V.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Predisposing Factors: Precipitating Factors:

 High Na Intake
 Age: 53 y/o
 High Blood Pressure (160/100)
 Family History of Kidney
 Smoker
Disease and Hypertension
 Alcohol Intake

Thickening of blood vessels

Narrowing of the lumen

Less blood flow to the kidney

(to the nephrons specifically)

Decreased GFR
Increased Urea and eGFR - 12
Creatinine in the Blood ml/min/1.73m2
 Urea – 45.0 mg/dL Production of Renin
 Creatinine – 5.3 mg/dL  Bipedal pitting edema
with grade of +2
RAAS Activation  With Fine crackles on
both side of the lungs.
Itching on the patient’s  Decrease Urine Output:
Sodium and Water
lower extremities 200-400-200
Retention
(Uremic Frost)

Increased HR HR: 108 bpm

Further HPN
BP: 160/100

Increased cardiac workload With s3 heart

sounds
Hypertrophy and stiffening of
ECG Result: left
left ventricular filling
ventricular
hypertrophy with
Inadequate left ventricular filling inverted T wave as
of 10/25/18.

Blood back up into the

pulmonary capillary

30
V. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Increased fluid leaks to

interstitial spaces of lungs Difficulty of
breathing with RR
of 30 cpm
Fluid-filled alveoli leading to
.
impaired gas exchange Presence of
crackles

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