MATHEMATICS WITHOUT BORDERS

AGE GROUP 8
WINTER 2018

Problem 1. If a < 0 and 𝑎 = 𝑎 + 2, calculate 𝑎 + 𝑎 .

A) 0 B) - 1 C) - 2 D) another answer
Problem 2. How many of the numbers in the sequence below are rational?
√3, √5, … , √2015, √2017
A) 43 B) 21 C) 20 D) 22
Problem 3. The product of three integers is 12. Find the smallest possible sum of these numbers,
which should be a negative number.
A) -10 B) - 11 C) - 12 D) -14

Problem 4. If 𝑥 = √2, calculate the value of the expression

A) −1 + 2√2 B) 1 − 2√2 C) −1 − 2√2 D) −1

Задача 5. Two boys are playing the following game: each boy takes a turn in taking 1, 2, 3 or 4
sweets out of a box of 13 sweets. The one who eats the last sweet is the winner. How many
sweets should the first player take at his first turn in order to secure a chance at winning the game
regardless of the turns of the second player?
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
Problem 6. Let А be a natural number, such that the equation (𝑥 − 𝐴)(𝑥 − 2) + 1 = 0 would
have two different real roots. What is the smallest value of А?
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 7
Problem 7. There are less than 30 students in a class. 25% of them are musicians and 40% are
athletes. How many students are there in this class?
A) 20 B) 24 C) 26 D) another answer
Problem 8. A group of boys and girls are participating in a chess tournament. Each contestant
plays one game against each of the other contestants. The number of games played between the
girls is 28, and the number of games played between the boys is 15. How many games did the
girls play against the boys?

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A) 24 B) 48 C) 42 D) 21
Problem 9. The legs АС and ВС of the right-angled triangle АВС have lengths of 24 cm and 10
cm respectively. The point L is on the hypotenuse АВ, and СL is the bisector of the triangle АВС.
Calculate the sum of the distances from the point L to the legs of the triangle.
A) 14 B) 14.5 C) 15 D) another answer

Problem 10. Calculate the following expression:

3 − 2√2 + √2 − 1.
A) 0 B) 2 C) 2√2 − 2 D) 2 − 2√2

Problem 11. The following figure has been made up of 19 line segments, each with a length of 1
cm.

How many routes with a length of 11 cm can lead us from the top left corner to the bottom right
corner of the figure if none of the line segments is used twice?

Problem 12. If АD : DB = 3 : 2 and CE : EB = 1 : 3, what part of the area of the triangle АВС is
the area of the colored part DBEF?

E
F

A B
D

Problem 13. If
𝑎 = (𝑏 − 𝑐) ,
𝑏 = (𝑐 − 𝑎) ,
𝑐 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)
calculate the greatest possible value of а + b + c.

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Problem 14. An isosceles triangle has a leg with a length of 2 cm and an area of 1 sq.cm. If the
base is the largest side of the triangle, find the angle at the base of this triangle.

Problem 15. How many natural numbers are co-prime to the number 29 while being smaller
than it?

Problem 16. If 𝑥 + 2018𝑥 + 2017𝑥 + 2018 ≡ (𝑥 + 𝐴𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝐵), calculate

B − A.

Problem 17. If а and b are integers, such that

𝑎 + 𝑏 < 0 and (𝑎 − 𝑎 − 2)√2 = (𝑏 − 1)√3,
calculate 𝑎 + 𝑏.

Problem 18. If а, b and c are positive numbers, such that 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 𝑐 , how many of the
following expressions are positive numbers?
𝑎 +𝑏 −𝑐 , 𝑎 +𝑏 −𝑐 , 𝑎 +𝑏 −𝑐 ,

Problem 19. The points Е, F, G and H are the midpoints of the sides of the quadrangle ABCD
which has an area of 30 sq.cm. Find the area of the quadrangle ЕFGH.

Problem 20. The groups (1), (2, 3, 4), (5, 6, 7, 8, 9), (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16), …
are made up of natural numbers. Each group ends with the square of the group’s number. What is
the sum of the numbers in group 21?