical Confidentiality?
 Any tests performed to the patient should
never be shared to others
75. Methods of Transmission of HIV/AIDS?
 Sexual intercourse
 Blood transfusion
 Perinatal transmission
 Parenteral transmission
76. Anonymous testing?
 Owner of the specimen is not known
Contact tracing?
 Past records/investigate previous sex
partners
77. What are the human rights & civil liberties of a
person with HIV/AIDS?
 Privacy
 No discrimination
78. What is the Philippine AIDS Prevention & Control
Act of 1998?
 RA 8504
79. What is NRL?
 National Reference Laboratory
80. What is the validity of drug test result?
 1 year
81. When will the confirmed result become a
permanent record?
 If not challenged within 15 days
82. Technical staff of a screening drug testing
laboratory?
 RMT, Pharmacists, Chemists
Technical staff of a confirmatory drug testing
laboratory?
 Chemists
83. Who may head drug testing laboratory?
 Licensed Pathologist
84. Who should undergo mandatory drug testing?
 Police, Armed Forces, Candidate in Election,
Fire Arms License
Random?
 Students, Interns
85. Difference between screening & confirmatory drug
testing laboratory?
86. Difference between screening & confirmatory drug
test?
 Screening – POSITIVE/NEGATIVE results
 Confirmatory – Qualitative/Quantitative
87. What is the chain of custody?
 From the collection up to disposal
88. Comprehensive Drug Act of 1972?
 RA 6425
Of 2002?
 RA 9165
89. Transplantable organs?
 Liver, Heart, Kidney, Eyes, Bones
90. Authorized to remove transplantable organs?
 Pathologist/Physician
91. Manner of executing legacy or donees of human
bodies or parts?
 Hospital
 School/University
 Organ Donation Bank
92. Who may execute a legacy of all or part of his body
for the purpose of transplantation?
 18 years old with sound mind
93. Who can declare if a person is medically & legally
dead?
 Heart & Respiratory Dead – Attending
Physician
 Brain – Consulting & Attending Physician
94. Difference between decedent & testator?
 Decedent – person has died
 Testator – alive
95. Organ Act of 1991?
 RA 7170

96. What are the treatable genetic, hematologic,

endocrinologic, metabolic diseases of NB which are
expected to be eradicated with the NB screening
program?
 Congenital Hypothyroidism
 Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
 Galactosemia
 G6PD Deficiency
 Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD)
 Phenylketonuria

97. Specimen for NB screening?

 Blood

98. Where is the secretariat of the Advisory Committee

on NB screening?
 NIH (National Institutes of Health)

99. What are the possible consequences if heritable

conditions are left undetected/untreated?
 Death
 Physical Deformities
 Mental Retardation

100. When to refuse?

 Religious beliefs

101. When the NB is placed in Intensive Care Unit,

when is screening be performed?
 Must be tested by 7/seven days of age

102. When is the performance of NB screening?

 After 24 hours of life but not later than 3
days

103. Who has the obligation to inform the parents or

legal guardian of the availability, nature & benefits
of NB screening?
 MT on duty

104. Advisory Committee on NB screening consists of

8 members including the DOH Secretary as
Chairman. Who is the Vice Chairperson?
 Director of NIH (National Institutes of
Health)

105. Where is the NB Screening Reference Center?

 NIH (National Institutes of Health)

106. What is Newborn Screening Act of 2004?

 RA 9288