INSTITUTO TECNOLÓGICO DE VERACRUZ TERMODINÁMICA INGENIERÍA QUÍMICA

LONGITUD 1Å= 3.281x10-10 ft 1 kPa = 1×103 Pa 1 mm Hg = 0.01934 psia 1 g/cm3 = 0.036127 lbm/in3
1Å = 6.214x10-14 mi 2
1 m = 1.0936 yardas 1 kPa = 0.2953 in Hg 29.92 in Hg = 14.696 lbf/in 1 g/cm3 = 62.4278 lbm/ft3
1 m = 6.2137x10-4 millas 1Å = 10-4 μm 1 L atm = 101.325 J 1 in Hg = 0.491 lb/in2 1 g/cm3 = 1.940 slug/ft3
1 m = 10-3 km 1 año luz = 9.461x1015 m 1 atm = 14.696 lbf/in2 1 in Hg = 3.387 kPa 1 kg/m3 = 0.0622428 lbm/ft3
1 m = 100 cm 1 rod = 16.5 ft 1 atm = 14.696 psia 1 lbf/ft2= 47.88 Pa 1 slug/ft3 = 515.4 kg/m3
5 2
1 m = 1000 mm 1 fathom = 6 ft 1 atm = 1.01325x10 N/m 1 din/cm2 = 1x10-1 N/m2 1 lbm/ft3 = 0.03108 slug/ft3
5 2 -1 3 3
1 m = 39.37 in MASA 1 atm =1.01325x10 Pa 1 din/cm = 1x10 Pa 1 lbm/ft = 16.02 kg/m
1 m = 106 μm 1 lbm/ft = 0.01602 g/cm3
3
1 kg = 1000 g 1 atm = 101.325 kPa VOLUMEN
1 m = 109 nm 1 kg = 2.20462 lbm 1 atm = 1.013223 kgf/cm2 1 Lt = 1 dm3 ENERGÍA TRABAJO Y
1 m = 3.2808 ft 1 kg = 0.06852 slug 1 atm = 760 mm Hg 1 Lt = 1000 cm3 CALOR
1 m = 1010 Å 1 g = 2.2046x10-3 lbm 1 atm = 760 torr 1 Lt = 1x10-3 m3 1 J = 1 kg m2/s2 = 1 N m
1 m = 1015 fermis 1 g = 1x10-3 kg 1 atm = 29.9213 in Hg 1 Lt =1.0576 qt (cuartos) 1 J = 0.2389 cal
-4 3 -4
1 ft = 1.894x10 mi 1 lbm = 0.45359 kg 1 atm = 406.8 in H2O 1 Lt = 0.0353 ft 1 J = 2.3883x10 kcal
1 ft = 3.048x10-4 km 1 lbm = 0.03108 slug 1 atm = 1.01325 bar 1 Lt =61.02 in3 1 J = 9.4784x10-4 BTU
1 ft = 0.3048 m 1 slug = 14.594 kg 1 atm = 1013.25 mbar 1 Lt = 0.2642 gal 1 J = 1 m3 Pa
1 ft = 30.48 cm 1 slug = 32.1741 lbm 1 atm = 2116 lbf/ft2 1 acre-pie = 4041 m3 1 J = 1x10-5 m3 bar
1 ft = 12 in 1 ton corta = 20001 lbm 1 atm = 75 cm Hg 1 acre-pie = 43500 ft3 1 J = 10 cm3 bar
1 ft = 3.048x102 mm 1 ton corta = 907.1847 kg 1 bar = 1×105 N/m2 1yd3= 0.7646 hectolitros 1 J = 9.869232667x10-3 Lt atm
5 5 3 3
1 ft = 3.048x10 μm 1 ton métrica = 1000 kg 1 bar = 1×10 Pa 1 m = 1000 Lt 1 J = 9.86923 cm atm
1 ft = 3.048x108 nm 1 uma = 1.6606x10-27 kg 1 m3 = 1x106 cm3 7
