Mayfield 1

Colin Mayfield

ENG 1201

Prof. Barnes

11 March 2019

Online Casebook

Works Cited

Miller, Anna M. “Steroids.” US News, 21 Apr. 2016,

health.usnews.com/wellness/articles/2016-04-21/before-you-try-steroids-to-build-

Muscle-read-this.

This article, written by Anna Miller, was published on US News as a word of

advice to people who are considering using steroids to enhance their performance. The

article begins with a firsthand experience of steroid abuse by a man named Brian

Cuban. It then jumps into shocking statistics, like how 2 million middle and high school

students in the US admit to using steroids to enhance their appearance. 11 percent of

high schoolers have used artificial hormones to promote growth and illegal steroids can

be accessed at around 30 percent of gyms in the US. It then goes on to talk about

better alternatives to building healthy muscle. The purpose of this article is to inform and

drive youth away from using steroids and PEDs. It is written for teens and youth

because this is where the problem is growing the most. The author of this article is a

well-known writer for US News which establishes her credibility. The information in this

article will be used as an argument against the use of steroids and provides good facts

for that side of the argument.

Rpowell. “NCAA Drug Testing Program.” NCAA.org - The Official Site of the NCAA,
 Mayfield 2

NCAA, 25 Feb. 2019, http://www.ncaa.org/sport-science-institute/ncaa-drug-

testing-program

This article was published by the NCAA on their official website and states their

drug testing policy for college athletes. The purpose of posting this article is to inform

people about their policies and rules. It is intended for both average people who are

curious about the policies and also future athletes who will need to abide by the rules. I

know that the authors and sources are credible because it’s published by the ones who

made the rules, so there's no reason that they wouldn’t be accurate. This article will be

very useful in my paper because it discusses which substances are and are not allowed

by the NCAA.

Savulescu, J, and Clayton. “Why We Should Allow Performance Enhancing Drugs in

Sport.” British Journal of Sports Medicine, British Association of Sport and

Exercise Medicine, 1 Dec. 2004, bjsm.bmj.com/content/38/6/666.short.

This journal was written by 3 authors who go only by their last names, Savulescu,

Foddy, and Clayton. They talk about how long people have used different substances

and that if it does not expose an athlete to health risks, they should be permitted to use

them. They say that allowing everyone to use performance enhancing drugs, it levels the

playing field. The authors are credible, as they have written multiple other journals and

used 44 different sources when writing this one in particular. This article will provide a

good counter argument to the banning and strict regulation of PEDs, as most articles do

not agree with this one.

Mills, Kate. “Use of Performance-Enhancing Drugs by Professional Athletes.” RECO

Intensive,
 Mayfield 3

RECO Intensive, 15 Nov. 2017,

recointensive.com/scandal-sports-use-performance-enhancing-drugs-

professiona

l-athletes/.

This article, written by Kate Mills is an informative article about what PEDs are

and why athletes use them, as well as why it’s such a big deal. It talks about how sports

are such a big deal in our culture and athletes feel that they need to push themselves

beyond their limits. The article is credible but is mostly basic facts and is clearly pitted

against the use of PEDs. It is fairly current as it was written just over 2 years ago in

February of 2017. The author does not necessarily need credibility for the statements

that she’s making as they are very broad, but still cites the sources she used to

compose the article. It is relevant to my article because it provides an argument for the

regulation of performance enhancing drugs in sports.

Wilson, Austin W., and Luke R. Potwarka. “Exploring Relationships Between Passion

and Attitudes Toward Performance Enhancing Drugs in Canadian Collegiate

Sport Contexts.” Journal of Intercollegiate Sport, vol. 8, no. 2, Dec. 2015, pp.

227–246. EBSCOhost

https://eds-b-ebscohost-com.sinclair.ohionet.org/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=f999

6a6c-08d8-48b5-9c0e-ba2abed41ad6%40pdc-v-sessmgr06&bdata=JnNpdGU9Z

WRzLWxpdmU%3d#AN=113004349&db=s3h

This scientific journal explains a study done in Canada at the University of

 Mayfield 4

Waterloo that looked into college athletes attitudes towards performance enhancing

drugs. They found that athletes who were more obsessive about their health had more

positive attitudes towards these drugs and vice versa. This journal is certainly credible

as it was written by the people who conducted the experiment. It was conducted in 2015

and is still relevant to the topic. This article is important to my research paper because it

shows in general which types of athletes are for or against the use of performance

enhancing drugs. It will help to support and refute both sides of the argument.

Wilson, Bradley R. A. “Performance-Enhancing Drugs.” Salem Press Encyclopedia of

Science, 2018. EBSCOhost,

https://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=f9a22847-7dde-4939-98

a7-cfec5941cb19%40sessionmgr4010&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU%3d#

AN=110336063&db=sch

This journal discusses the legal and illegal means by which athletes obtain and

use performance enhancing drugs. It also discusses the many concerns about these

drugs like that there is very little known about most types of steroids that athletes are

using and how not only sports associations but also law enforcement agencies are

trying to stop the uninformed and illegal use of these drugs. It also describes a DEA

operation titled operation “Raw Deal” in which they targeted steroid labs across the

country making 124 arrests, shutting down 56 illegal labs, and 242 million units of

steroid dosage along with 242 kilograms of raw steroid powder. The purpose of this

journal was to inform about the ways that law enforcement regulates and hunts down

distributors of illegal steroids. The article is credible as information comes directly from

the DEA investigation itself, which was conducted in 2007. This will be useful in my
 Mayfield 5

article discussing how most of these steroids and other drugs are in fact illegal and are

obtained and distributed illegally. It will support those against the use of these

substances.

Winfrey, Oprah. “Lance Armstrong on the Oprah Winfrey Show.” The Guardian, The

Guardian, 18 Jan. 2013,

www.theguardian.com/sport/2013/jan/18/lance-armstrong-admits-doping-oprah-w

infrey. Accessed 28 Feb. 2019.

This article is written alongside an interview on television conducted by Oprah

Winfrey with Lance Armstrong, a very well-known cyclist who won multiple Tour-de-

Frances and later admitted to the use of steroids. This source is extremely useful

because it comes directly from one of the most well known athletes in the world who

was caught abusing illegal steroids. Lance even stated that winning the Tour de France

seven consecutive times as he did is not even humanly possible without the use of the

drugs he took. The authors of the article write directly about the interview which is

included on the website, so it has strong credibility and will contribute greatly to the

research paper in many ways on both sides of the steroid argument.