1 bar = 0.98692 atm 1 J = 1x10 dina cm
1 milla = 1.609 km 1 onza = 0.2835 kg 1 bar = 1×102 kPa 1 m3 = 35.3147 ft3 1 J = 1x107 erg
1 milla = 1609 m 1 libra masa = 454 g 1 bar = 2088.61 lbf/ft2 1 m3 = 6.1023x104 in3 1 J = 5.12197x10-3 ft3 psia
1 milla = 5820 ft FUERZA 1 bar = 14.5038 psia 1 m3 = 1.3080 yd3 1 J = 0.737562 ft lbf
1 mi náutica = 1852 m 1 N = 1 kg m/s2 1 bar = 1×104 dina/cm2 1 m3 = 264.172 gal 1 J = 6.242x1018 eV
1 mi náutica = 1.1508 mi 1 N = 0.22481 lbf 1 bar = 750.061 torr 1 cm3 = 1 mL 1 J/mol = 0.4299 BTU/mol
1 mi náutica = 6076.1 ft 1 N = 105 dina 1 bar = 10.19736137 m H2O 1 cm3 = 6.1023x10-2 in3 1 kcal = 4.1868 kJ
1 mi náutica = 1.853 km 1 N = 0.1020 kg wt 1 bar = 1019.736137cmH2O 1ft3 = 0.02832 m3 1 kcal = 3.9684 BTU
1 km = 1000 m 1 dina = 1 g cm/s2 1 bar = 401.47092 in Hg 1ft3 = 28320 cm3 1 kcal = 3088 ft lbf
1 km = 0.6214 milla (mi) 1 dina = 1x10-5 N 1 bar = 76.0044 cm Hg 1ft3 =1728 in3 1 kWh = 3.60x103 kJ
1 km = 0.5396 mi náutica 1 lbf = 4.448 N 1 bar = 29.5293 in Hg 1ft3 = 7.481 gal 1 kWh = 2655.2x103 ft lbf
1 yarda = 0.9144 m 1 lbf = 32.174 lbm ft/s2 1 torr = 133.32 Pa 1ft3 = 28.32 Lt 1 kWh = 3412.2 BTU
-5
1 cm = 10 km 1 lbf = 0.4536 kg wt 1 torr = 0.13332 KPa 1in3 = 1.639x10-5 m3 1 kWh = 859.86 kcal/h
1 cm = 10-2 m 1 lbf = 32.17 poundalss 1 torr = 1 mm Hg a 0°C 1in3 = 16.38726382 cm3 1 eV = 1.6022x10-19 J
2
1 cm = 10 mm 1 kgf = 9.80665 N 1 psia =1lbf/in de Pabs. Std 1 US gal= 231 in3 1 cal = 4.186 J
1 cm = 0.3937 in PRESIÓN 1 psia = 144 lb/ft2 1 gal = 3.786 Lt 1 kJ = 0.94782 BTU
1 cm = 104 μm 1 Pa = 1 N/m2 1 psia = 6895 N/m2 1 gal = 3.786x10-3 m3 1 BTU = 1.05506 kJ
1 in = 1.578x10-5 mi 1 Pa = 1.4504x10-4 lbf/in2 1 psia = 0.068046 atm 1 gal = 0.13368 ft3 1 BTU = 0.25200 kcal
1 in = 2.54 cm 1 Pa = 0.020886 lbf/ft2 1 psia = 0.06895 bar 1 gal = 231 in3 1 BTU = 778.16 lbf ft
1 in = 25.4 mm 1 Pa = 4.016x10-3 in H2O 1 psia = 6895 Pa 1 gal = 8 Pt 1 BTU = 525 cal
-4
1 in = 0.0254 m 1 Pa = 2.953x10 in Hg 1 psia = 5.171 cm Hg 1 Pt = 0.473 Lt 1 BTU = 1054 J
1 in = 8.33x10-2 ft -5
1 Pa = 1x10 bar 1 psia = 27.68 in H2o 1 bbl (barril) = 42 gal 1 BTU/lbm = 25037 ft2/s2
1 Å = 10-10 m 1 Pa = 9.8692x10-6 atm 1 mm Hg = 1 torr DENSIDAD 1 BTU/lbm = 2.236 kJ/kg
1 Å = 10-8 cm 1 kPa = 1 N/cm2 1 mm Hg = 0.01934 lbf/in2 1 g/cm3 = 1000 kg/m3 1 BTU/lbm = 0.55566 kcal/kg
INSTITUTO TECNOLÓGICO DE VERACRUZ
1 BTU/lbm = 778.16 ft lbf/lbm
1 kJ/kg = 0.430 BTU/lbm
1 kJ/kg = 0.23885 kcal/kg
1 kJ/kg = 334.55 ft lbf/lbm
1 kcal/kg = 4.1868 kJ/kg
1 kcal/kg = 18000 BTU/lbm
1 kcal/kg = 1400.7 ft lbf/lbm
1 kW h = 3.60x106 J
1 kW h = 34.121 BTU
1 kW h = 860.1 kcal
1 kW h = 1.341 hp h
1 erg = 1 g cm2/s2
-7
1 erg = 1x10 J
1 lbf ft = 1.3558 J
1 lbf ft = 1.285x10-3 BTU
1 lbf ft = 1.3558x10-3 kJ
POTENCIA
2 2
1 W = 1 kg m /s = 1 J/s
1 W = 0.85987 kcal/h
1 W = 2.389x10-4 kcal/s
1 W = 1.341x10-3 hp
1 W = 0.73756 lb ft/s
1 W = 2.6552x103 lbf ft/hr
1 W = 3.4144 BTU/h
1 W = 9.4845x10-4 BTU/s
1 kW = 1000 W
1 kW = 3413 BTU/h
1 BTU/s = 1054 W
1 BTU/h = 0.293 W
1 cal/s = 4.184 W
1 lbf ft/s = 1.356 W
1 hp = 745.7 W
1 hp = 2545 BTU/h
1 hp = 550 ft lbf/s
1 hp = 0.1782 kcal/s
ACELERACIÓN
1 ft/s2 = 0.3048 m/s2
1 ft/s2 = 30.48 cm/s2
1 m/s2 = 3.2808 ft/s2
1 m/s2 = 100 cm/s2
1 m/s2 = 4.2520x107 ft/h2
g = 9.81 m/s2
g = 981 cm/s2
TERMODINÁMICA
2 3
g =32.174 ft/s TIEMPO
gc = 1 Kg m/N s2 1 año = 365.2422 días
gc =1 g cm/din s2 1 año = 8.766x103 h
gc = 32.174 lbm ft/ lbf s2 1 año = 5.2596x105 min
g/gc =9.81 N/Kg 1 año = 3.15576x107 s
g/gc = 981 din/g 1 h = 3600 s
g/gc =1 lbf/lbm
1 min = 60 s
VELOCIDAD 1 día = 8.64x104 s
1 nudo =1.853Km/h 1 día sideral = 86164 s
1 nudo =1.152 mi/h FLUJO MAGNÉTICO
1mi/h = 1.467 ft/s 1 Weber (Wb) = 108 Maxwells
1mi/h =1.609 Km/h 1 Wb = 108 líneas
1mi/h = 0.447 m/s INTENSIDAD
1mi/min = 60 mi/h MAGNÉTICA
1mi/min = 88 ft/s 1 Tesla (T) = 1 N/amp m
1km/h = 0.2778 m/s 1 T = 1 Wb/m2
1km/h = 0.9113 ft/s 1 T = 10 000 Gauss
1km/h = 0.6214 mi/h TEMPERATURA
1 m/h = 3600 m/s K = °C + 273.15
1 m/s = 3.281 ft/s °R = 1.8 °K
1 m/s = 3.6 Km/h °K = (5/9) (°F + 459.67)
1 m/s = 2.237 mi/h °R = °F + 459.67
1 in/s = 2.54x10-2 m/s °C = °K-273.15
1 ft/s = 0.6818 mi/h °C = (5/9) (°F-32)
ÁREA °C = (°F-32)/1.8
1cm2 = 0.001076 ft2 °F = °R-459.67
1cm2 = 0.155 in2 °F = 1.8 °C + 32
1 m2 = 10.764 ft2 °F = (9/5)°C + 32
1 m2 = 10 000 cm2 INTERVALOS DE
1 ft2 = 0.0929 m2 TEMPERATURA
1 ft2 = 929 cm2 1.8°F ; 1.8°R ; 1 °F ; 1° C
1 ft2 = 144 in2 1 °C 1°K 1°R 1°K
1 in2 = 6.452 cm2 CONSTANTE
1 in2 = 6.45x10-4 m2 UNIVERSAL DE LOS
1 in2 = 6.94278x10-3 ft2 GASES ( R )
1 hec = 104 m2 8.314 J/mol°K
1 hec = 2.471 acres 83.14 KJ/Kg mol °K
1 mi2 = 2.54 Km2 1545.3 ft lbf/lbmol ° R
1 mi2 = 640 acres 1.986 cal/ gmol °K
1 mi2 = 259 hec 82.057 cm3 atm /mol °
1 acre = 43560 ft2 0.08205 L atm/mol °K
1 acre = 4046.724 m2 0.08314 bar m3/Kg mol °K
1 acre = 0.4046724 hec
INGENIERÍA QUÍMICA
83.14 cm bar/mol K NÚMERO DE AVOGADRO
8.314 m3 Pa/mol K NA = 6.0221367x1023
8314 cm3 kPa/mol K RADIO DE LA PRIMERA
-
82.06 cm3 atm/mol K ÓRBITA DEL e DE BOHR
62356 cm3 torr/mol K AO = 0.5292x10-10 m
1.987 cal/mol K ELECTRON VOLT
-19
1.986 Btu/lbmol °R 1 eV = 1.6022x10 J
0.7302 ft3 atm/lbmol °R POTENCIAL DE
10.73 ft3 psia/lbmol °R IONIZACIÓN DEL ÁTOMO
1545 ft lbf/lbmol °R DE HIDRÓGENO
DENSIDAD DEL AGUA 13.606 eV
1 g/cm3 PREFIJOS S.I.
3 18
1000 kg/m E = 10 Exa
62.4278 lb/ft3 P = 1015 Peta
DENSIDAD DEL Hg T = 1012 Tera
13.6 g/cm3 G = 109 Giga
CARGA DEL e-- M = 106 Mega
1.6022x10-19 C k = 103 kilo
CONST. DE FARADAY h = 102 hecto
96485.3 C/mol e- da = 101 deca
9.6487x107 C/kgmol d = 10-1 deci
CONST. DE PLANCK c = 10-2 centi
h = 6.63x10-34 J s m = 10-3 mili
h = 6.63x10-27 erg μ = 10-6 micro
h = 4.136x10-15 eV s n = 10-9 nano
CONST. DE RYDBERG p = 10-12 pico
Rh = 2.18x10-18 J f = 10-15 femto
Rh = 109677 cm-1 a = 10-18 atto
CONST. DE BOLTZMANN FREÓN 12
k = 1.3806x10-23 J/K Tc = 385 K
VELOCIDAD DE LA LUZ Pc = 41.2 bar
EN EL VACÍO PM = 20.92
2.99792458x108 m/s Vc = 0.216 m3/kgmol
VELOCIDAD DE LA LUZ Tb = -30 °C
c = 3x105 km/s
c = 3x108 m/s
c = 3x1010 cm/s
MASA DEL ELECTRÓN
me = 9.11x10-28 g
MASA DEL PROTÓN
mp = 1.6725x10-24 g
MASA DEL NEUTRÓN
mn = 1.6748x10-24 -g